Cng ngh

LPG Lnh
Cc vn khi lm hng vi tu
Ni dung
Chun b
K hoch
Line up, nim
phong, in n
u ni LDA
Lm hng
Xp/d hng
Checklist
o tnh
Tng quan
nh hng
ca cc
thng s
Cc lu
Tho cn;
o tnh;
Gim st
gim nh.
I. Cng tc chun b
1. Cu cng;
2. Bn b;
3. ng ng/bm/LDA;
K hoch cu
cng
K hoch BDSC/Ci
hon; Nhu cu ca cc
Khch hng; iu kin
thi tit; Thng tin t
cc c quan QLNN.
Cng: cc quy nh php lut,
quy trnh,hp ng
K hoch khai thc
cu cng
1. Mi thng tin lin quan cn
phi c trao i kp thi;
2. Mi thng nht thay i cn
c feedback ngay n cc
bn lin quan;
3. Cn c h s y .
K hoch bn b
Sn lng d kin; tn kho cp nht;
K hoch batch/lift; t l trn (LPG);
K hoch/t l ca cc chuyn lin quan (LPG).


ng ng/bm/LDA
ng ng: line up nhm? Checklist/seal?; tnh cht SP ang c
trong ng ng;
Bm: iu kin vn hnh, k hoch BDSC
LDA: Tuyn ng ph hp, k hoch BDSC,
Mt s lu cho LDA Lnh:
Remote control trc trc:
LDA bo tn hiu cha sn sng (s kin nhp tu Cliper Sun)



II. Lm hng
1. K hoch xp/d ca Tu/B:
Trc khi xut hng:
Kch thc manifold, gii hn an ton ca LDA.
Nhit , p sut, lu lng bm hng.
Khi lng hng d.
Th chc nng ESD
K hoch xut hng:
K hoch lm lnh ng ng.
Lu lng ban u, lu lng max.
Lm sch cn, tho cn.
1. V cc vn an ton (ship/shore checklist)


Mt s mc in hnh trong checklist
Mc s Ni dung M Tho lun
I.2 Tu c neo buc chc chn cha? R V sao R?
I.3 Tu v cu cng thng nht cch lin lc
cha?
AR V sao A, R?
I.13 Tu sn sng di chuyn bng my chnh
cha?
PR
I.38 p sut trong cc tank lm hng cao hn p
sut kh quyn v nng oxygen c 8%
th tch khng
PR
A- Any procedures and
agreements should be in writing in
the remarks column of this Check
List or other mutually acceptable
form. In either case, signature of
both parties should be required.
P- In the case of negative answer,
the operation should not be
carried out without the permission
of the Port Authority.
R- Indicates items to be re-
checked at intervals not exceeding
that agreed in the declaration.
M s A (agreement): Nhng th
tc, tha thun nn vit r trong ct
remark trong phiu hoc s dng
biu mu c 2 bn thng nht,
k.
M s P (permit): nu cu tr
li l Ph nh Bc cng vic
ch c thc hin khi c s
chp thun ca CNG.
M s R (recheck): Cn phi
tin hnh kim tra li trong
khang thi gian qui nh trong
phiu.
Cc s kin lin quan n dy neo
Chuyn hng u tin tu Maple 1 khi ang lm hng sau khi iu
chnh dy buc tu, tu b dch chuyn ti trc 2 m.
Tu Fritzi N trong khi lm hng tu b dch chuyn 2m, nguyn
nhn chnh khi tu cp nc ang nh triu, sau nc rng
nhanh tu mi u ng, chun b, cha kp iu chnh dy kp thi,
sau c tu ln chy qua, lm tu dch chuyn.

Tho lun cc vn v neo
Lu khi b tr dy ti cc hook
Gc quay ca hook theo s
trn, lu khng hook t
vo nhau gy h hng.
Nht l ti cc v tr BD
III. o tnh hng ha
1. Cc vn tng quan;
2. nh hng ca tng thng s n khi lng gim nh ti tu;
III. 1. Cc vn tng quan
1. Thng lgiao nhn thng mi;
2. Cng thc tnh hng (lng-hi);
3. Cc thit b o tnh;
4. Quy trinh qun ly.

Thng l giao nhn thng mi
1. Xng du thng thng: Thung (barrel)/m3 60oF/15oC (bn
bun); gallon/lt nhit thng (bn le);
2. Kh ha lng (LPG/LNG)/Du nng: Mt, Lt;
3. Kh thp p: theo nhit tr (MBTU);
4. Chnh lch s liu giao nhn 0,5%.
Tnh hng trong bn
Khi lng lng:
W=V*VCF*D15*WCF
Khi lng hi
PV=nRT => n=PV/RT
m=M*n
m=M*PV/RT
LONG
V: th tch lng;
Mc lng;
Hiu chnh
Bng tra dung tch.
VCF: volume correct factor;
D15;
T (oC)


D15: t trng 15oC (hoc
60oF);
Ly mu; phn tch;
Ci t, nhp s.
WCF: weigh correct factor
= (D15-0.0011)

Hi
M: khi lng mole trung binh;
P: p sut tuyt i
(P=p+1.033);
V: th tch hi;
R: hng s kh (0.082 khi V tnh
bng lit);
T: oK, =t+273.15
m=M*PV/RT
* Mt s ti liu dung cng thc
gin tip.
Cc thit b o tnh
Thit b ca Tu
o mc;
o p sut, nhit ;
Cn bng tu
Thit b ca gim
nh
o t trng;
Xc nh mole weight
Cc bng hiu
chnh
Barem;
Hiu chnh cn bng
Hiu chnh vt liu
Hiu chnh thit b o
Quy trinh qun ly
1. Qun ly thit b
2. Cc quy trnh vn hnh;
3. Qun ly cng tc o tnh gim nh (phn sau).
III.2. nh hng ca cc thng s
Mc: dV=S*dH (S=1964 m2)
dH =5mm dV=10 m3 (0,05%)
Nhit : Chnh xp x 0,15%/oC c 0,05% (chi tit pha di).
Ap sut: chuyu l lng hi.
m=M*PV/RT p nh p: 8-10, p lnh: 0.1-0.2;
Bn lnh: 50% (70 tn), sai max 23 tn, 0,15%) ;
T trng: rt ln, ch yu lng.
Cho phep: 0,0005 tn/m3, 50%=15 tn, 0,1%
nh hng ca cc thng s
Bng tra:
Khi lp: 0,3% max (0,1%).
Trong qu trinh s dng: 5 nm hoc khi c thay i kt cu
max =0,5%


Bn 50%: 0,22*15000= 33 tn, 35000 USD.
nh hng ca nhit
Bng tng hp nh hng ca nhit n kt qu tnh khi lng
cc th tch khc nhau (Tu HH/VG).


Chnh T
0.5 oC 1.405 0.162% 1.174 0.163% 0.94 0.151% 0.884 0.166% 0.734 0.167%
1 oC 2.436 0.281% 2.034 0.282% 1.628 0.261% 1.53 0.288% 1.272 0.290%
1.5 oC 3.747 0.432% 3.13 0.434% 2.504 0.401% 2.352 0.442% 1.956 0.446%
2 oC 5.152 0.594% 4.302 0.596% 3.762 0.603% 3.234 0.608% 2.688 0.612%
WIA
96% V 80% V 70% V 50% V 60% V
867 722 624 532 439
1. Cp chnh xc/c tnh ca thit b o.
2. V tr ca cc sensor nhit , cch tnh nhit pha lng.
3. Cng tc kim nh/hiu chun.
4. Cha hiu chnh cc kt qu o trc khi tnh.
5. Ngi c gi tr o.

Cc yu t nh hng n kt qu o
nhit
1. Cp chnh xc/c tnh sensor
Tuy vo c tnh ca thit b o nhit , chnh lch kt qu o (so vi
thit b chun) c th ln n 1.5
0
C, thm tr c trng hp ln n 2
0
C.




Thit b c chnh xc thp, sau mt thi gian s dng, kt qu o s
khc xa so vi thi im hiu chun/kim nh.
Chnh T
0.5 oC 1.405 0.162% 1.174 0.163% 0.94 0.151% 0.884 0.166% 0.734 0.167%
1 oC 2.436 0.281% 2.034 0.282% 1.628 0.261% 1.53 0.288% 1.272 0.290%
1.5 oC 3.747 0.432% 3.13 0.434% 2.504 0.401% 2.352 0.442% 1.956 0.446%
2 oC 5.152 0.594% 4.302 0.596% 3.762 0.603% 3.234 0.608% 2.688 0.612%
WIA
96% V 80% V 70% V 50% V 60% V
867 722 624 532 439
Cch tnh nhit pha lng.
1. Nhit lng l trung bnh ca
nhit y v gia; nhit
ny c th khng i din cho
nhit ca phn lng, dn
n khi lng gim nh ti
tu nh p khng chnh xc.
2. Bin thin nhit theo chiu
cao mc lng c th xy ra
theo 3 trng hp, n
gin ta xt trng hp theo
ng thng.
Cch tnh nhit pha lng trng hp xp y tu.
1. Nhit pha lng: theo l
thuyt: T lng
=(32.4+33.5)/2=33
0
C. Thc
t dng sensor: Tlng
=(32.5+32.9)2=32.7
0
C,
chnh 0.3
0
C.
2. Chnh khi lng: khong
0.15%
Cch tnh nhit pha lng trng hp xp di na tu.
1. Nhit pha lng: theo l thuyt: T
lng =(32.4+33.5)/2=33
0
C. Thc t
dng sensor: Tlng =T bottom
=32.5
0
C, chnh 0.5
0
C. Trong cc
ngy tri nng to, T top ln n
40
0C,
T mt lng c th ln n
37
0C,
chnh c th trn 2
0C

2. Chnh khi lng: c th ln n
0.6%
3. Cng tc kim nh/hiu chun
Nu kim nh/hiu chun ti trung tm khng c uy tnh, cng tc
kim nh/hiu chun khng tun theo quy tnh c quy nh,
kt qu kim nh/hiu chun khng chnh xc.
V d: tu Vit Gas, tank 1 c bng hiu chnh, tank 2 th khng, mi
sensor c cp chnh xc v n v ca cp chnh xc khc nhau; tank
2 sau khi hiu chnh c hin tng nhit midle lun nh hn
bottom v top!,.
V d tu Petro Gas 05:

4. c v hiu chnh cc kt qu o
Trong di o ca mi sensor nhit , ng vi mi im chun c gi
tr hiu chnh khc nhau, c nhng sensor cn hiu chnh n 1.5
oC. T nm 2005, KVT/KCTV thng nht vi G v tu phi hiu
chnh kt qu o trc khi tnh khi lng gim nh.
Ty vo kinh nghim ca ngi c, gc nhn v cc iu kin ngoi
cnh khc, kt qu c nhit c th gp sai s, tuy nhin sai s
ny ch khong 0.5oC.

Bin php gim thiu nh hng
TT Yu t nh hng Bin php hn ch
1
Cp chnh xc/c tnh ca thit
b o
Trang b cc sensor c cp chnh xc
cao.
2
V tr ca cc sensor nhit ,
cch tnh nhit pha lng
Trnh xut hng mc thp
3
Cng tc kim nh/hiu chun S dng cng c quan kim nh/
hiu chun; chn c quan c uy tn
4
Cha hiu chnh cc kt qu o
trc khi tnh
Tun th quy nh
5
Ngi c gi tr o t mt vung gc vi ng h
IV. Cc vn cn lu trong thc t
1. Hi hi;
2. iu kin trc khi o tnh ti tu.
a) Cn bng tu
b) Cc iu kin khc
3. c thc slip tube;
4. Gim st gim nh;
Hi hi khi xut xung tu
Vi sao?
Khi no?
Lu y gi?
Vit cho anh 2 trend xut
LPG cho tu, 1 ci nhn
thy r thi im hi hi, 1
ci khng r.
Shores tanks
Ships tanks
iu kin trc khi o tnh ti tu
Cn bng tu;
Vn chy my nn hi;
Tnh trng lng trn ng ng;
Mc ca cc drum lin quan;

Cn bng tu
Cn bng dc - trim
Cn bng ngang heel
Cn bng tu
V tr t thit b o cn bng ngang;
Max cho php: 1
o
; iu chnh nu vt


Thay i thy triu?
Thay i Draft?
Dy neo?
Cc vn khc
Chy my nn hi: mc ch, du hiu kt thc qu trnh;
Lng trn tuyn ng cng ngh: cch m bo x ht v hm
hng;
Cc condenser drum: mc, tnh ton khi lng.

c thc slip tube
Cu to:
B tr trn cc hm hng;
Chn thc
1. Cn c level gauge (floating gauge), chn thc
ph hp.
2. ng pha u gi; Rt thc vt qu qu mc
lng (khong 10 cm cao hn so vi Level gauge);
ch n khi ch c hi thot ra, m bo thc
ch tip xc vi pha hi.
3. Xoay v n nh u thc xung, dng li mi mt
cm ch LPG chy t dim tip xc ra ngoi.
4. Khi t im lng s b: chnh tinh bng cch
ko thc ln khong 2 cm, thc hin bc nu
trn tht chm. Khi thng nht im lng: vn cht
ai sit thc khng di chuyn. Mc lng cn
c l im ct ca thc vi c chun.
Thao tc c
Thay hnh cho ph hp (o
thc t), hnh chp ch yu
u rui thy khc bit pha
hi v lng

Chn thm video m t t u
n cui qu trnh rt thc.
Nn phn gii video veaf
phi trc khi quay, nn c
ting, nn ngn khong 5-7
pht.
Hnh nh minh ha

Ch kt qu hin th n nh trong vng +-5mm;
Ghi nhn gi tr ln nht v nh nht, ly trung bnh;
Copy chng ch hiu chun, hiu chnh gi tr c
Cho mt s hnh minh ha
c mc i vi cc tu o t ng

Floating level gauge
Gim st Gim nh
1. Hiu c quan im ca mi ngi v vai tr ca
cng tc gim st gim nh;
2. Trang b cc kin thc c bn lin quan n cng tc
gim st G
3. Trao i cc bin php gip duy tr v trin khai
y cng tc gim st gim nh.
NI DUNG
L do phi
gim st nh
quy nh;
Cc quy trnh,
quy nh hin
hnh ca KVT
lin quan
Cc li ca
gim nh
Ly do phi gim st gim nh
1. i vi khch hng:
1. Khi lng gim nh := s tnh tin.
2. Cht lng G: gi LPG theo t l C3/C4, p sut :=an ton, TP: kh nng chy, nhit
tr...
2. i vi nh SX:
1. SP phi c thng hiu mnh, c cht lng tt (tiu chun cht lng, SP phu hp tiu
chun): KS cht lng theo TC cng b.
2. KVT mun SX c lng LPG ti a, nhng phi m bo cht lng cng b: KQ
G l u vo SX.
3. m bo ATPC, tun th cc quy nh khi lm vic trong KVT


Ly do phi gim st gim nh (tip)
3. i vi gim nh:
1. Ti hin trng:
1. GV s lm tt cho nhanh, mt thi gian, tn cng sc (ly mu);
2. G c th thng ng vi ch phng tin hoc khch hng c tinh o sai lch kt qu theo
hng c li cho khch hng;
3. Mt s GV tay ngh cn yu, cha c k nng, hay gp sai xt.
2. Ti hi s:
1. Di tr, khng lm nhng vn gi kt qu ma thu tin;
2. Khng tun th ng quy nh, tit gim chi ph (trang thit b, ha cht tiu hao, cng tc hiu
chun, kim nh v so cheo)
3. Nhm ln trong vic pht chng th.
Ly do phi gim st gim nh (tip)
1. Gim st cng tc ly mu:
X mu trn ng ng dn mu ca tu: trong ng ng ny cha mu ca chuyn hng trc, nu
khng x b thi khi ly mu, lng mu ny s vo binh, lm sai lch kt qu o t trng v phn tch
thnh phn. (tu Aquamarine thng 4/2006).
Trng binh ng mu: vi binh mu LPG dung quay vng nn trc khi np mu cn trng cho sch, mt
khc trng mu cn lm tng nhanh qu trinh ly mu (khi trng lm v binh lnh, p trong binh s thp,
mu vo nhanh hn).
Mu phi ly u c 2 bn: c mt mu i din cho c chuyn hng (LPG c bm t rt nhiu bullet,
sn phm trong cc bullet ny c sn xut trong cc ngy khc nhau Dinh C).
Nim phong, ghi nhn: nhn din mu khi phn tch v lu, khi tranh chp
Th kn: nu r r: mt an ton chy n, hao ht mu khng phn tch v quan trng nht l thnh
phn mu b sai lch dn n kt qu phn tch sai (thng phn nh d mt hn).
Hnh minh ha

Ly do phi gim st gim nh (tip)
Gim st cng tc o tnh:
o nhit
Cng thc tnh khi lng: weight in air = V
15
*(D
15
-0.0011);
V
15
: ph thuc barem (s liu nh sn xut a ra, mp mo trong
qu trnh s dng), mc lng (cch rt thc, c gi tr, mc
chnh xc ca thc), p sut (mc chnh xc ca ng h, cch
t mt c gi tr, n v o), nhit (thit b o, v tr), t trng
v thnh phn. (chi tit xem v d minh ho).

Quy nh ca kvt lin quan n g
1. Hp ng gim nh
2. Hng dn iu tra chnh lch: KTSX.CAM.007.02
3. QT kim sot cc SP khng phu hp
NCPT.CAM.007.03;
4. QT phi hp thc hin H G NCPT.CAM.007.04
5. QT qun ly cht lng ca cc n v thnh vin
NCPT.CAM.007.06
6. QT phi hp thc hin H G KTSX.CAM.007.011
7. Cc hng dn phn tch cc ch tiu cht lng lin
quan.
Hp ng gim nh:
1. Trch nhim ca cc bn trong cng tc gim nh (iu 4 v 5);
2. Ch th giao nhim v thc hin H
3. Cng tc ly mu.
4. Phng php o tnh khi lng;
5. Phn tch cc ch tiu cht lng, tiu chun phn tch;

HD.007.002: hng dn iu tra (Vit check li)

1. Nhn s khng c trong hp ng
2. Thit b ca gim nh (chng ch, cn c c, tnh nguyn vn thit b o, chnh
xc)
3. Thit b ca o ca tu/CPP (chng ch, cn c c, tnh nguyn vn thit b o,
chnh xc)
4. Phng php ly mu khng ng tiu chun
5. Kt qu phn tch cc ch tiu thnh phn khng hp ly
6. Khng x ly kt qu o (hiu chnh kt qu theo chng ch)
7. So snh kt qu o ca D
PTN
/D
G
/D
meter
Quy trinh tnh ton sai: nhp s liu, tra s
liu, p dng cng thc lin quan n th tch, nhit lng/hi, t trng, VCF,
WCF)
8. Thi gian ch n nh lng ca bn/tu sau khi dng bm khng
9. Chnh lch nhit gia v y ca bn tu cao khi mc nhn ca tu thp
10. Chnh lch khi lng gia cng xp v cng d
11. iu kin thi tit lc o tu (sng, gi to) , cn tu
Chnh ME-G

Cng tc vn hnh
Nhp sai s liu
Cha in lng, reset
batch, line up tuyn ng
khng ng, ing.
Lu lng xut khng
ng lu lng proving
Lu lng xut khng n
nh, trip bm

Cc nguyn nhn khc

Cng tc gim nh


Thit b
T.b ca gim nh/bn
k0 chnh xc, k0 ph hp
T.b ca gim nh/bn
ht hn kim nh

Con ngi /quy trnh
Ly mu sai p.p, khng
ng quy nh trong hp
ng
P.tch khng ng tiu
chun trong hp ng
Kt qu sai, nhn s
khng ng trong hp
ng
Quy trnh tnh ton
khng ph hp.

Thit b ca Cng
H thng metering trc
trc (mt ngun, sensor)
Cc thng s ci t
khng hp l (di o, p
sut)
Cc thng s b tri (im
zero, MF. DF)

Tc ng bi yu t bn
ngoi (rung, thi tit)

R r do van passing,
ng ng bc
Vit: thay th tiu chun c s mi
Cc li ca gim nh
1. Gim nh khng phn tch cc ch tiu nhng vn bo co, thu tin
2. Gim nh vo nhm s liu
3. Gim nh tnh sai n v o
4. Cng tc ly mu khng i din
5. Thay i nh thu ph khng bo co
6. Gim nh n tr, vng mt
7. Pht vi phm hp ng
XIN CHN THNH CM N!