Geometri c tolerances

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GEOMETRI C TOLI RANCI NG SYMBOLS
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COAxI ALI TY/ CO. . ENTRTCTTY
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MAXI MJM r . r r I f , RI AL COnJOl Tl Ol . l
INTRODUCTIOI\
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Thi s gui do i s i nt ended
f or. uss i n Product l on
snd 0ual i t y areas-
' I t
i l l usLraLe: and
lnterprets the Geometric
Toloraneing
Symbols used on drawings.
More detai l ed i nstn:cti onr
for desi gners ara
gi ven i n 5l -l -5
' Geomoi ri c
Tol aranci ngr'
RELATED STANDARDS
5l -l -l Gl oesary of Drawi ng
Practi ce Torms
5I-]-4 Engi neeri ng Drawi ng
Practi ce
51-J-5 Geomatri s Tol eranci ng
5l -l -6 Oaturns
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ROUNDNESS
EXAMPLE
INTERPRETATION
t .
The ent i r e per i pher y at t he consi der ed cr osi
secl i on, r nust l i e wi i ni n a [ ol er ance zone 0, 0J-
' wi de,
t he annul ar zone bei ng f or med by t wo
coneent r i c ci r cl es whose r adi i di f f er by 0' 01'
Note
Roundnes$ can onl y be t r ul y measur ed on a
roundness rne asuri nq i nst rument .
The use of vees or cenl r es i n coni unct i on
wi t h an
i ndi eat i ng devi ce al ways br i ngs i n f acl or s whi ch
det r act f r om t he t r ut h of t he measur emenl '
EXAHPTE
.
0l o3
I OL ZONE
ir
CYLI NDRI CI TY
EXAMPLE
I NTERPRETA TI ON
r he consi r t e r ed sur f aee r nt r sl be
" " " , 1, 10, . |
bel ween t wo coax. i al cyl i nder s, t he r adi i of whi ch
di f f er by 0, 0/ t .
No [ e
Cyl i ndr i ci t y i s di f f i cul t t o measur e i n pr act i ce,
but can. be ver i f i ed by measur i nq Roundness,
St r ai ght ness and Par al l el i sm separ at el y.
0, 0 r .
. 0 L Tot l ox6
1
I PROFI LE OF A LII.E
EXAMPLE
I NTERPRETATI ON
T RUE
---
---F- - -
0r l 5
PROFI LE
The l i ne must t l i e whol l y wi Lhi n a Lol er ance zone
0, 15 wi de equal l y di sposed abou{ I he per f ect
pr o f i l e.
The l ol er ance i s
ot her wi se shown.
al ways bi l at er al unl ess
I NDI CATI ON OF UNI LATERI AL
TOLERANCE
The l i ne r nust l i e whol l Y wi t hi n a
0r I 5 t ol er ance zone cor nPl et el Y
di sposed on l he i ndi cat , ed si de' of
t he per f ect pr of i l e.
101. zoHE
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PROFILE OF A SURFACE
EXAMPLE
I NTERPRETATI ON
Z0 l 0)03
The sur f ace musI l i e whol l y wi t . hi n t he 0r 0J
l ol er ance zone nor mal t o t he per f eqt pr of i l e.
Tol er ance i s al ways bi l at er al unl ess o[ her wi se
sh o wn.
I NDI CATI ON OF UNI LATERAL TOLERANCE
Uni l al er al [ ol er ance may be i ndi ca[ ed i n l he
same way as f or Pr of i l e of a Li nei see page 5
f aci ng.
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EXAMPLE
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I NTERPRETATI ON
F| l { O' or }l Ax
rot lc' -
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or o
The sur f ace r nust l i e whol l y
bet ween t wo pl anes 0, 01
apar t par ai l e|
wi t h t he
dat um sur f ace-
SURFr gg
PERPENDI CULARI T
Y
( SCUNRENEss)
EXAMPLE
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INilFffirflqrArrCIN
I NTERPRETATI ON
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Iot ?oNf
otru u
9URFACE
The surf ace must l i e
whol l y wi t hi n
t wo
per al l e I p l anes 0, 0 J
apar t per pendi cul ar
I o
t he Dat um Sur f ace.
The axi s of Lhe f eat ur e
must l i e whol l y
wi Lhi n a
eyl i nder
0, 0 J di a
per pendi cul ar
t o t he
Dat r r m Ax i s.
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PARALLf LI SM
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X, AMPLE
J7]./ffio;EfAl
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6H
I NTERPRE TA TI ON
The t ol er anced
a x i s r nt 1s t l i e
whol l y w i t h i n a
cy l i nder 0, 0 I di a
par al l el wr t h t he
Dat um Ax i s.
ANGULARI TY'
EXAMPLE
L/
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INTERPRETATION
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OrYt
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oAIUll suRFAcE
The sur f ace must l i e whol l y bet ween t wo par al l el
pl anes
0, 01 apar t at t he speci f i ed angl e l o t he
Dat um Surf ace.
trOsITION
EXAMPLE
INTERPRETATION
0, 03 T0L. zoHE
The cent r e of l he t ol er anced
wi t hi n a zone 0, 0J di a wi Lh
exact posi t i on i ndi eal ed
D I me ns i ons.
f eat ur e must f al l
i t s cent r e i n [ he
by t he Boxed
f i arat
I r
COAXI ALI TY/ CONCEN
T R CI TY
EXAMPLE
I NTERPRETATI ON
' r n
Cyl l nder 0, O3 dl r "
Dr t ur n exl r
The axi s of t he t ol er anced f eat ur e must f al l
wi t hi n
a cy, l i ndr i cal
zone 0, 0] di a coaxi al wi t h
t he dat um axi s.
SYMMETRY
E XAMPLE
I NTERPRETA TI ON
I OL ZONS
g.
1
OAI U} . 1
DAI U }1
The medi an pl ane of Lhe sl ot mr r st f al l bel ween
t wo par al l eI pl anes 0, 1 epar t , equi di st ant on
ei t her si de o' f Lhe dat um axi s.
D I AI { E
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TOTAL RUNOUT
EXAMPLE
Ll l o,
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LJ l o, os l n
I NTERFRETATI ON
F I M 0, 1 uAx
o ro5
f{AX
0. , 1 MAx
l u
l u
The Lol er ance
f ul l i ndi cat or
of revol ut i ons
t he i ndi cat or
cont our.
gi ven i s t he maxi mum per mi ssi bl e
movement ( FI M)
dur i ng a number
about t he dal um axi s, dur i ng whi ch
i s Lr aver sed al ong t he speci f i ed
I 5
RUNOUT
EXAMPLE
/ l ol l a
I NTERPRETATI ON
F I I ' { 0 , 1 MA. {
I u 0, 05 ul x
2
l U 0
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The
t ol er ance
gi ven i s t he maxi r num per mi ssi bl e
nadi al
or axi al var i at . i on
of a posi Li on
dur i ng one
r evol ut i on
about t he Dat um Axi s,
. , vi l hout
axi al
rnovgrnent.
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DATUM TARGET
Poi nt s, l i nes, or l i mi t ed ar eas on t he wor kpi ece
t o be used f or cont . act wi t h t he r nanuf act ur i ng
and i nspeet i on equi pr nent Lo def i ne [ he r equi r ed
dat um or t o sat i sf y t he f un[ i onal r equi r ement s.
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Dat um Poi nt s Al , AZ & Al est abl i sh Dat um A
Ref er al so t o 51- J - 6' Dat umsf
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t ums ar e l i ns3, poi nt s or cl i r l *, used as a base
r neasui er nent s. Gener al l t ' , . neasur ement s
ar e
t ade f rom t he surf aces of maeni nes or
[ E" " . i " g
i nst r ument s i n cont act wi t h e f eat ur e
'
t he oar t , known as l he dat um f eat t r r e,
f eat ed on t he drawi ng
t ums may al sc be i magi nar y f eat ur es, such as
ar i s, or a poi nE f i xed by boxed di mensi ons.
et ums ar e i ndi cat ed by, a t r i angl e and mav be
l ant i f i ed by a r ef er ence l et t er as shown t - l el ow.
Ref er al so t o 5l
- J - 6
' Dat r r ms ,
PROJECTED TOLERANCE
A Pr oi ect ed Tol er ance Zone i s one whi ch i s
si Luat ed a[ some di st ance f r or n t he consi der ed
f eaf l rre so i l rat f he proi ect i on of a f asl ener (or
ot her f eal ur e) l ocat ed by t he consi der ed f eat ur e
( t hr ead, pr ess f i t , hol e et c. ) upon i nst al l at i on wi l l
have adequat e per pendi cul ar i t y conl r ol over i bs
l engt h beyond engagement
8,.01A'33
Tha axh of cach hol o shetl fal l wi [hi n a
eyl l ndar 0.02 dl smotcr, thc sxl s of
' ..rhi ch
i s i n
thc cxact spoclflad poaltton and parpcndlcular
to tha datum rtrrf ectl axtondlng 40mrn
thercfrom.
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MAXIMUM
MATERIAL CONIDTTION
Maxi mum ma t er i al condi t i ' on
@
i s $r st eondi Li on
at B par [ or f eat ur e wher ei n i t cont ai ns t he
maxi mum smount of mel er i al .
Fdr exampl e: Mi nl mqm Si ze Hol e
Maxl mur n Sl ze Shaf t
The use of f he
@
pr i nci pl e el l ows an i ncr esse l n
t he speci f i ed f ee[ ur e t ol er ance by I ndl cat i ng [ hat
l he t ol ar snce appl i es t o t he f aat ur e onl y at i t s
rrrx i mum ma l eri al condi t i oru
Tf r e
@
condi t i on concept may be eppl i ed Lo:
5[ r ai ght ness Par al l el i sm
Per pendi cul er i l y Angul ar i [ y
Posi t i on
5yrnmeLry
Coax i al i t y/ Concen[ r i c i t y
When eppl i ed Lo a f eaLur e
( Hol e
Sl ot eLc) but not
t o a pl ane sur f ace or l i ne on a sur f ace.
The@c ondi t i on msy be appl i ed, t o B daLum
f eat ur e.
.^
The
Qf
condi Li on msy no t be appl i ei d Lot
Fl et ness Roundness
Cyl i ndr i ci l y Runout
Pr of i l e o f a Li ne Tot al Runou t
Pr of i l e of a 5ur f ece
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