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 : . , 2008

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92

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127

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 : . , 2008

139

142

144

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166

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178

181

183

 : . , 2008

186

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194

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 : . , 2008

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 : . , 2008

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. , 1899
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10

 : . , 2008

, [2, . 16].
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, , , ) [4].
,
. , :

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. ,
,
.

, ,
., ,
, ,
. .
, , . , ,
, ... [1, . 60].
(Cat in the rain)
. ,
, . ,
,
.
. ,
: ,
,
, .
,
the American wife, the wife. , .
,
, .
. ,
, .
I want a cat.
,
. ,
.
, , ,
- . The wife liked the hotel-keeper. She liked
the deadly serious way... ,
.
,
11

 : . , 2008

.
:
, , .
,
,
.
,
. , ,
, .
, ,
, .

, .

1. . . .: ., 1984. 224 .
2. . // . 2000.
2. . 56-61.
3. Text, Reader, Critic. English & Media Centre, 2000
4. http://http://lib.rin.ru

-
. . ., . ..
:
( )
, , .
, ,
.
.
,
.

,
.


, .

.
. .

12

 : . , 2008

, [3, . 81].
. , ,
- ,
. , ,
Howre you,
. ,
,
,
, .
.
,
(Im fine),
.
, ,
: ,
.
,
[2, . 172].

, ,
.


.
[3, . 82-83]. : Good morning, Mrs. Aird.
Good morning, Mrs. Ishak. And what a lovely day it is! (Pilcher).

,
.
, ,
(positive politeness) (negative politeness).
,
. ,
I would really like it if you would shut the door
, .
Shut the door .

: Good morning, Good afternoon .
, ,
: Freddie, Marry, Tom. ,
.
:
. , ,
,
13

 : . , 2008

,
.
, ,
,
: You look to be in a good shape, Cassie, even of being
thirty-two will make you a little long in the tooth for child-bearing.
Thanks a lot! (Elmblad).
, ,
.
, , ,
.
, ,
.
, .

1. .
// : V . . . 16-18
. 2003 / . . .. : - .
.. . 189-191.
2. . . .
.: , 1993. 212 .
3. . : . : -
-, 1987. 128 .
4. Elmblad M. Changes and Chances. Ivy Books, 1990. 406 p.
5. Pilcher R. September. New English Library, 1990. 616 p.
6. Steel D. Safe Harbour. Corgi Books, 2004. 432 p.



. ..

,
,
,
, .
,
[2, . 408].
,
. ,
, .
14

 : . , 2008

,
, .
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,
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15

 : . , 2008

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.

1. . . .: , 1999. 287.
2. . .:
, 1998. 408 .


. ..
..., . ..


,
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( ) .
..
16

 : . , 2008

- ();
- ();
- ()

[1, . 32].

(, , )
.



-, ,

.
.: .: Von seiner Seite war es glhende Liebe.
Glhende
Liebe
1.
1.
2. ,
2.
3.
3.

(Norbert Niemann Wie
mans nimmt).
,
.
, ,
. .
,
[2, . 32].
, ,
.
.
,
.
, :
1. Der hliche Kopf einer ssser Barbiepuppe, aus dem statt der zu
erwartenden hohen Fltentne heisere Alptraummelodien herauskommen [2, .
37]. ( ,
).

2. Und Schnlein knnte sich bei einem sehr lstigen visionren Vorsto in
17

 : . , 2008

die allernchste Zukunft brllen hren[2, . 37] ( ,

, ,
).

3. In diese glitschige Ekelhaftigkeit ihres Un-Wesens hineingreifen, Lisa

berhren knnen, Lisa formen [2, . 39] (
, , ).

, ,

4. Denk dir, nervse, hektische, kratzige Stecken, wie von hinten, wie
pltzlich von hinten auf der Haut deines Rckens[2, . 39] ( ,
, , , ,
).

, (
/ ),
,
,
.

1. .
. : , 1992. 78 .
2. Niemann N. Wie mans nimmt: Auszug //
?. . -, 1999. . 32-41.
3. http://www.norbert-niemann.de
4. http:// www.slovnyk.net/ - 37k -

18

 : . , 2008

..
. . ..

- ,
,
.
, , , .
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, ,
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.
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90
- .
200 ,

. [2]
. [3].
,
,

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. , ,
, ,
-,
( ,
).
, , , ,
.
19

 : . , 2008

,


, [1, . 31].
, ,
, , ,
:

-er, -ler,-ner, -ling -at, -ent, -ant,

-eur, -ar, -or, -r : Angestellter, Arbeitgeber, Arbeitsdirektor,
Befrachter, Brsenmakler, Glubiger, Freimakler, Tischler, Lehrling, Kandidat,
Remittent, Kassier, Kommissionr, Akzeptant, Aufsichtsrat, Aktionr,
Regierungsprsident;

-e, -er, -sel, zeug- -ator, -at

, : Leuchte, Kipper, Stpsel, Hebel,
Rektaklausel, Generator, Multiplikator, Aggregat, Automat;

-e, -ei, -er, -nis, -schaft, -tum

-age, -ion , : Automatisierung, Minderung, Bewertung,
Berufsgenossenschaft, Inbetriebnahme, Ergebnis, Wachstum, Kursfeststellung,
Lieferung, Marktwirtschaft, Amortisation, Konzession, Drainage, Konzentration,
Investition, Fusion, Divisionskalkulation;

-e, -heit, -keit, -igkeit -ismus,

-ment : Lnge, Menge, Arbeitslosigkeit, Krze,
Wirksamkeit, Raffinement, Indossament, Keynesianismus, Konnossement,
Realignment;

-schaft, -tum, -heit, -gut, -werk, -zeug

-ie, -ar : Aktiengesellschaft,
Gemeinschaft, Eigentum, Staatsgut, Werkzeug, Handwerk, Brgschaft, Fahrzeug,
Industie, Mobiliar, Inventar, Makrooknomie;

-e, -ei, -sel, -nis, -ung, -werk

tt- , : Analyse, Erzeugnis, Ladung,
Produktivitt, Konvertibilitt, Liquiditt;

-e, -ei, -nis, -ling, -ade, -tt, -at

, : Barreserve, Bleiche, Schweierei, Behltnis, Bedrfnis, Annuitt,
Ballustrade, Kombinat;

ber-, fehl- :
Fehlfabrikat, Fehlanzeige, Fehlbestand, Fehlbetrag, Fehldruck, berlast,
Fehlkonstruktion, Fehleinschtzung, beralterung, berbestand, berdruck,
berfeinheit, berhrtung, berinvestitionen;

haupt-, hoch-, maximal-

,
,
,
:
Hauptverbraucher,
Haupttriebkraft, Hauptsttze, Hauptabnehmer, Hauptauftragnehmer, Hauptdse,
Hochglanz, Maximalprofit, Maximalwert, Maximalstrom, Hochdruckleitung,
Hocherhitzung, Hochleistung, Hochspannungsleitung;

20

 : . , 2008

mini-, mikro- ,
: Minimaldruck, Mikrowelle, Mikroprozessor, Mikrocomputer,
Minipreis, Miniformat;

ge-, mit- :
Miteigentmer, Mitbesitzer, Mitarbeit, Mitbegrnder, Mithilfe, Mitschnitt,
Mitfahrgelegenheit, Mitgliedsausweis, Mitgliedsbeitrag;

auf-, neben- , :
Aufkauf, Aufkommen, Aufladung, Aufriss, Aufschlagverlust, Aufschlagwechsel,
Aufputschmittel, Aufwand, Nebenrad, Nebeneffekt, Nebenerwerb, Nebenverdienst,
Nebengebude, Nebenbetrieb, Nebenprodukt, Nebenkosten;

di- : Dipol, Dioxyd;

syn- , :
Synthese, Synchrongetriebe, Syntheseprodukt;

-werk : Bauwerk, Gaswerk,

Stahlwerk, Elektrizittswerk, Tragwerk, Flechtwerk;

-einheit , :
Whrungseinheit, Gewichtseinheit, Maeinheit, Lngeneiheit, Rechnungseinheit.
,


, ,
,
.

1. . -
// : . .
. ., 2000. .. . 2. .2. . 262-269.
2 Mhlbradt F. Wirtschaftslexikon. Berlin, 2002.
3. Rathmayr R. Fachwrterbuch Marktwirtschaft. Kyiv, 2004.



. . ., . ..


, : ,
, .
.
, ,
, .
: )
21

 : . , 2008

; ) (); )
.
: bits and pieces (. )
; rags and tatters (. ) ;
fuss and bother (. ) .
: , , , ,
.
: , ,
, , .
..

( ) [1, . 67].
, ,
,
, .
, [1, . 15-16].
: to aid and abet (. ) -
:
You seem to assume that I am going to aim and abet you in fooling about
with his contraption (J. Wain).
.

(phrases containing a repeated element),
, -
. ,
[2, . 76].
,
, .
.. .
,
.
, , ..,
[1, . 46]. , . ,
:
, /
; / (. ).
, -,

. ,
[3; 4; 5;
6].
: to come and to go ; to give and to
take .
22

 : . , 2008

,
.
, .

1. . . :
,2003. 144 .
2. Cowie A., Mockin R., McCaig I. Oxford Dictionary of English Idioms.
2000. 685 .
3. .
// . .: , 2002.
. 357-369.
4. .
// : .. , 1977. . 50-56.
5. ., . //
. . 1980. 1. . 34-37.
6. .
. ., 1971. 140 .


..
. . ..


. (. 1937
.), ,
(1967 .), 1990 .
,
, ,
, .
, , ,
,
, . ,
. (
) ,
, , ,
: Blood is compulsory theyre all blood, you see [3, . 16].
, ,
, , :
We keep to our usual stuff, more or less, only inside out. We do on stage the
things that are supposed to happen off. Which is a kind of integrity, if you look on
every exit being an entrance somewhere else [3, c. 13].
23

 : . , 2008

,
, , ,
, :
, , , .
,
, ,
, ,
- , ,
. ,
, ,
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[2, . 164-166]) .
,
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, .
.
:
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.
,
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. , ,
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[1, c. 7].
.
(,
, ,
) ,
,
24

 : . , 2008

, , ,
. ,
.
, ,
, ,
.
.
, .
,
,
( ,
--, , ).
,
.

1. .
. : . ... . . : 10.01.04 /
. -. , 2006. 18 .
2. . //
: / . . . .. .: Intrada, 2004. 560 .
3. Stoppard T. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead. NY: Grove Press,
1994. 126 p. // www.lib.ru/PXESY/STOPPARD/_g_ engl.txt


.
. . ., . ..

. -

.
.
.

,
,
.
[1, . 77]. ,

, .
,
, , , , , ,
25

 : . , 2008

, .. ,
.
,
, : , , ,
, .

.
-s (tables, theatres).
, ,

(more beautiful, bigger, more wisely).
,
,
,
,
,
,
. (-, mono-, di-, -, poly-, -let, -ie, etc.: unilateral,
monogram, polyyclic, lassie, rivulet, litransitive) [3, c. 85].

. .
, pair, couple, dozen, score, , ,
, :
quadruple , doubly , sevenfold
.
: both, each, other all, one,
another, between among, mutual
common, general.
some, few, little, many, much, several, indifferent [2, c. 124].
( of tea, a
peck of troubles, an ounce of love) (When two Sundays meet together) [1,
c. 77].
: He earns
as much as 200 roubles. He earns as little as 200 roubles. I have received as few
as 5 postcards. I have received as many as 5 postcards [2, c. 129].
,
,
.

1. . -
. . . : 10.02.04. , 2001. . 76-80.
2. ., . . (
) // . 1985. 4. . 122130.
3. . ,
. .: , 1981. 144 .

26

 : . , 2008

..
. . ..


,
,
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,
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.

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,

27

 : . , 2008

,
[4, . 37].
,
,
, ,
[4, . 37].

,
, .
:
-

;
,
;

;
;

;

,
;
,
,
;
, ,
.
,
, [1,
. 17].
, ,
.
,
,
.
,
,
, ,
.
. ,
, :
28

 : . , 2008

There may be; Im not at all sure if; As far as Im concerned; Its
very doubtful whether; You mean that dont you [1, . 21].

,
,
, , , [2, . 41].

.
.
. .
:
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. [3, . 35].
,
.
,
,
Internet ,
.
, ,
, ,
, ,
, .

, ,
,
.

1. ..
// . 2004. 7. . 16-23.
2. ..
// . 2004. 2. . 1218.
3. .. //
. 2000. 4. 36-41.
4. ..
// .
2001. 1. . 30-39.

29

 : . , 2008

-
. . ., . ..

.
. .:
,
, . , , , ,
.
, ,
.

..

. ,
:
, , ,
.
: :
. , , .
[1, . 59].
, .

, , : ,
. , ,
: !.. [1, . 47].
.
:
. .
.
, .
[1, . 13]. ,
;
, ,
.

: , , .
, , ! [1, . 69].
,
.
.
, , .
,
, ,
30

 : . , 2008

:
, -, , ,
,
[1, . 146].
. : <>
<...> <> <>
[1, . 68].
,
,
.
:
. .
[1, . 70].
: , .

: ,
<>
. , ,
, .

,
. ,
, : . ,
. . ,
[1, . 35].
.
,
, : ,
, . [1, . 117-118]; ,
, <> , ,
. [1, . 147].
, .
, .
.

, : , ,
, <...> .
[1, . 119].
, .
,
, ,
, .
.

31

 : . , 2008

1. .. . .: ,
1987. 148 .
2. .. 1. .: , 1986. 381 .
3. .. : . .: .
, 1965. 301 .
4. . .: ,
2000. 752 .



-
. . ., . ..




, ,
, :
[., .: 1; 2; 4].
,
, ,

() () [3, . 144].


.
[6, p. 41].

:
, ,
, .
, , -, , -,
, (,
, , ,
).
. ,
,
.
,
,
.

32

 : . , 2008

,
,
.
How dare you, sir, mentions that persons name before Angie today? I ask
you, sir, how dare you do it?
Stop, sir, said Clifford, dont say dare, sir. Dare isnt a word to be
used to a Captain in the British Army.
I shall say what I like to my son, sir. I can cut him off with a shilling if I
like. I can make him a beggar if I like. I will say what I like.
Im a gentleman though I am your son, sir, Clifford answered haughtily.
Any communications which you have to make to me, or any orders which you
may please to give, I beg may be couched in that kind of language which I am
accustomed to hear [5, p. 86].
-
:
;
,
.
,
.
: , , . :
...Hold your tongue... Ive been noticing these airs in you ever since you
got that tripos or whatever you call it... You! youve no heart. Oh, I wont bear it:
I wont put up with the injustice of it. What right have you to set yourself up
above me like this? You boast of what you are to me to me, who gave you the
chance of being what you are. What chance had I? Shame on you for a bad
daughter and a stuck-up prude! [7, p. 129].

- ,
.

1. . - -
(
): . .... . . :
10.02.04 / . . - . .. . ., 2006. 20 .
2. ., .
// In Statu Nascendi: . .
. . : , 2006. . 7. . 140-144.
3.
.

// .
- . 1999. 435. . 143-149.
4. . //
. 2006. 11(95). . 77-81.
33

 : . , 2008

5. Begley L. The Man Who Was Late. L.: Picador, 1993. 201 p.
6. Lee D. Frame Conflicts and Competing Contrails in Family Argument //
Journal of Pragmatics. 1997. 27. P. 38-58.
7. Mykel A.W. The Salamandra Glass. N.Y.: Bantam Books, 1993.
529 p.



. ..


.
, , ,
.
,
,
.

,
.

, ,
, ,
[2, . 33].
,

,
,

.
. ,
,
[1, . 192-194].

.
, . ,
,
, ,

, , .
,
81970 ,
:

communication (n) 25% ;

communicative (adj) 20% ;

34

 : . , 2008

communication theory 21% ;

communicant (n) 1% ;

communicator (n) 28% ;

communicational (adj) 5% .

. , , communicative
Adj + N , act, complex,
influence, component, function, sphere, structure, channel,
model, system, method, approach, aspect, project, status,
process, portrait, mechanism, management, period, course,
etiquette, motive, conflict, gesture, skill, argument, control,
syntax, resource, type, training, context, club, test, level,
variant . communicational
,
centre, server, adapter, service, portal, complex, software,
format, seminar, processor, module, sector, protocol, cable,
tunnel, object, cycle, interface, chip, corridor, site,
manipulation . , ,
.
communication , Adj + N
N + N. Adj
, , : verbal, nonverbal, crosscultural, effective, passive, political, direct, social, personal,
corporate, successful, intellectual, electronic, wireless, global,
international, formal ; N :
computer, Internet, language, street, mass, business, radio,
telephone. ommunication
subject/process/consequence/rules and norms of
communication.
. ,
communication, communicational, communicative
,
, , .
, , .
, , ,
. ,
, , ,
, .

[3, . 45].
, ,
- ,
, ,
, , ,
.

35

 : . , 2008

. , ,
, .

1. . // :
.
- 2002
. 1. : - , 2002. 597 c.
2. ., . //
: . .: ,
273 c.
3. .
// 2(8), ., 2001. 168 .


..
. ..


, .
.
Konjunktiv Prsens Konjunktiv Prteritum Konjunktiv I
Konjunktiv II.
. I (= die
Konjunktive des Prsens, des Perfekts und des Futur I) ,
, , ., II
, , .

,
XVII . ,
:
:
1. Sie kommen morgen.
2. Er kommt morgen.
I (Konjunktiv Prsens):
1. Sie kommen morgen.
2. Er komme morgen.
II (Konjunktiv Prteritum):
1. Sie kmen morgen.
2. II .
Konjunktiv Perfekt ( I) Konjunktiv
Plusquamperfekt ( II).
36

 : . , 2008

:
1. Sie haben die Oma besucht.
2. Er hat die Oma besucht.
I (Konjunktiv Perfekt):
1. Sie haben die Oma besucht.
2. Er habe die Oma besucht.
II (Konjunktiv Plusquamperfekt):
1. Sie htten die Oma besucht.
2. II .
Konjunktiv Prsens Prsens
. Konjunktiv Prsens
.
XIX
-est, -et -st, -t.
. Prsens (-ent
-en).
Konjunktiv Prsens .
, XIV
. wrde + .
. II (Konjunktiv
Prteritum, Prsens),
, (Wrdest du es wirklich
annehmen?), ,
Indikativ Prteritum: du kochtest; Konjunktiv Prteritum: du kochtest;
wrde: du wrdest kochen.
.
.
.
, : Ich mchte dich bald sehen =
. Es soll ein kalter Winter kommen = . Mchte
sich der Wunsch doch erfllen! = , . Du httest
sie doch besuchen sollen! = ,
II, Konjunktiv Plusquamperfekt.

1. . .
. : , 2004. 272 .
2. Ksters-Gensini S. Die Flexionsmorphologie im gesprochenen deutschen
Substandard. Tbingen, 2002. 295 S.
3. . . , 1976.
250 .

37

 : . , 2008

..
. . . ..



, .
[7, . 123].
,

[: 1, . 259]. ,
, ,
, [4, . 54].

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.
(),
, [8].
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[3].
.
(idealised cognitive model), .
,
[6, . 243].

: ,
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;
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, ;
, [2, . 2].


.
. , ,
38

 : . , 2008

,
: - , .

, , .

.
-
, .. [5].

Pirates of the Caribbean: the Curse of The Black
Pearl.
:

[pirates] [cursed, cut-throats] [steal, plunder, pillage]

[their skills, cleverness]

[in the sea]

[]

, :
, , ,
, .
: .
: pirates,
,
, .
C : fantastic,
entired body parts made completely of wood, cut-throats, beardy scallywags,
doubly-scary, cursed, dirty scurvy-dodging swabs.
:
.
:
steal, plunder, pillage, burn other peoples property, sailing, try to get rid from the
curse, get their hands on an ancient medallion, kidnap Elizabeth Swann.
:
, : steal, plunder, pillage,
burn other peples property; ,
: sailing, try to get rid from the
curse, get their hands on an ancient medallion, kidnap Elizabeth Swann.
: in the sea.

: their skills, cleverness .
,
.

, .
,
. ,
: .
39

 : . , 2008

, :
. ,
,
, ,
.
. ,
.
:
1. . //

LIMGUAPAXVIII. . . .
2002. . 6. . 258-262.
2. .

// http//ito.icc.melitopol.net/stat/12.html.
3. . // http:www.infolex.ru/Cs27.html.
4. . //
. : .
: , 2006. . 53-55.
5. .. : //
. . . .
1999. .11. . 12-25.
6. Lakoff G. Women, Fire and Dangerous Things. What Categories Reveal
about the Mind. Chicago and London: the University of Chicago Press, 1987.
614 p.
7. . . .: ,
1979. 148 .
8. // hhtp: // www.
poglyad.com/article/559/.
9. ( ) . http://uk.wikipedia.org/ wiki/
%D0% A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC
.


. . ..


,
,
, ,
. ,
.
40

 : . , 2008

,
.
. (1964, 1970),
.
. (1940), .
(1969); . (1985),
. (1961), . (2003); . (1999), . (2001), . (2003);
.. (1964), . (1974);
- . (1980).
.

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[2, . 67].
.

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.
.
.

41

 : . , 2008

, ,
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should worry! ?
?
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Take it or leave it! !
Agree my Aunt Fanny! !

, .

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, ,
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.
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1. .
// - . . II
. . 7-9 . 1999 . . 2 .: , 1999. . 3-4.
2. . : . . . . .:
Academia, 2001. 204.

. . ..
42

 : . , 2008

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(., ., ., ., . ).
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[1, . 183].
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43

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2. : . . II /., . . .
.: . , 1982. 680 .
3. . -
//
-
. ., 1999. . 51-55.
4. - . -
// . 1999. 13. . 122-126.



44

 : . , 2008

..

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, -
(..).
, [5, . 358].
.
, , (..).

.
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[6, . 62].


, .
: 1)
195 , 4000
; 2)
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30],
[4, . 42].
45

 : . , 2008

: one
(first), two (second), three (third), four, five, six (sixth), seven (seventh), eight,
nine, ten, eleven, twelve, twenty, thirty, forty, hundred, thousand.

1.
1

- -
.
.
. (%)
90
42,9%

One (first)

47

22,4%

12
10

5,7%
4,8%

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wisdom, woman
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10

4,8%

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6
7

Two
(second)
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Three
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Six (sixth)
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8
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10

Twenty

1,9%

Human, life, truth, wisdom

11

Eleven

1,4%

Law, time

12

Five

0,9%

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13

Eight

0,9%

Time

14

Thirty

0,9%

Human, life

15

Forty

0,9%

Human, life, wisdom

16

Thousand

0,9%

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17

Twelve

0,5%

Law

210

100%

3
4
5

Fortune, human, morals, time, the whole,

wisdom

1. . - . . .:
, 1969. 1052 .
2. . - ' .
. :
, 2004. 416 .
3. .
,
// . 44. :
(). : . ., 2002. . 146150.
46

 : . , 2008

4. . //
. 2006. 4. . 41-53.
5. .. -
// : 70- .
..: . . .: , 2004. . 358-367.
6.

..

( ): .
.: , 2005. 472 .


..
. . ..

1970- .,
.
1970-1980- .
, .
: 1)
, ,
; 2)
.
:
,
,, ;

;
, , ;
,
;
[3, .40].

,
, .
,
: How are you, sir? ( , ?),
What is up, dude? ( , ?).
, , ,
: Ladies and gentleman ( !)
; My lord! , ; Officer! ; Father
; Professor ; Waiter / Waitress / Porter /
Nurse [2, c. 12].
47

 : . , 2008

, , .
,
. , ,
, , (,
, ).
:
1) -, 2) -, 3) .
-
, .
American English (AmE) and British
English (BrE): to prepare / to ready; shop / store; garden / yard; football / soccer;
holidays / vocations; single ticket / one way ticket; candy / sweets; baby carriage /
pram; sidework / pavement; pants / undershirts.

Past Simple Tense Present Perfect Tense.
- : ouch
; yach -; woah ,
.
-
(, , ,
) , , ,
, - ,
, .
- -
,
. ,
: That hat looks good on
you, The dinner was delicious, Your child is cute [4, . 20].

.
, , ,
, .

. good morning, good afternoon, good evening
, ,
; morning / afternoon / evening ,
; hello [2, c. 15].

:
I. Choose the best answer:
1. When you meet someone whom you know only slightly (in the morning) you say:
a) How do you do?
b) Good morning.
c) Hello.
2. When you meet an acquaintance at about 12.30 p.m. you say:
48

 : . , 2008

a) Good morning.
b) Good afternoon.
c) Good day.
3. When you come into a room where there is a group of your fellow-students, you
say:
a) Hello!
b) Hello, everybody!
c) Morning.
II. Greet the following people
1) a clothe friend called Andrew;
2) an eldery neighbour at 3 p.m.;
3) a colleague whom you know only slightly, at 10 a.m.;
4) your parents, on arriving home in evening;
5) your sister Helen;
6) a shop assistant;
7) your doctor, to whom you have come far an examination [2, c. 17].

. :
;

;
;
;

;
;
[1, c. 58].

1. ., . : .
. . . .: , 1989. 128 .
3. .
/ . // . . 19.
. 2007. 3. .39-56.
4. .
// . 2007. 2. .17-23.


. ,
. .
..


,
, , ,
, .
49

 : . , 2008

- .
.
, :
,
. ,
, [3, . 3-4].
minute, hour, month, year.

.
,
,
, ,
.. [4: 43-44].

. ,
. 24-hours, month, year,
, .
, : hour,
minute, second, , .

. ,
, .
[2, . 3].
- .
() . a second, minute, hour,
day, nigh, year , , ,
. , .
: , mn. 1 = 60 = 1/60 = 1/1440
. (: , h) .
24 (1440 , 86400 ).
, .. : It seemed to her that Tom had shed the
years so that he was become not only in age Rogers contemporary [1, . 155];
She gave him another sort of smile, just a trifle roguish; she lowered her eyelids
for a second and then raising them gazed at him for a little with that soft
expression that people described as her velvet look [1, . 19]; It was a beautiful
day, clear, warm and sunny [1, . 129]; It often seemed to her that she was two
persons, the actress, the popular favourite, the best-dressed woman in London,
and that was a shadow; and the woman she was playing at night, and that was
the substance [1, . 157].

1. .. . .
: , 2006, 360.
2. ., . . .:, 1989. 128.
50

 : . , 2008

3. . : (
). .: , 1982. 128.
4. C., . ( ):
. : , 2006. 224.


.
.
.


, , ,
. ,
(1970), .
. (1980), . . (1982).
: ,
.

, , ,
[2, c. 34-38].
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) [3, c. 109-111]:
1)
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;
2)
,

; ( ,
, ; ;
); 3)
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.,
; 4)
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.
51

 : . , 2008

,
() .
[1,
c. 65-70].
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: ; ;
.
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, , ,

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[3, c. 57-60].

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.
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, .
.
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.
.

1. ., .
//
. 2006. 2. .22-27.
2. .
// . 2002. 1 (864). .63-65.
3. Common European Framework of Reference For Languages: Learning,
Teaching, Assessment. Cambridge: CUP, 2001. 260 p.

52

 : . , 2008

. . ., . ..



, .
, ,
,
.

.., .., .., .., ...

,
.
,
.
-
, .
.
, ,
,

[1, c. 83].
, ,
, ,
,
, - ,
. , -
, ,
, , ,
[2, c. 98].
,
For Whom the Bell Tolls,
.

, Young King, Fisherman and His Soul Star-Child.
500 .
.
art, hast, spake, sayest,
cometh:
Thou hast a human soul.
Will not let thee go save thou makest me a promise.
And a man came out of the crowd and spake bitterly to him, and said, Sir,
knowest thou not that out of the luxury of the rich cometh the life of the poor?.
What hast thou to do with us, and what we suffer?
53

 : . , 2008

nay, alack:
Nay, but God careth for the sparrows even, and feedeth them, he
answered.
Alack, alack, thou art mad, or hast eaten of some poisonous herb.
shouldst, wouldst:
Thou shouldst tarry in it?
Only thou wouldst send away thy soul, then could I love thee.
wroth (intensely angry),
trow (believe), beseeme (to be fitting), leman (sweetheart):
And others were wroth.
I trow not.
Put on the raiment that beseemeth a king.
Thy leman is lost, and thou shalt be lost with her.
thee, thou, thine, thy:
Little Mermaid, little Mermaid, I love thee. Take me for thy bridegroom,
for I love thee.

, :
I can show thee Death. What dye lack? What dye lack? Tell me thy desire,
and I will give it thee, and thou shalt pay me a price, pretty boy, thou shalt pay me
a price.
- :
Nay, answered the Hare, but as thou dealt with me, so I did deal with
thee.
. , ,
, , , , ,
, , .
, :
And he answered me: There is no god but this mirror that thou seest, for
this is the Mirror of Wisdom. And it reflecteth all things that are in heaven and on
earth, save only the face of him who looketh into it. This it reflecteth not, so that
he who looketh into it may be wise. Many other mirrors are there, but they are
mirrors of Opinion.
,
, ,
.
,
, :
, , ,
- .

1. ., ., .
. .: , 1991. 272 .
2. . : .
54

 : . , 2008

.: , 1992. 248 .
3. . . -: , 1994.
325.



. . ., . ..



, .
( )
,

. ,
[1, . 8].
,

[2, . 68], ,
. ( . tauto , logos
)
( , ,
, ),
, (. ,
, , , .
, , ,
, . nue renovieren - , neu erfinden , zuerst anfangen .).
[3, c. 56]. -

[4, c. 181; 5, c. 86]. , ,
.
,
, ,
[4, c. 181].
. ., ,
, /
: miles and miles , trees and trees
(. . ),
, ,
[2, c. 39]: ,
, , , , ,
. ,
55

 : . , 2008

. ,
, ,
: ,
, .
,

( ; , ;
; ; .) [6, c. 44].
,
, (
, , . .).
,
.
( , .;
.) [7, c. 25].
.
. : , ,
, , ...
.
:
. , ,
, , ,
, , , .
[8, c. 96]. ,
.

1. ., . -

// .
, 1989. . 17-22.
2. .
// :
. , 1979. . 46-50.
3. .
// . , 1970.
. 2. . 80-87.
4. .
// . . 9.
. ., 1977. . 6574.
5. .
//
: . , 2001. . 2. . 59-64.
6. .. //
56

 : . , 2008

III . , 1999. . 1. . 179-183.

7. . . :
, 2003. 144 .
8. . //
. 2003. 3 (18). . 12-18.
9. .
, : .
/ . , 2006. 19 .
10. .
( ) //
. .: , 1971. . 348-354.


..
. . .

. .
(,
) , .
:
, , ,
.
,
.
,
.

. ,
.
,

[2, . 45].
,
. 40
.
. ,

- . ,
. ,
, .

.
57

 : . , 2008

[4, . 35].
-, ,
XVIII XIX .
.
24
. XX .
.
(,
425 ),
. ,
,
.

: , ,
,
.
30-40-
(The Lone Ranger, The Shadow).
1913 2030 . (The Perils
of Pauline) [6], , -
, ,
,
. 50-
. ,
.
,
, (77 Sunset strip (1962-1965); Bonanza (1962-1966)).
, ,
, , ,
. ,
, . .
, -.
.
,
.
, .
,
, ,
, ,
.
,
,
. ,
. ,
, .
58

 : . , 2008

, , (, ,
), .
, , ,
, - ,
: , , .

:

: , , , ;

: , ;

: ;

: , , ;

: ' , [3, . 20].

, ,
.
.
( )
.
, , , , ,
.

1. Hurrelmann . Kindermedien nutzen. Weinheim: Juventa-Verl., 2003.

93 S.
2. Saxer U. Ordnung durch Medienpolitik? Konstanz: UVK-Verl.-Ges.,
2007. 72 S.
3. Schmidbauer M. Kinder und Fernsehen in Deutschland. Muenchen:
KoPaed-Verl., 2000. 82 S.
4. Schorb B. Jugendmedienschutz Praxis und Akzeptanz. Berlin: VistasVerl., 2001. 102 S.
5. www.akademie-kindermedien.de
6. de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinderfilm


..
. . ..



.

: ., .
(), .. (), .. ().
, ,
59

 : . , 2008

.

[1, . 2].

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,
.
. , , ,
.
[5, . 55].

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:
1)

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.

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[3, . 7].

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60

 : . , 2008

, ,
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,
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What can you do with a book (water, flower, ball etc.).
.
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[2, . 3].
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,
: 1) ; 2) ; 3) ;
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.

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(, ,
), [3, . 12-13].

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: 1) ,
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:

61

 : . , 2008

1) .
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,

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1. ..
// . 2005. 26
(108). . 2-4.
2. . // English language and
culture. 2006. 23-24 . 2-5.
3. //
. 2005. 1-3. . 5-17.
4. .
// . 2002. 3. .10-11.
5.
: . / . . ... .: ,
2002. 55 .



. . ..
.
,
. ,
62

 : . , 2008

.
, .
.
, -
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,
, , . XVIII .,
, XIX .

. 1925 , ..
- .
,
[3, c. 13].
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.
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[4, . 276]. ,
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63

 : . , 2008

.
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1. . : ; . . .. . .:
, 2003. 700.
2. . /. .. .
.: , 1979. 424 .
3. . 20- . , 1994.
4. . :
// . . .:
1975. . 234-407.
5. . //
XX . .: , 1993. . 319-349.
6. . XX . .:
, 1973. 534 .
7. . -
64

 : . , 2008

: // . 2004.
4. . 23-26.
8.
/ . .. : - ,
1984. 335 .
9. . // . 2002.
1 (261). . 39 41
10. . // .
2003. 6. .16 36
11. . .
--: , 2002. 319.
12. . : . .
-. .: . ., 1988. 528 .
13. : . . . . :
, 2001. 314 .


..
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.

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[1, . 18].
,
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.
:
, - [1, c. 19].
, .

(-, -, , , ).
,
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65

 : . , 2008

, , .
: 1) ; 2) ;
3) ; 4) ; 5)
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).
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,

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; 2) (
); 3) [3, . 24].
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66

 : . , 2008

:
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67

 : . , 2008

,
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1. ., .
// . 1989. 2. . 18-22.
68

 : . , 2008

2. ., . -
// .
1990. 6. . 3.
3. . // .
2000. 3. . 24-26.


.
. .., . .



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[5, . 77].
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. 23]. .
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69

 : . , 2008

.
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(., ., .,
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, [4, . 23].
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,

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.

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70

 : . , 2008

, , ()
, .
.

1. . : . .: , 1989. 380 .
2. . :
. :
- , 2002. 192 .
3. . . .: , 2006.
220 .
4. . : :
/ . . . . . .:
, 2004. 288.
5. . Homo ludens. / . .
.: -, 1992.


.
..


,
, ,
, .
,

, [2, c. 13].
() . ,
,
(absolute reason), (valid to all intents),
(to execute exclusive legislation) (generally accepted).

,
.
,
[1; 2].
, , , , .
,
, : bill of exchange, barter transaction, right to housing.
,
.
71

 : . , 2008

(standard act); (salary

bonus system); (second-hand goods commission sale).

+ (A+N): absolute necessity, grave crime;
+ (N+N): acceptance credit, insurance case.
: crime economic crime, crime of omission.

, , : ability to
work, leaving in danger, .
:
+ + (A+A+N): compulsory medical
treatment, complete material responsibility .: + +
(A+N+N): personal property rights, corrective labour code;
+ + (N+A+N): commission expert examination;
+ + (N+N+N): notary service board.
,
. , +
A+A+N: advisory commission medical
advisory commission. +
A+(N+N): parcel trade direct parcel trade.
N+A+N, N+N+N , . ,

,
.

, .
: ' bill of
exchange payable in foreign currency; actions disrupting the work of
corrective labour institutions; state grant for taking care of the child till its
one year's age.
.
, ,
, ,
.
,
,
. -
.
' , :
(temporary tenure of office),
(examination of case in absentia).
' (material change in
conditions of work, statute of limitations for the execution of the judgement) [3].
-
.
72

 : . , 2008

.
, ,
,

, .
, , ,
,
.
-
. ,
,
.
, ,
,
, .

1. . . : . .
. .: . KM Academia, 2000. 218 .
2. . . , 1976. 216 .
3. Charlton G. Laird. Websters New World Thesaurus. Cleveland: Warner
Book, Inc., 1990. 494 p.


..
. . ., . ..
--
.
. :
,
,
[2, . 39].
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73

 : . , 2008

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1. . //
4 . .,1987. . 2. . 290-450.
2. . //
. 1999. 59. . 39-49.


74

 : . , 2008

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.

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75

 : . , 2008

.
teacher-centered approach ,
, , ,
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,
,
learner centered approach,
, , , .
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person-centered approach ,

, ,
[2, . 45].


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76

 : . , 2008

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.

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[5, . 26].

-.
77

 : . , 2008

,

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, .

,
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.

1. . . ., 1998. 326 .
2. .
// . 1999. 36. . 45 60.
3. . -
. ., 1997. 150 .
4. . : .
, 1994. 239 .
5. . . // .
1999. 7. . 25-27.



. . ., . . ..

.
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, ,
[2, . 56]. - , ,
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,
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.
,

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78

 : . , 2008

. ,
, .

, , . .
, , .
( )
Love of Life.
,
, ,
.
.

, ,
: life, to live, alive,
living, lifeless, lifetime ( 78 ), to die, dead, death, dying,
deadly (68), pain, painfully, pang (30), weak, weakness (28), hunger, hungry,
hungrily (26). , ,
,
,
, .
.
: to live life,
. ,
. , .
, ,
.

:
.
: a man, Mason,
they, you, I, he, Keesh, trail.
3- (he),
.
: : he had been
living for long in an unlighted tent [6, . 121]; :
And yet he wanted to live [7, c. 28]; It was only life that pained [7, c. 31].
. .
, it
was unreasonable that he should die after all he had undergone. Fate asked too
much of him [7, c.36].
. :
They were hundred-dollar bills. It was life! His life! [6, c. 122].
,
.
79

 : . , 2008

: His life was fading, fainting, gasping away in the tent in the
snow [6, c. 115]. : the dying life
in him flickered up and burned less dimly. <> It was the life in him, unwilling
to die, that drove him on [7, c. 31].
: Before him was meat and life [7, c. 30].
: Sole speck of life journeying across the
ghostly wastes of a dead world, he <> realizes that his is a maggots life,
nothing more [9, c. 42].
,
. ,
: Every torment he had endured
had been a torment of life. Life had demanded death. It was a cruel thing [6,
c. 127]. : Such was life, eh? A vain and fleeting
thing. It was only life that pained. There was no hurt in death. Then why was he
not content to die? [7, c. 31].
; , : Then
the great tree <> played its last part in the tragedy of life [9, c. 43].
, ,
, , ,
, , .
, , ,
,
, he lived,
.
, , , ,
. ,
,
. .
, ( ),
, , .
,
.

1. . : . 6-
.; : , 2004. 384 .
2. . .
: ; / ., .. .:
: , 2006. 496 .
3. .
//
. . / . . .. : ,
2003. . 69-74.
80

 : . , 2008

4. .
// : . .
. . . . : , 2007. .31-33.
5. . . . //
. . . / . ...
.: - .-. -, 2003. 268 . ( .
; . 8).
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Moscow Foreign Language Publishing House, 1950. 111-128.
7. London J. Love of Life // London J. Short Stories. Moscow: Foreign
Languages Publishing House, 1950. p. 19-39.
8. London J. The Story of Keesh // London J. Short Stories. Moscow
Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1950. 128-136.
9. London J. The White Silence // London J. Short Stories. Moscow
Foreign Language Publishing House, 1950. 39-49.
10. London J. The Wisdom of the Trail// London J. Short Stories.
Moscow Foreign Language Publishing House, 1950. 149-157.


..
. . . ..
... :

... (1892-1973) .
, (1937)
, 1954-1955 ,

.
.
,
,
( ),
,
.
,
[1].
,
, ., .., ., .. ..,
, ..., .
, ,
.
81

 : . , 2008

, ,
: They were
contemporaries, living outside litical and cultural mainstream their time....
Finally all three felt themselves to be outcast, living in fringes their society... [7].
, , ,
,
, [4].
, , ,
, : .
, ,
[4].

,

[7].

. ,
, , ,
.
[2].
: ,
[6]. .
. . .: My art is not mirror
held up to nature, Nature mirrors my art [2]. ,
,
..
, ,
[7].
: They shone far
off in moonlight. (...) They said that one could see Sea from top that Tower [5].
(The Two Towers)
: , , ( ), - (
), - ( ) [4].
:

; , , ,
- , . ,
- [3]. ,
, ,
( , ) ,
, (,
(The Last Homely House) ) [2].
82

 : . , 2008

: Sea became word of

fear among them, and token of death [5]. (beyond
Sundering Seas) [7] ,
. ' , : Then he heard
noise in distance. At first he thought it was great wind coming over leaves
forest. Then he knew that it was not leaves, but the sound of Sea far-off [5].
,
.
[7], , ,
, c
, (
( ) [4].

[6]. T
, : Trees stand for life [5]. , ,
,
: Trees as general symbol of naturalness and fertility, are more than
commonly important to hobbits returning to Shire [2]. ,
, . ,
, ,
. (ents), ,
. , :
(Old Willow) , ,
(huorns) .
,

.
...
,
.

1. Carpenter H. J.R.R.Tolkien. A Biography. L., 1977. 287 p.

2. Ryan J. Folktale, Fairy tale, and the Creation of a Story. // Tolkien. New
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7. . .. ""
20-40- // http://
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8. . . // http://ttt.by. ru/ mk_ vk/
creation. shtml.
9. . 1920-1930-
. // http: // www.sgu.ru /faculties/ philological /kaf/
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..
. . ., . ..
- :
- .
, : -,
-, -, - .
, -
, , ,
, , ,
[1, c. 14].

.
. ., , .
...,
., .,
., .,
., .,
- ., -
. [2, . 23-24].
- :

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84

 : . , 2008

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-
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85

 : . , 2008

-
;
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,
.
.

1. - . //
. 2004. 15. .11-14.
2. . 60-80-. //
. 1987. 11. . 23-24.
3. .
// . 1981. 1. . 26-33.

-
. . ., . ..


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86

 : . , 2008

, , el burro
(. ) .
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,
[3, . 30].
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87

 : . , 2008

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, ,

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.

1. . // . ., 1990. . 153-172.
2. . // / . .
. .; . . . .. .:
., 1990.
3. . . .-.: .- ,
1993.
4. ., . . .:
, 1965.
5. : [] / ., .,
. .; . .. .: , 2005.


..
. ..

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);
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88

 : . , 2008

, ,
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:
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;
89

 : . , 2008

,
[1].

. , ,
. (
) .
.
, () ()
.

. , ,
, .
:
, , ,
. ,

.
,
,
( ).

1. Das literarische bersetzen und der Berufsalltag des

Literarurbersetzrs. 2002. [ ] http://www. linquapolis,
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..
. . ., . ..


.
,
. ,
, ,
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.
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1967
, . . ,
.., .
.,
, . ,
, ,
[5, c. 225].
,
; , ...
,
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()... [2, c. 86].
, .
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, .., ,
,
[3, c. 26].
. , , ,
, ,
, [3, c. 76].

.

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[4]. , ,
( , ), , ,
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., ;
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.
, [1, c. 417].

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;
91

 : . , 2008

2) ,
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,

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;
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,
: ,
- (
) [6].
,
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.

1. . // . :
. . .: , 1989. 417 .
2. . , .
.: , 1991. 176 .
3. . :
. .: , 1990. 413 .
4. . :
// , . 3. 2004 //
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. . ., . ..
i i . i -
i , i
i i [1, . 157],
i, . i
, i i [4, . 3].
92

 : . , 2008

i
ii .
. i ,
, ,
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,
, [1, . 157].
- (1826)
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,
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. 106]. - ,
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ii i -
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93

 : . , 2008

. i
,
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i
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. - i ,
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,
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i, i-i, i.
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i
1. .
. . . //
9- . .6. .: , 1989. .153-163.
2. . -
// .
XIX : . .: - , 1999. .93-112.
3. . . // .
. .: . . . -, 1958. .155-261.
4. . . . .: - ,
1981. 174 .


..
. . ..


, ,
,

94

 : . , 2008

, ,
,
.
,
. XXI ,

[2, . 2].
.
,
.

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,

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[1, . 3].
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.

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95

 : . , 2008

,
[3, . 68].
.
(Brainstorming).
, ,
.
.

.
. , , .
.

. , ,
, ,
.
(Jigsaw ).
1978 [4, c. 49].
. , ,
, , . :
[3, . 70]. :
A A love story
George loves Lily. George phones Lily ___(How often?). He sends her
flowers every week. George wrote a ___for Lily (What?). The poem was about
her blue eyes and red lips. One day George saw Lily in the ___ (Where?). She was
talking to James. ___ gave Lily some flowers (Who?). James kissed Lily.
Suddenly Lily saw____ (Who?). George hit James. ___ saw (Who?) George. The
policemen toot George to the police station. ____ (Who?) drove Lily home. Lily
got married to James. George wrote a ____ (What?). It was called DEATH IN
THE PARK.
B A love story
George phones Lily every week. George wrote a poem for Lily. The poem
was about ____ (What?). One day George saw Lily in the park. She was talking to
____ (Who?). James gave Lily some flowers. James kissed ____ (Who?).
Suddenly Lily saw George. ____ (Who?) hit Lames. A policeman saw George.
The policeman took George to the ____ (Where?). James drove Lily home. Lily
got married to ____(Who?). George wrote a novel. It was called ____ (How?)
. -
,
, ().

. .
Do you agree with the groups
opinion?, Which one from the arguments is considered to be the best? .
96

 : . , 2008

. - ,
. -
: Which words and expressions do you associate with the
word? , ,
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,

, ,
, [2, . 7].
,

Tell me and Ill forget, teach me and Ill remember, involve me and Ill learn.

1. . //
. 2007. 18. . 3-4.
2. . //
. 2006. 8. . 2-7.
97

 : . , 2008

3. .
// . 2007. 19-21. . 68-72.
4. .
// .
2005. 6. . 49-54.
5. .
//
2005. 24. . 4-6.


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. ..
-

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[5, . 160],
,
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[1, 3, 4, 6, 7]
,
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. ,
.

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, , ,
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:
+ ( ) (to romp home, to
make the point, to have an eye on smth, to be in smbs shoes, to make no bones
about, to catch ones breath);
+ (black eyes, small hours, upper crust);
98

 : . , 2008

+ (to be about to say);

+ (beating about the bush);
+ + (on the other hand, off ones rocker);
. + . (that sort of thing).

() ,
46 , 63% , 19,1% 14
,
(15,1% 11 )
(1,4% 1 ).
,

() . , ,
,
, -
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.
The scheme of usage of phraseological units according
to the structural principle of classification

1. . . ., 1963.
2. . . , 1992.
3. .
. ., 1947.
4. . . ., 1998.
5. . . ., 1970.
6. . . ., 2003.


..
. . ..
-

99

 : . , 2008

( . fragmentum , ) ,
- ()
() [3, . 602].
XVIIIXIX .
,
, ., , .-. . . .,
,
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, . ,
.,
[3, . 602].

..
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, . [1], . [2],
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(1994)
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100

 : . , 2008

(1997) ,
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30]: - ( ),
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.
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(2004).
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[1, . 133]. .
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134], (, )
101

 : . , 2008

.
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1. . .
. .: , 2006. . 133-137.
2. . (. . -:
-, 1997) // . 1998. 2. . 30-31.
3. .
, 2001. . 602.
4. . // . 1998. 9. .
101- 113.
5. . // & . :
, 2002. . 185-199.


. .
. . ..


/ .
,
, ., ., ., . ,
., ., ., ., ., ., .
. , . , .
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. ,
102

 : . , 2008

/ ,
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[7, . 32].
. (1943), ,
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[5, . 27].
.
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, [7, . 246].
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[7, . 45].
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103

 : . , 2008

, (
),
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433].
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[2, . 187].
, , , ,
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.
,
.


-.

1. - .. //
. : , 2001. . 148-149.
2. / ..,
., ., . .: , 1996. 245.
3. . //
. .: ., 1988. . 23:
. 462 .
4. . . .
.: , 2002. 272.
5. Craik, K. The Nature of Explanation. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1943. 159 .
6. Johnson-Laird, P.N. Mental Models: Towards a Cognitive Science of
Language, Inference and Consciousness. Cambridge, VA: Harvard University
Press, 1983. 246 .
7. Metzler, J., and Shepard, R.N. Transformational Studies of the Internal
Representations of Three- Dimensional Objects. Cambridge, MA: MIT
Press, 1982. 271 .

104

 : . , 2008

-

. . ., . ..
XVIII

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1. . XIX . .:
. ., 1972. 351 .
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. ., 1991. 637 .
3. . : . . .:
, 1987. 352 .
4. ., .., ..
XIX : . .: ., 1991. .1 238 .
5. . . :
. : . , 2005. .1. 683 .
6. . . : ..
, 2005. 348 .
7. . . .: , 1976. 271 .
106

 : . , 2008

8. . . . .: ,
2005. 440 .
9. . XIX
: - : . . .: , 2004.
360 .


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107

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, 1974. 202 c.


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Duden. Redewendungen und sprichwrtliche Redensarten [2],
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. dumm: dumm wie Bohnenstroh
, ; Stroh im Kopf haben ;
; dmmer sein als die Polizei erlaubt .
. geizig:
den Pfennig dreimal (her)umdrehen, den Pfennig zehnmal (her)umdrehen
(). Er dreht den Pfennig dreimal herum,
ehe er etwas ausgibt. am Geld kleben, am Geld hngen . Wer
wie du so am Geld klebt, wird gewiss auch kein Herz fr die Leiden seiner
Mitmenschen haben. auf dem (seinem) Geld sitzen . Bei
unserer letzten Sammelaktion haben wir wenig Geld eingenommen, weil die
meisten Leute auf ihrem Geld sitzen. die Hand auf die (der) Tasche halten, die
Hand auf den (dem) Beutel halten . Es ist vllig zwecklos, in
diesem Haus um eine Spende fr die Blinden zu bitten, denn der Hausbesitzer hlt
immer die Hand auf der Tasche.
.
betrunken sein: sich betrinken . Ich habe so viel Pech gehabt, dass
ich mich am liebsten betrinken wrde. zu tief ins Glas gucken
. Unser Onkel scheint gestern etwas zu tief ins Glas geguckt zu haben.
einen ber den Durst trinken , . Er trinkt nur selten einmal
einen ber den Durst. einen (Rausch) antrinken, einen Rausch holen, einen
Rausch kaufen . Heute Abend werden wir uns noch mit dem letzten
Geld einen Rausch antrinken (einen Rausch holen, einen Rausch kaufen). sich
voll laufen lassen . Da gingen die Seeleute an Bord und lieen
sich mit Bier voll laufen.
.
, , 21
[1; 2], 15 : jmdm. das Fell ber die
Ohren ziehen, jmdn. ber den Lffel balbieren, jmdn. aufs Kreuz legen, jmdn.
hinters Licht fhren, jmdn. in den Sack stecken, jmdn. bers Ohr hauen, jmdn.
zum besten haben / halten, jmdn. auf den Arm nehmen / auf die Schippe nehmen/
auf den Besen laden / aufs Glatteis fhren; jmdm blauen Dunst vormachen, jmdm.
ein X fr ein U vormachen, jmdm. Sand in die Augen streuen, jmdn. fr dumm
verkaufen, jmdn. an der Nase herumfhren.
,
, ,
110

 : . , 2008

, . ,
begraben. Sie wurden verbrannt oder begraben. Beerdigen
. Der Verstorbene ist am 24. April auf dem
stdtischen Friedhof beerdigt worden. bestatten
. Er wurde mit groem Geprnge auf dem zentralen Friedhof
bestattet. beisetzen ( ) . Die gefallen
Soldaten wurden mit militrischen Ehren beigesetzt. der Erde bergeben, zur
letzten Ruhe betten ( ). Die Seele dem
Gott, den Leib der Erde bergeben. Seine sterblichen berreste werden heute zur
letzten Ruhe gebettet. zu Grabe tragen ( )
. Die Katastrophenopfer wurden gestern in einer
ergreifenden Feier auf dem Hauptfriedhof zu Grabe getragen. das letzte Geleit
geben - (). Die ganze Familie
gab dem Vater das letzte Geleit.
,
. : in Schlaf sinken / fallen; eine lange / drre
Stange; in berfluss schwimmen / leben, schwelgen, sitzen; ohne (jegliche)
Skrupel und Zweifel.
,
, .
,
-
(, , , ).

1. - / . .
... .: . , 2006. 848.
2. Duden. Redewendungen und sprichwrtliche Redensarten. Mannheim,
Wien, Zrich: Bibl. Inst. Bd. 10. 2., vllig neu bearb. u. erw. Aufl. 1985.
3. Fleischer W. Phraseologie der deutschen Gegenwartssprache. Leipzig:
Bibl. Inst., 1982. 250 S.


.
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111

 : . , 2008

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1. http://ru.html.net/tutorials/html/lesson3.asp
2. http://www.dvgups.ru/How_html.htm
3. http://www.goldweb.ru/clients/html/
4. http://www.machaon.ru/digest/rusinter.HTML.html
5. http://www.refine.org.ua
6. http://www.ukrlib.com.ua/encycl/slovnyk/printout.php?number=31
7. http://www.xserver.ru/computer/langprogr/html/
8. www.mctpp.chat.ru
9. www.mfa.gov.ua
10. . , : , Maple
pages inc., 2007. 224 .


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, great :
1. unusually or comparatively large in size or dimensions:
immense, enormous, gigantic, huge, vast, grand;
2. notable: remarkable; exceptionally, outstanding, noteworthy;
3. important: highly significant or consequential: weighty,
serious, momentous, vital, critical;
4. of noble or lofty character: elevated, exalted, dignified;
5. distinguished: famous: famed, eminent, noted, notable,
prominent, renowned;
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116

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1. . ( ).
. II-III - . . . : . , 1977.
240.
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. .: . .: , 1967. 187 .
3. . .
. : ,
2003. 160 .
4. . //
, 1953. 5. 11-17 .
5. . . .: .,
1968. 210 .
6. . : .
. . - - . . . .: , 1986.
147 .
7. . : -
. . . .: , 1993. 256 .


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(234 / 51,3%), (157 / 45,6),
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-
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, 40 .

1. . . ., 1987.
2. .
... .: . . . . . , 1960.
3. Thackeray W. Vanity Fair. London: Penguin Books, 1994.


..
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( )
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.
Grahams Ladys and Gentlemans
Magazine (, ) 1842 Life in Death.
The Broadway Journal
119

 : . , 2008

26 1845 The
Oval Portrait. . .
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. 123]. .
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: vignette, vignetting, in Moresque, lifelikeliness, would
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1884
[15, . 23]. :
Long, long I read and devoutly, devoutly I gazed [17].

120

 : . , 2008

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[15, . 45].
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: Long, long I read and devoutly, devoutly I gazed [17].
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. : Portrait of a young girl just ripening
into womanhood [17].
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[13, . 67].
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[4,
. 29].
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[6, . 78].
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[7, . 81].
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[9, . 51].
, [10, . 43].

[11, . 44].
, [12, . 62].
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, .

1. . . .: , 1976. 145.
2.

/ ., ., . . .: , 1993.
256 .
3. . - . .:
, 2004. 809 .
4. . . .: , 1885. 341
.
5. . , / . . . .:
, 1885. 245 .
6. . . . .1 / . . . .: , 1901.
. 192.
7. . . / . ... .:
, 1909. 189 ..
122

 : . , 2008

8. . / . . . , 1909.
179 .
9. . . .: , 1911. 320 .
10. . .2 / . . . .:
, 1972. 296 .
11. . . . / . . . .: , 1993.
. 312.
12. . / . . . .: , 1996. 401 .
13. . .: , 1881 5 33 .
14. .. . .: ,
1953. 214 .
15. / . . .5. .: ,
1884. 48 .
16. .. . . [
]. : http://www.scilib. ru/lib/ sb/ book /1098/ page/2.
17. The Oval Portrait by Edgar Allan Poe [ ].
: http://classiclit.about.com/library/bl-etexts/eapoe/bl-eapoe-oval.htm.
18. . 1 [
]. :http://sigieja.narod.ru/stilslovar1.htm.

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2. . : .: . . . /
. ..; . ..; .
... .: , 1994. 350 .
3. . . //
: . . .-. . ., .
. (22-24 2002 ., . ). .:, 2002. .99-102.
4.

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127

 : . , 2008

.
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Computer Users

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Admin; 8) ; 1 , .: Samurai.

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: n + n, : Alpha pup,
Buzzword specialist; + n, : Ethical Hacker.


, .: Net Spider, Dotcom evangelist.
128

 : . , 2008

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: -er -ist, .: Lamer, Declutterist.
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[1, . 6].

1. .
: . . . . ., 2003. 20 .
2. The Oxford Dictionary of New Words / Ed. By Elizabeth Knowles.
Oxford. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. 599 p.
3. Trash, Cash, Fizzbos and Flatliners. A Dictionary of Todays Words. / Ed. by
Lerner, Gary S. Belkin. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1993. 221 p.


..
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129

 : . , 2008

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.
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pleasure [1, c. 42].
The magic box. :
: Is/are there? Yes, there is (are)//No, there isnt arent
: 4-10, 5-10 . :
(, ). :
( ) :
Children, how many pencils are there in the magic box?.
131

 : . , 2008

, : Are there seven (four, five,

six)? Is there only one is it empty? : Yes, there are/is No,
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2: We have got 5 lessons on Monday.
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[4, c. 18].
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, . .
. 2
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[6, c. 39].
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, [7, c. 48].
: 1) picture gap ( ,
,
, ); 2)
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,
, ); 3) knowledge gap
( , ,
); 4) belief gap ( ,
, ); 5) reasoning gap
( , )
[7, c. 48].

. . : 1) line-rep (

); 2) strip-rep (
); 3)
132

 : . , 2008

smile (
); 4) merry-go-round (
, ,
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. , play with us!

1. .
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, ;
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, Would you be good enough Alice panted out, after
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I am good enough, the King said, only I'm not strong enough. You see,
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Bandersnatch! [2, c. 116].

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Hexe Minka, Katze Pinka, Vogel Fu raus bist du.
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bist aus.
Eine kleine Mickymaus zog sich mal die Hosen aus, zog sie wieder an
und du bist dran.
Ix, ax, ux, der rote Fuchs, die graue Maus und du bist raus.
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perhaps it was only the pepper that had so savage when they met in the
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When I am a Duchess, she said to herself, (not in a very hopeful tone
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( ) / . .. : , 2004. 526.
2. . (
): . : , 2006. 201.
167

 : . , 2008

3. . (
..). : -, 1999. 247.
4. : / .: .
(), . (), . . 2- ., .
. .: - . . . ., 2004. 824 .


.
. ..

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1917-1920 , ,
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,


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: [2, . 5]).
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168

 : . , 2008

,
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! [1, . 101]. ,
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, , -
,
. -

.

1. . . .: . -
, 1991.
2. . . .: , 1989.

169

 : . , 2008

..


..,
.., .., .., .., . . .
()
.. [4].
,
, ,
,
, .
,
.
, ,
, [2; 3],
, ,
,
Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current
English (a child) 1415 ,
13 19 ,
[6]. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English,
(youth) , ,
(teenager) [5].
, ,
(boy). boy girl
, , 20 .
13 19 young
woman young man,
. ,
. young adults (
),
[4, c. 101].
,
: lad, stripling, girl in her teens, young girl, young maiden.
, , ,
,
[1, c. 67].
,
,
.

, .
170

 : . , 2008

:
; , ; , ,
;
. ,
,
.

(green, callow), ,
(juvenile): Juvenile crime is an increasing problem in big cities [5].

, ,
young,
stripling, lass,
lassie, maid, maiden, damsel .
,
, ,
,
.
, ,
, ,
. ,
,
.

1. . .
.: , 1986. 120 .
2. ., ., ., .
: . ., 1999. 195 .
3. ., . . .: , 2005.
360 .
4. .
// . 1976. 3. . 102103.
5. Longman Language Activator: Second Edition. Edinburgh: Pearson
Education Limited, 2002. 1587 p.
6. Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English / Ed. by
S.Wehmeier. Oxford: Oxford University press, 2006. 1600 p.

171

 : . , 2008

..
. ..


,
, ,
1991 ,
.

,
.

.
,

.
:

, ;
, ;

,
, , ;


[4, . 6].
,
.
,

.

,
[5, . 10].

.
i
. ,

.
. - ,
.
172

 : . , 2008

,
,
.
, ,
.
,
.
,
: ,
, ,
, [2, . 103].

.

.
.

:
1
2
3
4
5 .

(, ,
).
.
,
:
- ,
, :
.
.

1. : ,
, / . . . ,
. ... ., 2003. 273 .
2. . // .
.-. .
. , 2006. . 102
103.
3. .
// . . .- .
173

 : . , 2008

.
. ., 2000. . 32 38.
4. Language Learning for European Citizenship. Final Report of the Project
Group (1989-1996). Strasbourg: Educational Committee. P. 1 30 .
5. Council for Cultural Cooperation (1995) Common European Framework
of Reference for Language Learning and Teaching Language Learning for
European Citizenship // Draft of a Framework Proposal. CC-LANG (95) 5 rev.
III. Strasbourg: Educational Committee. 204 p.


..
. ..


, ,
,
. ,
, . , .
- ,
.
, ..
, , ,
, : , , ,
- [2].
.

.
,

[1].
,
.
,

.
.
(Neuro-Linguistic Programming; ),
. .. ,
( , 75% ),
( , 20%) (
,
5%).
174

 : . , 2008

,
[3].
,
: , ( 25%),
(20%) (17%).
[1].
, ,
, ,
, ,
,
, , , .
,
, : : ;
: ; Rocc: Rocc
: 10 ,

, .

,
: !;
: 27
;
: , Universal
Bank: !, :
!, :
!, .
:
Colgate Total, , , ,
Neskafe Gold,
Domo, ,
.

,
2007 ,
,
.
, ,

, .

1. http://ilze.org/semio/005.htm
2. http://www.krugosvet.ru/articles/82/1008254/1008254a1.htm#1008254A101
3. http://pro-nlp.ru/
175

 : . , 2008

. .
. . . ..

,

, . ,
, . ,

,
, .

- ,
,
, .

.
,
.
, .
, ,
, ,
( , , ).
, a . ,
[1, . 187].
, -
.

, ,
.
, : He might turn up
tonight, if he arrives in time, Brett? [3, . 143]; It seems that we may not win
this battle [4, . 351].
,
,
,
: Can he be fighting for us? I dont trust him [4, . 271].
,
.
176

 : . , 2008

,
,
. ,

.

,
:
() .
,
: , , - .

(can, may) (must, have to/have got to, will, would,
ought to, should) .
.
: be able to, be allowed to, have to, have got to, be going to, be
about to, used to, ought to be, to be supposed to [2, . 177].
,
,
- ( ) ,
.

1. . //
- . , 1997. .2. . 187 198.
2. Quirk R., Greenbaum S., Leech G., Jan S. A Comprehensive Grammar of
the English Language. Edinburgh Gate, 2000. 177 p.
3. Hemingway E. Fiesta: The sun also rises. L.: Penguin, 1998. 269 p.
4. Hemingway E. For whom the bell tolls. L.: enguin, 2003. 485 p.


..
. . ..
:
(nformation gap)
Learning to teach
, ,
, information gap / ,
. [5]
, ,
, , , . ,
177

 : . , 2008

,
, , , ,
[1, . 11].
,
( ), .
,

. , ( )
, ,
. ,
,
.
.
Information gap : 1) picture
gap; 2) text gap; 3) knowledge gap; 4) belief / opinion gap; 5) reasoning gap.

, (,
..) [1, . 71] , , ,
. , ,
. ,
, , , ,
,
. .
, ,
.
picture gap ,
, ,
.
Treasure Island, ( )
.
. , ,
, ,
.
.
, . ,
, .
text gap .
1:
, , ,
, .
2: , .
, ,
. .
3: .
,
178

 : . , 2008

.
e. g. I apples.
I. I like apples and I eat them every day.
II. I see apples. They are not green.
III. I draw apples in my notebook.
IV. I am drawing apples in my notebook now. [1, . 87]
knowledge gap , ,
. Contact [5],
, .
,
, . ,
( ), ,
, .
( ), , ,
CONTACT. ,
( 30 ).
, ,
, . ,
.
.
e.g. Leader: I am thinking of the word which begins with a letter D
P 1: Isnt it an animal with 3 heads?
P 2: Contact.
L: No, it is not a dragon.
P 3: Isnt it an animal that barks?
P 1: Contact
L: No, it is not a dog.
P 4:Isnt it opposite to up?
P 3: Contact
L: (after 30sec). I dont know.
P 4 and P 3 together: Down. Give us the second letter.
L: A. DA.
P 3: Isnt it a period of time after noon?
L: No, it is not a day.
P 1: Isnt it harm?
P 4: Contact
L: (after 30sec). I dont know.
P 1, P4: Damage. Give us the third letter.
L: N. DAN.
P 5: Isnt it a threat to your life?
L: Yes,
P 5: The word is danger.
L: Yes. And you are the leader.
belief / opinion gap ,
.
179

 : . , 2008

reasoning gap ,
. T .
. .
, , ,
' .
e.g. P1 What time does the sport-program start?
P2 At ten oclock. What time does the show start?
P1 At half past eleven.

, .
Information gap

. .
, ,
, ,
,
.

1. Betteridge, Buckby, Wright Games for Language Learning: Third edition.

UK: Cambridge University Press, 2006. 208 pg.
2. .
//. . 1996.
3. .
. .: , 2002. 346 .
4. . . .: .,
2003. 239 .
5. . Developing Communicative Skills Using Information Gap
Exercises ( www.school907.ru/sch907.files/razrabotki.htm)


. ..
.. ..

, , ,
.
,
,
.
, ,
, : pecnia nn let , lea ilcta est
180

 : . , 2008

, sapinti st , lpus in fbulis

, .
,
, ,
.
, .

. ,
( ) .
,
, - , .
.

- , [2,
c. 216]. .
,
.
(
) ,
,
, :
. De gustibus et coloribus non est disputandum;
.
. Every man to his taste / There is no accounting for taste / Tastes differ
. ber Geschmack lsst sich nicht straiten/ Die Geschmcke sind
verschieden
. Des gots et des couleurs il ne faut pas disputer.
.
,
, ,
,
.
, ,

[4].

:
. Flamma fumo proxima est ( , )
.
. There is no smoke without fire
. Kein Rauch ohne Feuve
. Il ny a pas de fum sans feu.
. Non procul a proprio stipite poma cadunt
.
. As the tree, so the fruit
181

 : . , 2008

. Der Apfel fllt nicht weit vom stamm

. Le fruit ne tombe jamais loin de larbre.
,
, , .
. Cogito, ergo sum (.)
. , ,
. I think, therefore I am
. Ich denke, also bin ich
. Je pense, donc je suis.
. Scio, inquit, me multa nescire ()
. ,
. I know that I know nothing
. Ich wei, dass ich nichts wei
. Je sais que je ne sais rien.
,
, :
. Quod in corde sorbit, id est in lingua (in ore) ebrit
. ,
. What soberness coneals, drukness reveals
. Was man trunken gesagt, hat man nchtern gedacht
. Ce que sobre tien en coeur, est sur la langue du buveur.
. Malo cum Planone errare, quam cum aliis recte sentire
. ,
. Better to be foolish with all than wise by yourself
. Besser mit Weisen weinen als mit Narren lachen
. Mieux vaut un sage ennemi quun sot ami [3].
.. ;
:
1. : . Dones eris felix, multos numerabis amicos
.
. Viel Geld, viel Freunde
. Les amis du riche sont nombreux
2. , :
. Quod hodie non est, cras erit
. ,
. Let the morn come and the meat with it
. Kommt der Tag, kommt das Essen
. Demain il fera jour.
3. , :
. Nervos belli pecuniam
.
. Money is the sinews of war
. Geld fhrt den Kreig
. Largent est le nerf de la guerre.
4. :
182

 : . , 2008

. Bona caus triumfat

. ,
. A good thing will live and a bad one will die
. Gute Taten leuchten auch im Dunkeln
. Une bonne affaire (cause) triomphe.
5. , , :
. Vivere est militare
. .
. Life is not all beer and skittles. Life is a battle.
. Leben heit kmpfen
. Vivre cest lutter
6. , :
. Senis venit ab annis
.
. Older and wiser
. Mit den Jahren kommt der Verstand
. Avec lge on deviant sage [1]

, .
.
,
, ,
, , ,
.

1. ., . .
. : , 2004 256 .
2. ., C . ( ).
: . , 2006. 415 .
3. / . .:
. ., 1961. 123 .
4. ., . ,
. .: ., 1972 168 .



. . ., . ..



, ,
. ,
183

 : . , 2008

,
[1, . 90].
,
,
, [5, . 34].

, , .
,
[2, . 19].

, (, , , ),
.
, :
.
.
,
,
.
,
, ,
[2, . 19].

. .
. :
, , [4, . 284].
(negative face)
, , .
(positive face) ,
, , ,
, [8, . 61].

, , ,
, ,
[7, . 435].

.
[6, . 71]. ,
, .
,

[3, . 156].


, ,
, [6, . 78].
184

 : . , 2008

, ,
, ,
, , ,
,
.

,
,
.
,
, .

1. .
// . .: ., 1991. . 90-98.
2. . -
// . 1997. 1. .
15-21.
3. Beebe L. Polite fictions: Instrumental rudeness as pragmatic
competence. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 1995.
4. Brown P., Levinson S. Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.
5. Lakoff R. Talking Power. The Politics of Language. Basic Books, 1990.
6. Mills, S. Gender and politeness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
2003.
7. Swan M. Practical English Usage. Oxford University Press, 2005.
653 p.
8. Yule G. Pragmatics. Oxford University Press, 1996. 138 p.


..
. . . ..

,
: .
,
,
. .
, , ,
.
[2].
185

 : . , 2008

, [1].

. ,
, ,
,
.

. : ( ),
( ), , [1].
,
.
, .
.
.
: ,
. , : device ;
hard drive ; enter ; alt [3, . 35].
,
.

. , ( ,
- )
MS DOS Invalid drive [3, . 38].
, ,
, -
.
: gamer
( ), doomer ( Doom).
, ,
.
, , .
.
, : message ,
game over , reply , autocad .
. ,
keyboard: ; delete: , .

, : hard
drive () , , , ;
programmer (); user (); to
connect (); to upgreid
(); to click (,
).
186

 : . , 2008

: ZIP
( ) , , ; RAR ,
, ; use () , , ,
; user () , .
: to connect ; to
click .
MS-DOS,
,
, ,
. ,

, .
.
, : Norton Utilities, NU ; Kais Power Tools,
KPT ; Execution file, EXE ; Three-dimensional Studio,
3DS ; Bulletin board system, BBS , , , ,
, , ; IBM . ,
: VAX
; Pentium ; Quake ; ICQ .
.
.
, ,
():
: error ; jamper ; button
; shareware ; Linux [3, . 35].
, , ,
: laser printer .
, ,
.
, ,
: cache memory -.
, , ,

: Corel Draw ; Aldus PageMaker ;
Power Chut .
, .
.
88
, Warcraft
[4].
.
: ghoul vampire, archer,
ladder, battle, to cast, counter
counter strike, Trisfal meadows, ,
187

 : . , 2008

a trouble , , to
harass, rush , to plant
, to zoom, to use,
private .

: AoE Area of Effect
, , Actions per Minure , afk
, Arranged Team ,
good game , good luck
, Lol ,
MG, Mountain Giant , Rofl, rolls on floor laughing
, PT Random Team
, Tp, town portal , TT T.t
, hf, have fun .
,
, . C
,
, .

1. // http://www.stu.lipetsk.ru/files/materials/737/
computer_slang.ppt
2. . // . 1997.
3 //http://www.gramota.ru/rusrech.html?id=357
3. . //
. . - . 2005. 538:
. . 3338.
4. Warcraft Slang Online Vocabulary//http://myth.my1.ru/publ/1-1-0-20


.
. . ., . ..


, ()
-
- ,
()
(..; ..; ..).
: 1) ,
, , ,
; 2) , -; 3) ,
,
188

 : . , 2008

, ; 4) ,
,
- [5, . 3].
, -,
, ,
,
, - .

.
,
,
[1; 2; 3; 4].
-
: 1) () -; 2)
() -; 3) , .
() - :
1) : Billy, Dick, Harry, Jack, Jane,
Jemima, Jill, Jimmy, John (Johnny), Paul, Peter, Thomas (Tom), Sam, .:
doubting Thomas , ; Every Tom, Dick and Harry
; 2) : Adam, ain, Job, Herod, Juda, Eve,
.: As poor as Job , ; to out-Herod Herod
; Judas kiss ; 3)
/: Cupid, Haniballus, Morpheus, Pandora, .: Cupid's
darts ; in the arms of Morpheus ; 4)
: Ariadne, Hercules, Cassandra, Tantalus, .: the thread of Ariadne
(.) , , ,
; Haniballus vows ;
the torments of Tantalus , ,
; 5)
: Aladdins lamp (.) ,
, .
- :
1) : Doe,
Grundy, Jones, McCoy, Parker, Stevens, .: the real McCoy ,
,
Kid McCoy; nosy Parker , ; Mrs. Grundy
;
2) : Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
, , (
. The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde).
, .:
a Rip Van Winkle , (
.); John Barleycorn
( , ,
189

 : . , 2008

XVII .
. John Barleycorn).

, : Chinese,
Dutch, Jewish, Irish, Indian, Polish, Turk, .: Chinaman's chance
; Double Dutch , ; get sb's
Irish up . Dutch
: Double Dutch, Dutch act, Dutch Courage, Dutch
bargain, Dutch comfort, Dutch concert, Dutch consolation, Dutch oven, Dutch
treat, Dutch widow/Dutch wife.

, - ,
,
.
.

1. . - . .: .
., 1969. 1052 .
2. . - . .: . .,
1984. 942.
3. . : . .: .
., 2002. 560 .
4. . . . .: . .,
1999. 576 .
5. .
: . . . . . , 2002. 18 .


..
. . . ..
.
. .
[1; 2],
.
. . ,
,
, ,
[1, . 7-9].
. . ,
, ,
190

 : . , 2008

. ,

[1, . 9-11].
. : ,
, , .
,
,
, , ,
, [1, . 28-32].
.
. ,
.
:
(What is music and Why do I neglect all other things so that I may give my
life to this alone? But now I see that if by some miracle I may return your
husband to the paradise he glimpsed in his dreams) [3, . 91],
, , (
Peter Claire and his friends are playing music so tender and melodic that the
children become grave and silent and sit down on the floor to listen, and she sits
by them and no one moves); , ,
. , ,
.

, : , ,
(Emerging from the tunnel, Peter Claire finds himself in a large vaulted cellar, lit
by the flares from two iron torches bolted to the walls) [3, . 9];
, (the young man had been impressed by the
profound darkness into which he had suddenly stepped. For it seemed to him
not merely an external phenomenon, having to do with an actual absence of light,
but rather as though it emanated from within him, as if he had finally crossed the
threshold of his own absence of hope) [3, c. 5]; (but Peter
Claire stays where he is, looking around, noting that the torches are not the
only source of light in the cellar, but that two narrow slits in the wall give out
onto the garden at ground level. They are not windows, only reticulations in the
brickwork, their spaces open to the air. And now, as Peter Claire stares at them,
he sees a few snowflakes, like an errant cotene of summer gnats, come
clustering in) [3, . 16]; ( ) (The King is
ugly The lutenist, to whom, by cruel contrast, nature has given an angels
countenance) [3, . 4-5] , ,
(Brorson was Mikkelson's most detested pupil
He was the handsomest boy in the school, with a fine-boned face and eyes of a
deep-sea blue and a thatch of thick blond hair) [3, . 7].

191

 : . , 2008

1. ., . , //
. .: , 1990. 260 .
2. Lakoff G., Johnson M. Metaphors We Live By. Chicago, London:
University of Chicago Press, 1980. 242 p.
3. Tremain R. Music and Silence. London: Random House, 2000. 464 p.



. ..

( )
()
, . ,
, .
, ,
- , .
,
, .

. -
. , ,
', , ,
, , , ,
.
. ,

, , , .
[5].
, .
, , ,
, .

- , ,
.
, ,
, .
-
[1; 3] 256 -,
, : black
(33,9%), white (19,14%), blue (14,06%), green (10,93%), yellow (7, 42%), red
(6,25%), brown (3,12%), gray (2,34%), pink, rose (1,95%), orange, purple
(0,39%).
192

 : . , 2008

,
, ,
: black as a crow (crows wing, raven, coal, ebony, jet, soot,
the ace of spades) (.) Schwarz wie Ebenholz (Krhenflgel) (.)
, (.) , ,
(.); white as snow (.) wei wie die Schnee (.)
(.) , (.); blue rose (.) blaue Blume (.)
(.) ( ) (.).
, ,
.
66,25% -, 15%
; 42,5%
, 10% .
,
: green with envy ( ), to look through green
glasses (), green-eyed monster ().
, ,
. . grn, gelb: for Neid
grn und gelb werden ( ), der gelbe Neid ().
, .
, .
.
, .
, das ist nicht grau nicht grn ( , ; , ) fish
nor fowl, . ; sich grn machen
fly on the weel. White elephant ,
, blue stockings ( ) .

, , ,
.
, .
, , , ,
,
.

1. - / .: . .:
, 2005. 1056 .
2. .
( , ,
// , 2004. 54. . 322325.
3. - / .: .,
. . .: . ., 1981. . 1. 416 .
4. .
: . . . //
193

 : . , 2008

: : . . . , 2005. . 5761.
[. ]. http://vss.nlr.ru/queries/search.php?p=28q=nlr /.
5. // .
2005. 11 . [. ]. : http://www.rivnepost.
rovno. ua /showarticle.php?art=011672 /


..
..


,

.

[1, c. 75].
-
. ,
,
, ,
. , .
, ,
.
, , , ,
, , ,
river, battle, army, astronomy, poetry [2, c. 59].

,
,
, ,
.

, -
.

, , , , [5, c. 43].

, ,
75%.
.
, , , ,
,
.
194

 : . , 2008

,
,
, , , ,
[4, c. 54].
,
: ,
buffet, cafe, haute couture, genre.
,
, , .

.

[3, c. 157].

,
.
, .
,
,
[8, c. 54].
. ,
, , ,
, ,
[6, c. 43].
, , .
( )
, .
, regime, ballet, bouquet .
,
:
. .
,
.

.
.

, masterpiece ( . chef doeuvre), pen name
( . nom de plume) [7, c. 68].
,
. ,
, : ,
, g []:
genre, prestige; ch []: machine, chauffeur.
195

 : . , 2008

, ,
( ),
,
: action , agreeable
, beauty , duke .
, : face , gay ,
hour , ink , money [1, c. 75].
:
, -able , acceptable,
readable, suitable; -ence difference, excellence, evidence, violence.

: , , , ,
, . , boulevard, repertoire, rendez-vous, haute
couture, gourmand, genre [4, c. 80].
,
,
.

1. ., ., .
. .: - , 2000. C. 73-96.
2. . . ., 1977. C. 58-143.
3. . . ., 2001.
C. 153-169.
4. . . ., 1956. C. 47-84.
5. . . .,
1991. C. 38-52.
6. ., . . .,
1956. C. 39-57.
7. , . . ., 1981.
C. 61-85.
8. . . ., 1956. C. 53-86.


.
. ..


. ,
.

.
196

 : . , 2008

,
, .
,
,
.
.
, .
,

.
, ,
, [3, c. 143].
,
, , , .
, ,
.
, , , , ,
.
'
' '
, , , -
.
,
, .
, ,
(avoid, money);
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.

.

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199

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3. .
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201

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202

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[1, . 6].
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203

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. // .
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207

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[4, . 7]. .:
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4. . :
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. 2002.
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..
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I never teach my pupils, I only attempt
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A. Einstein
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, ,
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Why. Example:
What fine hobby is playing football? Do you like to play football?
Yes, I (lo.
Why?
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It makes person strong and healthy [2, c. 4].
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210

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! ,
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! : It's wonderful.
So-so. How interesting. Right you are.
, .
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[1, c. 23].

1. .
// ,
2004. 23-24. . 21-23.
2. . //
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3. . //
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[3, . 725].

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, ,
, ., .
, ,
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. -
,
, : And so you have been to this Mrs Potter, have you, to
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,
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() [10, . 276-278].
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);
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, misappropriated ).
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, zoning law , hypothecary debt
220

 : . , 2008

, ). -
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 : . , 2008

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241

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2004. 342 .
2. . - . .: , 1986.
.318.
3. . . .: , 2005. 431 .
4. Henne H., Rehbock H. Einfhrung in Gesprchanalyse Berlin & New
York: de Gruyter Studienbuch, 1991. 234 S.
5. Momaday, N. Scott. House ade of Dawn. New York: Harper & Row,
1969. 191 p.
6. Silko, L. Marmon. Ceremony. New York: Penguin Books, 1986. 262 .

243

 : . , 2008

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... ., 1985. 1074 .
2. . : .
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3. .
. .: : , 2007. 352 .
4. Diccionario de la lengua espaola. Real Academia espaola. 22-a ed.
http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/ (Cited 10.12.07)
5. Ugarte Mara del Carmen, Refranes de toros. http://personal.
telefonica. terra.es/web/karmentxu/refranes/comento1.html (Cited 09.01.08)


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245

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249

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251

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jezykowich, literackich i kulturowih polskobalto-wschodniosiowianskih. Tom IV/
Kultura i literature. Biaiystok, 2000. . 118-125.
3. . : . . .:
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253

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.
Der Raum war berfllt mit schwtzenden Frauen [3, . 27].
.
254

 : . , 2008

,

, .

1. Khnhold I. / H.Wellmann, Deutsche Wortbildung. 1.Hauptteil: Das

Verb. Dsseldorf: Schwann, 1973.
2. .. ( ). .:
, , 2006. (Originallektre)
3. .. : .
.: , 2005. (Originallektre)
4. . .
.: , 2007.
5. / . .. 2. ., .
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, [5; 6]
- [2; 3; 7; 8; 9].
255

 : . , 2008

, () chav culture yob culture. , ,

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culture, hav, The Guardian 2004
[9]. , hav ,
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chavs , , ,
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: How do you start an argument with a chav? Speak!
chav ,
Oxford English Dictionary 2002 .
The Observer [4]. chavette,
. chav,
:
cat, r,

[4]. chav :
, , ,
, , The Independent, chav
Chatham , Council House And
Violent Cheltenham Average [8]. chav
- .
chav townies, keys, hood rats, charvers,
steeks, stigs, bazzas, yarcos, ratboys, skangers, scutters, janners, kappa slappers,
scallies spides [8]. neds, knackers &
skangers. .

.
chav culture.

1. .
: . ... . . : 10.02.04 / . .
- . .. ., 2003. 20 .
2. Asbo and chav make dictionary" //BBC News. 2005-06-08. Online:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/4074760.stm Retrieved on 2008-01-25.
3. Burchill J. Yeah but, no but, why I'm proud to be a chav // The Times
2005-02-18. Online: http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,7-1488120,00.html
Retrieved on 2008-01-25.
256

 : . , 2008

4.
Chav.
//Wikipedia,
the
free
encyclopedia.

Online:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chav#References Retrieved on 2008-01-25.
5. The Collins English Dictionary. Online: http://www.collinslanguage.
com/results.aspx?js=on&dictionary=cedm&text=chav
6. The Oxford Dictionary of New Words / Ed. By Elizabeth Knowles.
Oxford. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. 599 p.
7. Tweedie N. Cheltenham ladies and the chavs. // The Daily Telegraph.
2004-12-13. Online: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/ main.jhtml?xml= /news/
2004 /12/ 13/nchav13.xml Retrieved on 2008-01-25.
8. Quinio, M. Chav. // World Wide Words. Online: http://www.
worldwidewords.org/topicalwords/tw-cha2.htm Retrieved Retrieved on 200801-25.
9. Ward D. Get hip to Chav as this year's wizard word // The Guardian,
Guardian Unlimited. 2004-10-09. Online: http://www.guardian. co.uk/
uk_news /story/ 0,3604,1330487,00.html Retrieved on 2008-01-25.


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257

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No, it is not mine. It is Halynas.
3.
258

 : . , 2008

Detectives. .
1.
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6. Past Continuous Passive: was being, were being + the 3rd form
259

 : . , 2008

7. Present Perfect Passive: has been? Have been + the 3rd form
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2) Students are prohibited to come into the classroom after the bell.
3) Students are obliged to greet teachers.
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5) Students are given the right to protect their ideas and thoughts.
6) Students are guaranteed to get the mark they deserve.
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firm. High salary and two days-off are Much free time, stable salary and career
provided
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work as baby sitters. Food and the place are searched. Benefits and free schedule
of living are guaranteed.
are supplied.
3. A teacher with an established record 6. A new working stuff is assembled of a
is wanted at a private school. A 9 days foreign language and communication
leave is ensured.
skills are greeted.
6.
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Good heavens!
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spilt
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damaged
260

 : . , 2008

Incredible!
broken
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destroyed
,
[5, c. 49].
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, ,
, .

1. .
//
. 2005 . 3.
2. .
// . 1958. 4. . 94.
3. . // . 2004.
1. . 56-57.
4. . Pressent Continuous
//
. 1990. 3. . 14-17.
5. . // .
2006. 2. . 48-49.
6. .
// .
1998. 4. . 45-51.


. . ., . ..


60-80-
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261

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2. . . .: (
2), 1989. . 131-271.
3. Atwood M. The Handmaids Tale. Virago Press, 1986. 324 p.
4. www.athabascau.ca/writers/matwood.html


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.. // . . .
. .: - , 1995. 352 .
2. . ., // ..
., 1971. 256 .
3. . 20 . .:
., 1967. 97 .
4. . 20 . .:
. ., 1994. 396 .
5. ., .
(): . - . . . .: .
., 1986. 123 .


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279

 : . , 2008

5)

, , : An angel on top but a devil

underneath Cunning is the ape of wisdom
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7)
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good
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agree
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4. A good deed is never lost

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5.

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280

 : . , 2008

trumpet
6. Great deeds live

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3. (7-12 ). (1-4
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Knowledge
Business
Live and learn
Never put off till tomorrow what you
It is never too late to learn
can do today
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Business before pleasure
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Better to do well than to say well
Lost time is never found again
After dinner sit a while, after supper
Knowledge is no burden
walk a mile
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would be wise
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281

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.
,
:
Nick, I know you have an elder brother.
Yes, I do. He works at the factory and studies at the University. He has a
hobby: he learns English. He also goes in for sport.
I think everybody respects him.
Sure, but he is a person who does a lot but doesnt like to speak about
himself.
Thats good. Actions speak louder than words.
5. (10-11 )
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[6,c.22].
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HE BURIES HIS TALENT
A talent was an ancient monetary unit, a gold or silver coin.
The proverb to bury ones talent is taken from a Gospel parable.
A slave buried in the ground the money (a talent) given to him
by his muster. When the man returned and asked the slave what
he had done with the money, the latter replied that he had hidden
the talent in the ground and had it quite safe. The master
reproached his slave for being lazy, adding that he could have
lent the money to the traders and thus have made more money.
Eventuallythe word talent changed its meaning and came to
denote natural endowments of man. To bury ones talent means
to disregard abilities and gifts.
2)
. ,
.
. :

282

 : . , 2008

1.Adam ate apple, and our teeth still

ache
2.The devil rebuking sin
3.Let him that is without sin cast the
first stone
4.Rome wasnt built in a day
5.The spirit is willing but the flesh is
weak
6.The best sermon is a good life
7.The Gods clock strikes on time

, ,


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.

1. . // .
. . .: Academia, 1997. . 15-24.
2. . :
. . - .. ., 1992. 43 .
3. .
:
. .: , 1997. 192.
4. . . . /
. . .. : , 1991. 96 .
5. .
// : .-. . / . .
.. . ., 1997. . 129-132.
6. . :
. ., 1998. 130.


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5. . // :
: . 2000. 17. . 44-54.


. . ., . ..


70- XX . ,
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, ( 17-20 )
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[4, . 56]. , ,
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[5, . 75].
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1. .
// http://www.politstudies.ru/index.html
2. http://www.dic.gramota.ru/search.php?word
3. http://www.infospy.ru/modules/Articles/article_storyid_4059.html
4. http://www.planetadisser.com/see/dis_62440.html
5. http://www.wikipedia.com



. . ..


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..
. . . ..



[2, . 23-24; 1, . 15-17; 3],
[2, . 31-35; 10, . 105-107],
[1; 9, . 88-89], [10, c. 160-168],
[2, . 26-29;
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: , [3, . 49].
, , [.: 3, . 50].

.
: creation, creative, creature, creator, create [4, c. 58; 7,
. 109; 8, . 98].

:
- , , : to make
something new, original, different [4, c. 58], to invest with a new form [8, c. 98],
to make something new, especially to invent something [7, c. 109];
- : the act of God in creating the universe, all that
God created [4, c. 58], God created the earth, and the heaven [7, c. 109], God
created the world [8, c. 98];
- : the act of God in creating the universe [4, c. 58], God
created the world [8, c. 98];
- , : the creation of great works, the creations of the
poet, the artist and the writer often brings fame [4, c. 58];
- : a thing that somebody has made,
especially something that shows imagination, [7, . 109];
- : the announcement only
succeeded in creating confusion [8, c. 98], it is important to create a good
impression when you meet a new client [7, c. 109], his behavior created a bad
impression [4, c. 58].

[5, c. 112-113; 6, c. 160-161]. -
:
[5, c. 112-113; 6, c. 160-161].
:
(, , ), (),
(
).

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2. . :
. : - -, 2000. 123 .
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. ..

,
, .
, . ..
, ,
, .:
+ .

,
( )
[1, c. 27].
(., .., .., ..)

, , [2, c. 37].
.., the constituents of the combinations form logically
consecutive connections that are classed as coordinative. Alongside of these, there
exist equipotent connections of a non-consecutive type, by which a sequential
element, although equal to the foregoing element by its formal introduction
(coordinative conjunction), is unequal to it as to the character of nomination.
- .
. , ,


,
[3, c. 231].
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.
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: aims and objectives (things that you

intend to achieve), pick and choose (to have the chance to choose the things you
prefer), mix and match (to choose different things such as clothes, styles, ideas
etc. and put them together), place and quiet (a calm, quiet situation in which you
are not annoyed by noise or other people), pots and pans (a round metal
container used for cooking with a handle), . ,
, . , , .
, .
,
, .

1. . : .
. . - . . . . .: . ,
1983. 383 .
2. . . . , .1 / .
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1. Macmillan Education. Between Towns Road, Oxford OX4 3PP A
division of Macmillan Publishers Limited Companies and representatives
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Publishers Ltd 2005 Illustrations. Macmillan Publishers Limited 2002.
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1. . ,
. // : . . . /
. . .. . . . . 2006. . 185-194.
2. . .
/ . . . // .
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Spasiba za bystryj otviet;) Sjejcias siju na uroke i ne mogu sosriedatocitsja...
Pozdravliaju i jdu twojego otvieta:)Pa
2. O4en zabawnyj podarok;) On ne tolko menya razvesielil-tak i moego
dryga! Ja sowsjem ne znal 4to tak mogu wygladit na fotografii. Spasiba, u menya
vsjo w parjadke, sliszkom mnogo zanjatij w szkole... 4erez 2 niedeli y nas
kanikuly. Nadejus, 4to pojedy w gory:)
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