EECE 301

Signals & Systems

Prof. Mark Fowler
Discussion #4
C-T Convolution Examples
C-T Convolution
Examples
Example 1: h(t)
Zero ICs
) (t f ) (t y
) ( ) ( ) ( : : Find
) ( 2 ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( : Given
t h t f t y response state Zero
t u e t t h t u e t f
t t
=
+ = =

[ ] ) ( 2 ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( t u e t t f t h t f t y
t
+ = =
Solution:
First well use properties of convolution to break this down into sub-problems.
By the distributive property we have:
) ( 2 ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( t u e t f t t f t y
t
+ =
Call this convolution y
1
(t)
call this h
1
(t)
Use Property of Convolution
with impulses
) ( ) ( ) (
1
t y t f t y + =
) ( f
1

) (
1
h
2

) ( f
1

) ( t f
1

0
0 ,
=
L

t
t L
=
,

Flipped
Flipped
& Shifted
Write as functions of :
: ) ( ) ( product for cases Only two
1
t f h
[ ]
[ ] 1 0
2
1
2
2
2 ) (
0
2
2
0
1
=

=
=
=

t t
b
t
t
e e e
d e e
d e e t y

0 ) (
1
< = t for e t y
t
RI: t < 0
) (
1
h

) ( t f

t
RII: t 0
) (
1
h

) ( t f

t
[ ]
[ ] [ ]
t
t t
t
t
t
t
e
e e e e
d e e t y

=
= =
=

2 2
1
0
2 ) (

0 ) (
1
=

t for e t y
t
So:

= +
< = +
=

0 , 0
0 , 0
) (
t for e e
t for e e
t y
t t
t t
) (t f ) (
1
t y
Nowassemble these results together:
) ( ) ( ) (
1
t y t f t y + =

<
=

0 ,
0 , 0
) (
t for e
t for
t y
t
Example 2:
[ ]
[ ]
) ( ) ( ) ( : Find
) 2 ( ) ( ) (
) 2 ( ) ( ) sin( ) ( : Given
t g t f t c
t u t u t g
t u t u t t f
=
=
=

First write as and flip one:
) ( f
1
-1

2
) ( g
1

2
2
0 ,
=
L
0
0 ,
=
R

Shift by t
1

2
,
= t
t L
t
t R
=
,

) ( t g
Now find the Regions of overlapthere are Four Regions
0 : t RI
) ( f
1
-1

2
1

2
,
= t
t L
t
t R
=
,

) ( t g
0 2
0 :

>
t
t RII
2 0 < t
Note: this region
includes the single t
value at which you
get complete overlap
) ( f
1
-1

2
,
= t
t L
t
t R
=
,

) ( t g
4 2 < t

>

2
2 2
:
t
t
RIII
) ( f
1
-1

2
,
= t
t L
t
t R
=
,

) ( t g
2 2 : > t RIV
4 > t
) ( f
1
-1

2
,
= t
t L
t
t R
=
,

) ( t g
RI and RIV Integrals
No Overlap Integrand = 0
c(t) = 0 for t 0
and t > 4
RII Integral
1
-1

2 t t
Product is non zero only here
integrate 0 to t
[ ] [ ]

2 0 ) cos( 1
1 ) cos( ) cos( ) sin( 1
0
0
< =
= =

t for t
t d
t
t
RIII Integral
1
-1

2
1

2 t
t
2 t
2 Integrate (t - 2) to 2
[ ] [ ]

4 2 1 ) cos(
) 2 cos( ) 2 cos( ) cos( ) sin( 1
2
2
2
) 2 (
< =
= =

t for t
t d
t
t
=cos(t) by
periodicity
cosine lowered by 1
Comment: note that you do not get a sinusoidout, because you
only put part of a sinusoid in!
2 3 4
1
Neg. cosine raised by 1
-1
cosine lowered by 1

>
<
<

=

4 , 0
4 2 , 1 cos
2 0 , cos 1
0 , 0
) (
t
t t
t t
t
t c
t
Nowassemble the parts that make up the output:
[ ]
[ ]
) ( ) ( ) ( : Find
) 4 ( ) 5 ( ) (
) 6 ( ) 4 ( ) ( : Given
2 1
2
1
t f t f t c
t u t u t f
t u t u A t f
=
+ + =
=
Example 3:
Write as and flip one:
) (
1
f
4 6

) (
2
f
4 5

A
B

Shift by t
4
,
+ = t
t L

5
,
+ = t
t R

4
0 ,
=
L
5
0 ,
=
R

RI: t + 5 < 4 t < -1 prod. = 0 c(t) = 0 t < - 1

RII: t + 5 4
t + 4 < 4
-1 t <0 product:
= =

+5
4
) (
t
ABd t c
0 1 < + t for AB ABt
Area = AB[(t+5)-4] =ABt + AB
AB
) (
1
f
4 6

) (
2
t f

A
B
4
,
+ = t
t L
5
,
+ = t
t R

4 t + 5

RIII: t + 4 4
t + 5 < 6
0 t < 1
product:
AB
Area = AB

t + 4 t + 5

+
+
=
5
4
) (
t
t
ABd t c
1 0 ) ( < = t for AB t c
) (
1
f
4 6

) (
2
t f

A
B
4
,
+ = t
t L
5
,
+ = t
t R

RIV: t + 5 6
t + 4 < 6
1 t < 2
product:
AB Area = AB(6 (t +4))
= 2AB - ABt
t + 4 6
2 1 2 ) (
6
4
< = =

+
t for ABt AB ABd t c
t

) (
1
f
4 6

) (
2
t f

A
B
4
,
+ = t
t L
5
,
+ = t
t R

RV: t +4 6 t 2 product = 0
c(t) =0 for t 2

<
<
< +
<
=
2 , 0
2 1 , 2
1 0 ,
0 1 ,
1 , 0
) (
t
t ABt AB
t AB
t AB ABt
t
t c
-1 1 2
AB
c(t)
t
) (
1
f
4 6

) (
2
t f

A
B
4
,
+ = t
t L
5
,
+ = t
t R

Nowassemble the pieces:

) ( ) ( ) ( : Find
) ( ) 3 ( ) (
) ( ) ( : Given
2 1
2
1
t f t f t c
t u t u t f
t u e t f
t
=
+ =
=

Example 4:
1
) (
1
f
0

for e

1
) (
2
f

3
1
) (
2
t f

t + 3 t
RI: t + 3 < 0 t < -3 prod = 0 c(t) =0 t < -3
RII: t +3 0
t < 0
-3 t <0 product:
3 0 +

t for e

[ ]
[ ]= =
= =
+
+
+

1
) (
) 3 (
3
0
3
0
t
t
t
e
e d e t c

0 3 1
) 3 (
<
+
t for e
t

t + 3
1
) (
1
f
0

for e

1
) (
2
t f

t + 3 t
product:
3 0 +

t for e

[ ]
= =
= = =

+
+
+

t t
t t
t
t
t
t
e e e
e e e d e t c
3
) 3 (
3
3
) (

( ) 0 1
3


t for e e
t

t + 3 t
RIII: t 0
1
) (
1
f
0

for e

1
) (
2
t f

t + 3 t

<
<
=

+
0 , ) 1 (
0 3 , 1
3 , 0
) (
3
) 3 (
t e e
t e
t
t c
t
t
) (t c
t
-3