c im nhn bit dng bi Changes: biu c t nht 2 mc thi gian do vic miu t

nhng thay i chnh kt hp vi s so snh cc mc thi gian l v cng quan trng (bng
cch dng dng so snh ca tnh t hoc trng t). S liu trong dng bi ny thng c
cung cp di n v thch hp hoc di dng phn trm.
Movement upwards : increase , go up, climb, rise
Movement downwards: decrease, go down, decline, drop
No movement: remain stable, stabilise
Reach the highest point of: reach a peak at
Reach the lowest point of: bottom at
Fluctuate
1.Describing trends: S dng Nouns- Danh t and Verbs-ng t
Trend- Xu hng l s thay i hay s chuyn ng theo mt hng nht nh. Nhng thay i
ny thng c th hin trong mc s v d nh dn s, khi lng sn xut, tht nghip. C
ba xu hng c bn nh sau: up, down, remain
Trong m t biu , ta c th s dng mt s mu cu c gi nh sau:
1. (Time period) + Subject + Verb to describe change + Adverb to describe the degree/ the
speed of change.
E.g: Between May and October, sales decreased slightly.
2. (Time period) + There to introduce the subject + article + Adjective to describe the
degree/ speed of change + Noun to describe change + in what
VD: From May to October, there was a slight decrease in sales
VD: From May to October there was a slight decrease in sales.


Bng di y cung cp cho bn mt s danh t v ng t dng cho vic din t xu
hng (Lu rng vic s dng cc th trong IELTS writing task 1 thay i ty theo bi cnh
thi gian)
Direction Verbs Nouns (+Preposition)
Go Up 1.Go up
Followed by prepositions:
From(number/%)
to...number/%)
Go.(number/%)
By(number/%)
To rise
To increase
To go up
To grow
To climb
2.Go up a lot
To surge
To take off
To shoot up
To soar
To rocket
To jump
1.Go up
Followed by prepositions:
From(number/%)
toumber/%)
In+ what
A rise
An increase
Show an upward trend
A growth
Show an upturn
2.Go up a lot
Show a surge
Show an upsurge
A jump
A leap
A boom
A bounce
To leap
To boom
To bounce
Go Down 1.Go down
Followed by prepositions:
From(number/%)
to(number/%)
To.(number/%)
To decrease
To fall
To decline
To drop
To reduce
To go down
To slip
To dip
2.Go down a lot
To slummet
To slump
To crash
To sink
To tumble
To plunge
1.Go down
Followed by prepositions:
From(number/%)
to(number/%)
In+ what
A decrease
A fall
A decline
A drop
A reduction
A downturn
A slip
A dip
A downward trend
2.Go down a lot
A slummet
A slump
A crash
A sink
A tumble
A plunge
Remain No change
Followed by at (number/%)
To level off
To flatten out
To stagnate
No change
Followed by at (number/%)
A leveling off
No change
Show stability
To stabilize
To stay/ To remain/ To keep
constant/ stable/ steady
/unchanged/the same level
Change of direction Followed by at, of
To peak at
To reach a peak of
To bottom out at
To hit a low point/a trough/ the
lowest/ the largest of
To flatuate/ vary around
To show some flatuation
(variation)
To stand at ( focus on a
particular point)
To plateau/ to reach a plateau
at

2.Khi mun miu t chi tit hn v mc ca s thay i, ta cn dng
thm Adjectives- Tnh t and Adverbs- Trng t

Degree Adj- Tnh t Adv- Trng t
Very extensive change dramatic Dramatically
Huge

Enormous Enormously
tremendous Tremendously
Extensive change Substantial Substantially
Considerable Considerably
Remarkable Remarkably
Significantly Significantly
Avarage change Noticeable Noticebly
Marked Markedly
moderate Moderately
Small change Slight Slightly
Small

minimal minimally
Miu t tc ca s thay i:
Adjectives Adverbs
Slow slowly
Gradual Gradually
Steady Steadily
Sudden Suddenly
Quick Quickly
Swift Swift
rapid Rapidly
Lu :
Soar and rocket l hai ng t rt mnh m m t tng ln kh cao. Rocket l bt ng
hn. Khi s dng t ny bn khng cn thm trng t
Leap cho thy mt s gia tng ln v t ngt. Vi ng t ny cng khng cn thm trng
t.
Climb l mt ng t tng i trung lp c th c s dng vi cc trng t bn di.
Plummet l t mnh nht miu t s gim xung. N c ngha l gim rt nhanh chng
v mt chng ng di. Drop and drop are normally used for fairly small decreases
Drop and Dip cng thng c dng nh mt danh t. V d nh a slight dip, a
sudden drop
sudden and sharp c th c dng cho nhng thay i nh nhng din ra t ngt.
spectacular and dramatic l nhng tnh t mnh dng miu t nhng thay i rt rt
ln.
marginal is a particularly useful word for describing very small changes
overall c th c dng miu t s thay i trong sut thi gian di, rt hu ch v hay
c s dng trong phn m bi v phn kt lun.
upward and downward l nhng tnh t, trng t ca n l upwards and
downwards



1. Xu hng tng
Tng Tng mnh
Verb Noun Verb Noun
rise (rose) a rise soar (soared) x
increase (increased) an increase rocket (rocketed) x
climb x boom (boomed) boom
go up (went up) x leap (leapt) leap
grow (grew) a growth shoot up (shot up) x
improve (improved) an improvement surge upsurge
2. Xu hng gim
Gim Gim mnh
Verb Noun Verb Noun
Decrease(decreased) A decrease plummet (plummeted) x
Drop (dropped) A drop plunge (plunged) a plunge
Decline (declined) A decline collapse (collapsed) a slump
Reduce (reduced) A reduction sink (sank) x
Fall (fell) A fall crash (crashed) a crash
go down x
Diminish(diminished) x
3. Xu hng n nh
There was no change
S didnt change
S remained unchanged/steady/ stable/ constant at + number
Maintained the same level of/at
Stayed at
Stabilized at/ stood at
Leveled off/ out + at
hover around at + number
4. Xu hng phc hi
jump back to + number
turn back to + number
come back to + number
recover back to + number
5. Xu hng dao ng
slightly/strong fluctuate
witness erratic/unpredictable ups and downs: chng kin s ln xung tht thng
6. Mt s cu trc khc

reached a peak : t ti nh im
fell to a dip/trough: chm y (im y)
Constituted = made up = accounted for : chim (bao nhiu %)
A constituted 33% of the total
B made up also 33%
C accounted for the highest percentage which was 34%

reach the highest point of + number: t i im cao nht
hit a low of + number
bottom out at + number
in ascending/rising/increasing order: theo th t tng dn
in descending/decreasing order: theo th t gim dn
on a rise/on an upward trend
surpass/outstrip in something: vt tri
7. Trng t, tnh t ch s thay i
Adj Adv Meaning
Small change steady steadily u n
slight slightly nh
gradual gradually dn dn
Large change considerable considerably ng k
sharp sharply mnh
dramatic dramatically gy n tng
significant significantly ng k
Adj Adv Meaning
substantial substantial ng k
1/ Tng (increase): rise, augment, grow, go up (v), to be up
- tng nhanh: soar (v), sky-rocket (v), shoot up (v)
- tng chm, nhch tng cht mt: inch up (v)
- leo thang: escalate (v, escalation (n)), climb (v)
- ln ti nh: to reach a peak, peak (v)

2/ Gim (decrease): fall (v, n), drop (v, n), tumble (v), slump (v), decline (v), go
down (v), to be down
- gim nhanh: plunge (v), nose-dive (v), plummet
- Thu hp (e.g., th phn): diminish, shrink, contract
- Chm y: to reach/hit rock-bottom, a trough (im y)
Reduce khc vi fall, hay drop ch to reduce l transitive verb (to reduce ST)
trong khi fall v drop l intransitive verb. Vd: The company reduced their prices,
but their prices fell.

3/ n nh: level out (v)
Dng thm tnh t/trng t:
Chng ta c th dng adj hay adverbs b sung cho ng t.
+ ch cng :
Mnh: dramatic (dramatically), sharp (sharply), huge (hugely), enormous
(enormously), steep (steeply), tremendous (tremendously)
Nhiu, ng k: substantial (substantially), considerable (considerably),
significant (significantly), marked (markedly)
Va phi: moderate (moderately)
Nh: slight (slightly)
t: small, little
Ti thiu: minimal (minimally)

+ ch tc :
Nhanh, thnh lnh: rapid (rapidly), quick (quickly), swift (swiftly), sudden
(suddenly)
u: steady (steadily), constant (constantly). Thng dng kiu nh to remain
unchanged/stable/steady, to stay constant
Dn dn: gradual (gradually)
Chm: slow (slowly)
m t
mc ca s bin thin: dng trng ng hoc tnh t


WRITE INTRODUCTION
1:
The table below presents the number of children ever born to women aged 40-44 years in Australia
for each year the information was collected since 1981.
the number of children = the number of live birth
women aged 40-44 years in Australia = Australian mothers within the age range from 40-44 years
for each year = annual/ by year/ per year
since 1981 = from 1981 onwards
on m bi cho 1:
The table show the number of live birth per year from 1981 onwards among Australian
mothers within the age range from 40-44 years.
2:
The graphs below provide information on global population figures and figures for urban populations
in different world regions.
global population = population all over the world/ worldwide population
urban population in different world regions = population of urban areas in several countries
on m bi cho 2:
The graphs present the population all over the world and the population of urban areas in
several countries.
3:
The diagrams below show UK students responses to the question of to what extent would they
describe themselves as financially organised.
responses = answers
extent = level
describe = consider/ assess
financially organised = organising ability in terms of finance
on m bi cho 3:
The diagrams indicate the answers of students in UK to the question that required them to
assess their own organising ability in terms of finance.






Chc nng ca on m bi task 1: m t khi qut v i tng ca biu
K nng cn thit vit on m bi task 1: paraphrase bi, tc l vit li chnh cc thng tin
trong bi nhng dng cc t ng khc
V d:
The graph below shows the proportion of Internet users aged 25 and over between 1910 and 2010
in three different regions.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information. You should write at least 150
words.
Cc bc vit on m bi cho task 1 ny nh sau.
Bc 1: Xc nh cc key words trong bi
o proportion of Internet users aged 25 and over
o between 1910 and 2010
o three different regions
Bc 2: Xc nh cc t/cm t c th paraphrase c

Bc 3: Vit on m bi
The graph illustrates the percentage of people using the Internet who are aged 25 years or older
over a period of 100 years in three locations.
Bi tp: Cc bn hy tp vit on m bi cho cc task 1 di y (bn hy vit vo phn
comment bn di coi nh np bi)
1:
The graphs below give information about computer ownership as a percentage of the population
between 2002 and 2010, and by level of education for the years 2002 and 2010.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons
where relevant.
2:
The diagrams below show how an area called Meadowside developed from a village into a suburb of
the city of Fonton.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons
where relevant.
3:
The bar chart below shows the results of a survey conducted by a personnel department at a major
company. The survey was carried out on two groups of workers: those aged from 18-30 and those
aged 45-60, and shows factors affecting their work performance.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.

1:
The graphs below give information about computer ownership as a percentage of the
population between 2002 and 2010, and by level of education for the years 2002 and 2010.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make
comparisons where relevant.

The introduction:
The graphs show the proportion of people using computers in the whole population, and in
categories of educational level over a 8-year period.
2:
The diagrams below show how an area called Meadowside developed from a village into a
suburb of the city of Fonton.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make
comparisons where relevant.

The introduction:
The map presents the development of a village named Meadowside into a suburb of the Fonton city.
3:
The bar chart below shows the results of a survey conducted by a personnel department at a
major company. The survey was carried out on two groups of workers: those aged from 18-
30and those aged 45-60, and shows factors affecting their work performance.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.

The introduction:
The chart illustrates the findings of a study performed by a large company which investigated the
factors influencing the occupational function of employees in two age groups, namely 18-30 years of
age and 45-60 years old.


error recognition
Bn hy tm 10 li sai trong on vn di y v sp xp cc li sai y vo 5 loi li sai m cc th
sinh IELTS thng mc phi:
1. Sai th ca cu
2. Dng sai dng b ng/ch ng
3. Ch ng v v ng nhau: ch ng s t i vi v ng chia ngi s nhiu v ngc li
4. Sai gii t
5. Thiu mo t (a, the)
on vn:
The graph show changes in participation of different activities at a sports club. Firstly, participation in
swimming was decreased for 1983 to 2003. In 1983 50% of club members do swimming but only
15% participate in this in 2003. Secondly, the percentage who do team sports have been remained
constant during that period. Participaton reached peak in 1998. Finally, gym activities grew up from
1983 to 2003.

on vn gc: (ch xanh = li sai)
The graph (1) show changes in participation (2) of different activities at a sports club. Firstly,
participation in swimming (3) was decreased (4) for 1983 to 2003. In 1983 50% of club members (5)
doswimming but only 15% (6) participate in this in 2003. Secondly, the percentage who (7) do team
sports (8) have been remained constant during that period. Participaton reached (9) peak in 1998.
Finally, gym activities (10) grew up from 1983 to 2003.
on vn sau khi sa li: (ch = li sai c sa cho ng)
The graph shows changes in participation of in different activities at a sports club. Firstly,
participation in swimming was decreased for from 1983 to 2003. In 1983 50% of club
members do did swimming but only 15% participate participated in this in 2003. Secondly, the
percentage who do did team sports have been remained constant during that period. Participaton
reached a peak in 1998. Finally, gym activities grew up from 1983 to 2003.
Phn loi cc li sai:
1. Ch ng l the graph nn show phi chia ngi s t
2. Sai gii t: of -> in
3. Dng sai dng b ng: decrease trong trng hp ny dng dng ch ng
4. Sai th ca cu (ang m t qu kh): do -> did
5. Sai th ca cu: participapte -> participated
6. Sai th ca cu: do -> did
7. Dng sai dng b ng: remain trong trng hp ny dng dng ch ng
8. Thiu mo t: reach a peak
9. Dng sai ngha: grow up l ln ln, cn grow l tng cho nn phi b up i