GRAPHS OF FUNCTIONS

BASIC POINTS :

For a graph of a function y=f(x) , for every x there is one
and only one corresponding value of y.

The graph is set of all the points in the plane of the form
( x , f(x) ).

The graph of a function therefore has the property that a
vertical line through any point on the x-axis has at most
one point of intersection with the graph. This is called
the vertical line test.

Even Functions : Symmetric about y-axis
Odd Functions : Symmetric in opposite
Quadrants.


TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS




INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS :
MOD FUNCTION
y = |x|
y = x , for x > 0
y = -x , for x < 0
e.g. when x = 2 , y = 2 but when x = -2 , y = -(-2) = 2


EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS
y = a^x where a >1
e.g. y = 2^x , 3^x , e^x

x = 0 => y = 1
x => y
x 0 => y0


LOG FUNCTION
y = log x ( where base is a and a>1 or 0<a<1)
=> x = a^y

y=0 => x = 1
y => x
y - => x0


POLYNOMIAL FUNCTION :
Graph of a polynomial function is always
continuous .
for e.g. y = x^2 , x^3 etc.


GREATEST INTEGER FUNCTION
Represented as y = [x]
Also called big bracket x.
y =[x] => y = -3 -3 x <-2
-2 -2 x < -1
-1 -1 x < 0
0 0 x < 1
1 1 x < 2
2 2 x < 3
3 3 x < 4
Graph is discontinuous at integral values of x.
Neither even nor odd.

Greatest Integer Function
SIGNUM FUNCTION
For a graph y= sgn f(x) ,
y = 1 , f(x) >0
= 0 , f(x) =0
= -1 , f(x) < 0
e.g. For the graph of y = sgn x , here we
refer to the graph of
y = x to plot the graph
of y = sgn x

The graph is also
discontinuous .