Section ( a) Reading

Comprehensive passage 20
Marks
Q A1 & A2 two unseen passages with a variet o!
"uestions inc#uding 0$ marks !or voca%u#ar such as words
!ormation and in!erring meaning and 02 marks !or note
making&
'he tota# #ength o! the 2 passages wi## %e %etween
1100(1$00 words& 'he passage wi## inc#ude two o! the
!o##owing)(
a) Factual passage)( instructions* descriptions* reports&
%) Discursive passage involving opinion + argumentative*
persuasive or interpretative te,t
c) Literary passage:- e,tract !rom -ction* drama* poetr*
essa or %iograph&
.nsee
n
passag
e
/o& o!
words
'esting areas Marks
a##otted
1
000(
100
a) Short answer tpe
"uestions
02
%
)
3oca%u#ar 0$
2
400(
500
a) /ote making in an
appropriate !ormat
05
%
)
Summar 0$
/ote)(
A passage of about 700-800 words carrying 12 marks &
another passage of about 400-500 words carrying 80 marks
Reading Ski##s)(
!eading is a ski"" that can be ac#uired Any one can "earn to
read better and faster & thereby comprehend in "esser time
$teps for dea"ing with reading a passage%-
a& !ead the passage #uick"y to get the genera" sense
b& !ead each #uestion carefu""y
c& !e- read the passage se"ecti'e"y( to )nd answers to the
#uestions
d& *oncentrate on each #uestion +hen you see the answer of the
#uestion( write it down in your own words ,ot in the "anguage
of used in the te-t
e& .he answer shou"d be written in a simp"e and correct "anguage
f& +rite answer in brief
g& .he answer shou"d be in the same tense as used in the
#uestion
h& .he answer shou"d be based on what is mentioned in the
passage
6assage 1 (7actua#)
A
1
!ead the fo""owing passage and answer the #uestion that fo""ow%-
1 .he /ndian team0s win in 1akistan wi"" without doubt gets
"aced with romanticism of the kind reser'ed for any ma2or
achie'ement .radition and history may not mean much to
generation of compu"si'e consumers 3of the /. techno"ogy and 4.5
channe" kind6( but it may sti"" not be out of p"ace to remind young
generation that when /ndia won its )rst .est 4atch 7 against
8ng"and in 1952 in 4adras 7 the who"e nation beamed with pride
e'en though there were no corporate sponsors to remind us how
great a nation we had become
2 /n the near se'en-decade history of /ndia0s .est *ricket( the
year 1971 wi"" rank as one of the greatest /t was a year when A2it
+adekar and his men won a series in the west /ndies and then went
on to beat 8ng"and in 8ng"and
: +ho can forget ; $ *handrashaker0s spe"" of < for :8 at .he
='a" that he"ped /ndia win on the 8ng"and soi" for the )rst time
e'er( /n fact( to most of us that achie'ement sti"" ranks as one of
the )nest moments of /ndian cricket and that team itse"f was one of
the best /ndia has e'er had
4 4o'e on to the eighties( the 198: +or"d *up win & the
demotion of 8ng"and in 8ng"and in 198< .hat we ha'e sti"" to win a
series out side the sub-continent after that makes the 2-0 'ictory of
>api" ?e'0s team e'en more ama@ing and creditab"e Aust imagineB
.he /ndian side of the eighties had $uni" Ca'askar and >ris $rikanth
as openers and had a batting "ineup that )gured the "ikes of Cr
5ishwanath( ?i"ip 5engsarksr( 4ohinder Amarnath( 4d A@aharuddin(
fo""owed by the a"" around ski""s of >api" ?e'( it was as formidab"e a
batting "ine up as one can imagine and it that team had the support
of Aa'aga" $rinath and the spin #uartet of ;edi( prasanna( chandra &
5enkat( it wou"d be safe to assure that /ndia wou"d ha'e been .est
*ricket0s wor"d champions at that time of course( we sti"" wou"d ha'e
needed a Ahon +right to be around
5 /n the nineties( /ndia under 4ohammad A@ahrauddin became
the undisputed wor"d *hampions in home conditions but their record
away from home was so abysma" that it "ed to the team being
dubbed as D"ions at homeD "ambs abroad
< Eistory is being changed and reshaped by $aura' Cangu"y0s
unorthodo- but 'ery eFecti'e "eadership and the great ski""s of his
men .he "ast three years ha'e seen the seeds of professiona"ism
being sown in the team with +right p"aying a phenomena" ro"e in
he"ping this side ac#uire that cutting edge which teams of the past
"acked
7 /ndia now has a team that p"ayed wonderfu""y 2oyous cricket
in the past coup"e of years /t did not "ose a series away from home
against 8ng"and and most important"y( in Austra"ia And now( it has
won in 1akistan( its )rst away series win since 199:
/t wi"" a"ways be debatab"e to say to say which /ndian team has
been the best e'er( though one won can safe"y take the risk and say
that if e'er there was a team hard to beat( it has to be this one
*oup"ed with a batting "ine 7up that must be sure"y gi'ing
nightmares to any opposition is the emergence of two outstanding
swings bow"ers G ;a"a2i and /rfan 1athan And then there is Ani"
>umb"e who has now shown that if he has the back 7up of runs and
#ua"ity bow"ers( he is a match winner e'en in a"ien conditions
8 .he team0s support system of +right( Andrew Geipus and
trainer Cregory kings Hcontinuing with the trainings re'o"ution
started by Adrean Ge !ou- & has knitted together a bunch of
e-treme"y ta"ented p"ayers into a fa'orab"e professiona" set up
9 .hough they "ack a genuine a"" rounderI an accomp"ished
wicket keeper and they suFer from se"f-created prob"ems of a
sett"ed opening pair( it may sti"" be sage to say that not on"y is this
the best /ndian team e'er( it has the making of the best team in the
wor"d
1
0
$ponsors keep your spending options open Austra"ia bewareB
Ha
&
=n the basis of your reading of the passage answer the fo""owing
#uestions%-
a& +hy was 1971 remarkab"e in the cricketing history of /ndiaJ 1
b& +hat g"ory did >api" ?e'0s team bring in the eightiesJ 2
c& +hat cou"d ha'e made the /ndian cricket team word champions
in the eighties
2
d& Eow was the /ndian team dubbed as in the ninetiesJ 2
e& Eow did $aura' Cangu"i0s "eader ship he"p reshape the teamJ 1
f& Eowe'er( what is it that the /ndian team sti"" "acksJ 1
g& Kind words from the passage which mean the same as the
fo""owing%-
i =f #uite good standardI deser'ing praise 3 para 4 6
ii /mpressi'e( powerfu" but diLcu"t 3 para 4 6
iii /n'iting two opinions 3 para 8 6
Answer )(
a& .he year1971 was remarkab"e because in this year A2it wadekar
and his team won a series in +est /ndies and then went on to
beat 8ng"and in 8ng"and
b& >api" ?e'0s team won the word cup in 198: and beat 8ng"and in
8ng"and /t was an ama@ing and creditab"e achie'ement
c& /ndia had formidab"e batting "ine-up in the eighties whit p"ayers
"ike $uni" Ca'askar( >ris $rikanth etc if it had the support of the
ace p"ayers "ike Aa'aga" $rinath( ;edi and 1rasanna and some
others( then it cou"d be the word champions
d& /t was dubbed as D"ions at home( "ambs abroad because their
performance was great in the home"and but out side it was
abysma"
e& $aura' Cangu"y "eadership sowed the seed of professiona"ism in
the team the team has ac#uired the cutting edge which teams
of the past "acked
f& /t "acks a genuine a"" rounder( and accomp"ished wicket keeper
and suFers from prob"ems of sett"ed opening pair
g& Hi& *reditab"e
Hii& Kormidab"e
Hiii& ?ebatab"e
/otes !or the students)
.he answer to the #uestions shou"d be brief and to the
point /t shou"d be started with the "anguage of the #uestion and
in the same tense too ,e'er begin your answer with Dbecause0
write the comp"ete sentence
6assage 2 (8iscursive passage)
1 .he short stories as a brief and comp"ete narrati'e(
restricted to a sing"e eFect and dea"ing for this reason with
one pro)"e( some particu"ar and re'ea"ing aspects of the
centra" character0s persona"ity in a sing"e episode( is
perhaps a )fteen or si-teenth century phenomenon in
8urope /t de'e"oped e'ident"y( from stories( wo'en into
regu"ar no'e"s( such as in *er'antes M ?on Nui-oteO and in
A"e-ander ?umas M.he .hree 4usketeersO /n the 8ng"and of
?r A=E,$=, D$ era( the shorts stories techni#ue was app"ied
to ta"es for teaching mora" "esson =n"y in the nineteenth
century did it begin to ac#uire the form that is fami"iars to us
today 1erhaps the greatest fractioner of the short stories in
8urope( and the man who ga'e it its modern status as an
independent and specia" "iterary form( was Cuy de
4aupassant Krom Krance( the form tra'e"ed to 8ng"and and
!ussia and was immediate"y adopted in America( 8dgar(
A""en pope used the shirt stories form for ta"es of mood and
horror as we"" as for detecti'e stories = Eenry tuned the
short stories to humors and wit
2 /t was ine'itab"e that( under the inPuence of 8ng"ish
writing( when the ;ritish ru"ed south Asia( the short form
shou"d make its way here
As in other p"ace in south Asia too( $tory 7 te""ing is
an ancient art o"der than the M>atha $arit $agarO and the
MpanchtantraO H'o"umes of stories and fab"es& ;ut the short
stories in story te""ing did not de'e"ope signi)cant"y as an
independent form unti" story te""ing was yanked into the
modern age with the work of 1remchand who wrote in Qrdu
and Eindi Eis "anguage might be described most apt"y as
Eindustani I the trunk from which the persiani@ed re)nement
branched out into and the $anskrit0s re)nement into Eindi
.he direction toward the modern0s sensibi"ity came from him
primari"y and the thread was picked up by /smate *hugtai
who came into popu"ar acc"aim with her two 'o"umes of
short stories( Mka"ianO and MchotanO Eer stories dramati@ed
in character in action the socia" way wi"es and wisdom of
man and women of the 19:0s and the 1940sI though she
continued to write in the fo""owing years and though her
work retained its ner'e and pointedness( she has been
considered essentia""y as some kind of a bridge between the
restrained story writing of 1remchand on the one hand and
the Hsome times shocking"y& candid and e-p"icit stories of
$aadat Eassan 4anto and the two most prominent )ction
writers spawned by the progressi'e writers mo'ement(
>rishen *hander and !a2inder $ingh $ingh ;edi
: .hese three writers( 4anto ( >rishen and ;edi( "ifted
the Qrdu short story to its most sophisticated "e'e" .hey
ha'e been recent"y made a'ai"ab"e to the 8ng"ish 7 reading
pub"ic in trans"ation by 4r Aai !atan 7 two 'o"umes of the
se"ected short stories of >rishen *hander and !a2inder $ingh
;edi pub"ished by the sahitya academy( ,ew ?e"hi and a
co""ection of the short stories of $aadat Eassan 4anto ( M
.he ;est of 4anto (O pub"ished by $tar"ing pub"isher ,ew
?e"hi
4 =f these three writers( 4anto( who died in 1955 at the
young age of forty two 'eered dictiona""y to the "anguage
used by 1rem *hand (Eindustan written in a"if-bey but
carrying thought and imp"ication that was a great dea" more
subt"e and pointed Eowe'er( what 4anto known for are his
de)ance of socia" con'ention about what may and may not
be pub"ic"y stated( and his penchant for depicting scenes
and action e-p"icit"y A certain section of the pub"ic the
midd"e c"ass orthodo- who preferred a g"oss of mora"ity
and stood reso"ute"y by ossi)ed rites and attitudes 7opposed
him with a"" the inPuence at its command( and he was
hau"ed up a number of times on the charges of obscenity /f
there is anything for which one might ca"" him to account( it
is that he tends occasiona""y to be se"f-conscious"y
unreser'ed and unrestrained in his picking of themes and in
the "anguage in which he e-pressed himse"f( for a"" this(
4anto0s stories reminiscent in some ways of 4aupassant do
not make "ust( greed and e-p"oitation attracti'e( though he
writes with sympathy for the twi"ight wor"d of prostitutes and
under dogsI his know"edge and understanding of their "ines(
aspirations and endea'ors are ob'ious"y authentic $tories
such as M>ho" ?eO Htrans"ated by 4r Aai !atan as D"oosen up
0& M.oba .ake $inghO and M;abu CopinathO are today a"most
c"assics and wi"" continue to stay re"e'ant to the $outh Asian
1redicament for a "ong time
Answer the fo""owing #uestions briePy
a& ,ame the man who ga'e the short story its modern status
as an independent "iterary form
1
b& ,ame two 'o"umes of stories and fab"es written in /ndia 2
c& +hat is the contribution of 1rem *hand to the short story
writing in /ndia
1
d& +hy did 4anto0s stories earn the stigma of obscenity 1
e& +hat are the main characteristics of /smat *hugtais short
storiesJ
1
f& Kind words in the passage which con'ey simi"ar meaning as
the fo""owings% -
:
i *"ear"y Hpara 1&
ii *on'entiona" Hpara 4&
iii

+ithout any
check
Hpara 4&
g& $e"ect three appropriate e-pressions from the abo'e
passage( which may describe 4antos sty"e of writings
:
Answer with 9ints
a& ,ame of the man was ----------------------------------------------
b& ---------------------- >atha sarit sagar and the panchtantara
c& $hort stories writing in /ndia de'e"oped its moderns and
independents from on"y with ad'ent of 1remchand Ee
------------------------Huse past tense&
d& -------------------- wrote with sympathetic of prostitute and
underdogs
e& .he main characterstics of /smata *hugtais shirt stories are
-------------
f& i Hpara 1&
ii Hpara 4&
iii Hpara 4&
g& Kind the correct answer from 31ara 46
/:';)(
/n the gi'en abo'e passage you see that the answers hide
themse"'es in paragraphs you ha'e to )nd them out and take
the "anguage of the #uestion and the comp"ete the answers /t is
to easy to do 1ractice is re#uired
6assage$ <=iterar 6assage(;ssaR
1 $ome po"itica" thinkers think that "iberty and e#ua"ity can
not go together .hey think that "iberty imp"ies the freedom to
do what one "ikes to do .his is true if freedom is interpreted in
its abso"ute sense to mean that e'ery indi'idua" sha"" be free
according to his opportunities( there wi"" be chaos /t is a "esson
of history that it peop"e are a""owed to do as they wish the
c"e'er and more capab"e used their freedom to concentrate a""
wea"th and power in themse"'es to the misery and oppression of
the rest =b'ious"y the negati'e 'iew is described by those who
be"ong to pri'i"eged section of community and for this reason
seek to maintain status #uo for the sake of their 'ested
interests .hey think that e#ua"ity is unattainab"e under
conditions of such unrestricted freedom Gord action therefore(
says( M.he passion of e#ua"ity made 'ain the hope of "ibertyO
2 .he e-ponents of this 'iew he"d that "iberty is natura"(
e#ua"ity is not( nature itse"f created diFerences( for e-amp"e(
some are inte""ectua"s( others are not Giberty means freedom
ie no restrictions( e#ua"ity needs some restrictions .his is
against the princip"e of "iberty .he institution of property is a
natura" institution and therefore( shou"d not be restricted by
e#ua"ity 1erfect e#ua"ity is not possib"e when enforced by state
.his means that the power of the state wi"" increase 8-cess
power of the state is harmfu" to the "iberty of the peop"e
4oreo'er( state has produced many e'i"s of capita"ism /f has
encouraged e-p"oitation /t has gi'en protection to the
capita"ists $uch a state can not gi'e perfect e#ua"ity $o( the
hope of "iberty a"so 5anishes away ?emocracy is said to be a
system based on "iberty and e#ua"ity ;ut unfortunate"y(
democracy is either becoming e"ite0s democracy or do""ar
democracy Kurther this is contro""ed by the educated c"ass or by
the capita"ist 1resence of chite or capita"ist is ine#ua"ity Eence
"iberty and e#ua"ity appear opposed to each other
: .he "ibera"s as we"" as 4ar-ists ha'e asserted that "iberty
and e#ua"ity are not opposed to each other Giberty has no
measuring if it is not en2oyed by a"" A"" may en2oy "iberty on"y
when pri'i"eged c"asses are abo"ished in the societyS /n a society
of the une#ua"( freedom becomes force +hat is the use of
e-pression of thought( when some are depri'edJ A sound pub"ic
opinion cannot be formed( that is why !E tawny obser'es that
a "arge measure of e#ua"ity( as far from being inimica" in'ited to
"iberty( is essentia"s to it
4 /f there is on"y "iberty( there wi"" be anarchy Giberty wi"" be
e-p"oited for persona"s pro)ts ?unham writes( Ma group of men
whose socia" ro"e consist of taking pro)ts from other peop"e
"abour can ha'e no profound be"ief in e#ua"ity and fraternity as
desired ideas(O .hus "iberty needs e#ua"ity( so that there is no
cent ration connection of wea"th in one or few hands .he
4ar-ists ha'e gone to the e-tent of saying that "iberty and
e#ua"ity are c"ose"y re"ated for a c"ass"ess society
5 .he "ibera"s think that democracy can ne'er be successfu"
ti"" there is perfect "iberty with e#ua"ity Gaski( a champion of
"ibera"ism writes( M.here cannot( in a word( be a democratic
go'ernment with out e#ua"ity( and without democratic
go'ernment there can not be freedom( ?emocracy is based on
po"itica" e#ua"ity 1o"itica" e#ua"ity is not possib"e without socia"
and economica" e#ua"ity /n the absence of socia" e#ua"ity( some
socia" c"ass wi"" dominate po"itics and in the absence of
economic e#ua"ity those ho"ding the means of production wi""
dominate po"itics $o in the absence of socia" economic e#ua"ity
"iberty is 2ust a myth 1eop"e may en2oy rea" "iberty on"y where
socia" and economic e#ua"ity are estab"ished .his wi"" make
democracy successfu"
< .hus( we )nd that "iberty without e#ua"ity is meaning"ess
+e may en2oy "iberty on"y when there is perfect e#ua"ity /f
"iberty is to be 'iewed as a positi'e thing then e#ua"ity is a pre 7
re#uisite
7 .he 4ar-ists c"ear"y stated there is ine#ua"ity in the
society due to the institution of pri'ate property 4any
contemporary "ibera" writers e-pressed the re"ation between
property and e#ua"ity but 4ar-ists scienti)ca""y ana"y@ed the
#uestion of e#ua"ity in re"ation to property .hey maintaine that
a c"ass"ess society cou"d on"y be estab"ished /n a c"ass"ess
society one wi"" work according to one0s abi"ity and each wi"" get
according to one0s need
8 .he 4ar-ists maintain that socia" and po"itica" e#ua"ity is
a myth without economic e#ua"ity /n the absence of economics
e#ua"ity those ho"ding the means of production wi"" dominate
po"itics .hey refuse that the state can create e#ua"ity in a c"ass
di'ided society through we"fare measures .hey be"ie'e that
socia" ownership of the means of production in a gi'en society is
a precondition for economic #ua"ity .he 4ar-ists accept that a""
distinctions can not be remo'ed .hey say ( M*ommunist
e#ua"ity pre-supposes the eradication not on"y of a"" the
distinctions but such conditions as wou"d gi'e rise to a
diFerence in the socia" position of peop"eO
Answer the !o##owing "uestions %rie>)(
a& one is a""owed to do as( one wishes what wi"" be the state of
societyJ
b& +hat do "ibera"s and 4ar-ists ho"d in commonJ
c& Eow( according to Gask ( democracy ( freedom and e#ua"ity
depend upon on one another J
d& Eow can a c"ass "ess society be estab"ished according to
4ar-istsJ
Hb& Kind words in the passage which con'ey simi"ar meanings as
the fo""owings%-
i *omp"ete
ii Qtter confusion
iii Ea'ing specia" right
Hc& $e"ect the appropriate e-pressions from the abo'e passage
that present 4ar-ists 'iew of society
9ints
Ha& a& .here wi"" be aT T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
b& 1roth 4ar-ists ands "ibera" be"ie'e that T T T T T T
c& Gaski ho"ds that the concept of democracy is T T T T T T T T
d& T T T T T T T T T T when there is perfect e#ua"ity in society
e& T T T T T T T T T T T ( a c"ass"ess society can be set up T T T T T
T T /n such a society e'eryone wi"" work according to T T T T
T T T
Hb
&
Hi&(Hii&&Hiii& A"" are /n para1
Hc& !ead 1ara ; carefu""y