LIM V DIAZ-MILLAREZ

18 SCRA 371
October 19, 1966; REGALA
FACTS
- Cirilo Lim, claiming to be a nepe! o" te late #o$e %illare& !o
'ie' inte$tate "ile' a petition "or i$ appointment a$ ()'icial
a'mini$trator o" te e$tate o" te 'ecea$e'*
- +e petition allege' tat te 'ecea$e' le"t no relati,e$ $)c a$
'e$cen'ant$, a$cen'ant$ or $)r,i,ing $po)$e, e-cept collateral$*
- .a$ili$a /ia&-%illare&, claiming to be a !i'o! o" te 'ecea$e' "ile'
an oppo$ition on t!o gro)n'$0
1* tat te petitioner a$ an a',er$e intere$t in te e$tate; an'
1* tat te propertie$ o" te e$tate are te $)b(ect matter o" a
litigation bet!een er a$ plainti"" an' Cirilo Lim a$ 'e"en'ant
- 2en te ca$e !a$ calle' "or earing, bot partie$ mani"e$te' te
e-i$tence o" a litigation bet!een tem o,er te propertie$ o" te
e$tate*
- +C 'i$mi$$e' petition*
- 3ailing in i$ motion "or te recon$i'eration, petitioner Lim, bro)gt
te ca$e to te CA !ic certi"ie' te appeal to SC*
- 4n te Ci,il Ca$e0 /ia&-%illare& $o)gt to reco,er "rom Lim 151 o"
te total amo)nt o" 611,777 allege'l8 'eli,ere' to im b8 er an' te
'ecea$e' %illare& on ,ario)$ occa$ion$ an' to 'eclare er a$ te
o!ner o" 151 o" te pro"it$ an' gain$ 'eri,e' tere"rom, on te
gro)n' tat #o$e %illare& an' $e )$e' to li,e a$ )$ban' an' !i"e
"or abo)t 13 8ear$ an' a$ $)c $e i$ entitle' to 151 o" te propert8
el' in common b8 tem* Se a$$erte' ")rter tat $ince $e
contrib)te' capital an' labor to te tobacco b)$ine$$ in !ic $e
an' te 'ecea$e' !ere engage' an' "rom !ic te8 ga,e 611,777
in ca$ to Lim, $e !o)l' be entitle' to 151 o" te capital an' 151 o"
te procee'$ an' pro"it$ 'eri,e' "rom $)c capital*
ISSUE
2O9 Lim ma8 be appointe' a$ a'mini$trator o" te e$tate o" te
'ecea$e'*
HELD
- 9O* +e claim !ic .a$ili$a a$ again$t Cirilo in te ci,il ca$e i$
ba$e' on er 'eclare' rigt to one-al" o" te e$tate o" te 'ecea$e'*
- 4t cannot, tere"ore, be 'enie' tat Cirilo Lim, a$ a relati,e o" te
'ecea$e' a$ $ome intere$t a',er$e to tat o" .a$ili$a* So!n to
a,e $ome liabilitie$ to .a$ili$a an' to te e$tate a$ a !ole, Cirilo
cannot compatibl8 per"orm te ')tie$ o" an a'mini$trator*
- 4n ti$ ()ri$'iction, one i$ con$i'ere' to be )n$)itable "or
appointment a$ a'mini$trator !en e a$ a',er$e intere$t o" $ome
:in' or o$tilit8 to to$e imme'iatel8 intere$te' in te e$tate*
- +e 'etermination o" a per$on;$ $)itabilit8 "or te o""ice o" ()'icial
a'mini$trator re$t$, to a great e-tent, in te $o)n' ()'gment o" te
co)rt e-erci$ing te po!er o" appointment an' $ai' ()'gment i$ not
to be inter"ere' !it on appeal )nle$$ te $ai' co)rt i$ clearl8 in
error*
Disposition Or'er appeale' "rom a""irme'*
TORRES vs. JAVIER
3< 6il* 383;
%orelan'; %arc 1<, 1916
FACTS
-+!o !omen are claiming to be te legal !i"e o" 'ecea$e' +an 6o
6ic*
%arta +orre$ ob(ecte' to te appointment o" an8 e-cept er$el"*
#)an Caille$ +an 6oo, on beal" o" te Cine$e !oman =) +eng 9e!,
oppo$e' te appointment o" %arta +orre$*
-+e probate co)rt being )nable to 'etermine !o, i" eiter, !a$ te
la!")l !i"e o" te 'ecea$e', appointe' a 'i$intere$te' tir' per$on
>#)an L* #a,ier? to act a$ a'mini$trator*
-+i$ appeal i$ ta:en b8 %arta +orre$ "rom tat or'er o" appointment*
ISSUE
2O9 te probate co)rt ma8 ,ali'l8 appoint a 'i$intere$te' tir'
per$on a$ te a'mini$trator o" te e$tate
HELD
YES, te co)rt a' a rigt in ,ie! o" te contro,er$8 bet!een te
!omen to name a 'i$intere$te' tir' per$on a$ a'mini$trator an'
lea,e te contro,er$8 bet!een tem to be $ettle' in te
a'mini$tration procee'ing$ at te proper time*
-+e probate co)rt 'i' not "in' a$ a "act tat tere !a$ a !i"e in
Cina* +e co)rt con$i'ere' te "act$ an' circ)m$tance$ a$ te8
!ere pre$ente' in te procee'ing$ an' )pon te !ole belie,e' it "or
te be$t intere$t o" all concerne' to appoint a$ a'mini$trator a
'i$intere$te' tir' per$on, partic)larl8 in ,ie! o" te "act tat tere
!a$ li:el8 to be litigation bet!een %arta +orre$ an' te Cine$e !i"e
a$ to !ic i$ in "act i$ legal !i"e an' entitle' to an intere$t in te
e$tate o" te 'ecea$e' +an 6o 6ic*
Disposition #)'gment a""irme'*
PARAS V NARCISO
3@ 6A4L 1<<
CARSO9; 9o,ember 16, 1916
FACTS:
- +e trial co)rt 'enie' probate o" te !ill o" %ariano %ag$ino on te
gro)n' tat te !il !a$ prepare' an' $igne' b8 te !itne$$e$ a"ter
i$ 'eat*
ISSUES:
2O9 te oppo$itor in te probate o" te !ill a' $)""icient intere$t to
be allo!e' to maintain i$ oppo$ition
HELD: =ES
Ratio +e a'mi$$ion to probate o" a !ill ma8 be oppo$e' or
conte$te' b8, an' onl8 b8, per$on$ a,ing $ome intere$t in te e$tate
!ic !ill be a""ecte' an' concl)'e' b8 te probate o" te propo$e'
!ill* Ao!e,er, te appellant erein 'i' not ma:e an ob(ection in te
trial co)rt a$ to te inter,ention o" te oppo$itor*
Reasoning +e mere "act tat a $tranger a$ been permitte' to
oppo$e or conte$t te probate o" a !ill i$ not re,er$ible error an'
'oe$ not in,ali'ate te procee'ing$ !ere no ob(ection i$ interpo$e'
b8 an8 o" te partie$ in intere$t *+e ()'gment o" te co)rt in probate
procee'ing$ i$ not ba$e' on te "act tat tere i$ or i$ not oppo$ition
to te probate o" te !ill b)t )pon te pro')ction o" e,i'ence !ic
'i$clo$e$ tat tere are or are not $)""icient gro)n'$ "or te probate
o" te !ill a$ propo)n'e'; an' te rea$on "or te r)le e-cl)'ing
$tranger$ "rom conte$ting te !ill, i$ not tat tereb8 te co)rt ma8
be pre,ente' "rom learning "act$ !ic !o)l' ()$ti"8 or nece$$itate a
'enial o" probate, b)t rater tat te co)rt$ an' te litigant$ $o)l'
not be mole$te' b8 te inter,ention in te procee'ing$ o" per$on$
!it no intere$t in te e$tate !ic !o)l' entitle tem to be ear'
!it relation tereto*
- 4n te ca$e at bar, no ob(ection !a$ ma'e a$ to te inter,ention o"
te oppo$itor* 3)rter, it i$ to be ob$er,e' tat te ()'gment o" te
co)rt !a$ ba$e' on e,i'ence $)bmitte' b8 te oppo$itor* 9o
ob(ection !a$ ma'e on te gro)n' tat it !a$ $)bmitte' b8 a
$tranger* Aa,ing been a'mitte' to recor' !ito)t ob(ection, an'
being competent, rele,ant an' material, an' concl)$i,e in $)pport o"
te ()'gment o" te trial co)rt, it !o)l' be ab$)r' "or )$ to ol' tat
te ()'gment belo! erre' in ba$ing i$ ()'gment tereon, merel8 on
te gro)n' tat on appeal it i$ ma'e to appear or i$ a'mitte' tat te
conte$tant a' no intere$t in te e$tate* 2eter te conte$tant a'
or a' not an8 rigt to inter,ene, te e,i'ence $)bmitte' at te trial
!ito)t ob(ection, concl)$i,el8 $)$tain$ te "in'ing$ o" te trial ()'ge
on !ic e properl8 ba$e' i$ 'enial o" probate*
DURAN V DURAN
.eng&on; #)ne 1<, 1967
37 SCRA 331
FACTS
-6io /)ran 'ie' !ito)t te$tament*
-S)b$eB)ent to i$ 'eat, Cipriano /)ran, one o" te $)r,i,ing
broter$, e-ec)te' a p)blic in$tr)ment a$$igning an' reno)ncing i$
ere'itar8 rigt$ to te 'ece'ent;$ e$tate in "a,or o" #o$e"ina /)ran
"or con$i'eration*
-A 8ear later Cipriano /)ran "ile' a petition "or inte$tate procee'ing$
to $ettle 6io /)ran;$ e$tate, ")rter a$:ing tat e be name' te
a'mini$trator* #o$e"ina /)ran "ile' an oppo$ition, pra8ing "or it$
'i$mi$$al )pon te gro)n' tat te petitioner i$ not an Cintere$te'
per$onC in te e$tate, in ,ie! o" te 'ee' o" tran$"er an' ren)nciation
a"ore-$tate'* Repl8ing to ti$, Cipriano allege' tat #o$e"ina /)ran
!a$ not te 'ece'ent$ !i"e* Anent te 'ee' o" a$$ignment, e
conten'e' tat te $ame !a$ proc)re' tr) "ra)', !it gro$$
ina'eB)ac8 o" price an' ,itiate' b8 le$ion*
-Anoter broter o" te 'ece'ent, %ig)el /)ran, "ile' a petition to be
(oine' a$ co-petitioner o" Cipriano* #o$e"ina /)ran mo,e' to $tri:e
o)t $ai' petition a$ an improper attempt to inter,ene in te ca$e*
1
-Co)rt o" 3ir$t 4n$tance 'i$mi$$e' te action "or lac: o" intere$t in te
e$tate* Sai' lac: o" intere$t !a$ premi$e' on te 'ee' o" tran$"er
e-ec)te' b8 Cipriano, regar'ing !ic te co)rt 'eclare' it$el"
!ito)t po!er to e-amine in $ai' procee'ing$, collaterall8, te
allege' "ra)', ina'eB)ac8 o" price an' le$ion tat !o)l' ren'er it
re$ci$$ible or ,oi'able*
-Cipriano appeal$ rel8ing on 4n Re 4rene Santo$*
ISSUE
2O9 an a$$ignment b8 one eir o" i$ $are in te e$tate to a co-
eir amo)nt$ to a partition nee'ing appro,al b8 te $ettlement co)rt
to be e""ecti,e an' tat te a$$igning eir 'oe$ not lo$e i$ $tat)$ a$
a per$on intere$te' in te e$tate, e,en a"ter $ai' a$$ignment i$
appro,e' b8 te co)rt*
HELD
=e$, b)t $)c 'oe$ not appl8 to te ca$e at bar*
-+e $it)ation in te Santo$ ca$e in,ol,e$ an a$$ignment bet!een
co-eir$ pen'ente lite, ')ring te co)r$e o" $ettlement procee'ing$,
properl8 an' ,ali'l8 commence'* At te time o" $ai' a$$ignment,
tere"ore, te $ettlement co)rt a' alrea'8 acB)ire' ()ri$'iction o,er
te propertie$ o" te e$tate* A$ a re$)lt, an8 a$$ignment regar'ing
te $ame a' to be appro,e' b8 $ai' co)rt* An' $ince te appro,al
o" te co)rt i$ not 'eeme' "inal )ntil te e$tate i$ clo$e', te
a$$igning eir remain$ an intere$te' per$on in te procee'ing$ e,en
a"ter $ai' appro,al, !ic can be ,acate', i$ gi,en*
4n te pre$ent ca$e, o!e,er, te a$$ignment too: place !en no
$ettlement procee'ing$ !a$ pen'ing* +e propertie$ $)b(ect matter
o" te a$$ignment !ere not )n'er te ()ri$'iction o" a $ettlement
co)rt* Allo!ing tat te a$$ignment m)$t be 'eeme' a partition a$
bet!een te a$$ignor an' a$$ignee, te $ame 'oe$ not nee' co)rt
appro,al to be e""ecti,e a$ bet!een te partie$* An e-tra ()'icial
partition i$ ,ali' a$ bet!een te participant$ e,en i" te reB)i$ite$ o"
Sec 1, R)le 7< "or e-tra()'icial partition are not "ollo!e', $ince $ai'
reB)i$ite$ are "or p)rpo$e$ o" bin'ing cre'itor$ an' non-participating
eir$ onl8 >Aernan'e& ,$* An'al, 78 6il* 196?* So)l' it be
conten'e' tat $ai' partition !a$ atten'e' !it "ra)', le$ion or
ina'eB)ac8 o" price, te reme'8 i$ to re$cin' or to ann)l te $ame in
an action "or tat p)rpo$e* An' in te mean!ile, te a$$igning eir
cannot initiate a $ettlement procee'ing$, "or )ntil te 'ee' o"
a$$ignment i$ ann)lle' or re$cin'e', it i$ 'eeme' ,ali' an' e""ecti,e
again$t im, $o tat e i$ le"t !ito)t tat Cintere$tC in te e$tate
reB)ire' to petition "or $ettlement procee'ing$*
%ig)el /)ranD$ petition amo)nte' to a petition to inter,ene in te
$ettlement procee'ing$* A$ aptl8 r)le' b8 te co)rt a B)o $ince tere
!a$ reall8 no $ettlement procee'ing$ in te "ir$t place, te petition to
inter,ene m)$t be 'enie'*
3inall8, alto)g #o$e"ina /)ran pra8e' to be appointe'
a'mini$tratri-, er 'oing $o 'i' not a'mit to rati"ication o" te petition
"or $ettlement )n'er te r)ling in E)$ebio ,$* Ealmore$, $ince $e 'i'
$o merel8 b8 !a8 o" an alternati,e pra8er, $o)l' er motion to
'i$mi$$ "ail* An' $ai' motion to 'i$mi$$ !a$ properl8 $)$taine'*
/i$po$ition
A""irme'
JULITA RELUCIO V SAN JOSE
G*R* 9o* L-<783
%a8 16, 19@1
FACTS
- 4n $pecial procee'ing 9o* 77@88 o" te C34 %Anila, #)lita Rel)cio,
!a$ appointe' a'mini$tratri- o" te te$tate e$tate o" 3elipe Rel)cio,
Sr*, B)ali"8ing on A)g)$t 1<, 191@
- Fpon petition "ile' #)ne 17, 19@7 b8 Loren&o, Rolan'o an' Leticia
Rel)cio, C34 i$$)e' an or'er on #an)ar8 1@, 19@1, appointing
Rolan'o Rel)cio a$ a'mini$trator in $)b$tit)tion o" te petitioner-
- 4n te or'er o" %arc 17, 19@1, te co)rt merel8 ma'e re"erence to
te letter$ o" a'mini$tration i$$)e' in "a,or o" Rolan'o Rel)cio an'
'i' not pa$$ on te motion "or imme'iate e-ec)tion*
- On April 3, 19@1, Rolan'o Rel)cio "ile' a motion pra8ing tat te
petitioner be 'eclare' in contempt o" co)rt "or "ailing to 'eli,er to im,
a"ter 'eman', all paper$, 'oc)ment$, title$ an' propertie$ o" te
e$tate )n'er er a'mini$tration*
- 4n te or'er 'ate' April 17, 19@1, te C34 %anila 'enie' ti$ motion
"or contempt an' appointe' te EB)itable .an:ing Corporation a$
$pecial a'mini$trator pen'ing te appeal o" te petitioner "rom te
or'er o" #an)ar8 1@, 19@1*
- +e co)rt r)le' tat te appeal $)$pen'e' te appointment o"
Rolan'o Rel)cio a$ a'mini$trator; b)t in te $ame breat it ()$ti"ie'
te appointment o" te $pecial a'mini$trator b8 arg)ing tat, i" te
petitioner a$ to remain a$ a'mini$tratri- ')ring te pen'enc8 o" er
appeal, Ca remo,e' a'mini$trator ma8 ea$il8 n)lli"8 $)c remo,al b8
interpo$ing an appeal*C
- Fpon 'enial o" er motion "or recon$i'eration, te petitioner
in$tit)te' in ti$ Co)rt te pre$ent petition "or certiorari*
ISSUE
2O9 appointment o" E6C4. a$ S6EC4AL A/%494S+RA+OR i$
proper
HELD
- 9O* +e ca$e 'oe$ not "all )n'er an8 circ)m$tance in !ic a
$pecial a'mini$trator ma8 be appointe'*
- +e ca$e$ in !ic a $pecial a'mini$trator ma8 be appointe' are
$peci"ie' in $ection 1 o" R)le 81 o" te R)le$ o" Co)rt !ic pro,i'e$
a$ "ollo!$0 C2en tere i$ 'ela8 in granting letter$ te$tamentar8 or o"
a'mini$tration occa$ione' b8 an appeal "rom te allo!ance or
'i$allo!ance o" a !ill, or "rom an8 oter ca)$e, te co)rt ma8 appoint
a $pecial a'mini$trator to collect an' ta:e carge o" te e$tate o" te
'ecea$e' an' e-ec)tor$ or a'mini$trator$ tere)pon appointe'*C
- A $pecial a'mini$trator ma8 al$o be appointe' in a ca$e co,ere' b8
$ection 8 o" R)le 87 !ic pro,i'e$ a$ "ollo!$0 C4" te e-ec)tor or
a'mini$trator a$ a claim again$t te e$tate e repre$ent$, e $all
gi,e notice tereo", in !riting, to te co)rt, an' te co)rt $all appoint
a $pecial a'mini$trator !o $all, in te a'()$tment o" $)c claim,
a,e te $ame po!er an' be $)b(ect to te $ame liabilit8 a$ te
general a'mini$trator or e-ec)tor in te $ettlement o" oter claim$*
+e co)rt ma8 or'er te e-ec)tor or a'mini$trator to pa8 to te
$pecial a'mini$trator nece$$ar8 ")n'$ to 'e"en' $)c claim*C
- 6en'ing er appeal "rom te or'er o" #an)ar8 1@, 19@1, te
petitioner a' te rigt to act a$ a'mini$tratri-* 4" te re$pon'ent
#)'ge a' 'ecree' te imme'iate e-ec)tion o" te or'er o" #an)ar8
1@, 19@1, Rolan'o Rel)cio !o)l' ten be te a'mini$trator pen'ing
petitioner;$ appeal* Con$eB)entl8, te re$pon'ent #)'ge e-cee'e'
i$ ()ri$'iction in appointing te re$pon'ent EB)itable .an:ing
Corporation a$ $pecial a'mini$trator*
MALOLES V PHILLIPS
31< SCRA 171
%E9/OGA; #an 31, 1777
NATURE
Re,ie! on certiorari o" 1 CA 'eci$ion$ !ic r)le' tat petitioner a$
no rigt to inter,ene in te $ettlement o" te e$tate o" /r* Art)ro 'e
Santo$*
FACTS
-#)l8 17, 199@0 /r* Art)ro 'e Santo$, 3ilipino, %a:ati re$i'ent, "ile' a
petition "or probate o" i$ !ill in R+C-%a:ati, .ranc 61, 'oc:ete' a$
Sp* 6roc* 9o* %-<113* /r* /e Santo$ allege' tat e a' no
comp)l$or8 eir$; tat e a' name' in i$ !ill a$ $ole legatee an'
'e,i$ee te Art)ro 'e Santo$ 3o)n'ation, 4nc; tat e 'i$po$e' b8
i$ !ill i$ propertie$ !it an appro-imate ,al)e o" not le$$ tan
61%; an' tat copie$ o" $ai' !ill !ere in te c)$to'8 o" te name'
e-ec)tri-, pri,ate re$pon'ent 6acita 'e lo$ Re8e$ 6illip$*
-3eb 16, 19960 #)'ge Goro$pe i$$)e' an or'er granting te petition
an' allo!ing te !ill* /r* /e Santo$ 'ie' 17 'a8$ later*
-April 3, 19960 petitioner Octa,io S* %alole$ 44 "ile' a motion "or
inter,ention claiming tat, a$ te onl8 cil' o" Alicia 'e Santo$
>te$tator;$ $i$ter? an' Octa,io L* %alole$, Sr*, e !a$ te $ole ")ll-
bloo'e' nepe! an' neare$t o" :in o" /r* /e Santo$* Ae li:e!i$e
allege' tat e !a$ a cre'itor o" te te$tator* 6etitioner t)$ pra8e'
"or te recon$i'eration o" te or'er allo!ing te !ill an' te i$$)ance
o" letter$ o" a'mini$tration in i$ name*
-On te oter an', 6illip$, te !illD$ 'e$ignate' e-ec)tri-, "ile' a
motion "or te i$$)ance o" letter$ te$tamentar8 !it .ranc 61* Later,
o!e,er, $e mo,e' to !it'ra! er motion* +i$ !a$ grante', !ile
petitioner !a$ reB)ire' to "ile a memoran')m o" a)toritie$ in
$)pport o" i$ claim tat $ai' co)rt $till a' ()ri$'iction to allo! i$
inter,ention*
-6etitioner "ile' i$ memoran')m o" a)toritie$ on %a8 13, 1996*
%ean!ile, 6illip$, !o !it're! er motion "or te i$$)ance o"
letter$ te$tamentar8, re"ile' a petition "or te $ame !it te %a:ati
R+C, 'oc:ete' a$ Sp* 6roc* 9o* %-<3<3, a$$igne' to .ranc 6@*
2
-Fpon 6illip;$ motion, #)'ge Aba' Santo$ o" .ranc 6@ i$$)e' an
or'er, 'ate' #)ne 18, 1996, appointing er a$ $pecial a'mini$trator
o" /r* /e Santo$;$ e$tate*
-6etitioner $o)gt to inter,ene in %-<3<3 an' to $et a$i'e te
appointment o" 6illip$ a$ $pecial a'mini$trator* Ae reiterate' tat e
!a$ te neare$t o" :in o" te te$tator; tat e came to :no! o" te
e-i$tence o" %-<3<3 onl8 b8 acci'ent; tat te probate procee'ing$
in %-<113 be"ore .ranc 61 o" te $ame co)rt !a$ $till pen'ing; tat
6illip$ mi$'eclare' te tr)e !ort o" te te$tator;$ e$tate; tat
6illip$ !a$ not "it to be te $pecial a'mini$trator o" te e$tate; an'
tat petitioner $o)l' be gi,en letter$ o" a'mini$tration "or te e$tate
o" /r* /e Santo$*
-A)g 18, 19960 #)'ge Aba' Santo$ or'ere' te tran$"er o" %-<3<3 to
.ranc 61, on te gro)n' tat it i$ relate' to te ca$e be"ore #)'ge
Goro$pe o" R+C .ranc 61*
-4t appear$, o!e,er, tat in %-<113, #)'ge Goro$pe a' 'enie' on
A)g 16, 1996 petitioner;$ motion "or inter,ention* 6etitioner bro)gt
ti$ matter to te CA !ic )pel' te 'enial o" petitioner;$ motion "or
inter,ention*
-%ean!ile, #)'ge Goro$pe i$$)e' an or'er, 'ate' Sep <, 1996,
ret)rning te recor'$ o" %-<3<3 to .ranc 6@* +e or'er $tate$ tat
tere i$ no relate' ca$e in,ol,ing te ES+A+E O3 /ECE/E9+
AR+FRO /E SA9+OS pen'ing be"ore .ranc 61; tere i$, o!e,er,
a ca$e "ile' b8 AR+FRO /E SA9+OS, a$ petitioner )n'er R)le 76
"or te Allo!ance o" i$ !ill ')ring i$ li"etime 'oc:ete' a$ %-<113
!ic !a$ alrea'8 'eci'e' on 16 3eb 1996 an' a$ become "inal;
a"ter it became "inal, 6acita 'e lo$ Re8e$ 6illip$ "ile' a %O+4O9
3OR +AE 4SSFA9CE O3 LE++ERS +ES+A%E9+AR=, !ic !a$
$)b$eB)entl8 !it'ra!n a"ter .ranc 61 r)le' tat te motion co)l'
not be a'mitte' a$ te $)b(ect matter in,ol,e$ a $eparate ca$e )n'er
R)le 78, an' mo,ant !it're! er motion an' "ile' %-<3<3; Octa,io
'e Santo$ %alole$ 44 "ile' a %O+4O9 3OR 49+EREE9+4O9 be"ore
%-<113 an' ti$ !a$ alrea'8 /E94E/ li:e!i$e "or te $ame gro)n'$
tat te matter i$ "or a $eparate ca$e to be "ile' )n'er R)le 78*
-4nitiall8, #)'ge Aba' Santo$ appeare' "irm in i$ po$ition tat it
!o)l' be improper "or .ranc 6@ to ear an' re$ol,e %-<3<3,
con$i'ering tat te probate procee'ing$ !ere commence' !it
.ranc 61* Ae t)$ or'ere' te tran$"er o" te recor'$ bac: to te
latter branc* Ao!e,er, e later recalle' i$ 'eci$ion an' too:
cogni&ance o" te ca$e to e-pe'ite te procee'ing$0
Con$i'ering te re")$al o" te Aon* Goro$pe o" .ranc 61 to
contin)e earing ti$ ca$e not!it$tan'ing te "act tat $ai'
branc began te probate procee'ing$ o" te e$tate o" te
'ecea$e' an' m)$t tere"ore contin)e to e-erci$e it$ ()ri$'iction
to te e-cl)$ion o" all oter$, )ntil te entire e$tate o" te te$tator
a' been partitione' an' 'i$trib)te' a$ per Or'er 'ate' 13 Sep
1996, .ranc 6@ $all ta:e cogni&ance o" te petition i" onl8 to
e-pe'ite te procee'ing$, an' )n'er te concept tat te %a:ati
R+C i$ b)t one co)rt*
-9o, <, 19960 #)'ge Aba' Santo$ grante' petitioner;$ motion "or
inter,ention* 6illip$D %3R 'enie' b8 te trial co)rt* Se ten "ile' a
petition "or certiorari in te CA !ic $et a$i'e te trial co)rt;$ or'er
on te gro)n' tat petitioner a' not $o!n an8 rigt5intere$t to
inter,ene in %-<3<3*
ISSUES
1* 2O9 .ranc 61 a$ lo$t ()ri$'iction >an' 2O9 .ranc 6@
acB)ire' ()ri$'iction o,er te petition "or i$$)ance o" letter$
te$tamentar8?
1* 2O9 te petitioner a$ a rigt to inter,ene
3* 2O9 pri,ate re$pon'ent i$ g)ilt8 o" "or)m $opping in "iling er
petition "or i$$)ance o" letter$ te$tamentar8 !it .ranc 6@ :no!ing
")ll8 !ell tat te probate procee'ing$ in,ol,ing te $ame e$tate o"
te 'ece'ent i$ $till pen'ing !it .ranc 61*
HELD
1* =ES >=ES?
Reasoning 6etitioner conten'$ tat te probate procee'ing$ in
.ranc 61 'i' not terminate )pon te i$$)ance o" te or'er allo!ing
te !ill o" /r* /e Santo$* Citing Santiesteban v* Santiesteban an'
Tagle v* Manalo, e arg)e$ tat te procee'ing$ m)$t contin)e )ntil
te e$tate i$ ")ll8 'i$trib)te' to te la!")l eir$, 'e,i$ee$, an'
legatee$ o" te te$tator, p)r$)ant to R)le 73, $ec 1* Con$eB)entl8,
petitioner conten'$ tat .ranc 6@ co)l' not la!")ll8 act )pon pri,ate
re$pon'ent;$ petition "or i$$)ance o" letter$ te$tamentar8*
4n ca$e$ "or te probate o" !ill$, it i$ !ell-$ettle' tat te a)torit8 o"
te co)rt i$ limite' to a$certaining te !illD$ e-trin$ic ,ali'it8*
Or'inaril8, probate procee'ing$ are in$tit)te' onl8 a"ter te 'eat o"
te te$tator, $o m)c $o tat, a"ter appro,ing an' allo!ing te !ill,
te co)rt procee'$ to i$$)e letter$ te$tamentar8 an' $ettle te e$tate
o" te te$tator* +e ca$e$ cite' b8 petitioner are o" $)c nat)re* 4n
"act, in mo$t ()ri$'iction$, co)rt$ cannot entertain a petition "or
probate o" te !ill o" a li,ing te$tator )n'er te principle o"
amb)lator8 nat)re o" !ill$* Ao!e,er, Art* 838, Ci,il Co'e a)tori&e$
te "iling o" a petition "or probate o" te !ill "ile' b8 te te$tator
im$el"* R)le 76, $ec 1 li:e!i$e pro,i'e$ ti$*
A"ter a !ill a$ been probate' ')ring te li"etime o" te te$tator, it
'oe$ not nece$$aril8 mean tat e cannot alter or re,o:e te $ame
be"ore i$ 'eat* So)l' e ma:e a ne! !ill, it !o)l' al$o be
allo!able on i$ petition, an' i" e $o)l' 'ie be"ore e a$ a' a
cance to pre$ent $)c petition, te or'inar8 probate procee'ing
a"ter te te$tator;$ 'eat !o)l' be in or'er*
+)$, a"ter te allo!ance o" te !ill o" /r* /e Santo$, tere !a$
noting el$e "or .ranc 61 to 'o e-cept to i$$)e a certi"icate o"
allo!ance o" te !ill p)r$)ant to R)le 73, $ec 11* +ere i$, tere"ore,
no ba$i$ "or te r)ling tat .ranc 61 contin)e$ an' $all contin)e to
e-erci$e ()ri$'iction to te e-cl)$ion o" all oter$*
6etitioner cite$ R)le 73, $ec 1* +i$ r)le, o!e,er, act)all8 pro,i'e$
"or te ,en)e o" action$ "or te $ettlement o" te e$tate o" 'ecea$e'
per$on$ a$ el' in Garcia Fule v* CA.
4n'ee', te ()ri$'iction o,er probate procee'ing$ an' $ettlement o"
e$tate$ !it appro-imate ,al)e o" o,er 6177H >o)t$i'e %etro %anila?
or 6177H >in %etro %anila? belong$ to te R+C )n'er .6 119, a$
amen'e'* +e 'i""erent brance$ compri$ing eac co)rt in one
()'icial region 'o not po$$e$$ ()ri$'iction$ in'epen'ent o" an'
incompatible !it eac oter*
4t i$ note!ort8 tat, alto)g R)le 73, $ec 1 applie$ in$o"ar a$ te
,en)e o" te petition "or probate o" te !ill o" /r* /e Santo$ i$
concerne', it 'oe$ not bar oter brance$ o" te $ame co)rt "rom
ta:ing cogni&ance o" te $ettlement o" te e$tate o" te te$tator a"ter
i$ 'eat* A$ el' in te lea'ing ca$e o" Bacalso v. Ramolote, te
,ario)$ brance$ o" C34 are coor'inate an' co-eB)al co)rt$, an' te
totalit8 o" !ic i$ onl8 one C34* +e ()ri$'iction i$ ,e$te' in te
co)rt, not in te ()'ge$* An' !en a ca$e i$ "ile' in one branc,
()ri$'iction o,er te ca$e 'oe$ not attac to te branc or ()'ge
alone, to te e-cl)$ion o" te oter brance$* +rial ma8 be el' or
procee'ing$ contin)e b8 an' be"ore anoter branc or ()'ge*
1* 9O*
Reasoning 6etitioner claim$ te rigt to inter,ene in an' oppo$e te
petition "or i$$)ance o" letter$ te$tamentar8 "ile' b8 pri,ate
re$pon'ent* Ae arg)e$ tat, a$ te neare$t ne-t o" :in an' cre'itor o"
te te$tator, i$ intere$t in te matter i$ material an' 'irect*
4n r)ling tat petitioner a$ no rigt to inter,ene in te procee'ing$
be"ore .ranc 6@, te CA el' tat %alole$D claim to being a cre'itor
o" te e$tate i$ a belate' one, a,ing been rai$e' "or te "ir$t time
onl8 in i$ repl8 to te oppo$ition to i$ motion to inter,ene, an', a$
"ar a$ te recor'$ $o!, not $)pporte' b8 e,i'ence; te oppo$ition
m)$t come "rom one !it a 'irect intere$t in te e$tate or te !ill,
an' %alole$ a$ none* %oreo,er, te gro)n' cite' tat te e-ec)tri-
a$ 'eliberatel8 mi$'eclare' te tr)t !ort an' ,al)e o" te e$tate,
i$ not rele,ant to te B)e$tion o" er competenc8 to act a$ e-ec)tor*
R)le 76, $ec 1 reB)ire$ onl8 an allegation o" te probable ,al)e an'
caracter o" te propert8 o" te e$tate* +e tr)e ,al)e can be
'etermine' later on in te co)r$e o" te $ettlement o" te e$tate*
R)le 79, $ec 1 pro,i'e$0
Opposition to issuance of letters testamentary* Simultaneous
petition for administration* An8 per$on intere$te' in a !ill ma8 $tate
in !riting te gro)n'$ !8 letter$ te$tamentar8 $o)l' not i$$)e to
te per$on$ name' terein a$ e-ec)tor$, or an8 o" tem, an' te
co)rt, a"ter earing )pon notice, $all pa$$ )pon te $)""icienc8 o"
$)c gro)n'$* A petition ma8, at te $ame time, be "ile' "or letter$
o" a'mini$tration !it te !ill anne-e'*
Fn'er ti$ pro,i$ion, Cintere$te' per$onC i$ one !o !o)l' be
bene"ite' b8 te e$tate, $)c a$ an eir, or one !o a$ a claim
again$t te e$tate, $)c a$ a cre'itor, an' !o$e intere$t i$ material
an' 'irect, not merel8 inci'ental or contingent*
E,en i" petitioner i$ te neare$t ne-t o" :in o" /r* /e Santo$, e
cannot be con$i'ere' an CeirC o" te te$tator* 4t i$ a ")n'amental r)le
o" te$tamentar8 $)cce$$ion tat one !o a$ no comp)l$or8 or
"orce' eir$ ma8 'i$po$e o" i$ entire e$tate b8 !ill*
9or 'oe$ e a,e an8 rigt to inter,ene in te $ettlement
procee'ing$ ba$e' on i$ allegation tat e i$ a cre'itor o" te
'ecea$e'* Since te te$tator in$tit)te' or name' an e-ec)tor in i$
!ill, it i$ inc)mbent )pon te Co)rt to re$pect te 'e$ire$ o" te
te$tator* A$ $tate' in Oaeta v* !ecson0
+e coice o" i$ e-ec)tor i$ a precio)$ prerogati,e o" a te$tator, a
nece$$ar8 concomitant o" i$ rigt to 'i$po$e o" i$ propert8 in te
manner e !i$e$* 4t i$ nat)ral tat te te$tator $o)l' 'e$ire to
appoint one o" i$ con"i'ence, one !o can be tr)$te' to carr8 o)t
i$ !i$e$ in te 'i$po$al o" i$ e$tate* +e c)rtailment o" ti$ rigt
ma8 be con$i'ere' a c)rtailment o" te rigt to 'i$po$e*
3
Onl8 i" te appointe' e-ec)tor i$ incompetent, re")$e$ te tr)$t, or
"ail$ to gi,e bon' ma8 te co)rt appoint oter per$on$ to a'mini$ter
te e$tate*
3* 9O*
Reasoning Accor'ing to petitioner, tere i$ i'entit8 o" partie$, rigt$
a$$erte', an' relie"$ pra8e' "or in te t!o action$ !ic are "o)n'e'
on te $ame "act$, an' a ()'gment in eiter !ill re$)lt in re$ ()'icata
in te oter*
+e petition "or probate !a$ "ile' b8 /r* /e Santo$, te te$tator,
$olel8 "or te p)rpo$e o" a)tenticating i$ !ill* Fpon te allo!ance
o" i$ !ill, te procee'ing$ !ere terminate'*
On te oter an', petition "or i$$)ance o" letter$ te$tamentar8 !a$
"ile' b8 pri,ate re$pon'ent, a$ e-ec)tor o" te e$tate o" /r* /e
Santo$, "or te p)rpo$e o" $ec)ring a)torit8 "rom te Co)rt to
a'mini$ter te e$tate an' p)t into e""ect te !ill o" te te$tator* +e
e$tate $ettlement procee'ing$ commence' b8 te "iling o" te petition
terminate$ )pon te 'i$trib)tion an' 'eli,er8 o" te legacie$ an'
'e,i$e$ to te per$on$ name' in te !ill* Clearl8, tere i$ no i'entit8
bet!een te t!o petition$, nor !a$ te latter "ile' ')ring te
pen'enc8 o" te "ormer*
Disposition 2AERE3ORE, te petition i$ /E94E/ an' te
'eci$ion$ o" te Co)rt o" Appeal$ are ereb8 A334R%E/*
TAN v. GO CHIONG LEE
<6 6A4L 177
%ALCOL%; September 1@, 191<
FACTS
- 4n 1917, Go .)ng Hi) 'ie' in Cina* Ai$ encarga'o Go Ciong Lee
!a$ appointe' $pecial a'mini$trator o" i$ e$tate, !it +io Lio:, Ang
Cangco, an' %an)el Go +ian)8 a$ $)retie$ on i$ bon' in te $)m
o" 637,777* A mont later, Go Ciong Lee;$ $tat)$ !a$ cange' to
tat o" a'mini$trator* Ae "ile' a motion tat e be allo!e' to operate
t!o $tore$ belonging to te e$tate, one in Ceb) Cit8 an' te oter in
+ole'o, Ceb)* +e co)rt grante' te motion b)t te ()'ge a''e' in
in: a con'ition to i$ or'er >in Spani$? to te e""ect tat a report
m)$t be "ile' montl8* Anoter bon' al$o in te amo)nt o" 637,777
an' !it te $ame $)retie$ !a$ "ile' b8 te a'mini$trator, an' letter$
o" a'mini$tration !ere i$$)e' in i$ "a,or* Go Ciong Lee contin)e'
to 'i$carge i$ ')tie$ a$ a'mini$trator )ntil e !a$ relie,e' b8
%a-imina +an in 1911* /)ring ti$ perio', e "ile' 3 report$ eac
co,ering perio'$ more tan a mont long*
- +e committee on claim$ ren'ere' it$ report in 1911, a'mitting a$
pro,e', claim$ amo)nting to 669,719*91* +e co)rt i$$)e' an or'er
to pa8 eac an' e,er8one o" te per$on$ mentione' in te report te
!ole amo)nt appearing terein !ito)t an8 pre"erence eiter a$ to
te amo)nt or a$ to te time o" pa8ment* Go Ciong Lee pai' te
cre'itor$ o" te e$tate 616,777*39* 4t appeare' tat ')ring i$
a'mini$tration, te e$tate lo$t o,er 619,777 a$ te t!o $tore$ ar'l8
ma'e an8 $ale$ $)c tat te one in +ole'o !a$ clo$e'*
- %a-imina +an no! $)e$ Go Ciong Lee an' i$ $)retie$ on "o)r
ca)$e$ o" action, on amo)nt$ totaling 6@<,777* +e trial co)rt
a!ar'e' 6<1,8<9*78 b)t limite' te liabilitie$ o" te $)retie$ to
637,777* +e 'e"en'ant$ appeale'*
ISSUES
1* 2O9 Go Ciong Lee i$ liable "or te lo$$e$ inc)rre' b8 te e$tate
')ring i$ a'mini$tration* >1
$t
an' 3
r'
COA?
1* 2O9 Go Ciong Lee i$ liable "or 8@7 $ac:$ o" corn, ,al)e' at
66,37@, !ic e "aile' to in,entor8* >1
n'
COA?
3* 2O9 Go Ciong Lee i$ liable "or te "act tat !ile $ome o" te
cre'itor$ a,e been pai' entirel8 an' oter$ partiall8, $ome o" tem
recei,e' ab$ol)tel8 noting on acco)nt o" te it an' mi$$ meto' e
"ollo!e'* ><
t
COA?
HELD
1* 9O*
Ratio +e $tan'ar' o" re$pon$ibilit8 o" te a'mini$trator i$ be$t
mea$)re' a$ in e$$ence te re$pon$ibilit8 o" a bailee* Li:e an8
bailee, e m)$t p)r$)e i$ 'i$cretion one$tl8 an' in goo' "ait, or
e !ill become per$onall8 liable, to to$e !o are intere$te' in te
e$tate, "or !a$te, con,er$ion, or embe&&lement* .)t !ere an
a'mini$trator, entr)$te' !it te carr8ing on o" an e$tate, act$ in
goo' "ait an' in accor'ance !it te )$)al r)le$ an' meto'$
obtaining in $)c b)$ine$$, e !ill not be el' liable "or lo$$e$
inc)rre'*
Reasoning +at montl8 report$ !o)l' a,e po$$e$$e' an8
partic)lar ,irt)e o,er te report$ act)all8 $)bmitte' i$ ar'l8
pla)$ible* On te contrar8, tat te lo$$e$ $)$taine' b8 te e$tate
re$)lte' "rom te ri$: nece$$aril8 atten'ing te operation o" te t!o
$tore$ i$ a m)c more rea$onable a$$)mption* +e onl8 te$timon8
re")ting tat o" te "ormer a'mini$trator come$ "rom Ei'al Re8ne$, a
tailor, b)t 'i' not impre$$ te Co)rt* +e per$onal re$pon$ibilit8 o"
te "ormer a'mini$trator an' te $)retie$ on i$ bon' "or lo$$e$
inc)rre' b8 te e$tate ')ring i$ a'mini$tration a$ not been pro,e'*
1* =ES*
Ratio An a'mini$trator !o a$ B)ali"ie' $all, !itin 3 mont$ a"ter
i$ appointment, ret)rn to te co)rt a tr)e in,entor8 o" te real e$tate
an' o" te goo'$, cattel$, rigt$, an' cre'it$ o" te 'ecea$e', !ic
come into i$ po$$e$$ion or :no!le'ge* +e a'mini$trator $all be
cargeable in i$ acco)nt !it te goo'$, cattel$, rigt$, an' cre'it$
o" te 'ecea$e', !ic come into i$ po$$e$$ion* +e a'mini$trator
i$ acco)ntable on i$ bon' along !it te $)retie$ "or te
per"ormance o" te$e legal obligation$*
Reasoning +e i$$)e i$ one o" "act* +e Co)rt "ollo!$ te "in'ing$ o"
te trial co)rt i" proo" to $)b$tantiate $)c "in'ing$ appear$ in te
recor'* Aere, $)c proo" e-i$t$, !ic mean$ tat te ()'gment
appeale' "rom m)$t be a""irme' in ti$ re$pect*
3* 9O*
Ratio A per$onal repre$entati,e !ill be protecte' in te pa8ment o" a
claim !ic a$ been ')l8 allo!e' or or'ere' pai' b8 te co)rt,
alto)g it $o)l' not a,e been pai' in ")ll, )nle$$ it i$ ma'e to
appear tat $)c allo!ance o" te claim, or or'er "or te pa8ment
tereo", !a$ obtaine' tro)g i$ coll)$ion or ba' "ait*
Reasoning A"ter rea'ing te or'er o" te trial co)rt relating to te
'i$trib)tion o" te a$$et$ among te cre'itor$, te impre$$ion o" te
Co)rt i$ tat te a'mini$trator, alto)g )n!i$el8, attempte' to "ollo!
te or'er to te be$t o" i$ abilit8* %oreo,er, it i$ not at all certain b)t
tat te e$tate !ill "inall8 $o! eno)g on te pro"it $i'e o" te le'ger
eiter to pa8 all o" te cre'itor$ to te ")ll e-tent o" teir claim$, or to
gi,e to mo$t o" te cre'itor$ !o a,e not been pai' a proportion
$imilar to tat o" te cre'itor$ !o a,e been pai'* 4n te$e $ame
procee'ing$, te a'mini$tratri- on er motion, or te cre'itor$ at teir
initiati,e, ma8 reco,er te e-ce$$ impr)'entl8 pai' o)t to certain
cre'itor$*
Disposition #)'gment i$ mo'i"ie'* +e plainti"" $all onl8 reco,er te
amo)nt o" 66,37@ >1
n'
COA re te 8@7 $ac:$ o" corn? !it legal
intere$t "rom te 'ate te complaint !a$ pre$ente'*
FLORES v FLORES
<8 6il 981
RO%FAL/EG; September 19, 191<
FACTS
- +e a'mini$trator o" te e$tate applie' to te lo!er co)rt "or
a)torit8 to $ell certain propertie$ o" te ineritance*
- +C 'enie' te application beca)$e te B)e$tion abo)t te title to
te propert8 $o)gt to be $ol' a' not a$ 8et been "inall8 'eci'e'*
ISSUE
2O9 lo!er co)rt erre' in 'en8ing te application
HELD
9O* +e liB)i'ation o" an ineritance con$i$t$ not onl8 in te
pa8ment o" it$ 'ebt$, b)t al$o in te 'etermination o" it$ a$$et$ an'
propertie$* An' a$ te 'ebt$ are to be pai' o)t o" $ai' propertie$, it i$
ob,io)$ tat tere m)$t "ir$t be 'etermine' !at propertie$ can
legall8 be 'i$po$e' o" b8 te a'mini$trator, $o tat e ma8 )$e tem
a"ter!ar'$ in te pa8ment o" te 'ebt$*
Dispositive +e or'er$ appeale' "rom are a""irme' !it te co$t$
again$t te appellant*
LIZARRAGA HERMANOS V. ABADA
<7 6A4L 11<
September 17, 1919
FACTS
- Caponong 'ie', o!ing plainti""$ $)m o" mone8*
- Ai$ !i'o! Aba'a !a$ a'mini$tratri-* Commi$$ioner$ to apprai$e
e$tate an' pa$$ on claim$ again$t e$tate !ere appointe'*
- Aba'a lea$e' Aacien'a Coronacion to Ga8co* Aba'a marrie'
Al,are&* Lea$e !a$ tran$"erre' to Al,are& b8 Ga8co*
- 9earl8 7 8r$ a"ter 'eat o" Caponong, plainti""$ "ile' $)it in C34
again$t Aba'a per$onall8 an' a$ a'mini$tratri-, alleging
I tat Caponong o!e' plainti""$ 611783*7<
4
I tat Aba'a, per$onall8 an' a$ a'mini$tratri-, a' been
recei,ing mone8 an' e""ect$ )$e' b8 er "or Aacien'a
Coronacion
I tat acco)nt o" 'e"en'ant $o!e' balance in "a,or o"
plainti""$ o" 661<37*1@
I tat 'e"en'ant recogni&e' onl8 abo)t 61<777 !5c o!e,er
a'nDt been pai'*
- /e"en'ant a'mit$ tat $e o!e' 68@@@*78 a$ a'mini$tratri-, an'
te balance !a$ ')e b8 er per$onall8*
- G)ar'ian o" minor cil'ren o" Caponong a$:e' permi$$ion to
inter,ene* Ae 'enie' te claim an' allege' tat te e$tate o"
Caponong 'i'nDt o!e plainti""$ an8ting*
- 6artie$ pre$ente' motion $tating tat te8 ma'e an amicable
$ettlement* Co)rt 'i$mi$$e' te action*
- +e $ettlement !a$ tat
I 'e"en'ant$ recogni&e' tat CaponongD$ e$tate !a$ in'ebte'
to plainti""$ in $)m o" 668,611*71, to be pai' !5 17J intere$t in
7 eB)al ann)al in$tallment$
I 'e"en'ant$ agree' to gi,e plainti""$ "ir$t mortgage on all
propert8 o" Caponong an' all propert8 belonging e-cl)$i,el8 to
Aba'a
I 'e"en'ant$ agree' to mortgage al$o te carabao$ on te
acien'a
- %ortgage o" te acien'a !a$ e-ec)te'* .)t te carabao$ !ere
not mortgage'*
- +e compromi$e !a$ appro,e' b8 te co)rt*
- 4n ti$ pre$ent action, te plainti""$ allege tat
I 'e"en'ant$ a' let 1 in$tallment$ go b8 !5o pa8ing an8ting
I 'e"en'ant$ re")$e' to $ign te agreement mortgaging te
carabao$
I 'e"en'ant$ !ere abo)t to tran$"er teir propert8 not
mortgage'
- 6lainti""$ pra8e' "or attacment on propert8 o" 'e"en'ant$* Co)rt
grante' attacment or'er*
- 6lainti""$ "ile' a motion an' a$:e' co)rt to appoint a recei,er* Co)rt
grante' ti$ motion* Recei,er too: carge o" propert8 an'
'e"en'ant$ !ere o)$te' "rom te o)$e*
- Aba'a an' te g)ar'ian "ile' an$!er tat
I claim o" plainti""$ again$t te inte$tate procee'ing$ o"
Caponong a' been allo!e' in $)m o" 611,783*7< b8
commi$$ioner$
I propert8 belonge' to cil'ren o" 'ecea$e'
I te onl8 intere$t o" Aba'a !a$ er )$)"r)ct)ar8 intere$t in
156 o" te propert8
I all te propert8 !a$ in c)$to'ia legi$ an' co)l' not be
attace'
I te compromi$e agreement an' te mortgage e-ec)te' !ere
obtaine' tro)g "ra)' an' "al$e repre$entation
- #)'ge 'i$$ol,e' te attacment an' 'i$carge' te recei,er*
#)'gment !a$ al$o gi,en "or plainti""$ to reco,er "rom a'mini$tratri-
68@@@*78 !5 intere$t* 6er$onal ()'gment !a$ al$o gi,en plainti""$
again$t Aba'a an' Al,are& "or 679977*11*
- Aba'a appeale' per$onall8 an' a$ a'mini$tratri-*
ISSUES
1* 2O9 te compromi$e agreement an' te mortgage !ere ,ali'
1* 2O9 te carabao$ co)l' be attace'
3* 2O9 appointment o" recei,er !a$ proper
HELD
1* 9O
- +e claim o" plainti""$ again$t e$tate o" Caponong a' been "i-e'*
Co)rt $a8$ tat it$ appro,al !a$ meant to incl)'e onl8 te amt
act)all8 ')e b8 e$tate; te balance !a$ inten'e' to be appro,e' a$
again$t Aba'a per$onall8*
- +e recor' in Ca$e 969 i$ pre$ente'* 6lainti""$ allege tat teir orig
claim again$t e$tate !a$ onl8 611783*7< an' tat te balance !a$
')e "rom Aba'a a$ a'mini$tratri- an' per$onall8 !5o $tating o!
m)c !a$ o!e' b8 er per$onall8 an' o! m)c !a$ o!e' b8 er
a$ a'mini$tratri-*
- Can te co)rt a)tori&e te mortgage in ti$ ca$eK Commi$$ioner$
$all pa$$ )pon claim$ again$t e$tate* +e la! "i-e' te limit o" te
e$tateD$ liabilit8* +e co)rt co)l'nDt carge it !5 'ebt$ tat !ere ne,er
o!e' b8 it* +e a'mini$tratri- co)l' onl8 carge te e$tate !5
rea$onable e-pen$e$ o" a'mini$tration*
- E$tate o!e' plainti""$ le$$ tan 613777 !en commi$$ioner$
pa$$e' on teir claim* 6art o" ti$ !a$ pai', lea,ing balance o"
68@@@*78* 6lainti""$ ma'e a',ance$ to a'mini$tratri- )ntil teir claim
!a$ more tan 668777*
- 4t i$ )rge' tat a ma(or part o" ti$ 668777 i$ a'mini$tration
e-pen$e$ b)t no rea$on i$ gi,en !8 $)c e-pen$e o" a'mini$tration
$l' be $o great*
- A'mini$tration e-pen$e !o)l' be te nece$$ar8 e-pen$e$ o"
an'ling prop, protecting it again$t 'e$tr)ction 5 'eterioration* .)t i"
plainti""$ let te a'mini$tratri- a,e mone8 L e""ect$ til teir claim
gro! to 668777, te8 canDt be permitte' to carge ti$ amt a$
e-pen$e o" a'mini$tration* .8 e-pen$e o" a'mini$tration !e
)n'er$tan' to be te rea$onable L nece$$ar8 e-pen$e o" caring "or
te prop an' managing it til 'ebt$ are p', an' o" 'i,i'ing it $o a$ to
partition it an' 'eli,er to te eir$*
- +e co)rt co)l' not appro,e a $ettlement $a''ling )pon te e$tate
'ebt$ it ne,er o!e'* 4" it 'i', it$ appro,al i$ a n)llit8*
- 9eiter e-ec)tor$, )nle$$ $peciall8 a)tori&e' b8 !ill, nor
a'mini$trator$, a,e po!er to bin' e$tate o" 'ecea$e' b8 borro!ing
mone8*
- .lac: ,* /re$$elD$ Aeir$0 Stat)te grant$ no po!er to a'mini$trator
to borro! mone8 )pon mortgage o" real e$tate o" 'ece'ent* S)c an
act i$ "oreign to te polic8 an' p)rpo$e o" a'mini$tration !5c aim$ to
clo$e )p, not to contin)e te e$tate*
- %ortgage !a$ ,oi'*
- C34$ $o)l' e-ert tem$el,e$ to clo$e )p e$tate$ !5in 11 mo$ "r
time te8 are pre$ente'; te8 ma8 re")$e to allo! an8 compen$ation
to e-ec)tor$ 5 a'mini$trator$ !o 'onDt acti,el8 labor to tat en'*
1* 9O
- 4" te8 !ere in te name L po$$e$$ion o" a'mini$tratri-, te8 !ere
in c)$to'ia legi$, an' co)l'nDt be attace'*
3* 9O
- Co)rt $o)l' a,e ta:en oter mean$ to protect cre'itor L !in' )p
te e$tate*
JOCSON DE HILADO v NAVA
69 6il 1 >October 18, 1939?
%oran, #*
FACTS
2ile inte$tate procee'ing$ !ere ongoing, te a'mini$tratri- o" te
e$tate o" 'ecea$e' Ra"ael #oc$on, entere' into a lea$e agreement
!it 9a,a* +i$ !a$ 'one !ito)t te inter,ention o" te co)rt* +e
!i'o! a$$aile' te lea$e agreement, !ic te co)rt ann)lle'*
ISSUE
2O9 te co)rt a$ te po!er to ann)l, in te inte$tate procee'ing$,
a contract o" lea$e e-ec)te' b8 te a'mini$tratri- !ito)t it$
inter,ention
RULING
9O* +e co)rt cannot ann)l te lea$e contract in inte$tate
procee'ing$ !erein it a' no ()ri$'iction o,er te per$on o" te
le$$ee* +e lea$e !a$ onl8 an act o" a'mini$tration, !ic are !itin
te po!er$ o" a'mini$tration o" te a'mini$tratri-*
WILSON V REAR
@@ 6il* <<
#OA9S; October 16, 1937
FACTS
-2il$on !a$ appointe' $pecial a'mini$trator in te $ettlement o" te
e$tate o" Carle$ Rear
-+e e$tate a' te "ollo!ing a$$et$0 real propert8 ,al)e' at
61@,377, an' per$onal propert8 ,al)e' at 6@,1@7
-+e onl8 'ebt$ again$t te 'ecea$e' !ere one in "a,or o" Se!al
3leming !ic ten amo)nte' to 6877, an' one in "a,or o" #* S*
Alano "or 6@77, an' i" 8o) incl)'e intere$t an' acc)m)late' ta-e$,
te 'ebt o" te e$tate !a$ 61,6@@*@<*
- 2il$on, on i$ o!n ,olition an' !ito)t an8 a)torit8 or proce$$ o"
co)rt, contin)e' te operation o" te plantation* Ae emplo8e'
3leming a$ manager at a $alar8 o" 6177 per mont, an' a large
n)mber o" men, $o tat at te time o" te "iling o" te amen'e' "inal
acco)nt, te total e-pen$e "or labor !a$ 61,863*61, an' te amo)nt
o" te manager;$ $alar8 !a$ 6<,@33*33*
-4n te en', a$ $o!n b8 i$ o!n report, te e$tate, !ic !a$
apprai$e' at 617,877, !it act)al 'ebt$ o" te 'ecea$e' o" onl8
61,6@@*@<, !a$ all !ipe' o)t an' lo$t, an' le"t !it a 'e"icit o"
61,879*69*
ISSUE
2O9 te a'mini$trator !a$ remi$$ in i$ ')t8 a$ $)c
5
HELD
=e$*
-4n ti$ $it)ation, it !a$ te legal ')t8 o" te a'mini$trator to at once
appl8 to te co)rt "or an or'er to $ell te per$onal propert8 to pa8 te
'ebt$ o" te 'ecea$e' an' te e-pen$e$ o" a'mini$tration*
-+e total o" all claim$ again$t te 'ecea$e', incl)'ing intere$t an'
ta-e$ !a$ 61,6@@*@<, an' tat te !ole amo)nt o" te co)rt co$t$
an' e-pen$e$ o" a'mini$tration !a$ 61,767*7<, te total o" !ic i$
63,<11*@8*
-At te time o" i$ appointment, te ,al)e o" te per$onal propert8 o"
te 'ecea$e' !ic came into i$ po$$e$$ion !a$ 6@,877, an' te
!ole amo)nt o" claim$ again$t Rear, i" te per$onal propert8 o" te
e$tate a' been promptl8 $ol', !o)l' a,e been pai', an' te e$tate
!o)l' a,e a balance le"t o" 61,377*<1*
-2il$on !a$ appointe' an' B)ali"ie' a$ a'mini$trator, an' te la!
impo$e' )pon im legal ')tie$ an' obligation$, among !ic !a$ to
an'le te e$tate in a b)$ine$$-li:e manner, mar$al it$ a$$et$, an'
clo$e te e$tate !ito)t an8 )nrea$onable or )nnece$$ar8 'ela8* Ae
!a$ not appointe' to act "or or on beal" o" te cre'itor$, or to
repre$ent te intere$t$ o" te eir$ onl8* Ae $o)l' a,e
a'mini$tere' te a""air$ o" te e$tate "or te )$e an' bene"it ali:e o"
all intere$te' per$on$, a$ an8 pr)'ent b)$ine$$ man !o)l' an'le
i$ o!n per$onal b)$ine$$*
-An a'mini$trator, !ito)t a $peci"ic $o!ing or an or'er o" te co)rt,
'oe$ not a,e an8 legal rigt to contin)e te operation o" te
b)$ine$$ in !ic te 'ecea$e' !a$ engage', or to eat )p an'
ab$orb te a$$et$ o" te e$tate in te pa8ment o" operating
e-pen$e$* -+e la! 'oe$ not impo$e )pon an a'mini$trator a ig
'egree o" care in te a'mini$tration o" an e$tate, b)t it 'oe$ impo$e
)pon im or'inar8 an' )$)al care, "or !ant o" !ic e i$ per$onall8
liable*
-R)ling Ca$e La!, ,ol* 11, $ection 1<1 $a8$0
C2in'ing )p .)$ine$$* M An e-ec)tor or a'mini$trator or'inaril8 a$
no po!er to contin)e te b)$ine$$ in !ic te 'ece'ent !a$
engage' at te time o" i$ 'eat --- +e normal ')t8 o" te per$onal
repre$entati,e in re"erence to $)c b)$ine$$ i$ limite' to !in'ing it
)p ---
-+e $ame principle i$ al$o lai' 'o!n in C8c*, ,ol* 18, p* 1<1, !ere it
i$ $ai'0
CC* Engaging in .)$ine$$ M 1* GE9ERAL RFLE* +e general r)le i$
tat neiter an e-ec)tor nor an a'mini$trator i$ ()$ti"ie' in placing or
lea,ing a$$et$ in tra'e, "or ti$ i$ a a&ar'o)$ )$e to permit o" tr)$t
mone8$; an' tra'ing lie$ o)t$i'e te $cope o" a'mini$trati,e
")nction$* So great a breac o" tr)$t i$ it "or te repre$entati,e to
engage in b)$ine$$ !it te ")n'$ o" te e$tate tat te la! carge$
im !it all te lo$$e$ tereb8 inc)rre' !ito)t on te oter an'
allo!ing im too recei,e te bene"it o" an8 pro"it$ tat e ma8 ma:e,
te r)le being tat te per$on$ bene"iciall8 intere$te' in te e$tate
ma8 eiter ol' te repre$entati,e liable "or te amo)nt $o )$e' !it
intere$t, or at teir election ta:e all te pro"it$ !ic te
repre$entati,e a$ ma'e b8 $)c )na)tori&e' )$e o" te ")n'$ o"
te e$tate*C
BORJA v BORJA
G*R* 9o* L-6611
3eli-; #)l8 31, 19@7
FACTS
N)intin, 3ranci$co, Cri$anta an' #)liana are legitimate cil'ren o"
%arcelo 'e .or(a !o, )pon i$ 'emi$e $ometime in 191< or 191@,
le"t a con$i'erable amo)nt o" propert8* 4nte$tate procee'ing$ m)$t
a,e "ollo!e', an' te pre-!ar recor'$ o" te ca$e eiter b)rne',
lo$t or 'e$tro8e' ')ring te la$t !ar, beca)$e te recor' $o!$ tat
in 1937 N)intin !a$ alrea'8 te a'mini$trator o" te 4nte$tate E$tate
o" %arcelo*
4n 1938, N)intin 'ie', an' Cri$anto, $on o" 3ranci$co, !a$ appointe'
an' too: o,er a$ a'mini$trator o" te E$tate )ntil te ten o)tbrea: o"
te !ar* 3rom ten on an' )ntil te termination o" te !ar, tere !a$
a l)ll an' $tate o" inaction in te inte$tate procee'ing$, )ntil )pon
petition "ile' b8 %ig)el /a8co, a$ a'mini$trator o" te e$tate o" i$
'ecea$e' moter, Cri$anta, !o i$ one o" eir$, "or recon$tit)tion o"
te recor'$ o" ti$ ca$e* +e petition !a$ grante' an' te
a'mini$trator !a$ or'ere' to $)bmit i$ report an' a cop8 o" te
pro(ect o" partition*
Cri$anto "ile' $e,eral $tatement o" acco)nt o" i$ a'mini$tration on
'i""erent occa$ion$ b)t $)c !ere oppo$e' b8 te eir$ o" N)intin on
te gro)n'$ tat te8 !ere not 'etaile' eno)g; income reporte' in
$ai' $tatement !a$ ,er8 m)c le$$ tan te tr)e an' act)al income
o" te e$tate an' tat te e-pen$e$ appearing terein !ere
e-aggerate' an'5or not act)all8 inc)rre', an' pra8e' tat te
$tatement o" acco)nt$ $)bmitte' b8 te a'mini$trator be 'i$appro,e'
an' pra8e' tat te a'mini$trator be or'ere' to 'epo$it !it te
Cler: o" Co)rt all boo:$, receipt$, acco)nt$ an' oter paper$
pertaining to te E$tate o" %arcelo*
A"ter a protracte' an' e-ten$i,e earing on te matter >almo$t 37
8ear$?, te Co)rt, "in'ing te a'mini$trator, /r* Cri$anto 'e .or(a,
g)ilt8 o" certain act$ o" mala'mini$tration, el' im liable "or te
pa8ment to te oppo$itor$, te eir$ o" N)intin, o" 15< o" te
)nreporte' income !ic te e$tate $o)l' a,e recei,e'*
ISSUE
2O9 te a'mini$trator i$ g)ilt8 o" act$ o" mala'mini$tration >ence
e ma8 be el' acco)ntable "or an8 lo$$ or 'amage tat te e$tate
)n'er i$ a'mini$tration ma8 inc)r?
HELD
YES
"a# $%door building in Acarraga Street& Manila' )n'er'eclare'
rental$
"b# !arcel of land in Mayapyap& (ueva )ci*a' claime' e a' not
ta:en po$$e$$ion o" te propert8 b)t te oppo$itor$D !itne$$e$ !o
!ere $ome o" te tenant$ o" te %a8ap8ap propert8 te$ti"ie' tat te8
!ere pa8ing teir $are$ to te o,er$eer$ o" 3ranci$co an'
$ometime$ to i$ !i"e, !ic te a'mini$trator !a$ not able to
contra'ict; an' te lo!er Co)rt "o)n' no rea$on !8 te
a'mini$trator !o)l' "ail to ta:e po$$e$$ion o" ti$ propert8
con$i'ering tat ti$ !a$ e,en te $)b(ect o" te agreement o"
3ebr)ar8 16, 19<7, e-ec)te' b8 te eir$ o" te 4nte$tate*
"c# T+e ,acienda -ala*ala located in Rial 0 )n'er'eclare' income o"
te propert8 'e,ote' to rice c)lti,ation an' "ore$t lan' !ic 8iel'$
con$i'erable amo)nt o" mar:etable "ire!oo'$*
"d# Ricefields in Cainta& Rial0 )n'er'eclare' 8iel'$
"e# Surc+arges and penalties pai' "or a'mini$tratorD$ "ail)re to pa8 on
time te ta-e$ impo$e' on te propertie$ )n'er i$ a'mini$tration*
Ae a',ance' te rea$on tat e lagge' in te pa8ment o" to$e ta-
obligation$ beca)$e o" lac: o" ca$ balance "or te e$tate* .)t
e,i'ence $o! tat te a'mini$trator recei,e' mone8 "rom #)liana
togeter !it certain paper$ pertaining to te inte$tate,a$i'e "rom te
cec:$ in te name o" N)intin*
>f? Sometime in 19<1, a big "ire ra&e' n)mero)$ o)$e$ in 6atero$,
Ri&al, incl)'ing tat o" /r* Cri$anto* +erea"ter, e claime' tat
among te propertie$ b)rne' terein !a$ i$ $a"e containing
61@,777 belonging to te e$tate )n'er i$ a'mini$tration* Ao!e,er,
te a'mini$trator te$ti"ie' tat te mone8 an' oter paper$ 'eli,ere'
b8 #)liana to im in 1939, 1939, !ere $a,e' "rom $ai' "ire* +e
a'mini$trator ()$ti"ie' te e-i$tence o" te$e ,al)able$ b8 a$$erting
tat te$e propertie$ !ere loc:e' b8 #)liana 'e .or(a in er 'ra!er in
te Cca$a $olariegaC in 6atero$ an' ence !a$ not in i$ $a"e !en
i$ o)$e, togeter !it te $a"e, !a$ b)rne'* +i$ line o" rea$oning
i$ reall8 $)b(ect to 'o)bt, tat it r)n$ co)nter to te or'inar8 co)r$e o"
)man bea,io)r "or an a'mini$trator to lea,e in te 'ra!er o" te
Capara'orC o" #)liana te mone8 an' oter 'oc)ment$ belonging to
te e$tate )n'er i$ a'mini$tration, !ic 'eli,er8 a$ receipte' "or,
rater tan to :eep it in i$ $a"e togeter !it te allege' 61@,777
al$o belonging to te 4nte$tate* +e $)b$eB)ent or'er$ o" #)'ge
6laton al$o p)t te 'e"en$e o" appellant to ba' ligt, "or on February
$& ./01, te Co)rt reB)ire' Cri$anto to appear be"ore te Co)rt o"
e-amination o" te oter eir$ in connection !it te reporte' lo$$,
an' on %arc 1, 19<3, a)tori&e' te la!8er$ "or te oter partie$ to
in$pect te $a"e allege'l8 b)rne'* 4t i$ inconcei,able tat #)'ge
6laton !o)l' $till or'er te in$pection o" te $a"e i" tere !a$ reall8
an or'er appro,ing te lo$$ o" to$e 61@,777* 2e m)$t not "orget, in
ti$ connection, tat te recor'$ o" ti$ ca$e !ere b)rne' an' tat at
te time o" te earing o" ti$ inci'ent in 19@1, #)'ge 6laton !a$
alrea'8 'ea'* +e lo!er Co)rt al$o "o)n' no rea$on !8 te
a'mini$trator $o)l' :eep in i$ $)c amo)nt o" mone8, "or or'inar8
pr)'ence !o)l' 'ictate tat a$ an a'mini$tration ")n'$ tat come
into i$ po$$e$$ion in a "i')ciar8 capacit8 $o)l' not be mingle' !it
i$ per$onal ")n'$ an' $o)l' a,e been 'epo$ite' in te .an: in
te name o" te inte$tate*
"g# 2naut+oried e3penditures
1* S)m$ pai' to te a'mini$trator;$ !i"e, a$ i$ pri,ate $ecretar8* 4n
e-plaining ti$ item, te a'mini$trator allege' tat e nee'e' er
$er,ice$ to :eep receipt$ an' recor'$ "or im, an' tat e 'i' not
$ec)re "ir$t te a)tori&ation "rom te co)rt be"ore ma:ing te$e
'i$b)r$ement$ beca)$e it !a$ merel8 a p)re a'mini$trati,e ")nction*
+e :eeping o" receipt$ an' retaining in i$ c)$to'8 recor'$
connecte' !it te management o" te propertie$ )n'er
a'mini$tration i$ a ')t8 tat properl8 belong$ to te a'mini$trator,
nece$$ar8 to $)pport te $tatement o" acco)nt$ tat e i$ oblige' to
$)bmit to te co)rt "or appro,al* 4" e,er i$ !i"e too: carge o" te
6
$a"e:eeping o" te$e receipt$ an' "or !ic $e $o)l' be
compen$ate', te $ame $o)l' be ta:en "rom i$ "ee*
1* +e $alarie$ o" 6e'ro EnriB)e&, a$ collector o" te A&carraga
propert8; o" .riccio %atien&o an' Leoncio 6ere&, a$ encarga'o$, an'
o" Eicente 6anganiban an' Aerminigil'o %aceta$ a$ "ore$t-g)ar'$
!ere "o)n' ()$ti"ie', alto)g )n a)tori&e', a$ te8 appear to be
rea$onable an' nece$$ar8 "or te care an' pre$er,ation o" te
4nte$tate*
3* +e e-pen$e$ "or $alarie$ pai' to $pecial policemen to act a$
$pecial policemen ')ring ar,e$t time beca)$e mo$t o" te !or:er$
tilting te 6)nta propert8 !ere not nati,e$ o" #ala(ala b)t o" te
neigboring to!n$ an' te8 !ere li:el8 to r)n a!a8 !it te ar,e$t
!ito)t gi,ing te $are o" te e$tate i" te8 !ere not police'* +i$
:in' o" rea$oning 'i' not appear to be con,incing to te trial ()'ge a$
te ca)$e "or $)c "ear $eeme' to e-i$t onl8 in te imagination*
Granting tat $)c :in' o" $it)ation e-i$te', te proper ting "or te
a'mini$trator to 'o !o)l' a,e been to $ec)re te pre,io)$
a)tori&ation "rom te Co)rt i" e "aile' to $ec)re te elp o" te local
police*
<* 3rom te 8ear 19<1 !en i$ o)$e !a$ b)rne', te
a'mini$trator an' i$ "amil8 too: $elter at te o)$e belonging to
te 4nte$tate :no!n a$ Cca$a $olariegaC !ic, in te 6ro(ect o"
6artition !a$ a'()'icate' to i$ "ater, 3ranci$co 'e .or(a* +i$
propert8, o!e,er, remaine' )n'er i$ a'mini$tration an' "or it$
repair$ e $pent "rom 19<@-19@7, 61<6@,1<, ')l8 receipte'*
9one o" te$e repair$ appear to be e-traor'inar8 "or te receipt$
!ere "or nipa, "or carpenter$ an' tatcer$* Alto)g it i$ tr)e tat
R)le 8@, $ection 1 pro,i'e$ tat0
S)C. 4. )5)C2TOR OR A6M7(7STRATOR TO 8))! B27967(GS
7( R)!A7R. An e3ecutor or administrator s+all maintain in tenant
able repair t+e +ouses and ot+er structures and fences belonging to
t+e estate& and deliver t+e same in suc+ repair to t+e +eirs or
devisees :+en directed so to do by t+e court.
=et con$i'ering tat ')ring i$ occ)panc8 o" te $ai' Cca$a
$olariegaC e !a$ not pa8ing an8 rental at all, it i$ b)t rea$onable tat
e $o)l' ta:e care o" te e-pen$e$ "or te or'inar8 repair o" $ai'
o)$e* Appellant a$$erte' tat a' e an' i$ "amil8 not occ)pie'
te $ame, te8 !o)l' a,e to pa8 $omeone to !atc an' ta:e care
o" $ai' o)$e* .)t ti$ !ill not e-c)$e im "rom ti$ re$pon$ibilit8 "or
te 'i$b)r$ement$ e ma'e in connection !it te a"orementione'
repair$ beca)$e e,en i" e $ta8e' in anoter o)$e, e !o)l' a,e
a' to pa8 rental$ or el$e ta:e carge al$o o" e-pen$e$ "or te
repair$ o" i$ re$i'ence*
@* On te e-pen$e$ "or planting in te Cainta rice"iel'$0 Remaining
balance "or oterD$ $are* +e pre,ailing $aring $8$tem in ti$ part
o" te co)ntr8 !a$ on @7-@7 ba$i$*
6* On te tran$portation e-pen$e$ o" te a'mini$trator0 )nreceipte'
'i$b)r$ement$ an' not ecnomical
3rom te report o" te a'mini$trator, 2e are being ma'e to belie,e
tat te 4nte$tate e$tate i$ a lo$ing propo$ition an' a$$)ming
arguendo tat ti$ i$ tr)e, tat precario)$ "inancial con'ition !ic
e, a$ a'mini$trator, $o)l' :no!, 'i' not 'eter Cri$anto "rom
carging to te 'eplete' ")n'$ o" te e$tate comparati,el8 big
amo)nt$ "or i$ tran$portation e-pen$e$* Appellant trie' to ()$ti"8
te$e carge$ b8 conten'ing tat e )$e' i$ o!n car in ma:ing
to$e trip$ to %anila, 6a$ig an' Cainta an' a la)nc in ,i$iting te
propertie$ in #ala(ala, an' te8 !ere "or te ga$oline con$)me'* +i$
rater )nrea$onable $pen'ing o" te e$tate;$ ")n' prompte' te
Co)rt to ob$er,e tat one !ill a,e to $pen' onl8 67*<7 "or
tran$portation in ma:ing a trip "rom 6atero$ to %anila an' practicall8
te $ame amo)nt in going to 6a$ig* 3rom i$ report "or 19<9 alone,
appellant ma'e a total o" 97 trip$ to te$e place$ or an a,erage o"
one trip "or e,er8 3 151 'a8$* =et 2e m)$t not "orget tat it !a$
')ring ti$ perio' tat te a'mini$trator "aile' or re")$e' to ta:e
cogni&ance o" te pre,ailing rental$ o" commercial place$ in %anila
tat ca)$e' certain lo$$ to te e$tate an' "or !ic e !a$
accor'ingl8 el' re$pon$ible*
7* Oter e-pen$e$0
a* +e a'mini$trator al$o or'ere' <7 boo:let$ o" printe' contract$ o"
lea$e in te name o" te Aacien'a #ala(ala !ic co$t 61@7* A$ te
$ai' acien'a !a$ 'i,i'e' into 3 part$ one belonging to ti$ 4nte$tate
an' te oter t!o part$ to 3ranci$co an' .ernar'o, or'inaril8 te
4nte$tate $o)l' onl8 $o)l'er 153 o" te $ai' e-pen$e, b)t te
tenant$ !o te$ti"ie' tat to$e printe' "orm$ !ere not being )$e'*
b* +ran$portation e-pen$e$ o" one o" te t!o commi$$ioner$ !o
prepare' te 6ro(ect o" 6artition* Ae !a$ not able to $o! or pro,e
tat te mone8 inten'e' an' or'ere' b8 te Co)rt to be pai' "or te
tran$portation e-pen$e$ o" te commi$$ioner$ !a$ $pent "or te
bene"it o" te e$tate a$ claime'*
c* 6a8ment to te Cie" o" 6olice on #ala(ala allege'l8 "or te $er,ice
o" $)mmon$* Ae "orgot probabl8 te "act tat te local cie"$ o" police
are 'ep)t8 $eri""$ e3%officio*
c* Att8D$ "ee$ - pro"e$$ional $er,ice$ ren'ere' "or te 'e"en$e o" te
a'mini$trator in a ca$e !ic !a$ 'eci'e' again$t im, !it co$t$*
+e co$t$ o" tat litigation $o)l' not be borne b8 te e$tate b)t b8
te a'mini$trator im$el", per$onall8*
"e# Funds still in t+e possession of t+e administrator.
"f# On t+e sum of !.1&4/0 for administrator;s fees'
4t i$ not 'i$p)te' tat te a'mini$trator $et a$i'e "or im$el" an'
collecte' "rom te e$tate te $)m o" 613,19< a$ i$ "ee$ "rom 19<@
to 19@1 at te rate o" 61,<77 a 8ear* +ere i$ no contro,er$8 a$ to
te "act tat ti$ appropriate' amo)nt !a$ ta:en !ito)t te or'er or
pre,io)$ appro,al b8 te probate Co)rt* 9eiter i$ tere an8 'o)bt
tat te a'mini$tration o" te 4nte$tate e$tate b8 Cri$anto 'e .or(a i$
"ar "rom $ati$"actor8*
=et it i$ a "act tat Cri$anto 'e .or(a e-erci$e' te ")nction$ o" an
a'mini$trator an' i$ entitle' al$o to a certain amo)nt a$
compen$ation "or te !or: an' $er,ice$ e a$ ren'ere' a$ $)c*
9o!, con$i'ering te e-tent an' $i&e o" te e$tate, te amo)nt
in,ol,e' an' te nat)re o" te propertie$ )n'er a'mini$tration, te
amo)nt collecte' b8 te a'mini$trator "or i$ compen$ation at 6177 a
mont i$ not )nrea$onable an' $o)l' tere"ore be allo!e'*
4t migt be arg)e' again$t ti$ 'i$b)r$ement tat te recor'$ are
replete !it in$tance$ o" igl8 irreg)lar practice$ o" te
a'mini$trator, $)c a$ te preten'e' ignorance o" te nece$$it8 o" a
boo: or le'ger or at lea$t a li$t o" cronological an' 'ate' entrie$ o"
mone8 or pro')ce te 4nte$tate acB)ire' an' te amo)nt o"
'i$b)r$ement$ ma'e "or te $ame propertie$; tat a'mitte'l8 e 'i'
not a,e e,en a li$t o" te name$ o" te le$$ee$ to te propertie$
)n'er i$ a'mini$tration, nor e,en a li$t o" to$e !o o!e' bac:
rental$, an' alto)g 2e certainl8 agree !it te probate Co)rt in
"in'ing appellant g)ilt8 o" act$ o" mala'mini$tration, $peci"icall8 in
mi-ing te ")n'$ o" te e$tate )n'er i$ a'mini$tration !it i$
per$onal ")n'$ in$tea' o" :eeping a c)rrent acco)nt "or te 4nte$tate
in i$ capacit8 a$ a'mini$trator, 2e are o" te opinion tat 'e$pite
te$e irreg)lar practice$ "or !ic e !a$ el' alrea'8 liable an'
ma'e in $ome in$tance$ to reimb)r$e te 4nte$tate "or amo)nt$ tat
!ere not properl8 acco)nte' "or, i$ claim "or compen$ation a$
a'mini$trator;$ "ee$ $all be allo!e'*
INTESTATE ESTATE OF CARMEN DE LUNA vs. IAC
GF+4ERREG, -R.< 3ebr)ar8 13, 1989
FACTS
- #o$e 'e L)na Gon&ale$ an' "ormer #)'ge Ramon 4ca$iano !ere
appointe' co-a'mini$trator$ o" te e$tate o" Carmen 'e L)na
- #)'ge 4ca$iano 'ie' $o Gon&ale$ per"orme' i$ ')tie$ a$ $ole
a'mini$trator o" te e$tate*
- Gon&ale$ tro)g co)n$el "ile' a motion "or allo!ance$ an'
pa8ment o" a'mini$trator;$ commi$$ion in accor'ance !it Section 7,
R)le 8@ o" te R)le$ o" Co)rt lea,ing te matter to te 'i$cretion o"
te co)rt*
- #o$e 'e L)na Gon&ale$ 'ie'* Ai$ eir$ "ile' in i$ beal" on %arc
17, 1987 an Frgent S)pplemental %otion "or allo!ance$ an'
pa8ment o" a'mini$trator;$ commi$$ion or "ee$ a$:ing te amo)nt o"
6177,777*77, !ic !a$ later on increa$e' to 6@77,777*77* Aeir
+rini'a' Eilla()an E'a* 'e %artine& "ile' an oppo$ition to !ic
Catalina %* Gon&ale$, !i'o! o" te late a'mini$trator "ile' a repl8*
- +e trial co)rt i$$)e' an or'er 'irecting te ne! a'mini$tratri-
Catalina %* Gon&ale$ to $)bmit a complete an' $!orn in,entor8 o" all
te goo'$, cattel$, rigt$, cre'it$ an' e$tate o" te 'ecea$e'
Carmen 'e L)na* +e total o" te real an' per$onal propert8 o" te
e$tate !a$ li$te' at 617,7@1,189*97*
- +e trial co)rt i$$)e' an or'er granting te compen$ation a$:e' "or
b8 te late a'mini$trator amo)nting to 6@77,777*77*
- +e eir$ appeale' to te Co)rt o" Appeal$*
- +e Co)rt o" Appeal$ a""irme' in toto te or'er$ appeale' "rom*
- +e appellant$ "ile' a motion "or recon$i'eration o" te $ai'
'eci$ion*
- +e Co)rt o" Appeal$ mo'i"ie' te 'eci$ion b8 re')cing te amo)nt
to 6<,311*@7 ba$e' on R)le 8@ Section 7*
Arguments of t+e Oppositors'
+at te ,al)e o" te e$tate increa$e' b8 nat)ral accretion or b8
go,ernment re-a$$e$$ment an' not tr) te e""ort$ o" te late
a'mini$trator; tat te amo)nt being claime' i$ igl8
)ncon$cionable an' )nrea$onable an' be$i'e$ it i$ not in
con$onance !it te amo)nt $peci"ie' )n'er R)le 8@, Sec* 7 !ic
allo!$ onl8 one-"o)rt per cent o" te entire ,al)e o" te e$tate an'
!ic m)$t be allo!e' onl8 a"ter a $ettlement o" te e$tate i$ "inall8
ma'e; tat te amo)nt being claime' a$ compen$ation i$ not
7
itemi&e', ence, p)rel8 con(ect)ral, 8potetical an' !ito)t ba$i$ in
"act an' in la!; tat in ca$e$ !ere compen$ation "or e-traor'inar8
$er,ice$ are claime', te better practice i$ to itemi&e te acco)nt an'
e-plain ")ll8 in !at partic)lar$ te $er,ice$ are e-traor'inar8 or
)n)$)al; an' tat te late a'mini$trator #o$e 'e L)na Gon&ale$ a'
long been compen$ate' b8 te e$tate ari$ing "rom; te a'mitte' $ale
"or ,oting rigt$ o" Centro E$colar Fni,er$it8 $are$, an' "or ti$
matter ti$ Co)rt ma8 reB)ire an acco)nting )n'er R)le 8@, Sec* 8 o"
te R)le$ o" Co)rt; an' la$tl8, tat a$ a'mitte' b8 mo,ant$
tem$el,e$ in teir )rgent amen'e' motion, tat te a'mini$tration o"
te e$tate $panne' a prolonge' perio' o" $i-teen 8ear$ an' 8et te
$ame i$ not 8et clo$e' or terminate' an' tere"ore te a'mini$trator
$o)l' be 'enie' compen$ation "or i$ $er,ice$, "or te prolongation
o" te $ettlement o" te e$tate i$ ')e entirel8 to i$ e""ort to 'e"ra)'
te eir$, an' ')e to i$ neglect, te a'mini$tration a$ been too
e-pen$i,e*
ISSUE
2O9 #o$e 'e L)na Gon&ale$ i$ entitle' to te amo)nt o"
6@77,777*77 b8 !a8 o" compen$ation a$ a'mini$trator o" te e$tate
o" Carmen 'e L)na*
HELD
=ES* +e applicable pro,i$ion i$ te pro,i$o !ic $tate$0 Cin an8
$pecial ca$e, !ere te e$tate i$ large an' te $ettlement a$ been
atten'e' !it great 'i""ic)lt8 an' a$ reB)ire' a ig 'egree o"
capacit8 on te part o" te e-ec)tor or a'mini$trator, a greater $)m
ma8 be allo!e'*C A !i'e latit)'e, lee!a8 or 'i$cretion i$ tere"ore
gi,en to te trial co)rt to grant a greater $)m* An' te 'etermination
o" !eter te a'mini$tration an' liB)i'ation o" an e$tate a,e been
atten'e' !it greater 'i""ic)lt8 an' a,e reB)ire' a ig 'egree o"
capacit8 on te part o" te e-ec)tor or a'mini$trator re$t$ on te
$o)n' 'i$cretion o" te co)rt !ic too: cogni&ance o" te e$tate*
+ere appear$ to be no $o)n' ()$ti"ication !8 te appellate co)rt
$o)l' inter"ere !it te e-erci$e o" te trial co)rt;$ 'i$cretion, ab$ent
a $o!ing tat te trial co)rt committe' an8 ab)$e o" 'i$cretion in
granting a greater rem)neration to te petitioner* +e trial co)rt;$
or'er i$ ba$e' on $)b$tantial e,i'ence an' te applicable r)le*
Reasoning:
a* 2ile it ma8 be tr)e tat te in,entor8 o" te propertie$ o" te
e$tate a$ o" April 1@, 197@ !a$ onl8 6 897,86@*1@ it a$ been $o!n
tat te ,al)e o" te e$tate a$ increa$e' not onl8 b8 te e""ort$ o"
te late a'mini$trator to ta:e goo' care o" te $ame b)t in
$)ccee'ing to locate oter propertie$ belonging to te e$tate $o tat
!en e $)bmitte' te in,entor8 o" te propertie$, real an' per$onal
o" te e$tate a$ o" April 13, 1987 te total apprai$al tereo" appear$
to be o,er 617 %* 9o ob(ection tereto appear$ to a,e been
interpo$e'*
b* An' !it regar'$ to te in,entor8, te re$pon'ent$ 'i' not e,en
pre$ent an8 e,i'ence to co)nter or 'i$pro,e te ,al)ation$ ma'e $o
teir claim tat te e$timate' 617 million ,al)e o" te propertie$ !a$
e-aggerate' i$ !ito)t ba$i$ an' p)rel8 con(ect)ral* 2it te !ell
$ettle' r)le tat te "in'ing$ o" te trial co)rt are gi,en great re$pect,
!e tere"ore $)$tain te "in'ing tat te ,al)e o" te e$tate i$ !ort
617 million a$ "o)n' b8 te trial co)rt*
DISPOSITION
+ere appearing to be no mani"e$t error or ab)$e o" 'i$cretion "or te
Co)rt o" Appeal$ to mo'i"8 te trial co)rt;$ or'er$, te re$ol)tion o"
te 4nterme'iate Appellate Co)rt 'ate' #)l8 19, 198@ i$ ereb8 SE+
AS4/E an' it$ pre,io)$ 'eci$ion 'ate' September 17, 1981 i$
RE49S+A+E/
SANTOS v. MANARANG
G*R* 9o* L-813@
+RE9+; %arc 19, 191<
FACTS
- /on L)ca$ 'e Ocampo 'ie' on 9o,ember 18, 1976, po$$e$$e' o"
certain real an' per$onal propert8 !ic, b8 i$ la$t !ill an'
te$tament 'ate' #)l8 16, 1976, e le"t to i$ tree cil'ren* +e
"o)rt cla)$e o" ti$ !ill rea'$ a$ "ollo!$0 4 al$o 'eclare tat 4 a,e
contracte' te 'ebt$ 'etaile' belo!, an' it i$ m8 'e$ire tat te8 ma8
be religio)$l8 pai' b8 m8 !i"e an' e-ec)tor$ in te "orm an' at te
time agree' )pon !it m8 cre'itor$*
- Among te 'ebt$ mentione' are t!o in "a,or o" te plainti"", 4$i'ro
Santo$; one ')e on April 1<, 1977, "or 6@,777, an' ,ario)$ oter
'e$cribe' a$ "alling ')e at 'i""erent 'ate$ >te 'ate$ are not gi,en?
amo)nting to te $)m o" 61,<@<*
- +e !ill !a$ ')l8 probate' an' a committee !a$ reg)larl8
appointe' to ear an' 'etermine $)c claim$ again$t te e$tate a$
migt be pre$ente'*
- 4$i'ro Santo$ pre$ente' a petition to te co)rt a$:ing tat te
committee be reB)ire' to recon,ene an' pa$$ )pon i$ claim$
again$t te e$tate !ic !ere recogni&e' in te !ill o" te$tator* +i$
petition !a$ 'enie' b8 te co)rt*
- Santo$ in$tit)te' te pre$ent procee'ing$ again$t te a'mini$tratri-
o" te e$tate to reco,er te $)m$ mentione' in te !ill a$ ')e im*
Relie" !a$ 'enie' in te co)rt belo!, an' no! appeal$ to ti$ co)rt*
ISSUE
1* 2O9 te co)rt erre' in re")$ing to recon,ene te committee "or
te p)rpo$e o" con$i'ering plainti"";$ claim*
1* 2O9 te co)rt erre' in 'i$mi$$ing i$ petition "ile' on 9o,ember
11, 1917, !erein e a$:$ tat te a'mini$tratri- be compelle' to
pa8 o,er to im te amo)nt$ mentione' in te !ill a$ 'ebt$ ')e im*
HELD
1* 9O* 4" te committee "ail$ to gi,e te notice reB)ire', tat i$ a
$)""icient ca)$e "or recon,ening it "or ")rter con$i'eration o" claim$
!ic ma8 not a,e been pre$ente' be"ore it$ "inal report !a$
$)bmitte' to te co)rt* .)t ti$ i$ not te ca$e ma'e b8 te plainti"",
a$ te committee 'i' gi,e te notice reB)ire' b8 la!*
- 2ere te proper notice a$ been gi,en te rigt to a,e te
committee recalle' "or te con$i'eration o" a belate' claim appear$
to re$t "ir$t )pon te con'ition tat it i$ pre$ente' !itin $i- mont$
a"ter te time pre,io)$l8 limite' "or te pre$entation o" claim$* 4n te
pre$ent ca$e te time pre,io)$l8 limite' !a$ $i- mont$ "rom #)l8 13,
1977* +i$ allo!e' te plainti"" )ntil #an)ar8 13, 1978, to pre$ent i$
claim$ to te committee* An e-ten$ion o" ti$ time )n'er $ection 697
re$te' in te 'i$cretion o" te co)rt*
- 6lainti"";$ petition !a$ not pre$ente' )ntil #)l8 1<, 1979* +e bar o"
te $tat)te o" nonclaim$ i$ an concl)$i,e )n'er te$e circ)m$tance$
a$ te bar o" te or'inar8 $tat)te o" limitation$ !o)l' be* 4t i$
generall8 el' tat claim$ are not barre' a$ to propert8 not incl)'e'
in te in,entor8*
1* 9O* -+e petition o" te plainti"" "ile' on 9o,ember 11, 1917,
!erein e a$:$ tat te a'mini$tratri- be compelle' to pa8 o,er to
im te amo)nt$ mentione' in te !ill a$ 'ebt$ ')e im appear$ to
be noting more nor le$$ tan a complaint in$tit)ting an action
again$t te a'mini$tratri- "or te reco,er8 o" te $)m o" mone8*
Ob,io)$l8, te plainti"" i$ not $ee:ing po$$e$$ion o" or title to real
propert8 or $peci"ic article$ o" per$onal propert8*
- +e $)m o" mone8 pra8e' "or in te complaint m)$t be ')e te
plainti"" eiter a$ a 'ebt o" a legac8* 4" it i$ a 'ebt, te action !a$
erroneo)$l8 in$tit)te' again$t te a'mini$tratri-* 4$ it a legac8K 9o*
- 6lainti"";$ claim i$ 'e$cribe' b8 te te$tator a$ a 'ebt* 4t m)$t be
pre$)me' tat e )$e' ti$ e-pre$$ion in it$ or'inar8 an' common
acceptation; tat i$, a legal liabilit8 e-i$ting in "a,or o" te plainti"" at
te time te !ill !a$ ma'e, an' 'eman'able an' pa8able in legal
ten'er* Aa' te te$tator 'e$ire' to lea,e a legac8 to te plainti"", e
!o)l' a,e 'one $o in appropriate lang)age in$tea' o" incl)'ing it in
a $tatement o" !at e o!e' te plainti""*
- +e te$tator le"t te total net a$$et$ o" i$ e$tate, !ito)t
re$er,ation o" an8 :in', to i$ cil'ren per capita* +ere i$ no
in'ication tat e 'e$ire' to lea,e an8ting b8 !a8 o" legac8 to an8
oter per$on* +e$e con$i'eration$ clearl8 re")te te $)gge$tion tat
te te$tator inten'e' to lea,e plainti"" an8 ting b8 !a8 o" legac8* Ai$
claim again$t te e$tate a,ing been a $imple 'ebt, te pre$ent
action !a$ improperl8 in$tit)te' again$t te a'mini$tratri-*
Separate Opinion$
%ORELA9/, -.& 'i$$enting0
1* E,en i" it be a$$)me' tat te notice to cre'itor$ $o)l' a,e been
p)bli$e' in accor'ance !it te or'er o" #)l8 13, 1977, te recor' i$
entirel8 lac:ing in legal e,i'ence to e$tabli$ te p)blication !ic
te la! reB)ire$ )n'er tat or'er* +at being $o te claim i$ not
barre'*
1* 4 conten', an' te recor' $o!$, tat te notice $o)l' not a,e
been p)bli$e' in accor'ance !it te or'er o" #)l8 13, 1977, b)t in
p)r$)ance o" an or'er o" -anuary =& ./>=, !ic !a$ an or'er "or a
ne! p)blication, an', being later or'er, nece$$aril8 ,acate' an'
ann)lle' te or'er o" #)l8 13, 1977, an' all procee'ing$ tere)n'er
relati,e to te matter$ incl)'e' in $ai' or'er o" #an)ar8 8, 1978; tat
p)blication !a$ conce'e'l8 ne,er ma'e )n'er an' in p)r$)ance o"
tat or'er an' tat, "or tat rea$on, te petitioner;$ claim i$ not
barre'*
3* +e claim !a$ not one tat m)$t be $)bmitte' to a committee,
being recogni&e' a$ a legal an' ,ali' 'ebt b8 te !ill an' te te$tator
8
a,ing or'ere' i$ e-ec)tor to pa8 it* +e motion ma'e to reB)ire te
e-ec)tor to pa8 te claim $o)l' a,e been ear' b8 te co)rt*
- 4 am compelle' to belie,e tat te $tatement o" te 'eci$ion tat
Cte recor' a""irmati,el8 $o!$ tat te committee 'i' ma:e te
p)blication$ reB)ire' b8 la!,C i$ not B)ite in accor'ance !it te
recor' a$ 4 rea' it*
- + i$ procee'ing i$ not an action again$t an e-ec)tor to reco,er a
'ebt again$t te e$tate o" i$ te$tator*
- +ere i$ no pro,i$ion o" te Co'e o" Ci,il 6roce')re e3pressly
reB)iring te pre$entation o" any claim to a committee* 6ro,i$ion i$
ma'e "or te appointment o" a committee !ic i$ a)tori&e' to ear
certain cla$$e$ o" claim$ b)t no!ere i$ tere an e-pre$$ pro,i$ion
reB)iring a cre'itor to pre$ent i$ claim*
- 4t !a$ te intention o" te la! to restrict t+e *urisdiction o" te
committee an' :eep it !itin certain limitation$, an' to tat en' )$e'
te$e limite' e-pre$$ion$* 4t $o)l' be note', o!e,er, tat te$e
limitation$ re"er to claims an' a,e no re"erence to actions beg)n
again$t te 'ecea$e' be"ore i$ 'eat* +e 'i$tinction ma'e in te
Co'e bet!een claim$ an' action$ beg)n again$t te 'ece'ent ')ring
i$ li"etime, an' te re$pecti,e pro,i$ion$ re"erring to to$e t!o
$)b(ect$, i$ entirel8 lo$t $igt o" in te 'eci$ion o" te co)rt*
- +e 'ebt in te ca$e at bar ne,er !a$ a claim* .8 te act o" te
te$tator im$el", it !a$ rai$e' to te 'ignit8 o" a 'ebt an' it remain$
$)c an' m)$t be acte' )pon a$ $)c b8 te co)rt$ a$ !ell a$ b8 all
oter* 4t !a$ b8 te te$tator $electe' "rom te ma$$ o" i$ obligation$,
!ic are correctl8 calle' claim$, an' treate' to a proce$$ !ic
'e,elope' it into a ting calle' a C'ebtC o,er !ic no committee a$
()ri$'iction an' !it te ')e co)r$e o" !ic it a$ no a)torit8 to
inter"ere*
- +e co)rt a$ "aile' in ti$ ca$e to 'i$ting)i$ bet!een a !ill an' a
promi$$or8 note, or a mortgage, $o "ar a$ teir legal e""ect$ are
concerne', an' te $tatement !ic 4 ma'e earl8 in ti$ opinion, tat
te co)rt a$ gi,en no legal $igni"icance !ate,er to te "act tat te
in$tr)ment in !ic ti$ 'ebt !a$ ac:no!le'ge' an' in !ic it !a$
or'ere' pai' !a$ a la$t !ill an' te$tament, i$ literall8 tr)e* 4t a$
gi,en te te$tamentar8 'irection$ o" te te$tator no more "orce, e""ect
or $igni"icance tan it gi,e$ to te !or'$ o" a promi$$or8 note or a
mortgage*
- 4t i$ no!ere claime' in ti$ ca$e, an' it cannot be, "or no
procee'ing a$ reace' "ar eno)g to in,ol,e te "act, tat ti$ 'ebt
a$ been pai', an' no!ere in te recor' a$ it$ ,ali'it8 or bin'ing
"orce )pon te e$tate been callenge' or e,en 'i$p)te'* +at being
te ca$e, )pon te "act$, a$ te8 $tan' be"ore )$, tere i$ no e-c)$e
!ic te e-ec)tor o" te co)rt can no! o""er !8 te 'ebt in $)it a$
not been pai'*
- +e propo$ition gi,en $o great !eigt in te 'eci$ion, namel8, tat
te 'ebt $o)l' be $)bmitte' to te committee in or'er to 'etermine
!eter it a$ bee pai', i$ !ito)t point or "orce* +e co)rt $o)l'
ma:e tat 'etermination "ar better tan a committee*
- +e attempt o" te co)rt to meet te propo$ition tat te !ill o" te
te$tator i$ te la! o" te ca$e 'oe$ not $ati$"8 m8 ()'gment* 4t i$
claime' tat te !ill o" te te$tator i$ not te la! o" te ca$e !ere it
i$ in 'irect ,iolation o" a pro,i$ion o" la!; an' tat te Co)rt o" Ci,il
6roce')re reB)iring tat all claim$ $all be pre$ente' to te
committee, te te$tator a$ no rigt to e-cept a partic)lar 'ebt or an8
'ebt "rom te operation o" te Co'e*
- 4n te "ir$t place, te Co'e o" Ci,il 6roce')re 'oe$ not reB)ire tat
all claim$ $all be pre$ente' to te committee* 4t e-pre$$l8 limit$ te
claim$ !ic m)$t be e-ibite'* 4n te $econ' place, te claim tat
tere i$ an8ting contra'ictor8 bet!een te !ill o" te te$tator in ti$
partic)lar ca$e an' te pro,i$ion o" te Co'e o" Ci,il 6roce')re i$, in
m8 ()'gment, rater "anci")l tan real* 2at i$ te p)rpo$e o"
reB)iring te e-ibition o" a claim to a committeeK Simpl8 to $a,e te
e$tate "rom being 'e"ra)'e'* +ere i$ ab$ol)tel8 no oter rea$on
!ic i$ bein' te la! reB)iring $)c a pre$entation*
BPI V CONCEPCION & HIJOS INC
@3 6A4L 876
OS+RA9/; #)l8 11, 1918
FACTS
- CO9CE6C4O9 49C e-ec)te' a promi$$or8 note in "a,or o" .64
63<1,371*6<, pa8able on 'eman', !it $ec)rit8 o" 777 $are$ o"
69. 'epo$ite' to .64 a$ collateral an' mortgage' @,687 $Bm o" lan'
in R* Ai'algo Street, %anila* Concepcion 'e"a)lte' in pa8ment an'
.64 in$tit)te' "oreclo$)re procee'ing$*
-* 1
S+
LE++ER0 El$er entere' into negotiation$ !it CO9CE6C4O9
49C an' o""ere' to ta:e o,er te mortgage' propert8 an' a$$)me te
mortgage 'ebt* +e8 agree' on te con'ition tat te8 be relie,e' o"
all liabilit8 "or te 'ebt*
- .64 'i' not an$!er te letter an' it clearl8 appear$ "rom te
allegation$ in it$ amen'e' complaint tat .64 !a$ )n!illing to
relea$e te CO9CE6C4O9 49C "rom teir liabilit8 "or te mortgage
'ebt an' in$i$te' on teir con"e$$ing a ()'gment in te "oreclo$)re
procee'ing$* CO9CE6C4O9 49C re")$e' to con"e$$ ()'gment
)nle$$ .64 !o)l' agree to bi' in te mortgage' propert8 "or te ")ll
amo)nt o" te ()'gment*
- 1
9/
LE++ER0 anoter letter !a$ $ent b8 El$er !anting to con"irm
te ,erbal agreement tat .64 !o)l' bi' in te lan' at te "oreclo$)re
$ale "or te ")ll amo)nt o" te ()'gment an' $ell it to im "or te $ame
price* +i$ propo$ition i$ entirel8 'i""erent "rom tat containe' in te
1
$t
letter
- El$er entere' into an agreement, in te "orm o" a bilateral 'ee' o"
$ale, !it CO9CE6C4O9 49C an' Eenancio Concepcion tat
$)brogate' El$er to te obligation o" CO9CE6C4O9 49C to .64 "or a
con$i'eration o" 61
- .64 ne,er ga,e notice o" it$ con"ormit8 !it te agreement an'
petitione' te co)rt to incl)'e El$er a$ a 'e"en'ant* +rial co)rt
incl)'e' El$er a$ a 'e"en'ant
- El$er 'ie' an' .64 a$:e' tat Ro$en$toc:, a'mini$trator o" te
e$tate, be $)b$tit)te' in i$ place a$ 'e"en'ant, an' tat te action
be contin)e' again$t Ro$en$toc: in tat capacit8, on te gro)n' tat
ti$ action i$ "or "oreclo$)re o" a mortgage* +e8 "ile' an oppo$ition
to a,e te action contin)e' again$t Ro$en$toc:, in $)b$tit)tion o"
El$er, $ince ti$ i$ not a "oreclo$)re action, ence ti$ action i$
abate' b8 rea$on o" i$ 'eat an' an8 claim again$t im $o)l' be
pre$ente' to te committee on claim$ an' apprai$al$ o" i$ e$tate*
Ao!e,er, te co)rt o,err)le' ti$ ob(ection*
TC0 ab$ol,e' te El$er e$tate an' or'ere' te Concepcion$ to pa8
.64 63<1,371*6< !it 9J intere$t
ISSUE
2O9 .64 i$ barre' b8 te $tat)te o" non-claim$ "rom te El$er e$tate
HELD
=ES
- +e Concepcion$, an' not .64, migt a,e maintaine' an action
again$t te El$er e$tate; b)t tat action i$ no! barre' tro)g teir
"ail)re to pre$ent teir claim in time to te committee o" claim$ an'
apprai$al in te probate procee'ing$, an' .64 cannot $)cce$$")ll8
in,o:e A1111 CC, !ic pro,i'e$ tat a"ter e-a)$ting te propert8
o" !ic te 'ebtor ma8 be in po$$e$$ion, te cre'itor ma8 a,e
reco)r$e to te 'ebtor;$ cre'it$ an' coo$e$ in action "or te
collection o" te )npai' portion o" te 'ebt*
- Sec 778 o" te Co'e o" Ci,il 6roce')re pro,i'e$ a$ "ollo!$0
Sec. 708. %ortgage 'ebt ')e "rom e$tate* M A cre'itor ol'ing a
claim again$t te 'ecea$e', $ec)re' b8 mortgage or oter
collateral $ec)rit8, ma8 aban'on te $ec)rit8 an' pro$ec)te i$
claim be"ore te committee, an' $are in te general 'i$trib)tion
o" te a$$et$ o" te e$tate; or e ma8 "oreclo$e i$ mortgage or
reali&e )pon i$ $ec)rit8, b8 or'inar8 action in co)rt, ma:ing te
e-ec)tor or a'mini$trator a part8 'e"en'ant; an' i" tere i$ a
()'gment "or a 'e"icienc8, a"ter te $ale o" te mortgage'
premi$e$, or te propert8 ple'ge', in te "oreclo$)re or oter
procee'ing to reali&e )pon te $ec)rit8, e ma8 pro,e i$
'e"icienc8 ()'gment be"ore te committee again$t te e$tate o"
te 'ecea$e'; or e ma8 rel8 )pon i$ mortgage or oter $ec)rit8
alone, an' "oreclo$e te $ame at an8 time, !itin te perio' o" te
$tat)te o" limitation$, an' in tat e,ent e $all not be a'mitte' a$
a cre'itor, an' $all recei,e no $are in te 'i$trib)tion o" te
oter a$$et$ o" te e$tate; * * *
- A$ !ill be $een, te mortgagee a$ te election o" one o)t o" tree
co)r$e$0
>1? Ae ma8 aban'on i$ $ec)rit8 an' $are in te general
'i$trib)tion o" te a$$et$ o" te e$tate, or
>1? e ma8 "oreclo$e, $ec)re a 'e"icienc8 ()'gment an' pro,e i$
'e"icienc8 ()'gment be"ore te committee, or
>3? e ma8 rel8 )pon i$ $ec)rit8 alone, in !ic ca$e e can
recei,e no $are in te 'i$trib)tion o" te a$$et$ o" te e$tate*
- 4n ti$ ca$e te ban: 'i' not aban'on te $ec)rit8 an' too: no
$tep$ o" an8 $ort be"ore te committee !itin te time limit pro,i'e'
"or b8 Sec 689 an' 697 o" te Co'e o" Ci,il 6roce')re* +e
committee cea$e' to ")nction long ago, an' te ban: a$ no!
noting to rel8 on e-cept te mortgage* 4ntentionall8 or not, it a$
bro)gt it$el" !itin te tir' co)r$e pro,i'e' "or in Sec 778; it a$ no
alternati,e*
- .)t .64 $a8$ tat te amo)nt o" te 'e"icienc8, i" an8, co)l' not be
pro,e' be"ore te "oreclo$)re $ale a' been e""ecte'; tat Sec 778
e-pre$$l8 pro,i'e$ "or te proo" o" te 'e"icienc8 ()'gment be"ore te
committee a"ter te $ale o" te mortgage' propert8; tat te$e
9
pro,i$ion$ m)$t be con$tr)e' to mean tat te pre$entation an'
pro$ec)tion o" te claim "or te 'e"icienc8 m)$t be ma'e a"ter, an'
not be"ore, te $ale; an' tat i" te mortgagee pre$ent$ i$ claim "or
te 'e"icienc8 be"ore a 'e"icienc8 ()'gment a$ been ren'ere', e
!ill lo$e i$ rigt$ )n'er te mortgage an' be regar'e' a$ a,ing
aban'one' i$ $ec)rit8* +i$ i$ clearl8 a mi$conception o" te
$tat)te* Fntil te "oreclo$)re $ale i$ ma'e, te 'eman' "or te
pa8ment o" te 'e"icienc8 i$ a contingent claim !itin te meaning o"
Sec 7<6, 7<7, an' 7<8 o" te Co'e o" Ci,il 6roce')re, !ic
$ection$ rea' a$ "ollo!$0
Sec. 746. Claim$ ma8 be pre$ente' to committee* M 4" a per$on
i$ liable a$ $)ret8 "or te 'ecea$e', or a$ oter contingent claim$
again$t i$ e$tate !ic cannot be pro,e' a$ a 'ebt be"ore te
committee, te $ame ma8 be pre$ente' !it te proo", to te
committee, !o $all $tate in teir report tat $)c claim !a$
pre$ente' to tem*
Sec. 747. E$tate to be retaine' to meet claim$* M 4" te co)rt i$
$ati$"ie' "orm te report o" te committee, or "rom proo"$ e-ibite'
to it, tat $)c contingent claim i$ ,ali', it ma8 or'er te e-ec)tor
or a'mini$trator to retain in i$ an'$ $)""icient e$tate to pa8 $)c
contingent claim, !en te $ame become ab$ol)te or, i" te e$tate
i$ in$ol,ent, $)""icient to pa8 a portion eB)al to te 'i,i'en' o" te
oter cre'itor$*
Sec. 748. Claim becoming ab$ol)te in t!o 8ear$, o! allo!e'* M
4" $)c contingent claim become$ ab$ol)te an' i$ pre$ente' to te
co)rt, or tot e e-ec)tor or a'mini$trator, !itin t!o 8ear$ "orm
te time limite' "or oter cre'itor, !itin t!o 8ear$ "rom te time
limite' "or oter cre'itor$ to pre$ent teir claim$, it ma8 be
allo!e' b8 te co)rt i" not 'i$p)te' b8 te e-ec)tor or
a'mini$trator, an', i" 'i$p)te', it ma8 be pro,e$ be"ore te
committee alrea'8 appointe', or be"ore oter$ to be appointe',
"or tat p)rpo$e, a$ i" pre$ente' "or allo!ance be"ore te
committee a' ma'e it$ report*
- +e$e $ection$ are in entire armon8 !it $ection 778; te amo)nt
o" te 'e"icienc8 cannot be a$certaine' or pro,en )ntil te
"oreclo$)re procee'ing$ a,e terminate', b)t te claim "or te
'e"icienc8 m)$t be pre$ente' to te committee !itin te perio' "i-e'
b8 $ection$ 689 an' 697 o" te Co'e* +e committee 'oe$ not ten
pa$$ )pon te ,ali'it8 o" te claim b)t report$ it to te co)rt* 4" te
co)rt C"rom te report o" te committeeC or "rom Cte proo"$ e-ibite'
to itC i$ $ati$"ie' tat te contingent claim i$ ,ali', te e-ec)tor or
a'mini$trator ma8 be reB)ire' to retain in i$ po$$e$$ion $)""icient
a$$et$ to pa8 te claim !en it become$ ab$ol)te, or eno)g to pa8
te cre'itor i$ proportionate $are i" te a$$et$ o" te e$tate are
in$)""icient to pa8 te 'ebt$* 2en te contingent claim a$ become
ab$ol)te, it$ amo)nt ma8 be a$certaine' an' e$tabli$e' in te
manner in'icate' b8 $ection$ 7<8 an' 7<9* A$ !ill be $een, te ban:
bot co)l' an' $o)l' a,e pre$ente' it$ claim to te committee
!itin te time pre$cribe' b8 te la!*
Disposition Appeal i$ !ito)t merit an' ()'gment i$ a""irme'
T! S"! G#! v. G$ S%# S!
<7 6il* 89 >191<?
G*R* 9o* L-11<@1
FACTS:
1* 6etitioner i$ a'mini$trator o" te inte$tate e$tate o" +an
6eng S)e an' te 'e"en'ant i$ te a'mini$trator in te
te$tamentar8 procee'ing "or te $ettlement o" te e$tate
o" Antonio +ampoco* Antonio +ampoco o!e' +an 6eng
S)e, abo)t te mont o" #an)ar8, 1917, te $)m o"
61@,871*67, !ic !it te intere$t $tip)late' b8 te t!o
'ecea$e' +an 6eng S)e an' Antonio +ampoco in teir
li"etime at te rate o" 9 6517 per cent per 8ear, amo)nte'
to 637,171*89 at te en' o" te 8ear 1911
1* )pon te 'eat o" Antonio +ampoco on 3ebr)ar8 @,
1917, procee'ing !a$ in$tit)te' in te C34 %anila "or te
$ettlement o" i$ e$tate
3* on /ecember 1< o" tat 8ear commi$$ioner$ !ere
appointe' to ear an' 'eci'e !ate,er claim migt be
pre$ente' again$t te e$tate, an' ' ren'ere' teir "inal
report on #)ne 17, 1911, !ic !a$ appro,e' b8 te
co)rt belo! on #)l8 1< o" $ai' 8ear;
<* abo)t A)g)$t 37, 1911, te plainti"", in i$ capacit8 a$
a'mini$trator o" te e$tate o" +an 6eng S)e, mo,e' te
co)rt tat te committee on claim$ be again a)tori&e',
or a ne! committee appointe', to ear an' 'eci'e a
claim tat e a' an' !ic e !a$ to pre$ent again$t
te e$tate
@* on September 11, 1911, Geo* R* Aar,e8, ()'ge,
appointe' ne! commi$$ioner$ an' te latter recommen'
pa8ment b8 te 'e"en'ant a'mini$trator, !ic !a$ b8
agreement o" te partie$ e$timate' at 637,171*89 at te
en' o" te 8ear 1911*
6* On /ecember 11, 1913, te co)rt pre$i'e' o,er b8
#)'ge /ia& ren'ere' 'eci$ion, ab$ol,ing te 'e"en'ant
a'mini$trator o" te e$tate o" +ampoco "rom te
complaint, ol'ing tat te commi$$ioner$ appointe' on
September 11, 1911, a' no a)torit8 )n'er te la! to
ear an' 'eci'e $ai' claim, beca)$e te co)rt tat a'
appointe' tem a' on te $ai' 'ate no ()ri$'iction to
appoint tem in ,ie! o" te "act tat more tan "o)rteen
mont$ a,e elap$e' $ince teir "inal report !a$
$)bmitte' b8 te "ormer committee on claim$ in te
a"ore$ai' te$tamentar8 procee'ing an' appro,e' b8 te
co)rt* +o ti$ 'eci$ion te plainti"" e-cepte' on te 19t
'a8 o" te $ame mont, an' mo,e' "or te ne! trial on
#an)ar8 9, 191<, on te gro)n' tat $ai' 'eci$ion !a$
again$t te la! an' te "act$ pro,en at te trial*
7* On %arc 17, 191<, te lo!er co)rt pre$i'e' o,er b8 te
Aonorable Geo* R* Aar,e8, ()'ge, a"ter con$i'ering te
motion "or ne! trial, ren'ere' a ne! 'eci$ion, $etting
a$i'e tat o" /ecember 11, 1913, an' or'ering te
a'mini$trator o" te e$tate o" Antonio +ampoco to pa8
te a'mini$trator o" te e$tate o" +an 6eng S)e te $)m
o" 618,871*67, !it intere$t tereon at te rate o" 9 6517
per cent ann)m "rom %arc 18, 1917*
6re-4$$)e0 2O9 motion "or ne! trial i$ proper
AEL/0 =e$*
te 'i$cretionar8 po!er grante' te ()'ge$ b8 $ection
1<@ o" te Co'e o" Ci,il 6roce')re to re,i$e or amen'
teir ()'gment$, be"ore te $ame become "inal, ma8 be
e-erci$e' )pon a motion ba$e' on $ection 1<@,
$)b$ection 3, (ointl8 !it, or $eparatel8 "rom te po!er to
grant ne! trial, alto)g te e-erci$e o" te po!er to
grant ne! trial nece$$aril8 reB)ire$ te re,ocation o" te
"ormer ()'gment; tat )n'er $ection 1<@, a ()'ge ma8
correct error$ in i$ 'eci$ion$, an' in re,o:ing i$
original 'eci$ion b8 amen'ing it )pon te motion a
reopening o" te ca$e
4$$)e0 2O9 action "or ne! trial a' alrea'8 pre$cribe'
AEL/0 =e$*
1* +e "ail)re o" +an C) La8, eir o" +an 6eng S)e, to
pre$ent i$ claim !a$ an omi$$ion committe' b8 an eir
!o a' :no!le'ge o" te e-i$tence o" te cre'it o" i$
'ecea$e' "ater* +e "act tat +an C) La8 migt a,e
been in')ce' b8 "ra)')lent macination$ an' )nla!")l
in"l)ence o" te 'e"en'ant a'mini$trator cannot a""ect te
legal con$eB)ence$ o" $ai' act* An' e,en i" it be
a'mitte' tat te !i'o! o" +an 6eng S)e !a$ in Cina
!ile te committee on claim$ !a$ acting in te
procee'ing "or te $ettlement o" Antonio +ampoco;$
e$tate, $till te re$)lt !o)l' be te $ame* +e la! 'oe$
not ma:e an8 re$er,ation or e-ception !ate,er, an'
ti$ co)rt cannot ma:e eiter*
a* +e pertinent part o" $ection 69@ o" te
Co'e o" Ci,il 6roce')re pro,i'e$0 A per$on
a,ing a claim again$t a 'ecea$e' per$on
proper to be allo!e' b8 te committee, !o
'oe$ not, a"ter p)blication o" te reB)ire'
notice, e-ibit i$ claim to te committee a$
pro,i'e' in ti$ capter, $all be barre' "rom
reco,ering $)c 'eman' or "rom plea'ing
te $ame in o""$et to an8 action, e-cept a$
ereina"ter pro,i'e'*
10
1* Fn'er $ection 697, a cre'itor !o a$ "aile' to pre$ent
i$ claim !itin te perio' "i-e' b8 te committee on
claim$ ma8 appl8 to te co)rt, !itin $i- mont$ a"ter te
perio' pre,io)$l8 "i-e', "or te rene!al o" te
commi$$ion "or te p)rpo$e o" e-amining i$ claim* Al$o
a cre'itor ma8 ma:e $)c application e,en a"ter $i-
mont$ "rom te e-piration o" te perio' "ormerl8 "i-e'
an' be"ore te "inal $ettlement o" te e$tate, i" te
committee $all a,e "aile' to gi,e te notice reB)ire' b8
$ection 687*
a* te application o" te plainti"" !a$ pre$ente'
"o)rteen mont$ a"ter te e-piration o" te
perio' "i-e' "or te "iling o" claim$* An' !ile
it !a$ pre$ente' be"ore te "inal $ettlement
o" te e$tate o" Antonio +ampoco, 8et, it
a,ing been pro,e' tat te committee a'
p)bli$e' in te ne!$paper La 9acion te
notice reB)ire' b8 la!, tere !a$ no
po$$ible gro)n' "or granting $ai'
application* E,en con$i'ering ti$
application )n'er $ection 113 o" te Co'e o"
Ci,il 6roce')re, !e belie,e tat te lap$e o"
"o)rteen mont$ i$ an )n$)rmo)ntable
barrier oppo$ing te granting o" $ai'
application*
2O9 te notice to te cre'itor$ !a$ 'one in te proper manner
AEL/0 =e$*
1* .e"ore a cre'it ma8 be el' barre' b8 o)r proce')ral
$tat)te$ relati,e to liB)i'ation o" ineritance, it m)$t
appear, among oter ting$, tat te committee a,e
'e$ignate' con,enient o)r$ an' place$ "or te ol'ing
o" teir meeting$ "or te e-amination an' a'mi$$ion o"
claim$, an' tat te8 a,e p)bli$e' ti$ "act in te
manner pro,i'e' b8 te la!* Fnle$$ ti$ i$ 'one, te
rigt o" a cre'itor cannot pre$cribe, an' e !o claim$
te bene"it o" pre$cription a$ te b)r'en o" proo"*
1* te committee on claim$ in te a"ore$ai' procee'ing a'
p)bli$e' "or tree con$ec)ti,e !ee:$ a notice to
claimant$, $tating tat te8 migt pre$ent teir claim$
!itin te perio' o" $i- mont$, te committee to ol'
meeting$ at te o""ice o" Attorne8 %*G* Go8ena, room
9o* 1, 3<, E$colta, on te la$t 2e'ne$'a8 o" eac mont
at 3037 p* m* "or te p)rpo$e o" earing an' 'eci'ing
claim$, not!it$tan'ing te appointment i$$)e' b8 te
co)rt, in !ic te place$ are 'e$ignate' !ere te
notice $o)l' be po$te', an' te ne!$paper in !ic it
$o)l' be p)bli$e' "or tree !ee:$, gi,ing te cre'itor$
te perio' o" $i- mont$ to pre$ent teir claim$*
3or te "oregoing te ()'gment appeale' "rom i$ re,er$e', an'
it i$ ereb8 'eclare' tat te plainti"" appellee a$ lo$t i$ rigt
to en"orce i$ claim in ti$ procee'ing, !ito)t prono)ncement
a$ to co$t$* So or'ere'*
-o+nson& Malcolm& Avance?a& Ostrand& and Romualde& --.&
concur.. Street& -.& dissents.
Strret& dissenting
te "ollo!ing appear$ "rom te $tip)lation o" "act$ an' e-ibit$0
/)ring all ti$ time, noting, a$ a$ alrea'8 been $ai', !a$
'one !it regar'$ to te e$tate o" +an 6eng S)e* Ai$ !i'o!
!a$ in Cina an' no legal repre$entati,e !a$ appointe' to
loo: a"ter i$ a""air* 2en i$ !i'o! an' eir$ learne' o" te
'eat o" +ampoco;$ e-ec)tor, Go S)i San, a$$)re' tem tat
te $ame !ill be re$pecte' an' pai' !en 'eman'e'; tat
tere !a$ no nee' o" pre$enting te claim be"ore te
committee or te probate co)rt a$ te $ame appeare' alrea'8
on te boo:$ o" te e$tate; an' tat it !a$ to teir a',antage
not to $egregate it "rom te ma$$ a$ it !a$ gaining intere$t*
Certain 'i""erent amo)nt$ on ti$ acco)nt !ere in "act recei,e'
b8 te !i'o! an' eir$ o" +an 6eng S)e !o nat)rall8 became
more con,ince' o" te a',ice$ o" Go S)i San* >See a""i'a,it$
o" Go .iec an' +an C)i La8, "olio$ 79 to 86 o" recor'*?
Con$eB)entl8, te claim o" +an 6eng S)e !a$ not pre$ente' to
te original committee on claim$ in te e$tate o" +ampoco*
.a$e' )pon $)c "act$, te ()'gment o" te lo!er co)rt $o)l'
be a""irme'*
&UIRINO V GROSPE
GR L-@8797
6A/4LLA; #an)ar8 31, 1989
NATURE
%3R on 'eci$ion o" SC on a 6etition on Certiorari
FACTS
-te ca$e i$ te re$ol)tion to te %3R "ile' $eparatel8 b8 #)an 3*
Gome& >Att8 o" eir$ o" /on #)an Ca$tell,i?, #e$)$ /a,i' >att8* O"
/ona Carmen Ca$tell,i?, RaB)i&a Cil'ren an' teir "ater Antonio
RaB)i&a >a$ eir$ o" 9ati,i'a' Ca$tell,i-RaB)i&a?, Antonio N)irino
>a$ a'mini$trator o" e$tate o" 9ati,i'a' Ca$tell,i?
- bac:gro)n' "act$0 ti$ i$ te $pecial procee'ing "or te $ettlement
o" te te$tate e$tate o" /on Al"on$o, !o$e la$t !ill in$tit)te'
9ati,i'a' Ca$tell,i to 153 o" e$tate, an' /on #)an Ca$tell,i to 153 o"
e$tate* te a'mini$tratri- o" $ai' e$tate i$ /ona Carmen* +e R+C
'enie' $ome claim$ again$t te e$tate an' grante' oter$ >$et "ort
belo!?, t)$ te petition on certiorari* +e SC a""irme', t)$ ti$
%3R*
ISSUE
2O9 te motion$ $o)l' be grante'
HELD
9O* /enie'* E,er8ting*
1* MFR of -uan F. Gome "on +is claim for atty@s fees#
Claim0 attorne8;$ "ee$ "rom e$tate o" /on Al"on$o an' tran$portation
an' repre$entation e-pen$e$, "or $er,ice$ a'mitte'l8 ren'ere' to te
eir$ o" /on #)an*
Ruling0 Claim ma8 not be carge' again$t te e$tate o" /on Al"on$o*
Gome&D$ claim$ "or attorne8;$ "ee$ an' tran$portation an'
repre$entation e-pen$e$ are "or $er,ice$ ren'ere' to te allege'
$)b$tit)te' eir$ o" /on #)an an' $)c $er,ice$ 'i' not in)re to te
bene"it o" /on Al"on$o Ca$tell,i nor i$ e$tate*
-Gabin ,* %alle(a0 te term Oclaim$P reB)ire' to be pre$ente' again$t
a 'ece'ent;$ e$tate i$ generall8 con$tr)e' to mean 'ebt$ or
'eman'$ o" a pec)niar8 nat)re !ic co)l' a,e been en"orce'
again$t te 'ecea$e' in i$ li"etime or liabilit8 contracte' b8 te
'ecea$e' be"ore i$ 'eat*
-+e co)rt carge' !it te $ettlement o" te e$tate o" /on Al"on$o i$
bo)n' to protect te e$tate "rom an8 'i$b)r$ement$ ba$e' on claim$
not cargeable to te e$tate*
Claim: Gome& !a$ 'epri,e' o" ')e proce$$, a$ e !a$ not
implea'e' a$ part8 re$pon'ent in, an' reB)ire' to an$!er, te
petition "or certiorari
Ruling: Gome& a' alrea'8 "ile' a motion "or inter,ention >"ile' prior
to te 'eci$ion a$$aile' ere?, an' te allegation$ $et "ort terein
!ere ')l8 con$i'ere' an' $t)'ie' b8 te Co)rt* Ai$ act o" "iling te
$ai' motion "or inter,ention an' i$ pre$ent %3R, in')bitabl8 ga,e
im an a'eB)ate opport)nit8 to pre$ent i$ $i'e o" te contro,er$8,
an' tere"ore c)re' an8 'e"ect o" allege' lac: o" ')e proce$$*
- Alto)g a$ a general r)le, certiorari !ill not lie )nle$$ te lo!er
co)rt a$, tro)g a %3R, been gi,en a cance to correct te error$
imp)te' to it, ti$ r)le, o!e,er, a'mit$ o" e-ception$, li:e0 >1? !en
te i$$)e rai$e' i$ one p)rel8 o" la!; >1? !ere p)blic intere$t i$
in,ol,e'; an' >3? in ca$e o" )rgenc8* Aere, te B)e$tione' or'er$ o"
te trial co)rt !ere alrea'8 being e-ec)te', ence, tere !a$ an
)rgenc8, tereb8 allo!ing petitioner to "ile a petition "or certiorari
!ito)t nee' o" "ir$t "iling a %3R*
1* MFR of -esus T. 6avid "on +is claim for atty@s fees#
Claim: attorne8;$ "ee$ "or $er,ice$ ren'ere' "or /oQa Carmen
Ruling: te $er,ice$ !ere not "or te bene"it o" /on Al"on$o or i$
e$tate* Onl8 claim$ !ic co)l' a,e been en"orce' again$t te
'ecea$e' in i$ li"etime are allo!e' to be pre$ente' again$t i$
e$tate, !it te e-ception o" ")neral e-pen$e$, e-pen$e$ "or te la$t
$ic:ne$$, an' a'mini$tration e-pen$e$ in te or'inar8 co)r$e*
-/a,i' conten'$ tat e a$ te rigt to attac an' le,8 on /oQa
Carmen;$ a'mini$tratri-D "ee$ an' $are in te e$tate o" /on Al"on$o
>a$ i$ !i"e?
-ti$ i$$)e canDt be $ettle' in te $pecial procee'ing$ "or $ettlement
o" /on Al"on$o;$ e$tate* +e $)b(ect o" $ettlement in ti$ ca$e i$ not
te e$tate o" /oQa Carmen* 3or /a,i' to in$i$t in ti$ procee'ing i$
claim again$t /oQa Carmen;$ allege' "ee$ a$ a'mini$tratri- an'
11
$are in te e$tate o" /on Al"on$o !o)l' be irreg)lar an' )ntenable*
O+e lo!er co)rt i$ one o" limite' ()ri$'iction, an' it a$ no a)torit8
to 'etermine a$ to !o are te eir$ o" /on #)an >parang mali na
O/on #)anP to? an'5or 'eci'e te claim$ or 'eman'$ !ic ma8 be
properl8 pai' o)t o" te ")n'$ o" te e$tate o" /oQa Carmen*P S)c
i$$)e$ a,e to be 'etermine' $eparatel8*
- to allo! ere te en"orcement o" te claim o" /a,i' again$t /oQa
Carmen;$ allege' $are in te e$tate o" /on Al"on$o, !o)l' amo)nt
to $)mmaril8 'eclaring /oQa Carmen an eir o" /on Al"on$o, !ito)t
gi,ing te oter eir$ or claimant$ to te latter;$ e$tate an opport)nit8
to oppo$e te $ame* %oreo,er, !ate,er "ee$ /oQa Carmen migt
a,e earne' ')ring er li"etime a$ a'mini$tratri- o" te e$tate o" /on
Al"on$o $o)l' go to er e$tate* Aence, !ate,er claim erein
inter,enor a$ again$t te 'ecea$e' /oQa Carmen, $o)l' be
pre$ente' be"ore te co)rt !it ()ri$'iction in $ettling er e$tate* Ae
cannot re$ort to a $ort c)t an' pre$ent i$ claim 'irectl8 to ti$
Co)rt to $)it i$ o!n en' an' con,enience tereb8 br)$ing a$i'e
te $ettle' r)le$ o" applicable proce')re*
3* MFR of t+e RaAuia c+ildren an' teir "ater >conte$ting a!ar' o"
att8D$ "ee$ to Att8* %en'o&a, te att8 o" e$tate o" /on Al"on$o?
Claim: a!ar' o" att8D$ "ee$ to Att8* %en'o&a i$ not ,ali' on te
gro)n' tat te8 ne,er ga,e teir con$ent tereto, nor 'i' /oQa
Carmen, a$ a'mini$trati- o" te $ai' e$tate*
Ruling: Recor'$ o" te ca$e $o! tat 9ati,i'a', te in$tit)te' eir
to 153 o" e$tate o" /on Al"on$o, ga,e er con"ormit8 to $)c a!ar' o"
att8D$ "ee$ in "a,or o" %en'o&a* %oreo,er, mo,ant$, tro)g teir
"ater Att8* RaB)i&a, a' agree' to grant $ai' att8D$ "ee$* 4n "act,
$eparate mani"e$tation$ !ere "ile' b8 Att8* RaB)i&a an' /ona
Carmen !it'ra!ing teir oppo$ition$ to $ai' claim*
- 2it regar' to E-eB)iel 3loro;$ >cre'itorK i$ role !a$ not 'i$clo$e'
in te ca$e? claim "or pa8ment "or $er,ice$ ren'ere' to te e$tate o"
/on Al"on$o, te r)le i$ tat !ere te monetar8 claim again$t te
a'mini$trator a$ a relation to i$ act$ o" a'mini$tration in te
or'inar8 co)r$e tereo", $)c claim$ can be pre$ente' "or pa8ment
!it te co)rt !ere a $pecial procee'ing "or te $ettlement o" te
e$tate i$ pen'ing, alto)g $ai' claim$ !ere not inc)rre' b8 te
'ecea$e' ')ring i$ li"etime an' collectible a"ter i$ 'eat, $ince te
a'mini$tration i$ )n'er te 'irect $)per,i$ion o" te co)rt an' te
a'mini$trator i$ $)b(ect to it$ a)torit8*
- A$ to 2O9 te mo,ant$ are eir$ o" 9ati,i'a', t)$, entitle' to er
$are in te e$tate o" /on Al"on$o, 'etermination o" te $ame i$
again not !itin te ()ri$'iction o" te lo!er co)rt carge' onl8 !it
te $ettlement o" te e$tate o" /on Al"on$o*
<* MFR of Antonio Buirino >a$ a'mini$trator o" e$tate o" 9ati,i'a'?
Claim: Conte$t$ te a!ar'$ gi,en to Att8* %en'o&a an' 3loro
Ruling: A$ $ai' earlier, 9ati,i'a' an' /oQa Carmen a' gi,en teir
con"ormit8 to te a!ar' o" att8D$ "ee$ to %en'o&a* N)irino !o no!
i$ acting a$ $pecial a'mini$trator o" e$tate$ o" 9ati,i'a' an' /ona
Carmen i$ e$toppe' "rom B)e$tioning $ai' a!ar'*
-A$ "or te a!ar' to E-eB)iel 3loro, te $ame !a$ allo!e' "or
$er,ice$ ren'ere' "or te bene"it o" te e$tate o" /on Al"on$o an' te
$ame "all$ )n'er te categor8 o" Oa'mini$tration e-pen$eP !ic ma8
be pai' o)t o" te e$tate* Al$o, te eir$ o" /on Al"on$o a' 'roppe'
teir oppo$ition to $ai' claim, t)$, te8 are barre' "rom B)e$tioning
it at ti$ $tage*
@* Motion for 7ntervention of Carmen Castellvi& et al. "as alleged
subsitituted +eirs of 6on -uan
Claim: $ee:$ clari"ication o" term Oin$tit)te' eir$P an' a mo'i"ication
o" te 'eci$ion, $o tat te term Oin$tit)te' eir$P !o)l' incl)'e
Osubstituted eir$P o" /on #)an* +e8 al$o !ant te $etting a$i'e o"
te portion tat pro,i'e$ "or te "inal 'i$trib)tion o" te e$tate o" /on
Al"on$o to te in$tit)te' eir$ or teir re$pecti,e e$tate$, i" it !o)l'
mean tat 'eli,er8 o" te 153 $are o" te e$tate o" /on Al"on$o i$ to
be ma'e only to 6on -uan or +is estate* +o or'er te 'eli,er8 o" te
re$i')e o" te e$tate o" /on Al"on$o to te Oe$tate o" /on #)anP >to
te e-tent o" 153 a$ 'ecree' in /on Al"on$o;$ la$t !ill? in$tea' o" i$
$)b$tit)te' eir$, !ill re$)lt in re-ligation among tem$el,e$ an'5or
!it oter partie$ "or teir re$pecti,e $are$ o,er te e$tate o" /on
#)an, !en te8 a' alrea'8 ,entilate' te i$$)e o" eir$ip o,er te
$ame be"ore te lo!er co)rt an' !ere 'eclare' eir$ o" /on #)an
an' $)b$tit)te' eir$ to i$ 153 $are in te e$tate o" /on Al"on$o
Ruling: +o allo! inter,enor$ in$tea' o" te e$tate o" te in$tit)te'
eir, /on #)an, to recei,e te re$i')e o" te e$tate o" /on Al"on$o
!o)l' be not onl8 pre()'icial to te cre'itor$ o" /on #)an b)t al$o to
te go,ernment in te "orm o" non-pa8ment o" ta-e$ reB)ire' b8 la!*
+e tran$"er o" te e$tate o" /on Al"on$o to i$ in$tit)te' eir$
>9ati,i'a' an' /on #)an? i$ $)b(ect to pa8ment o" e$tate ta-e$*
.e"ore te e$tate$ o" /on #)an >an' 9ati,i'a'? can be tran$"erre' to
teir eir$, again, e$tate ta-e$ m)$t "ir$t be pai' to te go,ernment*
+o allo! inter,enor$, a$ $)b$tit)te' eir$ o" /on #)an, to recei,e
'irectl8 "rom te e$tate o" /on Al"on$o, te $are pertaining to /on
#)an, co)l' re$)lt in a $ingle tran$"er o" propert8 an' a $ingle
pa8ment o" e$tate ta-e$, in "ra)' o" te go,ernment* Al$o, te lo!er
co)rt a$ no ()ri$'iction to 'etermine !o te eir$ o" /on #)an are;
ti$ a$ to be ,entilate' $eparatel8*
6* Motion for Clarificatory Order of -uan F. Gome
Claim: clari"ication o" te 'enial o" i$ claim "or att8D$ "ee$, a$ to
2O9 it i$ meant to ann)l not onl8 or'er "i-ing i$ "ee$ b)t al$o te
appro,al o" te contract "or $er,ice$ b8 lo!er co)rt*
Ruling: Ai$ claim i$ cargeable to te eir$ o" /on #)an, an' te
lo!er co)rt a$ no ()ri$'iction to "i- $)c "ee$ "or $er,ice$ ren'ere'
not to te e$tate o" /on Al"on$o, b)t to te eir$ o" /on #)an* 4t
"ollo!$ tat te co)rt a B)o a$ no ()ri$'iction to appro,e a contract
o" legal $er,ice$ bet!een claimant an' te eir$ o" /on #)an* +e
co)rt i$ o" limite' ()ri$'iction, empo!ere' to $ettle onl8 te e$tate o"
/on Al"on$o0 an8 act 'one in e-ce$$ o" $)c limit$ ma8 not be gi,en
"orce an' e""ect*
7* Omnibus Motion for )arly Resolution and 7mmediate Release for
Funds by t+e RaAuia C+ildren
Claim: appro,al "or relea$e o" te amo)nt o" 6377: to allege'l8 ta:e
care o" b)rial e-pen$e$ inc)rre' )pon 'eat o" 9ati,i'a'
Ruling: /enie'* 2at mo,ant$ are act)all8 pra8ing o" ti$ Co)rt i$ to
re,er$e te or'er o" 'enial o" teir motion "or relea$e o" ")n'$* .e"ore
a re,ie! can be ma'e o" $ai' or'er o" 'enial, mo,ant$ $o)l' a,e
"ile' a proper petition be"ore ti$ Co)rt an' not a mere motion* +i$
inci'ent i$ not co,ere' b8 te petition "or certiorari re$ol,e' in te
'eci$ion
Disposition %R 'enie'* /eci$ion a""irme'
MARIA G. AGUAS ET. AL. , vs. HERMOGENES
LLEMOS
@ SCRA 9@9 >1961 ?
RE=ES, #*.*L*, #*0
FACTS
On 1< %arc 1967, 3ranci$co Salina$ an' te $po)$e$ 3eli-
G)ar'ino an' %aria Ag)a$ (ointl8 "ile' an '(%$! %! ()" C$#*( $+
F%*s( I!s(!'" $+ C(,-$.!, S/*, ($ *"'$v"* 0/."s "rom
Aermogene$ Llemo$, a,erring tat te latter $er,e' tem b8
regi$tere' mail !it a cop8 o" a petition "or a !rit o" po$$e$$ion, !it
notice tat te $ame !o)l' be $)bmitte' to te $ai' co)rt o" Samar
on 3ebr)ar8 13, 1967 at 8077 a* m* 4n ,ie! o" te cop8 an' notice
$er,e', plainti""$ procee'e' to te co)rt "rom teir re$i'ence in
%anila accompanie' b8 teir la!8er$, onl8 to 'i$co,er tat no $)c
petition a' been "ile'; an' tat 'e"en'ant Llemo$ malicio)$l8 "aile'
to appear in co)rt, $o tat plainti""$; e-pen'it)re an' tro)ble t)rne'
o)t to be in ,ain, ca)$ing tem mental ang)i$ an' )n')e
embarra$$ment*
On 1 April 1967, be"ore e co)l' an$!er te complaint, te
'e"en'ant 'ie'* Fpon lea,e o" co)rt, plainti""$ amen'e' teir
complaint to incl)'e te eir$ o" te 'ecea$e'* On 11 #)l8 1967, te
eir$ "ile' a motion to 'i$mi$$, an' b8 or'er o" 11 A)g)$t 1967, te
co)rt belo! 'i$mi$$e' it, on te gro)n' tat te legal repre$entati,e,
an' not te eir$, $o)l' a,e been ma'e te part8 'e"en'ant; an'
tat an8!a8 te action being "or reco,er8 o" mone8, te$tate or
inte$tate procee'ing $o)l' be initiate' an' te claim "ile' terein*
%otion "or recon$i'eration a,ing been 'enie', te ca$e !a$
appeale' to )$ on point$ o" la!*
ISSUE
W)"()"* $* !$( ()" 's" 1s 2*$2"*-3 0%s/%ss"0
HELD
4CAVEAT: OBITER NA LANG TO BECAUSE AS JBL NOTED,
NAG5AROON NG COMPROMISE AGREEMENT SA LOWER
COURT6
NO, ()" C$#*( s)$#-0 )v" --$1"0 ()" 's" ($ 2*$s2"* ,"'#s"
()" $,-%.(%$! %!v$-v"0 )"*"%! %s !$( $!" $+ ()$s" ,("0 ,3 ()"
0"() $+ ()" 0"+"!0!(.
12
6lainti""$ arg)e !it con$i'erable cogenc8 tat contra$ting te
correlate' pro,i$ion$ o" te R)le$ o" Co)rt, to$e concerning claim$
tat are barre' i" not "ile' in te e$tate $ettlement procee'ing$ >R)le
87, $ec* @? an' to$e 'e"ining action$ tat $)r,i,e an' ma8 be
pro$ec)te' again$t te e-ec)tor or a'mini$trator >R)le 88, $ec* 1?, it
i$ apparent tat action$ "or 'amage$ ca)$e' b8 tortio)$ con')ct o"
'e"en'ant >a$ in te ca$e at bar? $)r,i,e te 'eat o" te latter*
Fn'er R)le 87, $ection @, te action$ tat are abate' b8 'eat are0
>1? claim$ "or ")neral e-pen$e$ an' to$e "or te la$t $ic:ne$$ o" te
'ece'ent; >1? ()'gment$ "or mone8; an' >3? Call claim$ "or mone8
again$t te 'ece'ent, ari$ing "rom contract e-pre$$ or implie'C*
9one o" te$e incl)'e$ tat o" te plainti""$-appellant$; "or it i$ not
eno)g tat te claim again$t te 'ecea$e' part8 be "or mone8, b)t it
m)$t ari$e "rom Ccontract e-pre$$ or implie'C, an' te$e !or'$ >al$o
)$e' b8 te R)le$ in connection !it attacment$ an' 'eri,e' "rom
te common la!? !ere con$tr)e' in Le)ng .en ,$* O;.rien, 38 6il*
181, 189-19<,Cto incl)'e all p)rel8 per$onal obligation$ oter tan
to$e !ic a,e teir $o)rce in 'elict or tort*C
Fpon te oter an', R)le 88, $ection 1, en)merate$ action$ tat
$)r,i,e again$t a 'ece'ent;$ e-ec)tor$ or a'mini$trator$, an' te8
are0 >1? action$ to reco,er real an' per$onal propert8 "rom te e$tate;
>1? action$ to en"orce a lien tereon; an' >3? action$ to reco,er
'amage$ "or an in()r8 to per$on or propert8* +e pre$ent $)it i$ one
"or 'amage$ )n'er te la$t cla$$, it a,ing been el' tat Cin()r8 to
propert8C i$ not limite' to in()rie$ to $peci"ic propert8, b)t e-ten'$ to
oter !rong$ b8 !ic per$onal e$tate i$ in()re' or 'imini$e'
>.a:er ,$* Cran'all, <7 Am* Rep* 116; al$o 171 A* L* R* 139@?* +o
malicio)$l8 ca)$e a part8 to inc)r )nnece$$ar8 e-pen$e$, a$
carge' in ti$ ca$e, i$ certainl8 in()r8 to tat part8;$ propert8 >#a,ier
,$* Araneta, L-<169, A)g* 31 19@3?*
CALMA VS TANEDO
66 6il @9<
9o,ember 18,1938; A,ancena
NATURE
Action "or ann)lment o" $ale o" te propert8 ma'e b8 te $eri""
FACTS
Spo)$e$ E)lalio Calma an' 3a)$ta %aca$aB)it !ere te
o!ner$ o" te propert8 'e$cribe' in te complaint, being teir
con()gal propert8* +e8 !ere al$o in'ebte' to E$peran&a +aQe'o,
cargeable again$t te con()gal propert8, in te $)m$ o" 69<8*3<
an' 61<7 >!5 intere$t o" 17J?* 3a)$ta %aca$aB)it 'ie' lea,ing a !ill
!erein $e appointe' er 'a)gter, %aria Calma, a$ a'mini$tratri-
o" er propertie$* 4n te probate procee'ing$ in te Co)rt o" 3ir$t
4n$tance o" +arlac, te $ai' 'a)gter, %aria Calma, !a$ appointe'
()'icial a'mini$tratri- o" te propertie$ o" te 'ecea$e'*
2ile te probate procee'ing$ !ere pen'ing, E$peran&a
+ane'o, "ile' a complaint again$t E)lalio Calma "or te reco,er8 o"
te $)m$ o" 69<8*3< an' 61<7* C34 +arlac ren'ere' ()'gment "or te
pa8ment o" ti$ $)m* 4n te e-ec)tion o" ti$ ()'gment, 'e$pite te
tir' part8 claim "ile' b8 3a)$ta %aca$aB)it, te propert8 'e$cribe'
in te complaint !a$ $ol' b8 te $eri""*
ISSUE
2O9 complaint can be bro)gt again$t 'ecea$e' E)lalio Calma
>a,ing cea$e' a$ legal a'mini$trator o" te con()gal propert8 a'
!it i$ !i"e 3a)$ta %aca$aB)it? "or te reco,er8 o" an in'ebte'ne$$
cargeable again$t $ai' con()gal propert8
HELD
9o
RATIO
N$ '$/2-%!( '! ," ,*$#.)( .%!s( )%/ +$* ()" *"'$v"*3 $+ !
%!0",("0!"ss ')*.",-" .%!s( s%0 '$!7#.- 2*$2"*(3, !0
()( ()" '(%$! s)$#-0 ," %!s(%(#("0 %! ()" ("s(/"!(*3
2*$'""0%!.s $+ ()" 0"'"s"0 F#s( M's8#%( %! ()" /!!"*
2*$v%0"0 ,3 -1, ,3 +%-%!. %( +%*s( 1%() ()" '$//%(("" $!
'-%/s.+e probate procee'ing$ o" te 'ecea$e' 3a)$ta %aca$aB)it
!ere in$tit)te' in accor'ance !it Act 9o* 3176 rea'ing0
OSEC* 68@* 2en te marriage i$ 'i$$ol,e' b8 te 'eat o" te
)$ban' or !i"e, te comm)nit8 propert8 $all be in,entorie',
a'mini$tere', an' liB)i'ate', an' te 'ebt$ tereo" $all be pai', in te
te$tamentar8 or inte$tate procee'ing$ o" te 'ecea$e' $po)$e, in
accor'ance !it te pro,i$ion$ o" ti$ Co'e relati,e to te a'mini$tration
an' liB)i'ation an' partition procee'ing, )nle$$ te partie$, being all o"
age an' legall8 capacitate', a,ail tem$el,e$ o" te rigt grante' to tem
b8 ti$ Co'e o" procee'ing to an e-tra()'icial partition an' liB)i'ation o"
$ai' propert8* 4n ca$e it i$ nece$$ar8 to $ell an8 portion o" $ai' comm)nit8
propert8 in or'er to pa8 te o)t$tan'ing 'ebt$ an' obligation$ o" te
$ame, $)c $ale $all be ma'e in te manner an' !it te "ormalitie$
e$tabli$e' b8 ti$ Co'e "or te $ale o" te propert8 o" 'ecea$e' per$on$*
An8 $ale, tran$"er, alienation or 'i$po$ition o" $ai' propert8 e""ecte'
!ito)t $ai' "ormalitie$ $all be n)ll an' ,oi', e-cept a$ regar'$ te
portion tat belonge' to te ,en'or at te time te liB)i'ation an' partition
!a$ ma'e*P
6rior to ti$ Act, te liB)i'ation o" con()gal propert8 !a$ ma'e )n'er
$ection 68@ o" te Co'e o" Ci,il 6roce')re* 4nterpreting te $cope o"
Act 9o* 3176, ti$ co)rt, in te ca$e o" Caragay vs. 2rAuia, $ai' tat
te /"!0/"!( %!(*$0#'"0 ,3 ()%s A'( '$!s%s(s %! #()$*%9%!.
()" %!s(%(#(%$! $+ ("s((" $* %!("s((" 2*$'""0%!.s +$* ()"
s"((-"/"!( $+ ()" "s((" $+ 0"'"s"0 s2$#s" $* $+ ! $*0%!*3
'(%$! +$* ()" -%8#%0(%$! !0 2*(%(%$! $+ ()" 2*$2"*(3 $+
'$!7#.- 2*(!"*s)%2. I( s)$#-0 ," #!0"*s($$0 ()( ()"s"
*"/"0%"s *" -("*!(%v", !0 !$( '#/#-(%v", %! )" s"!s" ()(
()"3 '!!$( ," v%-"0 $+ ( )" s/" (%/", %!s/#') s !
!$/-$#s !0 ')$(%' s%(#(%$! 1$#-0 *"s#-( %+ '$!7#.-
2*$2"*(3 1"*" 0/%!%s("*"0, -%8#%0("0 !0 0%s(*%,#("0 ( ()"
s/" (%/" %! ("s(/"!(*3 2*$'""0%!. !0 %! ! $*0%!*3
'(%$! +$* -%8#%0(%$! !0 2*(%(%$! $+ 2*$2"*(3. Con$eB)entl8, te
te$tamentar8 procee'ing$ o" 3a)$ta %aca$aB)it a,ing been
in$tit)te', te liB)i'ation an' partition o" te con()gal propert8 b8
rea$on o" er marriage to E)lalio Calma $o)l' be ma'e in te$e
procee'ing$, to te e-cl)$ion o" an8 oter procee'ing "or te $ame
p)rpo$e*
4n te ca$e o" Cru vs. 6e -esus$ai' tat !en te marriage i$
'i$$ol,e' b8 te 'eat o" te !i"e, te legal po!er o" management o"
te )$ban' cea$e$, pa$$ing to te a'mini$trator appointe' b8 te
co)rt in te te$tate or inte$tate procee'ing$ in$tit)te' to tat en' i"
tere be an8 'ebt$ to be pai'* +i$ 'octrine a$ been con"irme' in
te oter ca$e o" Ona vs. 6e Gala
REASONING
2en E$peran&a +ane'o bro)gt $)it again$t E)lalio Calma "or te
pa8ment o" te $)m$, te po!er o" E)lalio Calma* legal a'mini$trator
o" te con()gal propert8 !ile 3a)$ta %aca$aB)it !a$ li,ing, a'
cea$e' an' pa$$e' to te a'mini$tratri- %aria Calma appointe' in
te te$tamentar8 procee'ing$ o" 3a)$ta %aca$aB)it*
Hv%!. ($ ," +%-"0 ''$*0%!. ($ A'( N$. :;<= #!0"* ()"
2*$v%s%$!s $+ ()" C$0" $+ C%v%- P*$'"0#*" *"-(%v" ($ ()"
0/%!%s(*(%$! !0 -%8#%0(%$! $+ 2*$2"*(%"s $+ 0"'"s"0
2"*s$!s, %( s)$#-0 ," +%-"0 ,"+$*" ()" '$//%(("" $! '-%/s %!
s%0 ("s(/"!(*3 2*$'""0%!.s !0, ( -- "v"!(s, ()"*"+("*, ,3
22"- ($ ()" '$**"s2$!0%!. C$#*( $+ F%*s( I!s(!'", %! !
$*0%!*3 '(%$! .%!s( ()" 7#0%'%- 0/%!%s(*(*%>* On te oter
an', te propert8 'e$cribe' in te complaint i$ incl)'e' among te
in,entorie' propertie$ $)b(ect to te te$tamentar8 procee'ing$ o"
3a)$ta %aca$aB)it beca)$e, belonging a$ it 'oe$ to te con()gal
propert8, it $o)l', )n'er Act 9o* 3176, be incl)'e' among te
propertie$ o" te te$tamentar8 procee'ing$*
DISPOSITION +e $ale o" te propert8 'e$cribe' in te complaint,
ma'e b8 te $eri"" in e-ec)tion o" te ()'gment ren'ere' again$t
E)lalio Calma "or te collection o" te in'ebte'ne$$ cargeable
again$t te con()gal propert8, i$ ,oi' an' $ai' propert8 $o)l' be
'eeme' $)b(ect to te te$tamentar8 procee'ing$ o" te 'ecea$e'
3a)$ta %aca$aB)it "or all te p)rpo$e$ o" tat ca$e*
PAREDES VS MOYA
61 SCRA @17
3ER9A9/EG ; /ecember 16, 197<
NATURE
+i$ i$ a petition "or certiorari imp)gning te legalit8 o" te or'er o"
C34 n)lli"8ing it$ or'er o" e-ec)tion i$$)e' on A)g)$t 18, 1973
p)r$)ant to te ()'gment tat a$ become "inal an' e-ec)tor8 on
#)ne 18, 1973, an' te corre$pon'ing le,8 on e-ec)tion on A)g)$t
11, 1973 an' te p)blic a)ction $ale el' on October 1, 1973*
FACTS
13
- Se,erino 6are'e$ "ile' a $)it on #an* <, 196< "or te collection o"
$eparation an' o,ertime pa8$ again$t i$ emplo8er, A)g)$t H)nt&e*
- 'eci$ion !a$ ren'ere' again$t H)nt&e, "rom !ic ()'gment, e
appeale' to te CA*
- 2ile te ca$e !a$ pen'ing appeal, H)nt&e 'ie' on #)ne 19, 1971*
6are'e$ !a$ ')l8 noti"ie'*
- Carmencita /* 9a,arro H)nt&e, a'mini$tratri- o" te e$tate o" te
'ecea$e', !a$ $)b$tit)te' in i$ place a$ part8 in te appeale' ca$e*
CA 'i$mi$$e' te appeal "or appellant;$ "ail)re to "ile te printe'
recor' on appeal, an' $o te recor' o" te ca$e !a$ or'ere'
reman'e' re$pon'ent co)rt*
- A motion "or e-ec)tion !a$ "ile' b8 6are'e$* +e pro,incial Seri""
o" Ri&al le,ie' on te propertie$ o" H)nt&e >no! $)b$tit)te' b8 te
A'mini$tratri- Carmencita? con$i$ting o" 1 lot$* 4n te a)ction $ale
con')cte' b8 te Seri"", 6are'e$ being te ige$t bi''er, acB)ire'
$ai' lot*
- Ao!e,er, in $pite o" a %otion to N)a$ te 2rit o" E-ec)tion "ile'
b8 Carmencita an' $till pen'ing re$ol)tion, 6ara'e$ $ol' te propert8
e acB)ire' in e-ec)tion $ale in "a,or o" i$ co-petitioner, Eictorio
4gnacio on October 17, 1973*
- C34, on 9o,ember 1, 1973, i$$)e' an or'er $etting a$i'e te 2rit o"
E-ec)tion an' te Seri"";$ Sale an' 6)blic A)ction o" te propert8,
!ito)t pre()'ice to te "iling o" te ()'gment a$ a claim in te
procee'ing$ "or $ettlement o" te e$tate o" te 'ecea$e'*
ISSUES
1* 2O9 te 'eat o" H)nt&e arre$te' te ()'gment again$t im*
1* 2O9 6are'e$ erre' in e-ec)ting on te propertie$ o" H)nt&e*
HELD
1* 9O
- 4n te ca$e o" a mone8 claim, !ere te 'e"en'ant 'ie$ ')ring te
pen'enc8 o" i$ appeal "rom te ()'gment ren'ere' again$t im, te
appeal $o)l' not be 'i$mi$$e'; it $o)l' contin)e, b)t te 'ecea$e'
'e"en'ant $o)l' be $)b$tit)te' b8 i$ legal repre$entati,e, namel8,
te e-ec)tor or a'mini$trator o" te e$tate* 4" te ()'gment o" te
lo!er co)rt i$ a""irme', te plainti"" m)$t a"ter!ar'$ go to te probate
co)rt "or an or'er 'irecting te e-ec)tor or a'mini$trator to $ati$"8 te
()'gment* +e C34 tat originall8 ren'ere' te ()'gment a$ no
po!er to or'er it$ e-ec)tion an' a le,8 on te propertie$ o" te
'ecea$e' beca)$e te $ame are alrea'8 in c)$to'ia legi$ in te
probate co)rt !ere a'mini$tration procee'ing$ "or te $ettlement o"
te e$tate o" te 'ecea$e' 'e"en'ant are alrea'8 pen'ing*
- Sec*11 R)le 3 o" te ROC pro,i'e$0 2en te action i$ "or reco,er8
o" mone8, 'ebt or intere$t tereon, an' te 'e"en'ant 'ie$ be"ore
"inal ()'gment in te Co)rt o" 3ir$t 4n$tance, it $all be 'i$mi$$e' to
be pro$ec)te' in te manner e$peciall8 pro,i'e' in te$e r)le$*
Con,er$el8, i" te 'e"en'ant 'ie$ a"ter "inal ()'gment a$ been
ren'ere' b8 te C34, a$ in te ca$e at bar, te action $)r,i,e$*
Con$eB)entl8, contrar8 to re$pon'ent$; claim, te ()'gment again$t
te 'ecea$e' H)nt&e became "inal an' e-ec)tor8; it !a$ not arre$te'
b8 i$ 'eat*
1* =ES
- +e proper reme'8 o" plainti"" 6are'e$ $o)l' a,e been to "ile i$
claim in te a'mini$tration procee'ing$ o" te e$tate o" te 'ecea$e'
'e"en'ant H)nt&e !ere Carmencita i$ te a'mini$tratri-
- #)'gment "or mone8 again$t te 'ece'ent, m)$t be "ile' at te time
limite' in te notice >to cre'itor$? be"ore te co)rt !ere te
a'mini$tration procee'ing in,ol,ing te e$tate o" te 'ecea$e'
H)nt&e are pen'ing* Sec*@, R)le 86 o" te ROC pro,i'e$0
All claim$ "or mone8 again$t te 'ece'ent, ari$ing "rom contract,
e-pre$$ or implie', !eter te $ame be ')e, not ')e, or contingent,
all claim$ "or ")neral e-pen$e$ an' e-pen$e$ "or te la$t $ic:ne$$ o"
te 'ece'ent an' *udgment for money against t+e decedent& must be
filed "before t+e probate court# :it+in t+e time limited in t+e notice "to
t+e creditors#< oter!i$e te8 are barre' "ore,er, e-cept tat te8
ma8 be $et "ort a$ co)nterclaim$ in an8 action tat te e-ec)tor or
a'mini$trator ma8 bring again$t te claimant$*
- +e ()'gment "or mone8 again$t te 'ecea$e' $tan'$ in te $ame
"ooting a$ OAll claim$ "or mone8 again$t te 'ece'ent, ari$ing "rom
contract, e-pre$$ or implie', !eter te $ame be ')e, not ')e, or
contingent, all claim$ "or ")neral e-pen$e$ an' e-pen$e$ "or te la$t
$ic:ne$$ o" te 'ece'entP alto)g te ,ali'it8 o" te mone8 claim
co,ere' b8 a ()'gment again$t te 'ece'ent !ic a$ alrea'8
become "inal an' e-ec)tor8 can no longer be litigate' in te co)rt
!ere a'mini$tration procee'ing$ "or te $ettlement o" te propertie$
o" te 'ecea$e' are $till pen'ing, )nli:e te oter mone8 claim$
!o$e ,ali'it8 ma8 8et be callenge' b8 te e-ec)tor or
a'mini$trator*
- 4n te ca$e o" Al'ami& ,$* #)'ge o" te Co)rt o" 3ir$t 4n$tance o"
%in'oro, it !a$ alrea'8 el' tat te !rit o" e-ec)tion !a$ not te
proper proce')re "or te pa8ment o" 'ebt$ an' e-pen$e$ o" te
a'mini$tration* +e proper proce')re i$ "or te co)rt to or'er te
a'mini$tratri- to ma:e te pa8ment; an' i" tere i$ no $)""icient ca$
on an', to or'er te $ale o" te propertie$ an' o)t o" te procee'$
to pa8 te 'ebt$ an' e-pen$e$ o" te a'mini$tration* /omingo ,$*
Garlito$ a' te $ame r)ling !it re$pect to te pa8ment o"
- +e legal ba$i$ "or $)c a proce')re i$ te "act tat in te te$tate or
inte$tate procee'ing$ to $ettle te e$tate o" a 'ecea$e' per$on, te
propertie$ belonging to te e$tate are )n'er te ()ri$'iction o" te
co)rt an' $)c ()ri$'iction contin)e$ )ntil $ai' propertie$ a,e been
'i$trib)te' among te eir$ entitle' tereto* /)ring te pen'enc8 o"
te procee'ing$ all te e$tate i$ in c)$to'ia legi$ an' te proper
proce')re i$ not to allo! te $eri"", in te ca$e o" co)rt ()'gment, to
$ei&e te propertie$ b)t to a$: te co)rt "or an or'er to reB)ire te
a'mini$trator to pa8 te amo)nt ')e "rom te e$tate an' reB)ire' to
be pai' >/omingo ,$* Garlito$?
DISPOSITIVE
Or'er o" C34 A334R%E/ an' te petition "or certiorari i$ /4S%4SSE/,
C!ito)t pre()'ice to te "iling o" te ()'gment in "a,or o" 6are'e$ a$
a claim in te procee'ing$ "or te $ettlement o" te e$tate o" H)nt&e*
SPS MANALANSAN v CASTANEDA
83 SCRA 777
CO9CE6C4O9 #R; #)ne 17, 1978
NATURE:
6etition "or certiorari an' man'am)$
FACTS:
- on #)ne 11, 1961, te $po)$e$ /omina'or an' A'oration /anan
con$tit)te' a mortgage o,er teir "i$-pon' an' re$i'ential lot in
L)bao, 6ampanga, in "a,or o" te $po)$e$ .enito an' 4ne$
%analan$an* +e mortgage !a$ to g)arantee te pa8ment o"
661,@7<*87, !itin 1 8ear, !it 11J intere$t compo)n' ann)all8*
- +e /anan$ "aile' to pa8 'e$pite 'eman'$, $o te %analan$an$
"ile' an action "or "oreclo$)re o" te mortgage* +e lo!er co)rt r)le'
in "a,or o" te %analan$an$ or'ering te /anan$ to pa8 te
obligation an' intere$t, pl)$ moral 'amage$, an' in ca$e o" "ail)re to
'o $o, te mortgage' propertie$ !ill be $ol' at p)blic a)ction* +e
/anan$ appeale' to te CA, !ic onl8 'elete' moral 'amage$* SC
'enie' teir appeal*
- A !rit o" e-ec)tion !a$ i$$)e', b)t !en te $eri"" !a$ abo)t to
le,8 )pon te mortgage' propertie$, A'oracion /anan oppo$e' an'
"ile' a motion to $et a$i'e te !rit o" e-ec)tion "or rea$on$ tat te
propertie$ are in custodia legis an' tat te ()'gment $o)l' be
pre$ente' a$ a mone8 claim in te 4nte$tate E$tate o" /omina'or
/anan, p)r$)ant to Sec* @, R)le 86 o" te Re,i$e' R)le$ o" Co)rt*
Se claime' tat /omina'or /anan a' 'ie' on 9o, 7, 1977, !ile
te ca$e !a$ pen'ing appeal be"ore te CA, an' inte$tate
procee'ing$ "or te $ettlement o" i$ e$tate a' alrea'8 been
in$tit)te'* >9ote tat te "act o" 'eat !a$ not reporte' to te co)rt*
A'oracion !a$ appointe' a'mini$trati- o" /omina'orD$ e$tate*?
- #)'ge Ca$tane'a or'ere' te $eri"" to 'e$i$t "rom en"orcing te
!rit o" e-ec)tion, an' a"ter earing, $et it a$i'e* +e ()'ge or'ere'
tat te ()'gment >$o)gt to be e-ec)te'? be $er,e' in$tea' to te
a'mini$trati- o" te e$tate o" /omina'or /anan*
- +e %analan$an$D %R !a$ 'enie', an' a$ te8 !ere )nable to
obtain relie", te8 "ile' ti$ petition !it te SC* +e8 conten' tat
#)'ge Ca$tane'a ab)$e' i$ 'i$cretion, amo)nting to lac: o"
()ri$'iction, in 'elegating te e-ec)tion o" a ()'gment to te probate
co)rt !ic a$ no ()ri$'iction to en"orce a lien on propert8*
ISSUE:
2O9 te probate co)rt a$ ()ri$'iction to en"orce a lien on propert8*
HELD:
NO. +e mortgage' propert8 in B)e$tion 'oe$ not belong to te
e$tate o" te late Sal,a'or /anan, an' te probate co)rt a$ no
()ri$'iction o,er te propert8 in B)e$tion*
- +e $a,ing cla)$e in Sec* 7, R)le 86 o" te Re,i$e' R)le$ o" Co)rt,
R!ic ten rea'0 *..but not+ing +erein contained s+all pro+ibit t+e
e3ecutor or administrator from redeeming t+e property mortgaged or
pledged& by paying t+e debt for :+ic+ it is +eld as security& under t+e
direction of t+e court& if t+e court s+all ad*ugde it to be for t+e best
interest of t+e estate t+at suc+ redemption s+all be made.S 'oe$ not
con"er ()ri$'iction )pon te probate co)rt, o" limite' ()ri$'iction, to
en"orce a mortgage lien* 9or can it be relie' )pon a$ $)""icient
gro)n' to 'elegate te e-ec)tion o" te ()'gment o" "oreclo$)re to
14
te probate co)rt* +e r)le merel8 re$er,e$ a rigt to te e-ec)tor or
a'mini$trator o" an e$tate to re'eem a mortgage' or ple'ge'
propert8 o" a 'ece'ent !ic te mortgage or ple'gee a$ opte' to
"oreclo$e, in$tea' o" "iling a mone8 claim !it te probate co)rt,
)n'er Section 7 o" R)le 86
1
* 2ile te re'emption i$ $)b(ect to te
appro,al o" te probate co)rt, te e-erci$e o" te rigt i$ 'i$cretionar8
)pon te $ai' e-ec)tor or a'mini$trator an' ma8 not be or'ere' b8
te probate co)rt )pon it$ o!n motion*
- .e$i'e$, te action "ile' i$ "or te "oreclo$)re o" a mortgage, or an
action to en"orce a lien on propert8* Fn'er Sec* 1, R)le 87 o" te
Re,i$e' R)le$ o" Co)rt R!ic ten rea'0 (o action upon a claim for
t+e recovery of money or debt or interest t+ereon s+all be
commenced against t+e e3ecutor or administrator< but actions to
recover a real or personal property& or an interest t+erein& from t+e
estate& or to enforce a lien t+ereon& and actions to recover damages
for an in*ury to person or property& real or personal may be
commenced against +im..S it i$ an action !ic $)r,i,e$* .eing $o,
te ()'gment ren'ere' terein ma8 be en"orce' b8 a !rit o"
e-ec)tion*
- Testamentaria de 6on Amadeo Matute Olave vs. Canlas0 an action
to en"orce a lien on propert8 ma8 be pro$ec)te' b8 te intere$te'
per$on again$t te e-ec)tor or a'mini$trator in'epen'entl8 o" te
te$tate or inte$tate procee'ing$ C"or te rea$on tat $)c claim$
cannot in an8 ()$t $en$e be con$i'ere' claim$ again$t te e$tate, b)t
te rigt to $)b(ect $peci"ic propert8 to te claim ari$e$ "rom te
contract o" te 'ebtor !ereb8 a a$ ')ring li"e $et a$i'e certain
propert8 "or it$ pa8ment, an' suc+ property does not& e3cept in so far
as its value may e3ceed t+e debt& belong to t+e estate.C
- +e "act tat Sal,a'or /anan 'ie' be"ore, an' not a"ter te 'eci$ion
o" te CA became "inal an' e-ec)tor8 !ill not n)lli"8 te !rit o"
e-ec)tion alrea'8 i$$)e'* 4n Miranda& vs. Abba' Sec 7 R)le 39T
cannot be $o con$tr)e' a$ to in,ali'ate te !rit o" e-ec)tion alrea'8
i$$)e' in $o "ar a$ $er,ice tereo" )pon te eir$ or $)cce$$or$-in-
intere$t o" te 'e"en'ant i$ concerne'* 4t merel8 in'icate$ again$t
!om te !rit o" e-ec)tion i$ to be en"orce' !en te lo$ing part8
'ie$ a"ter te entr8 o" ()'gment or or'er* 9oting terein, nor in te
entire R)le 39, e,en a$ m)c a$ intimate$ tat a !rit o" e-ec)tion
i$$)e' a"ter a part8 'ie$, !ic 'eat occ)r$ be"ore entr8 o" te
()'gment, i$ a n)llit8* +e !rit ma8 8et be en"orce' again$t i$
1
+en rea'$0 E-ec)tion in ca$e o" 'eat o" part8* -- !ere a part8 'ie$ a"ter
te entr8 o" te ()'gment or or'er, e-ec)tion tereon ma8 i$$)e, or one alrea'8
i$$)e' ma8 be en"orce' in te "ollo!ing ca$e$0
>a? 4n ca$e o" te 'eat o" te ()'gment cre'itor, )pon te application o" i$
e-ec)tor or a'mini$trator, or $)cce$$or in inter$t;
>b? 4n ca$e o" te 'eat o" te ()'gment 'ebtor, again$t i$ e-ec)tor or
a'mini$trator or $)cce$$or in intere$t, i" te ()'gment be "or te reco,er8 o"
real or per$onal propert8, or te en"orcement o" a lien tereon;
>c? 4n ca$e o" 'eat o" te ()'gment 'ebtor a"ter e-ec)tion i$ act)all8 le,ie'
)pon an8 o" i$ propert8, te $ame ma8 be $ol' "or te $ati$"action tereo", an'
te o""icer ma:ing te $ale $all acco)nt to corre$pon'ing e-ec)tor or
a'mini$trator "or an8 $)rpl)$ in i$ an'$*

e-ec)tor or a'mini$trator, i" tere be an8, or i$ $)cce$$or$-in-
intere$t*

A&UINO conc)rring0
- Sec 1, R)le 68 o" te R)le$ o" Co)rt pro,i'e$ tat te trial co)rt,
a"ter earing, $all or'er tat te mortgage 'ebt $o)l' be pai' into
co)rt C2itin a perio' o" not le$$ tan ninet8 >97? 'a8$ "rom 'ate o"
$er,ice o" $)c or'erC* +i$ pro,i$ion cannot be literall8 complie'
!it in ca$e mortgagor appeal$ "rom te lo!er co)rt;$ ()'gment* 4t
!o)l' $eem tat te perio' "or pa8ment to co)rt o" mortgage 'ebt
$o)l' be rec:one' "rom date of entry of *udgment. Aere, trial co)rt
or'ere' pa8ment o" te mortgage 'ebt !itin 97 'a8$ C"rom 'ateC,
!ito)t $peci"8ing !at 'ate i$ contemplate'* +e cler: o" co)rt in
te !rit o" e-ec)tion interprete' tat pra$e a$ 97 'a8$ "rom te 'ate
o" te !rit*
- +e trial co)rt acte' correctl8 in i$$)ing te !rit o" e-ec)tion* 4t
erre' in $)b$eB)entl8 $etting a$i'e tat !rit an' in 'irecting tat cop8
o" ()'gment Cbe $er,e' to te a'mini$trationC o" inte$tate e$tate o"
/omina'or, Ctr) te inte$tate co)rtC, C"or te e-ec)tion o" $ai'
()'gment*C
- +e trial co)rt ()$ti"ie' tat or'er b8 citing Sec 7, R)le 86 o" te
R)le$ o" Co)rt tat in ca$e te mortgagor 'ie$, te e-ec)tor or
a'mini$trator o" i$ e$tate ma8 re'eem te mortgage' propert8
)n'er te 'irection o" te probate co)rt* 4n te trial co)rtD$ ,ie!, in
or'er to implement tat pro,i$ion, te probate co)rt a$ to be
appri$e' o" te, mortgage 'ebt $o tat it can 'eci'e !eter te
mortgage' propert8 $o)l' be $ol' at p)blic a)ction* +i$
interpretation i$ erroneo)$* 2en te mortgagor 'ie' ')ring te
pen'enc8 o" i$ appeal, te action "or "oreclo$)re :as not
e3tinguis+ed beca)$e te claim again$t im i$ not a p)re mone8
claim b)t an action to en"orce a mortgage lien* 4t i$ an action !ic
$)r,i,e' i$ 'eat an' !ic can procee' in'epen'entl8 o" te
inte$tate procee'ing "or te $ettlement o" i$ e$tate >Sec$* 16, 17
an' 11, R)le 3 an' $ec* 1* R)le 87, ROC?*
- Sec 7, R)le 86 re"er$ to a ca$e !ere te mortgagor i$ alrea'8
'ea' at te time te mortgagee 'eci'e$ to en"orce i$ mortgage to
lien*
- +e !rit o" e-ec)tion $o)l' be $er,e' )pon A'oracion /anan* 4t i$
inc)mbent )pon er to appri$e te probate co)rt !eter te
mortgage' propertie$ $o)l' be re'eeme' an' to $)gge$t to te
probate co)rt o! ")n'$ co)l' be rai$e' "or tat p)rpo$e* +at i$
o! te pro,i$ion in $ection 7, R)le 86 ma8 be implemente'* +e
'irecti,e in te !rit o" e-ec)tion i$ a 'irecti,e to re'eem te
mortgage' propertie$ !itin te ninet8-'a8 perio'*

15