Lansdale Catholic High School

Brandon Uzdzienski APUSH February 24, 2014

I. Theodore Roosevelt Jr
a. Born: October 27, 1858, New York City, New York
b. Died: January 6, 1919, New York
II. State
a. Theodore Roosevelt was born in New York. He was nominated in New York for Vice-
President by the Republicans with William McKinley, but was assumed into the
Presidency when William McKinley was assassinated in 1901. However, due to the
numerous improvements he made, he was re-elected for a second term in 1904.
III. Education and Biggest Occupations
a. Theodore Roosevelt was homeschooled in his early years because of his illnesses
including asthma. Later, he attended and graduated from Harvard. After college, he
studied law at Columbia University for about a year until he dropped out and won a seat
in the New York Assembly in 1882. He was the youngest person to serve that position.
After losing the battle to become mayor, he served as a Civil Service Commissioner,
president of the New York City Police Board, and Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Navy.
After the Spanish-American War, he was elected governor of New York.
IV. Dates of Term of Office
1. 1901 September 14, 1901
a. President: William McKinley
b. Vice President: Theodore Roosevelt
2. September 14, 1901-March 4, 1904
a. President: Theodore Roosevelt
b. Vice President: None
3. March 4, 1904-March 3, 1909
a. President: Theodore Roosevelt
b. Vice President: Charles Fairbanks
V. Issues Prominent to Election
a. Assassination of President William McKinley
b. Spanish-American War
c. Monopolies
d. Coal Strike
VI. Opponents By Term
a. Election of 1901
a. No one ran against Roosevelt in 1901 because he assumed the Presidency
because McKinley was assassinated.
b. Election of 1904
a. Theodore Roosevelt (Republican)
b. Alton Parker (Democrat)
VII. Vice President by Term
a. Election of 1901
a. None
b. Election of 1904
a. Charles Fairbanks
VIII. Political Party of the President
a. Theodore Roosevelt was a Republican.

Lansdale Catholic High School
Brandon Uzdzienski APUSH February 24, 2014
IX. Major Domestic/Political Happenings
a. Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)
a. A trust was an agreement where stockholders from several different businesses
gave all their stock to a certain set of trustees. In return, they earned a certain
share of the profit of the joint effort. This was very similar to monopolies, which
destroyed competition. The Sherman Act was designed to allow the government
to use measures against trusts and to dispose of them completely. If caught in a
trust, you were subject to fines of $5,000 and a year in prison. Victims of trusts
were enabled to sue in federal courts for up to triple the damages.
b. Establishment of Parks and Monuments (1905)
a. President Theodore Roosevelt formed the United States Forestry Service. He
appointed Gifford Pinchot as the first chief of the new agency. Land was
reserved for public use and irrigation projects were begun under the Newlands
Act of 1902. During Roosevelts presidency, the forest reserves increased from
43 million to 194 million acres. As President, he established five national parks
such as Crater Lake in Oregon and Wind Cave in South Dakota. Roosevelt also
established four national monuments including Devil's Tower in Wyoming and El
Morro in New Mexico. The Grand Canyon was named a national monument in
1908. During his presidency, Teddy Roosevelt signed into law a total of 18
national monuments. The Antiquities Act, signed on June 8, 1906, allowed
Roosevelt and his successors to establish "historic landmarks, structures, and
other objects of interest" in federal ownership as national monuments.
c. Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)
a. The Pure Food and Drug Act was passed on June 30. It was a law that provided
federal inspection of meat products and forbade the manufacture, sale, or
transportation of adulterated food products and poisonous patent medicines.
Adulterated food is impure, unsafe, or unpleasant food. In the United States,
the Food and Drug Administration regulates and enforces laws on food safety
and has definitions of adulterated food in numerous United States laws.
X. Major Economic Issues
a. Hepburn Act (1906)
a. The Hepburn Act of 1906 gave the Interstate Commerce Commission the right
and authority to establish maximum railroad rates. This ended the practice of
making the less frequent buyer paying more and the loyal customers paying
little to nothing. It also provided the right to supervise financial and business
records; that way, if they violated the Act, they would be punished. Theodore
Roosevelt strongly believed in more federal involvement in businesses and less
of the private sector. As time progressed, the Act included rates and regulations
on ferries, express companies, oil pipelines, and bridges.
XI. Major Supreme Court Cases
a. Champion vs. Ames
a. Does Congress have the authority to regulate inter-state transportation of
lottery tickets? This was an important question in the trial of Champion vs.
Lansdale Catholic High School
Brandon Uzdzienski APUSH February 24, 2014
Ames. Champion conspired to transport lottery tickets from Texas to California
and he thought it was legal because he did not believe Congress held the right
to restrict interstate commerce. However, it was concluded that Congress did in
fact hold that power and they have the right to regulate or even prohibit the
transportation of lottery tickets because Congress has complete power over
commerce.
b. Jacobson vs. Massachusetts
a. In the late 19
th
and early 20
th
centuries, disease was prominent. One of the most
severe diseases was called smallpox. When the outbreak occurred, A
Massachusetts bill granted officials the authority to require
vaccination when it was necessary for public health or safety. However,
Jacobson claimed that he had a reaction to the vaccination and that he
could not receive it. When it went to court, the Constitution was
reviewed and it stated that officials had the right to do what it takes to
promote health, education, etc. Jacobson was forced to pay a fine but
was not forcibly vaccinated.
c. Loewe v. Lawlor
a. United Hatters of North America tried but failed to unionize the workers of a hat
making company called Dietrich Loewe and Partners. When the company sued,
it won because they violated the Sherman Antitrust Act. When the union brought
it back to court, the company won again. In order to pay for the fines the union
owed, many members lost their belongings including their houses.
XII. Major Foreign Policy Decisions
a. Panama Canal (1903)
a. In 1850, the U.S. and Great Britain negotiated the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty to
reserve a proposed canal through Panama. Unfortunately, the canal never got
beyond the planning phase. The French attempted to build the canal through
Panama but went bankrupt when workers thousands of workers died off due to
numerous tropical diseases. However, this did not deter the Americans from
wanting to finish the canal. In order to do so, President Roosevelt had to send
troops to assist Panama in gaining their independence, which they successfully
did on November 3, 1903. In return, the Panamanians negotiated with U.S. and
signed the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty of 1903. This Treaty provided the United
States with the land for the canal. Also, the U.S. paid $10 million to Panama, and
an annual payment of $250,000.
b. Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine (1905)
a. The Monroe Doctrine strived to prevent any intervention in the Western
Hemisphere from other countries looking to settle/colonize. However,
Roosevelt doubted this was enough; he wanted to add a Corollary to make the
United States the international police power. His policy was to walk softly, but
carry a big stick. The two policies contradict in a way that the Doctrine states
Lansdale Catholic High School
Brandon Uzdzienski APUSH February 24, 2014
that there is to be no more intervention in the Western Hemisphere yet the
Corollary allows the U.S. to do so.
c. Treaty of Portsmouth (1905)
a. The Treaty of Portsmouth officially ended the Russo-Japanese War. The
negotiation meeting took place in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. President
Theodore Roosevelt helped negotiate the peace deal and in turn he received a
Nobel Peace Prize. The final agreement was signed in September of 1905 which
allowed Japanese presence in south part of Manchuria and part of Korea. It also
relinquished the southern part of the island of Sakhalin to Japan.
XIII. Major Conflict of this Administration
a. Roosevelt vs. Monopolies
a. In Roosevelts First Annual Message to Congress, he thanked the men who
stepped up in building up the commerce of the U.S. However, he was not
pleased entirely and admitted that some things needed fixing. Monopolies were
businesses that eliminated competition, established fixed rates and basically
became king of a certain industry. He did not want to ban monopolies, yet he
wanted the federal government to supervise and regulate them. This did not
follow the policy of laissez-faire, but won some support of those in favor of
trust-busting. Under the Sherman Antitrust Act, Roosevelt filed suits against
the biggest railroad trust in the country.
XIV. Major Social Events/Movements
a. Square Deal (1901)
a. In response to the coal miner strike, the Square Deal was passed. It
incorporated Roosevelts view on labor, citizenship, parenthood, and ethics. It
involved Roosevelts view on how Americans were entitled to equal
opportunities to succeed. He first used the term following the settlement of a
mining strike to describe the peaceful harmony between big business and labor
unions.
b. Immigration Act (1907)
a. The Immigration Act of 1097 was a stricter and improved Immigration Act of
1891. It prohibited more and more Asian immigrants from coming to America,
mainly through Hawaii. It had stricter bans on women and religion, and required
the ships to keep strict records of everyone on board including their name, age,
height and occupation. Literacy tests were also given. This Act also created the
U.S. Immigration Commission.
XV. Major Inventions
a. Safety Razor
a. King C. Gillette and William Emerson Nickerson found the American Safety Razor
Company and started mass production of them.
b. Vacuum Cleaner
a. Hubert Cecil Booth; unfortunately, the earlier designs were too big for common
household use. However, it is not long before the size decreases.
Lansdale Catholic High School
Brandon Uzdzienski APUSH February 24, 2014
c. Ford Model T
a. Henry Ford's Motor Company; introduces the Ford Model T costing about $850
to make but thanks to the assembly line, it brought the cost down to $368.
d. Airplane
a. Orville and Wilbur Wright built a man-powered airplane that weighed 750lbs
and was powered by a 12 horse-power engine.
XVI. Bibliography
a. "Theodore Roosevelt." 2014. The Biography Channel website. Feb 26 2014,
12:17 http://www.biography.com/people/theodore-roosevelt-9463424.
b. Miller Center." American President: Theodore Roosevelt: Campaigns and Elections.
Miller Center University of Virginia, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2014.
<http://millercenter.org/president/roosevelt/essays/biography/3>.
c. "1900, 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908 and 1909." What Happened
from 1900 to 1909 including Events, Technology and Inventions. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Feb.
2014. <http://www.thepeoplehistory.com/1900to1909.html>.
d. "Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890)." Our Documents -. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=51>.
e. The Editors of Encyclopdia Britannica. "Square Deal (United States
History)."Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 16 Feb.
2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/561637/Square-Deal>.
f. "Theodore Roosevelt's Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine (1905)." Our Documents -. N.p.,
n.d. Web. 19 Feb. 2014. <http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=56>.
g. National Parks Service. National Parks Service, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.nps.gov/history/logcabin/html/tr5.html>.
h. "Hepburn Act." Hepburn Act. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2014.
<http://commercial.laws.com/hepburn-act>.
i. "The Treaty of Portsmouth and the Russo-Japanese War, 19041905 - 18991913 -
Milestones - Office of the Historian." The Treaty of Portsmouth and the Russo-Japanese
War, 19041905 - 18991913 - Milestones - Office of the Historian. N.p., n.d. Web. 19
Feb. 2014. <http://history.state.gov/milestones/1899-1913/portsmouth-treaty>.
j. "Miller Center." Presidential Key Events-. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2014.
<http://millercenter.org/president/roosevelt/key-events>.
k. "Immigration Act of 1907." Immigration Act of 1907. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2014.
<http://immigrationinamerica.org/587-immigration-act-of-1907.html>.
l. "Champion v. Ames Case Brief | 4 Law School." Champion v. Ames Case Brief | 4 Law
School. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Feb. 2014. <http://www.4lawschool.com/case-
briefs/champion-v-ames>.
m. "Loewe v. Lawlor, 08/1903 - 01/05/1915." Loewe v. Lawlor, 08/1903 - 01/05/1915. N.p.,
n.d. Web. 23 Feb. 2014. <http://research.archives.gov/description/278237>.