1) Th trng tai chnh gom: cac nh che cung von, cac nh che can von va

cac nh che tai chnh trung gian.

Vai tro cua cac nh che trung gian:
Chu chuyen cac nguon von: t ni tha von sang ni thieu von.
Cac nguon huy ong von:
Trong nc: t tiet kiem, phat hanh chng khoan trong nc
Ngoai nc: nguon vien tr ODA, phat hanh chng khoan ra nc
ngoai.
Khac phuc tnh trang thong tin bat can xng: ngi cung von thng thieu
thong tin ve ngi can von nen khong san long cho vay.
Gop phan giam chi ph giao dch cua xa hoi nh tnh chuyen nghiep cao
hn va gop nhieu giao dch tai chnh rieng le.
Gop phan nang cao hieu qua kinh te va tieu chuan cuoc song xa hoi
Li ch oi vi ngi tiet kiem : tap trung von nhan roi sinh li,
giam chi ph giao dch, phan tan rui ro.
Li ch vi ngi vay von : giam chi ph giao dch, ap ng nhu cau
vay von cua doanh nghiep, tao ieu kien cho doanh nghiep quy mo
nho.
2) Moi quan he gia th trng chng khoan va hoat ong bao hiem thng
mai.
Hoat ong bao hiem thng mai ong vai tro het sc quan trong tren th trng
chng khoan(dung so tien thu c t ban bao hiem e au t vao th trng
chng khoan), no gop phan giup cho th trng chng khoan phat trien v nhan
c mot nguon au t ln, ong thi thong qua th trng chng khoan hoat
ong bao hiem thng mai se thu c mot khoan li nhuan ko nho( neu au t
ung), khoan li nay se c dung e chi tra cho nhng ngi mua bao hiem va
mot khoan li nhuan cho cong ty bao hiem, no giup cho cac cong ty bao hiem
ngay cang phat trien .
3) Moi quan he:
Th trng tai chnh s cap va th trng tai chnh th cap:
Th trng s cap: la ni cac chng t co gia c phat hanh va ban
cho ngi mua au tien - > cung ng cac cong cu tham gia th trng
tai chnh.
Th trng th cap: ni mua ban nhng chng t co gia ang lu hanh,
ap ng nhu cau chuyen von au t, tang tnh thanh khoan cho cac
cong cu tren th trng => thu hut cong chung.
Th trng th cap la ieu kien e th trng s cap phat trien va
ngc lai th trng s cap la c s hnh thanh th trng th cap.
Th trng tien te va th trng von:
Th trng tien te cung ng nhng khoan vay ngan han di 1 nam.
Th trng von cung ng nhng khoan vay trung dai han tren 1 nam.
Th trng tien te va th trng von nh hai cai tui ap ng nhng nhu
cau von a dang cua doanh nghiep nhng ong thi chung co quan he
vi nhau v chung phoi hp vi nhau e cung ng von cho doanh
nghiep. Khi phan tram cua vay dai han cua th trng von tang len th
phan tram vay ngan han t th trng tien te phai giam i.
nguyen tac bnh thong nhau cua s van ong von.
4) Phan biet ang ky niem yet giao dch va ang ky cho c quan chc nang
quan ly:
ang ky niem yet giao dch:
ang ky vi s giao dch chng
khoan.
u tieu chuan thanh vien cua
SGDCK.
ang ky c quan chc nang quan ly:
ang ky vi c quan chc nang
quan ly
u tieu chuan kinh doanh.
Noi them :
H s ang k nim yt tai Trung tm
giao dch chng khon
a) n ng k nim yt;
b) Bn sao giy php pht hnh do y
ban Chng khon Nh nc cp;
c) Bo co kt qu cho bn c phiu, tri
phiu ra cng chng;
d) S theo di c ng hay ch s hu
tri phiu ca t chc pht hnh
H s xin cp giy php pht hnh do y
ban Chng khon Nh nc cp
H s xin cp giy php pht hnh c
phiu ra cng chng gm c :
a) n xin php pht hnh;
b) Giy chng nhn ng k kinh doanh;
c) iu l cng ty;
d) Ngh quyt i hi c ng v vic pht
hnh c phiu;
e) Bn co bch;
g) Danh sch cc thnh vin Hi ng
qun tr v Gim c (Tng gim c);
h) Bo co ti chnh trong hai nm lin tc
gn nht c xc nhn ca t chc kim
ton c chp thun;
i) Bin bn xc nh gi tr doanh nghip
ca c quan c thm quyn, nu l doanh
nghip nh nc c phn ho;
k) Cam kt bo lnh pht hnh (nu c).
5) Vai tro ieu tiet v mo cua ngan hang trung ng tren th trng tien te
oc quyen phat hanh giay bac ngan hang ngan hang va thong qua o ieu
tiet khoi lng tien cung ng.
Ngan hang trung ng ch giao dch vi ngan hang trung gian e ieu tiet
hoat ong cua chung.
NHTW m tai khoan va nhan tien gi ngan hang cua NHTG
gom: tien gi d tr bat buoc va tien gi thanh toan.
NHTW cap tn dung cho cac NHTG
NHTW thc hien quan ly nha nc oi vi he thong ngan
hang gom: tham nh va cap giay phep hoat ong cua cac
NHTG, ieu tiet hoat ong kinh doanh cua chung bang t le
d tr bat buoc, lai suat, thanh tra va kiem soat.
NHTW la ngan hang cua nha nc : tham gia xay dng chien lc phat trien
kinh te xa hoi, thay mat nha nc quan ly hoat ong tien te tn dung, va
nhan tien gi cua kho bac nha nc, thanh toan gia kho bac vi NHTG,
phat hanh trai phieu nha nc, quan ly d tr quoc gia va cho chnh phu vay
e can thu chi ngan sach.
6) Phan biet:
Co phieu va trai phieu:
Co phieu
- Chng ch phan von gop vao cong ty
- c chia co tc theo mot ty le phan
tram vi li nhuan, khong co nh
- Phu thuoc th trng.
Trai phieu
- Chng ch n cua cong ty
- c tra lai nh ky co nh
- Phai hoan tra goc lan lai.
Co phieu thng va co phieu u ai
Co phieu thng
- Bat buoc phai co trong cong ty
- Phat hanh rong rai
- c t do chuyen nhng
- c tham gia ai hoi co ong va
tham gia bieu quyet.
- c chia co tc
- Cac co ong co quyen va li ch ngang
nhau
- ko the chuyen oi co phan u ai
Co phan u ai
- Khong bat buoc
- Phat hanh han che
- Chuyen nhng han che
- Co phan u ai bieu quyet c bieu
quyet vi so phieu nhieu hn mot co
phan thng (hai co phan u ai con lai
khong c), ko c quyen chuyen
nhng
- Co the chuyen thanh co phan thng
sau mot thi gian, neu c s chap
thuan cua HC.
- Co phan u ai co tc c chia co
tc nhieu hn.
- Co phan u ai hoan lai co the rut
von bat c luc nao
- Co ong u ai co quyen va li ch
khac nhau tuy loai co phan u ai.
7) Nguon thu cua s giao dch chng khoan: ph thanh vien, ph at cho, ph
giao dch(c phiu v chng ch qu 0,05% tr gi giao dch, tri phiu
0,0075% tr gi giao dch), ph cho thue trang thiet b, cc khon ng gp
lp qu h tr thanh ton.
8) e han che cac doanh nghiep vi pham nguyen tac cong khai hoa thong tin:
tat ca hoat ong tren th trng chng khoan eu c cong khai hoa.
oi vi cong ty phat hanh co phan
Khi cong ty co phan phat hanh chng khoan ra cong chung th phai
cong khai tnh hnh tai chnh c the hien tren ban cao bach th
trng
Khi hoat ong thng xuyen, cong ty co chng khoan c niem yet
tren s giao dch chng khoan nh ky gi bao cao tai chnh.
Khi co ot xuat xay ra th cong ty phai thong bao en SGDCK e
thong bao cho cac nha au t. Neu co viec xay ra ma khong thong bao
th SGDCK se b buoc toi mua ban noi gian.
oi vi SGDCK, can phai cong khai cac noi dung ve:
Cac loai chng khoan a ra mua ban
Cac tnh hnh tai chnh va ket qua hoat ong kinh doanh cua cac cong
ty phat hanh.
So lng chng khoan va gia ca cua tng loai chng khoan, ket qua
cua tng phien giao dch
Noi them: vic doanh nghip che y thng tin khng n thun ch lin
quan n c ch cng b thng tin, m cn lin quan n cc chnh sch khc,
nh chnh sch thu, Rt nhiu doanh nghip mun che y thng tin v h
mun trn thu. Do , vn l phi lm cho cc doanh nghip trung thc
hn trong khai bo kt qu hot ng, , nu cc mc thu c gim thp
hn th s to ng lc cho doanh nghip minh bch trong cng b thng tin.
Chnh sch thu cng cn phi n gin hn v phi c c ch r rng v
thu cho nhng i tng tham gia
Trn thc t, c rt nhiu doanh nghip khng hiu c rng, trch nhim
ng thu ca mnh bao gm nhng khon no, do chnh sch thu hin nay
cn qu phc tp
9) Chi ph va li ch khi mot doanh nghiep a chng khoan cua mnh niem
yet tren s giao dch chng khoan.
Chi ph: cac loai ph thanh vien , ph giao dch, cac khoan ong gop lap
Quy ho tr thanh toan, va cac ph dch vu khac theo quy nh cua
SGDCK
Chu s giam sat, kiem tra va tuan thu theo cac ieu le cua SGDCK.
Li ch:
-Tang uy tn
-Tang tnh thanh khoan cho chng khoan.
10)
Cac chi tiet ve lenh mua va lenh ban tai thi iem khp lenh nh sau:
Lenh mua Lenh ban
So
lng
Gia So lng gia
A 300 32100 K 100 32300
B 400 32400 J 200 32200
C 300 32200 M 500 32100
D 200 32300 I 600 32400
E 100 32500 L 100 32500
Qui trnh tm gi khp lnh
Theo qui nh ti Thng t s 58/2004/TT-BTC ngy 17/6/2004 ca B Ti chnh
v Thnh vin v giao dch chng khon:
- Phng thc giao dch khp lnh thc hin trn nguyn tc:
i. L mc gi thc hin t c khi lng giao dch ln nht;
ii. Nu c nhiu mc gi tho mn im i th mc gi trng hoc gn vi gi thc
hin ca ln khp lnh gn nht s c chn;
iii. Nu vn cn nhiu mc gi tho mn im ii th mc gi cao hn s c
chn.
- Phng thc giao dch tho thun l vic cc thnh vin t tho thun vi nhau
v cc iu kin giao dch.
- u tin v gi
+ Lnh mua c mc gi cao hn c thc hin trc;
+ Lnh bn c mc gi thp hn c thc hin trc.
- u tin v thi gian: trng hp cc lnh mua, bn c cng mc gi th lnh giao
dch nhp trc vo h thng giao dch c u tin thc hin trc.
Tch luy So lng Gia So lng Tch luy
100 100(E) 32500 100(L) 1500
500 400(B) 32400 600(I) 1400
700 200(D) 32300 100(K) 800
1000 300(C) 32200 200(J) 700
1300 300(A) 32100 500(M) 500
Gia khp lenh la 32300.