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‫ ر ا‬%&‫)(' ا‬  !"‫ ا‬# $ : ‫إز ا ذ‬ ‫ ى او م‬ ‫ ا

ق‬: ‫درس‬

Chorfi_mouhsine@yahoo.fr
: ‫د‬-  '‫' ا
ق دا‬./0 ‫ــ‬I
: 1(!+2
: ! A  ‫ إذا و د‬x 0 ‫  ق  ا‬f ‫**
ل إن اا‬
f ( x 0 + h) − f ( x0 ) f ( x ) − f ( x0 )
lim = A ‫ أو‬lim =A
h→ 0 h x → x0 x − x0
. f ' ( x 0 ) = A +, ‫ و‬x 0 ‫  ا‬f ‫ ا‬%&'‫د ا‬$‫ *)'( ا‬A ‫د‬$‫** ا‬
: ‫ل‬4
. f ( x ) = 2x − x ! 1 ‫  ا‬f ‫رس  اق‬
2

f ( x ) − f (1) 2x 2 − x − 1
( f (1) = 1 ‫ن‬1 ) lim = lim
x →1 x −1 x →−2 x −1
 1
2  x +  ( x − 1)
( 3'$‫ و ا‬4''‫ )ب ا‬$ ) = lim 
2
= lim
( 2x + 1)( x − 1) = lim 2x + 1 = 3
x →1 x −1 x →1 x −1 x →1

. f ' (1) = 3 * ‫ و‬1 ‫ق  ا‬6  f ‫إذن اا‬

: ‫د‬-  '‫ا‬- '&&‫' ا‬.5.6 ‫ا' ا‬-‫ــ ا‬II
: 1(!+2
. x0 84‫آ‬:; ‫ ( ;>ل ;=
ح‬:$; *‫ دا د‬f 7,
. g ( x ) = f ' ( x 0 )( x − x 0 ) + f ( x 0 ) ‫ ه اا‬x 0  f ‫= ا''@ ا‬A‫ن اا ا‬B x 0  ‫  ق‬f ‫إذا آ? اا‬
: ‫ل‬4
1
. f (x) = : 3,&‫ ( ا‬:$'‫ ا‬f ‫ اا‬:D$
x +1
. 1  f ‫ ا‬%&'‫د ا‬$‫ ــ !د ا‬1

1 1
2 − x +1 ( )
lim
f ( x ) − f (1)
= lim x + 1
−
2
= lim
2 x +1 ( )
x →1 x −1 x →1 x −1 x →1 x −1
2 − x −1 1− x x −1
lim = lim = lim−
x →1
2 ( x − 1) x + 1( x →1
)
2 ( x − 1) x + 1 x →1
(
2 ( x − 1) x + 1) ( )
= lim−
( x −1 )( x +1 ) = lim−
x −1
= lim−
1
=−
1
x →1
2 ( x − 1) ( x +1 )( x +1 ) x →1
2 ( x − 1) ( x +1 )( x +1 ) x →1
2 ( x +1 )( x +1 ) 8

. 1  f ‫= ا''@ ل‬A‫ ــ !د اا ا‬2

g ( x ) = f ' (1)( x − 1) + f (1)
−1 1
g(x) = ( x − 1) + H;‫و‬
8 2
1
‫د‬$ :; ' ‫ ــ د‬3 .
1.0001 + 1
−1 1 −1 1
. f (x) ≃ ( x − 1) + H;‫ و‬1 ‫د‬$‫ >
ار ا‬f ‫ ا‬+*:J g ‫ن اا‬B g ( x ) = ( x − 1) + ‫' أن‬
8 2 8 2
−1 1
. f ( h + 1) ≃ h +  ‫ و‬x = h + 1 ‫ إذن‬h = x − 1 KL
8 2
1 −1 1
. h = 0.0001 ‫ أن‬NO = f (1.0001) = f ( 0.0001 + 1) ≈ ( 0.0001) + = 0.499988 : *
1.0001 + 1 8 2
Chorfi_mouhsine@yahoo.fr
 : ‫ ر‬.‫ و  ا‬#.&.‫ــ ا
ق  ا‬III
: #.&.‫ ــ ا
ق  ا‬1
: 1(!+2
. a>0 ! x 0 , x 0 + a ‫ 
ع‬7; ‫ ( ;>ل ;=
ح‬:$; ‫ دا‬f 7,
f ( x ) − f ( x0 )
. f 'd ( x 0 ) ‫ ـ‬Q 4;: ‫ و‬x 0  7'‫ ( ا‬l *Q ‫ إذا آ? ا‬x 0  7'‫  ق ( ا‬f ‫
ل إن‬
x − x0
f ( x ) − f ( x0 )
lim+ = f 'd ( x 0 ) : +,‫و‬. x 0  7'‫ ( ا‬f ‫ ا‬%&'‫د ا‬$‫ *)'( ا‬l ‫د‬$‫ا‬
x → x0 x − x0
: ‫ ر‬.‫ ــ ا
ق  ا‬2
: 1(!+2
. a > 0 ! x 0 − a, x 0  ‫ 
ع‬7; ‫ ( ;>ل ;=
ح‬:$; ‫ دا‬f 7,
f ( x ) − f ( x0 )
. f 'g ( x 0 ) ‫ ـ‬Q 4;: ‫ و‬x 0  ‫ ( ا)ر‬l *Q ‫ إذا آ? ا‬x 0  ‫  ق ( ا)ر‬f ‫
ل إن‬
x − x0
f ( x ) − f ( x0 )
. lim− = f 'g ( x 0 ) : +,‫و‬. x 0  ‫ ( ا)ر‬f ‫ ا‬%&'‫د ا‬$‫ *)'( ا‬l ‫د‬$‫ا‬
x → x0 x − x0
: '.:; ‫ ــ‬3
‫د‬$‫ *)وي ا‬7'‫ ( ا‬%&'‫د ا‬$‫ و ا‬x 0  ‫ و ( ا)ر‬7'‫  ق ( ا‬f ?‫ إذا آ‬R ‫ إذا و‬x 0  ‫  ق‬f ‫
ن‬,J
.‫ ( ا)ر‬%&'‫ا‬
f ( x ) − f ( x0 ) f ( x ) − f ( x0 ) f ( x ) − f (x0 )
lim = f ' ( x 0 ) ⇔ lim+ = lim− = f ' ( x0 ) : ($'
x → x0 x − x0 x →x0 x − x0 x → x0 x − x0
: ‫ل‬4
2x
. 0  f ( x ) = ‫رس  اق اا‬
x −1
: 0 7'* ( ‫ق‬U‫** رس  ا‬
2x 2x
f ( x ) − f (0 ) −0
2x 2
lim = lim+ x − 1 = lim+ x − 1 = lim+ = lim+ = −2
x →0 + x −0 x → 0 x −0 x → 0 x x → 0 x ( x − 1) x → 0 ( x − 1)
.0 7'* ( ‫  ق‬f ‫
ل إن‬
: 0 ‫ق ( *)ر‬U‫** رس  ا‬
−2x −2x
f ( x ) − f (0 ) − 0
−2x −2
lim− = lim− x − 1 = lim− x − 1 = lim− = lim− =2
x →0 x −0 x →0 x −0 x →0 x x →0 x ( x − 1 ) x →0 ( x − 1 )

.0 ‫  ق ( *)ر‬f ‫

ل إن‬
. 0  ‫  ق‬:X f ‫ن‬B ‫ ( ا)ر‬%&'‫د ا‬$‫ ا‬VW* 7'‫ ( ا‬%&'‫د ا‬$‫** ' أن ا‬
( Cf ) : ‫ <
ق‬-=>‫و(? ا‬6 ‫ــ ا‬IV
: ‫ ــ ا&&س‬1
: 1(!+2
y = f ' ( x )( x − x ) + f ( x ) . x 0 84‫آ‬:; ‫ ( ;>ل ;=
ح‬:$; *‫ دا د‬f 7,
0 0 0
f ( x0 ) @'; 3D* ( C f ) ‫ن‬B x 0  ‫  ق‬f ‫إذا آ? اا‬
. y = f ' ( x 0 )( x − x 0 ) + f ( x 0 ) : H‫د‬$; x 0 Q
Y‫ ا ا أ‬
x0 . x 0 Q
Y‫ (  ا ا أ‬C f ) ‫ ''س ـ‬H
'‫ ا‬3;$'‫ ه
ا‬f ' ( x 0 ) ‫د‬$‫ا‬

: ‫ل‬4
. 3
‫ ه‬1 ‫د‬$‫  ا‬f ( x ) = 2x − x ‫ ا‬%&'‫د ا‬$‫ ــ ا‬1
2

y = f ' (1)( x − 1) + f (1) : ‫ ه‬1 Q

Y‫ (  ا ا أ‬C f ) ‫د ا''س ـ‬$;
y = 3 ( x − 1) + 1
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 y = 3x − 2
. 0
‫ ه‬−1 ‫د‬$‫  ا‬f ( x ) = x 2 + 2x ‫ ا‬%&'‫د ا‬$‫ ــ ا‬2

y = f ' ( −1)( x + 1) + f ( −1) : ‫ ه‬−1 Q

Y‫ (  ا ا أ‬C f ) ‫د ا''س ـ‬$;
y = −1
. y = −1 H‫د‬$; ‫ ;'@ أ‬3D* ( Cf ) ‫
ل إن‬
: ‫ ا&&س‬1@ ‫ ــ‬2

f ( x0 ) :1 1(!+2
. x 0 , x 0 + a ‫ 
ع‬7; ‫ ( ;>ل‬:$; *‫ دا د‬f 7,
x0 ‫ ;'س‬VY 3D* ( C f ) ‫ن‬B x 0 7'* ( ‫  ق‬f ‫إذا آ? اا‬
. y = fd ' ( x 0 )( x − x 0 ) + f ( x 0 ) : H‫د‬$; x 0 Q
Y‫ ا ا أ‬

:2 1(!+2
f ( x0 ) . x 0 − a, x 0  ‫ 
ع‬7; ‫ ( ;>ل‬:$; *‫ دا د‬f 7,
‫ ;'س‬VY 3D* ( C f ) ‫ن‬B x 0 ‫  ق ( *)ر‬f ‫إذا آ? اا‬
x0 . y = fg ' ( x 0 )( x − x 0 ) + f ( x 0 ) : H‫د‬$; x 0 Q
Y‫ ا ا أ‬
: 'ABC
f ( x ) − f ( x0 ) f ( x ) − f ( x0 )
( lim− = 0 ‫ ) أو‬lim+ = 0 ‫ ( و آن‬x 0 ‫ ) أو ( *)ر‬x 0 7'* ( ‫  ق‬f ‫* إذا آ? اا‬
x → x0 x − x0 x → x0 x − x0
. ( x 0 ‫ ) أو ( *)ر‬x 0 7'* ( ‫ ;'س أ‬VY 3D* ( C f ) ‫
ل إن‬
f ( x ) − f ( x0 )
‫) أو‬ lim+ = ∞ ‫ ( و آن‬x 0 ‫ ) أو ( *)ر‬x 0 7'* ( ‫  ق‬:X f ‫* إذا آ? اا‬
x → x0 x − x0
f ( x ) − f ( x0 )
. ( x 0 ‫ ) أو ( *)ر‬x 0 7'* ( ‫ ;'س '
دي‬VY 3D* ( C f ) ‫ ( 
ل إن‬lim− =∞
x → x0 x − x0
: ‫ل‬4
. @‫ول ا> ه‬A ‫ و‬1 7'* ( f ( x ) = x − x ‫**رس  إق اا‬
2

f ( x ) − f (1) x2 − x − 0 x2 − x x ( x − 1)
lim+ = lim+ = lim+ = lim+ = lim+ x = 1
x →1 x −1 x →1 x −1 x →1 x − 1 x →1 x − 1 x →1

. 1 7'* ( ‫  ق‬f ‫اا‬

y = f ' (1)( x − 1) + f (1) : H‫د‬$; 1 7'* ( ‫ ;'س‬VY 3D* ( C f )
y = x −1
1
. @‫ول ا> ه‬A ‫و‬ ‫ ( *)ر‬f ( x ) = x 2 − x ‫**رس  إق اا‬
2
1 4x 2 − 4x + 1
f (x) − f   x2 − x +
1
lim−  2  = lim 4 = lim 4
1 1 1
−
1 1
−
4x −2
x→
2 x− x→
2 x− x→
2
2 2 4
( 2x − 1) = lim 2x − 1 = 0
2
4x 2 − 4x + 1
= lim− = lim−
4x − 2 1 2 ( 2x − 1 )
−
x→
1
x→ x→
1 2
2 2 2

1
. ‫  ق ( *)ر‬f ‫اا‬
2
1  1 1  1
y = f '    x −  + f   : H‫د‬$; ‫ ;'س أ ( *)ر‬VY 3D* ( C f )
 2 2 2 2
Chorfi_mouhsine@yahoo.fr
 −1
y=
4
: ‫ل‬4
. @‫ول ا> ه‬A ‫ و‬1 7'* ( f ( x ) = x − 1 ‫**رس  إق اا‬
f ( x ) − f (1) x −1 1 1
lim+ = lim+ = lim+ = + = +∞
x →1 x −1 x →1 x −1 x →1 x −1 0
. 1 7'* ( ‫   ق‬:X f ‫اا‬
x = 1 : H‫د‬$; 1 7'* ( ‫ ;'س '
دي‬VY 3D* ( C f )
: ' "&‫ا' ا‬-‫ــ ا‬V
: 1(‫ر‬+2 ‫ ــ‬1
. I 7;  3‫  ق  آ‬f ?‫ إذا آ‬I ‫  ق ( ا'>ل ا'=
ح‬f ‫** 
ل إن اا‬
. b ‫ و *)ر‬a 7'* ( ‫ و‬ab ‫  ق ( ا'>ل‬f ?‫ إذا آ‬ab  ‫  ق ( ا'>ل‬f ‫** 
ل إن اا‬
. I ‫  ق ( ا'>ل‬f ‫ اا‬7, **
. f ' ‫ ـ‬Q 4;: f ‫)'( اا ا'& ا‬J f ' ( x ) ‫د‬$ I 7; x :Y 3‫ آ‬R:J ‫اا ا‬
. I ‫  ق ( ا'>ل‬f ‫ اا‬7, **
. f '' ‫ ــ‬Q 4;: ‫ و‬Z‫)'( اا ا'& ا‬J &'‫ ا‬Q‫ن دا‬B I ‫  ق ( ا'>ل‬f ' ‫إذا آ? اا‬
: '(‫د‬. ‫وال ا‬-‫ ــ " ' ا‬2
Df ' = ℝ f '(x) = 0 D f = ℝ f (x) = a
Df ' = ℝ f '(x) = 1 Df = ℝ f (x) = x
Df ' = ℝ f ' ( x ) = nx n−1 Df = ℝ f ( x ) = x n (n ∈ ℕ* )
D f ' = ℝ +*
f '(x) =
1 Df = ℝ + f (x) = x
x
Df ' = ℝ f ' ( x ) = cos x Df = ℝ f ( x ) = sin x
Df ' = ℝ f ' ( x ) = − sin x Df = ℝ f ( x ) = cos x
: ' "&‫وال ا‬-‫ت  ا‬.&+‫ ــ ا‬3
.  ‫ د‬λ ‫ و‬x 0  ‫ ق‬7 7‫ دا‬g ‫ و‬f 7, : '.:;
. ( f + g) ' = f '+ g ' : =(- ‫ و‬x 0  ‫' <
ق‬/0 f + g '‫ا‬-‫** ا‬
: ‫ل‬4
f ( x ) = x3 + x2 + x *

( ) ( ) ( x)
f ' ( x ) = x3 + x2 +
1
' ' '
= 3x 2 + 2x +
2 x
f ( x ) = sin x + cos x + x + 4 * 5

( )
f ' ( x ) = ( sin x ) + ( cos x ) + x 5 + ( 4 ) = cos x − sin x + 5x 4
' ' ' '

. ( λf ) ' = λf ' : =(- ‫ و‬x 0  ‫' <

ق‬/0 λf '‫ا‬-‫** ا‬
: ‫ل‬4
f ( x ) = 5 sin x *
f ' ( x ) = ( 5 sin x ) = 5 ( sin x ) = 5 cos x
' '

f ( x ) = −3 x *

(
f ' ( x ) = −3 x ) = −3 ( x ) = −3 × 2 1 x = 2−3x
' '

. ( f × g) ' = f '× g + f × g' : =(- ‫ و‬x 0  ‫' <

ق‬/0 f × g '‫ا‬-‫** ا‬
: ‫ل‬4
f (x) = x + x x *
2
( )
Chorfi_mouhsine@yahoo.fr
 f '(x) = (( x ) x ) = (x ) ( )( x )
' ' '
2
+x 2
+ x × x + x2 + x

= ( 2x + 1) × x + x 2 + x × ( ) 2 x
1

( 2x + 1) × x ×2 x + (x 2
+x )
=
2 x
4x + 2x + x 2 + x
2
5x 2 + 3x
= =
2 x 2 x
f ( x ) = x 3 sin x *

( ) ( )
f ' ( x ) = x 3 sin x = x 3 × sin x + x 3 × ( sin x ) = 3x 2 sin x + x 3 cos x
' ' '

' '
 f  f '× g − f × g' f
.  = 2
: =(- ‫ و‬x 0  ‫' <
ق‬/0   '‫ا‬-‫ ا‬g' ( x 0 ) ≠ 0 ‫** إذا آن‬
g g g
: ‫ل‬4
x +x
2
f (x) = 2 *
x +1
( ) (x ) ( )( )
' '
x2 + x + 1 − x2 + x x2 + 1
' 2
 x2 + x 
f '(x) =  2  =
 x +1  ( x + 1)
2
2

( 2x + 1) ( x + 1) − ( x 2 2
+ x 2x )
=
( x + 1)
2
2

2x 3 + 2x + x 2 + 1 − 2x 3 − 2x 2 − x 2 + 2x + 1
= =
(x ) (x )
2 2
2
+1 2
+1
2 x
f (x) = *
x2 − 1
( ) (x ) ( )(x )
' '
−1 − 2 x −1
' 2 2
 2 x  2 x
f '(x) =  2  =
 x −1
(x )
2
 
2
−1

2×
2 x
1
( )
× x 2 − 1 − 2 x × 2x
=
(x − 1)
2
2

x2 − 1 x 2 − 1 4x 2
− 4x x −
x = x − 1 − 4x = −3x 2 − 1
2 2
= x = x
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
x2 − 1 x2 − 1 x x2 − 1 x x2 − 1

: >  " ‫' دا' و إ

رة‬/2‫ ــ ر‬4
:'=‫!ه‬L
. I ‫ ( ا'>ل‬f ‫ اا ا'& ا‬f ' 7,
. I ( [ ‫
ن‬,J f ‫ن‬B I ( ;$; f ' ?‫** إذا آ‬
. I ( **‫ا‬4J ‫
ن‬,J f ‫ن‬B I ( D
; f ' ?‫** إذا آ‬
. I ( YJ ‫
ن‬,J f ‫ن‬B I ( D@ f ' ?‫** إذا آ‬
: ‫ل‬4
.QJ‫ا‬:\J ‫ ول‬KL ‫ و‬f ‫ـــــ !د اا ا'& ا‬
f ( x ) = x 3 − 2x 2 + 4 **1**

(
f ' ( x ) = x 3 − 2x 2 + 4 = 3x 2 − 4x : &'‫** اا ا‬ )
'

Chorfi_mouhsine@yahoo.fr
 4
. ‫ و‬0: '‫ ه‬7=W; 7 ( 3Y! 3x 2 − 4x ‫[ ا!ود‬6[ 4'; +)! : f ' ‫** إرة اا‬
3

4
x −∞ 0 +∞
3

3x 2 − 4x + ‫ــــ‬ +

. f ‫ات اا‬:\J ‫** ول‬

4
x −∞ 0 +∞
3

f '(x) + ‫ــــ‬ +
4 +∞
76
f (x) −∞
27

x2 − 4
f (x) = **2**
x2 + 1
( ) (x ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )
' '
x2 − 4 + 1 − x2 − 4 x2 + 1 2x x 2 + 1 − x 2 − 4 2x
' 2
 x2 − 4 
f '(x) =  2  = = : &'‫** اا ا‬
 x +1  ( ) ( )
2 2
x2 + 1 x2 + 1
2x + 2x − 2x + 8x
3 3
10x
= =
(x ) (x )
2 2
2
+1 2
+1
. f ‫ات اا‬:\J ‫** ول‬

x −∞ 0 +∞

f' ‫ـــــ‬ +

1 1
f
−4

: I ‫' <
ق  ل‬/0 '‫!اف دا‬N ‫ ــ‬4
: '.:;
. I ‫ ا'>ل‬7; ‫ا‬:Y x 0 ‫ ;>ل ;=
ح و‬I 7,
. f ' ( x 0 ) = 0 : ‫ن‬B x 0  ‫ا‬:; 3DJ ‫ و‬x 0  ‫  ق‬f ‫ــ إذاآ? اا‬
. x 0  ‫ا‬:; 3DJ f ‫ن‬B x 0 ‫ >
ار‬QJ‫ إر‬:\J f ' ?‫ و آ‬f ' ( x 0 ) = 0 ‫ــ إذا آن‬
Chorfi_mouhsine@yahoo.fr