My Korean2 1st Ed PDF

My
Korean
2

Young-A Cho
In-Jung Cho
Douglas Ling

To our parents

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This book and its accompanying audio files are available online at
http://www.arts.monash.edu.au/korean/klec.

Help us improve!
Korean.Studies@arts.monash.edu.au

Final draft: August 2009
First edition, May 2010

i

CONTENTS

PREFACE vii
TO THE TEACHER AND THE LEARNER xi

UNIT 11 ?
1

Asking and giving the reason for actions
Talking about past travel, leisure and holiday activities
Situation Dialogue 1 3
Cause and Result +/ so (that)
5
Vocabulary: Describing Things 9
Vocabulary: Counting Days 9

UNIT 12 ?
29

Requesting and offering services
Offering: +/ ? Shall I do ?
33
Requesting: +/ please do
36

UNIT 13 ?
63

Talking about planned activities
Future Activity: +() be going to; will
67
+() in order to; with the intention of
75
ii
UNIT 14 ?
91

Giving a reason or cause
Talking about illness and health
Giving advice
Reason or Cause: +() since; because
95
Vocabulary: Parts of the Human Body 103
Change in an Action or State:
+ while; while doing; and then
106
Negative Commands: + please, dont do
114
Frequency: () () (three) times per (day)
118
Vocabulary: Length of Time 120

UNIT 15 ?
129

Talking about whether something might happen
Arranging events
Sequence 1: +/ to; and; then
132
Sequence 2: + and then
136
Conditional if: +() if , (then)
141
Compulsion: +/ have to
150
Future Intention or Volunteering:
+() I will ; let me
154

UNIT 16 ?
163

iii
Talking about locations
Location: + is/are at ...
166
Vocabulary: Positions 176
Vocabulary: House 186
Housing in Korea 187

UNIT 17 6
199

Talking about travel
Vocabulary: Transportation 204
Public Transportation in Seoul 206
Travel Time: ? How long does it take?
211
Taking transport: +/ /
214
Transferring to another Means of Transport:
+()
222

UNIT 18
239

Describing and comparing things
Making contrasting statements
Talking about the weather
Comparing: + () (more) than
244
Contrasting: + but
258
iv
Vocabulary: Seasons
265
Vocabulary: Weather
265

UNIT 19 ?
275

Confirming what you already know by using a tag question
Describing people, animals and things
Being polite by using soft sentence endings
How to suggest somebody try something
Confirming: + , isnt it?; , doesnt it?
280
Vocabulary: Animals 284
Vocabulary: Describing People 1 291
Describing with Modifying Adjective Endings: +()
294
Vocabulary: Describing People 2
(with Modifying Adjective Endings)
298
Soft Sentence Endings: +()
308
Making a Suggestion: +/ Try ...
314

UNIT 20 ?
323

Describing people, animals and things
Vocabulary: Colour Terms 328
Describing with Modifying Verb Endings
o Past tense: Verb Stem +()
o Present tense: Verb Stem +
o Future tense: Verb Stem +()
340
v

TRANSCRIPT OF LISTENING TASKS 357

APPENDIX

Notes for Verb and Adjective Tables 396
Special Conjugation Rules of Verb and Adjective 398
Appendix 1: Copular be 400
Appendix 2: Verb Present Tense Endings 402
Appendix 3: Verb Past Tense Endings 406
Appendix 4: Verb Future Tense Endings 410
Appendix 5: Verbs with
+()()?; +()(), +()()?,
+()?; +()(), +
414
Appendix 6: Verbs with +; +
418
+(), +/() & +() ()
420
+(), +/() & +() ()
422
Appendix 9: Casual Verb Endings
+/, +/, +() ;
+()?; +(); +()
424
Appendix 10: Verbs with +(); +(); +(); +;
+ (); +/; +/ ()

428
Appendix 11: Modifying Verb Endings +, +()& +()
432
Appendix 12: Verbs with +/ ? and +/
434
Appendix 13: Verbs with +/
436
Appendix 14: Adjective Present Tense Endings 438
Appendix 15: Adjective Past Tense Endings 446
Appendix 16: Adjective Future Tense Endings 454
Appendix 17: Adjectives with +; +()
462
vi
Appendix 18: Adjectives with
+()(), +/() & () ()
466
Appendix 19: Adjectives with
+(), +/() & +() ()
470
Appendix 20: Casual Adjective Endings
+/, +/, +()
474
Appendix 21: Adjectives with +; +/; +(); +()
478
Appendix 22: Modified Adjective Endings +()
482
Appendix 23: Particles and Suffixes 486
Appendix 24: Korean Editing Symbols and Handwriting Sheet 488

vii
Preface

This textbook is the second volume of My Korean, whose story of a long
development is already detailed in the preface of the first volume. We will,
however, repeat its development story again here because it tells about our
approach underlying the making of this book. If you have already read the
preface in the first volume, you may skip this one.
This textbook began its life as a personal collection of language
activities which complemented the textbook Learning Korean: New
Directions 1, (Pilot Edition 1) used in some Australian universities including
Monash University where we started teaching Korean in 1992. In 1995, this
meagre collection grew into a textbook of its own entitled Lets Speak Korean.
The following year the book went through a major change when Douglas
Ling, a former student of ours and a lecturer in Film Studies at RMIT
University (as a matter of fact, he is happily retired now), started helping us to
rephrase the grammar explanations to be more suitable for Australian learners.
The book title also changed to Talking to Koreans and we started to build a
Korean language learning web site based on the book and kept all the
materials on the site open to the public.
This open access policy was part of our efforts to promote Korean
language in Australia as well as around the world and to help other Korean
language educators who strove to provide a better learning environment
because of a dearth of Korean language learning materials. During the
following years, we kept modifying the book based on students feedback and
needs, added more learning materials to the web, as well as making another
title change into the current My Korean in 1998. However, in late 2006, we
lost a significant amount of our on-line materials when our university
introduced a new university-wide content management system. Only the
small amount but most important materials, have been migrated into the new
viii
system with generous assistance from the Faculty of Arts. This situation was
somewhat disastrous, however, it gave us a chance to rethink not only the
whole project but also about our approach to teaching, resulting in another
major rewrite for the book.
We have changed all the situation dialogues to make them more
authentic. In particular, we have broken away from the conventional method
of using mainly polite styles of speech throughout the entire book, because
this method tends to create highly unauthentic situations. For example, this
method created a very unlikely situation where two close friends used the
polite style of speech to each other. Therefore, we have used different styles
of speech which are appropriate to each situation, resulting in the use of close
friend style of speech in most cases. This style of speech is also more
appropriate for our students because they can immediately use it when they
talk to one another or when they talk to their Korean friends.
Another major change is the use of comics for every situation
dialogue to provide more extra-linguistic cues. When we communicate, we
use all kind of extra-linguistic cues available to make sense out of each
others speech. However, text-only dialogues lack these extra-linguistic cues
and make a students job of making sense out of an already foreign language a
lot harder. In order to solve this problem, we have used comics alongside the
recording of each situation dialogue, turning the dialogue multimodal and as
close as to that of a real situation. This multimodal dialogue allows learners
make meaning by using a crucial combination of words, graphics and sound.
Now, we should like to thank all those who have contributed in
different ways to this book:

To the Korea Foundation for the 2008 grant which made it possible to
include the comics for the situation dialogues and gave us the last push
into finishing this book;
To J u Han Lee from Yeundoo Studio in Korea (http://yeundoo.com) for
the front cover design and the comics for the situation dialogues;
ix
To Hye-J ung Kim for most of the illustrations other than the situation
dialogue comics;
To J oel Atkinson, Erin Fitzgerald, Stephen Gartlan and Vicky Ryan for
formatting and editing;
To Youngsam Moon for providing invaluable information about
contemporary Korean expressions used by young people and for various
administrative works including organising a recording party and taking
part in it himself;
To J ihee J ung, Youngsun Hwang, Seongin Choi, Moon Chung and
Seonghwan Ahn for volunteering to do the recording;
To all the past and current students for their valuable feedback and
insights which they have let us gain through the collaborative exploration
of learning the language;
To J ung Sim Kim, Korean studies subject librarian at Monash University
for her hard work in building up the great Korean collection which was
invaluable in writing this book;
To our colleagues at the School of Languages, Cultures and Linguistics at
Monash University, in particular, Robert Irving, Bruce J acobs, Helen
Marriott, Gloria Davies and Alison Tokita for their support and
encouragement;
And last but not least to our good friends, Lendriani and Nigel Thursfield,
Vicky and William Quek, J anet and J im Murray, and Douglas and Helena
Ling for their love and support.

Following our open access policy, this book and its accompanying
audio files are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-
Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.5 Australia License in the hope that this book
will make a small contribution to the development of Korean language
education throughout the world. As one of Less Commonly Taught
Languages, Korean still suffers from a dearth of learning materials. Korean
teachers often have to design their courses and develop learning materials that
x
suit their students on top of their normal teaching duties, let alone their fight
to keep the Korean program alive. We have met many marvelous teachers
over the years and they have been our inspiration. We hope this book will
help those teachers in their efforts of creating a better learning environment
for their students.

To all, many thanks again for your assistance and encouragement.

Melbourne
24 June, 2009
Young-A Cho
In-Jung Cho
xi
To the teacher and the learner

This book is primarily written for a Korean language university course for
beginners with a survival level of Korean proficiency, but it may be used in
other settings including self-study. The guidelines, therefore, are focused on
teaching or learning in a university setting, but we suggest that all the users of
the book read them regardless of whether you are a teacher or a student
enrolled in a course or you are using it on your own for independent study.

Objectives
This book is a follow-up to the first volume of My Korean which introduces
learners to the Korean alphabet and some everyday situations to help them
acquire survival Korean. This book consolidates and extends the work
begun in the first volume by helping learners continue to develop their ability
to communicate in routine social situations.

Basic Approach
Our experiences of teaching Korean for more than two decades and the
results of language learning research tell us that a good foundation of
language structures is essential for learners to be successful. This book,
therefore, concentrates on giving learners a good working knowledge of the
basic structure and grammar of the Korean language with a limited number of
vocabulary items that are frequently used in everyday situations. Once they
acquire this knowledge, they can expand their vocabulary quite easily on their
own as need arises. This approach can also maximise small contact hours
(usually four to five hours a week) available in many university settings.

xii
Structure of the book
This book is organised into ten units and is basically taught one unit per week
in one semester. Each unit is composed of three situation dialogues, grammar
explanations and various tasks such as role plays, listening, writing and
reading.
Information about each unit is presented in the contents of this book.
Therefore, there is no need for further explanations here apart from Unit
Eleven, which is basically designed to refresh the learners memory of what
they have learned in the first volume although it introduces one new grammar
pattern.
There are twenty four appendices. Appendices One to Twenty Two
have verb and adjective conjugation tables. Appendix Twenty Three is the list
of basic particles and suffixes. Appendix Twenty Four is a list of basic
Korean editing symbols and a handwriting sheet which can be used for
writing practice or writing assignments.

Situation dialogues, role plays and listening tasks
As mentioned above, each unit is composed of three situation dialogues,
grammar explanations and various tasks such as role plays, listening, writing
and reading. The situation dialogues, role plays and listening tasks require
some explanation.
The situation dialogues are presented in two modes: comics and
text-only mode. Comics are used to provide extra-linguistic cues which are
normally available when we communicate. The comics and the recording of
each situation dialogue provide multimodal language input to help students
job of making meaning. There are also some differences in spellings used in
the comics and the corresponding text-only dialogue. We use the colloquial
version in the comics to show how some words are pronounced differently
from their standard spellings.
The situation dialogues are also presented in two settings: the Korean
setting and the Australian setting. The first setting involves mainly two
xiii
Korean university students, Minseo Kim and J ihun Park. The second setting
revolves around three university students, Minjun Kim, Paul Smith and
Hyeonu Lee, who are studying in Australia. The presence of any of these
characters will tell you in which setting each dialogue is taking place.
The role plays are somewhat mechanical and different from those
based on communicative methods. They are to provide a more interesting
setting for the practice of speaking and listening. They can, however, be used
as a basis for the more communicative nature of role plays by encouraging the
students to be more creative and to play with the language.
Most listening tasks are from our old out-of-print listening books,
which were called Elementary Task-Centered Listening Comprehension of
Korean 1 and 2, published in 1994 and later changed to Korean Through
Active Listening 1 and 2. The listening books were always used alongside the
textbook until they became out of print in early 2008. This development has
allowed the incorporation of the listening tasks into the textbook, resulting in
the more rounded and user-friendly textbook. We have to admit that the
expressions in the listening tasks are not as natural as they should be, but they
still provide good input via listening, which is very important in language
learning. We have polished some English expressions, resulting in a few
discrepancies between the texts and the recordings.
The listening tasks do not have answer keys. It has only the transcript
at the end of the book and the learners are required to find the answers
themselves first by listening and then by reading.

Romanisation
This book has used the Korean government romanisation system.

11
?

Unit Focus:
Asking and Giving the Reason for Actions
Talking about Past Travel, Leisure and
Holiday Activities

o Cause and Result
+/ so (that)
o Vocabulary: Describing Things
o Vocabulary: Counting Days

2 UNIT 11 ?

UNIT 11 ? 3
Situation Dialogue 1
Paul and Minjun are talking about their vacations during the semester break.
: ~ . ?
: , . , ?
: . . .
: ? ?
: .
: ?
: , . .
?
: .
( )
... !

Vocabulary

long time no see

school holidays

well
? [spend+?]

not too bad
?
have been to...?

last week
[++] in Korea

how long
[stayed +
(soft ending)]

about; around

two weeks

or so
[+ +]
another/any other place

[ tired +
so]

mobile phone
[ +] rings [+] hang on

4 UNIT 11 ?
Note: You can use ... to mean about or so. Another option is to
use either ... or ....

Romanisation and Translation
Minjun : Ya~ oraenmanida.
Banghak jal bonaesseo?
Hey, long time no see.
How was your vacation?
Paul: Ne, geureok jeoreogyo.
Geunde, hyeong hanguge
gatdawasseoyo?
Not too bad.
Hey, did you go (lit. go and
come back) to Korea?
Minjun : Eo. Gatdawasseo.
Jinan jue wasseo.
Yeah, I did.
Came back last week.
Paul: Geuraeyo? Hangugen eolmana
isseonneundeyo?
Yeah?
How long did you stay there?
Minjun : Han i juil jjeum. About two weeks.
Paul: Dareun den an gasseoyo? Did you go anywhere else?
(Lit. You didnt go to another
place?)
Minjun : Eo, an gasseo. Dondo
eopgo jom pigonhaeseo
geunyang jibe isseosseo.
Geunde neon mwo haennya?
No. (Lit. Yeah, I didnt go.) I
didnt have much money and
was a bit tired so I just stayed
at my home. What about
you? What did you do?
Paul: Hanguk sikdangeseo
albahaesseoyo.

[Haendeuponi ullinda]
Eo... jamkkanmanyo
I was working (lit. worked)
part time at a Korean
restaurant.
[Mobile phone rings]
Hang on.

UNIT 11 ? 5
Cause and Result: +/ so (that)
We use +/ to express the result of situation for a statement or give an
answer to a why question.

Verb or Adjective Stem +/

You have learnt how to talk about what you are doing, or what you usually
do, using the present tense ending +/. You will remember that you
created a verb by adding this ending, which carries the grammatical function,
to a verb stem carrying the basic meaning. So to create this +/ form, all
we have to do is alter the ending that carries the grammatical function. Instead
of using the +/ ending, simply add +/ to the stem:

+ + + (Present Tense)
+ + + (Cause & Result)

General Rules:
a) If the last vowel of the stem is () or (): +
+

its fine, so
+

its expensive, so

b) If the last vowel is not () or (): +
+

its far, so
+

its interesting, so

c) If the stem ends in : changes to

its clean, so

its warm, so

6 UNIT 11 ?
d) If the stem ends with the consonant : drop and add +
In this case, the consonant is replaced with the vowel and then you
add .
+

its close, so
+

its difficult, so

e) If the stem ends with the vowel : drop and add + or
In this case the final vowel is dropped and + or + is added,
depending on the vowel of the preceding syllable. If it is () or (),
add +. Otherwise, add +, including when the stem is a single
syllable.

+

(someone) is sick, so
+

(someone/something) is
big, so

Examples:
(1)
.
That dress is expensive,
so I cant buy it.

(2)
.
I havent any money,
so I cant go to a restaurant.

When you use the +/, you must use the verb or adjective stem plus
+/ irrespective of the tense of the sentence. Thus, in (3) to say it was
expensive so... we do not use (++) but
together with a past tense in the final verb (++). It is the
same in (4), is used, not (++).

(3)
.
That dress was expensive,
so I couldnt buy it.

UNIT 11 ? 7
(4)
A: ?
Did you go to a restaurant
yesterday?

B: .
I didnt have any money,
so I couldnt go.

(5)
.
He hasnt arrived yet, so we
cant go.

(Not .)

We can also split the sentence into two by using the conjunction as in
examples (6)-(8).

(6)
.
.
That dress is expensive.
And so I cant buy it.

(7)
.
I havent any money.
.
So I cant go to the restaurant.

(8)
.
He hasnt arrived yet.
.
So we cant go.

(9)
A: ?
Why did you drink so much?

B: .
I was feeling depressed,
so I had a few drinks.

(10)
A: ?
Why are you so late?

B: .
My car broke down,
so I am late.

(11)
A: ?
Why didnt you do your
homework?

B:
.
My parents came suddenly,
so I couldnt do it.

8 UNIT 11 ?
(12)
A: ?
Why didnt you come to the
party yesterday?

B: .
Some friends suddenly came,
so....

(13)
A: ? (casual)
Why did you go to see a doctor
yesterday?

B: ( *).
I had a headache,
so (I went see a doctor).
(*In the West, many doctors are based in small clinics but this is not
the case in Korea. Koreans routinely go to a hospital for treatment for
even minor ailments. Thus, if statement A above were translated as
Why did you go to the hospital yesterday? it would give the wrong
connotation.)

UNIT 11 ? 9
Vocabulary: Describing Things

close

far

light

heavy

high

low

clean

dirty

tasty

tasteless

cheap

expensive

easy

difficult

interesting

boring

few

many

quiet

noisy

fine/ good

bad

cold

hot

big

small

tired/ exhausted

busy

Vocabulary: Counting Days

one day
7 /
seven days

two days
8 /
eight days
3 /
three days
9 /
nine days
4 /
four days
10 /
ten days
5 /
five days
15 /
fifteen days
6 /
six days

Note: Except for one day and two days, Sino Korean number are used more often
these days.

10 UNIT 11 ?
Task 1: Listening
(EXPONENT)
Verb stem +
I'd like to -Verb- but ...

(ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY)

money

school holidays

travelling

very

very much

price (of
commodities)

at first

too

China

Singapore

Japan

Taiwan

1 week

how many days;
several days

3 days

just; simply

this (time)

can't

in there; there
+
for

because __ is/was
tired

because __ is/was
expensive
()
went; had gone

came back

stayed

did

don't have and
was interesting

wanted to go but

UNIT 11 ? 11
You will hear people talking about a trip. Put a mark in the middle
column next to each country visited and write down how long he stayed there
in a right column. Ready? Listen!

country

Visit or not

period

12 UNIT 11 ?

UNIT 11 ? 13
Paul is talking to Minjun about the Korean dinner he had with his friends.
: ?
: . ? ?
: , .
.
: ? ?
: .
: ? ? ?
: , .
: ? ?
: , .
.
: , ?
: , .

Vocabulary

these days
? [busy +?]

always
[busy + as you know; of course]
[yesterday +(topic particle)]
[rest + day +was] was a day off
? [ there how is it?]

a bit
[get sick of +(past tense)] got a bit sick of
[this time +(time particle) +(topic particle)]

14 UNIT 11 ?

Yuk-gae-jang

but
[all not able eat (past tense)]
was not able to eat all of it

Paul: Yosae bappayo? Busy these days?
Minjun : Nan eonjena bappeuji. Neon?
Eoje ilhaesseo?
Im always busy. You?
Did you work yesterday?
Paul: Aniyo, eojen swineun
narieosseoyo. Geuraeseo
jeonyeoge chingudeulhago
gachi bap meogeosseoyo.
No, yesterday I had a day off,
so I had dinner with friends.
Minjun : Geurae? Eodi gasseonneunde? Yeah? Where did you go?
(Lit. Where had you gone?)
Paul: Seoul sikdangiyo. Seoul Restaurant.
Minjun : Seoul sikdang? Geogi eottae?
Eumsik masisseo?
Seoul Restaurant? How was it?
(Lit. How is that place?)
Food good?
Paul: Ne gwaenchanayo. Yeah, fine.
Minjun : Mwo meogeosseonneunde?
Tto bulgogi?
What did you have (this time)?
Bul-go-gi again?
Paul: Aniyo, neomu jaju meogeoseo
jom jillyeosseoyo.
Ibeonen yukgaejangiyo.
No, Ive had it too often,
so Im sick of it. (Lit. Ive
gotten sick of it.)
This time I had Yuk-gae-jang.
Minjun : Mwo, yukgaejang? What? Yuk-gae-jang?
Paul: Ne, geunde jom maewoseo
da mot meogeosseoyo.
Yeah, but it was a bit spicy for
me, so I couldnt finish it. (Lit.
couldnt eat it all)

UNIT 11 ? 15
Task 2: Complete the Sentences
Complete the following excuses with an appropriate expression. The first
one is done for you.
1.
.
2.
.
3.
.
4.
(closed) .
5.
.
6.
(snow) .
7.
.
8.
(mood) .
9.
(break down) .
10.
.

16 UNIT 11 ?
Task 3: Roleplay
A: You went to a department store with your friend yesterday. Your friend
seemed to be interested in the items below. But you are not sure what
your friend bought as you had to leave for another appointment. Ask
them if they bought each of the items. If not, find out why. Write the
reasons beneath the items.
B: Your friend wants to know if you bought the items below. You decided
not to buy any of them. When your friend asks, tell them that you didnt
buy the item and why. You can use the following reasons to help you.

REASONS: a. b. d. d.

1.

2.

3.

4.

[ - Casual]
A:
?
B:
, .
A:
, ?

UNIT 11 ? 17

18 UNIT 11 ?
Task 4: Listening
(EXPONENT)
Verb stem +
I was (Verb)ing
Verb or Adjective stem + /
because (A) Verb or Adjective
A/
I'm A.


bathing

food

cleaning

music

basketball

game; match

exam

study

telephone

guest

kitchen

room

next week

minute(s)

Hello (on the phone)

now

late [adverb]

after

again

in the
afternoon
+
in; at
+
from

for a moment

sorry, but

finish(es)
?
(Are you) busy?

wait, please

will call

was doing

was making

was listening

was watching

will come

because (A) answered (the phone)
/
Speaking. / It's me.

UNIT 11 ? 19
A
May I speak to A?(on the phone) Lit. Please change to A
A
May I speak to A?(on the phone) Lit. I request A

When rang the following people, they didn't answer the phone
immediately. When they answered, they said that they could not answer the
phone earlier because they had been doing something. What was each person
doing when the phone rang? Write down the letter of the picture that
describes what each person was doing. Ready? Listen!

1.________________ 2.________________ 3.________________

4.________________ 5.________________ 6.________________

20 UNIT 11 ?

UNIT 11 ? 21
Minseo is telling Jihun why she didnt go to see a movie yesterday.
: ?
: , .
: ? ?
: ?

.
: ?
: ... , .

Vocabulary

movie
? [fun +(casual past tense ending)] how was it?

cold

just; simply

Too
[head +(subject particle) ache+(casual
past tense ending)] I had a headache

?
[cold catch+(past tense modifier)+ ?
could it be the case that?]
Lit. Could it be the case that youve caught a cold?
[well sleep+ probably because]
probably because I slept well

Note: You may find the usage of "cold" here seems strange because it relates
to a headache. The notion of gamgi () can include other illnesses with
symptoms like a headache or fever. Korean people worry about "gamgi"
because it means you have caught something.

22 UNIT 11 ?
Jihun: Eoje yeonghwa jaemisseosseo? How was the movie
yesterday? (Lit. Was the
movie enjoyable yesterday?)
Minseo: Ani, eoje yeonghwa mot bwasseo. Oh, I couldnt go.
(Lit. No, I couldnt see the
movie yesterday.)
Jihun: Wae? Museun il isseosseo? Why? What happened?
(Lit. What had happened?)
Minseo: Museun ireun?
Geunyang meoriga neomu apasseo.
Nothing. (Lit. What
occurrence?) I just had a
really bad headache.
Jihun: Gamgi geollin geo aniya? Could it be a cold? (Lit.
Could it be the case that
youve caught a cold?)
Minseo: Geulsse... Geunde,
eoje jameul puk jaseo geureonji
jigeumeun gwaenchana.
Um Well, (Lit. Well In
any case,) I feel alright after
sleeping well last night.
(Lit. probably because I slept
well...)

UNIT 11 ? 23
Task 5: Roleplay
A: Your friend was meant to be going to see a movie, but didnt do after all.
Find out the reason why. Write down their name below the appropriate
reason.
B: You were supposed to be going to see a movie, but you didnt because
something unexpected happened. When your friend asks about the
movie, tell them that you didnt do and why. You can use the following
reasons to help you.

1.

2.

3.

4.

[ - Casual]
A: ?
B: . / .
A: ?
B: .

24 UNIT 11 ?
Task 6: Reading Comprehension
Andrew is writing an email to his Korean teacher in Australia about his
current travel in Asia.
,

?
. .
.

.
3, 4 .
.
.

. .
.

. .
.

2008 6 20

Vocabulary

during that time

trip
[first+(time particle)+(topic particle)] at first

UNIT 11 ? 25
[+(emphasis)] originally

Thailand
[go+ intended to] was going to go

but
[tired + so] was tired so that

had a good look around

kind
[go + (future)] going to go

later; in the future

photo
[send+ +will] will send it for you

Yours Sincerely

Comprehension Questions (Answer in Korean.)
1. What did Andrew do during the semester break?

2. Where did he go?

3. How long did he stay in each country other than Korea?

4. Why didnt he go to Thailand?

26 UNIT 11 ?
Task 7: Word Check
Match these adjectives with their opposites below. The first one is done for
you.

a.

h.

b.

i.

c.

j.

d.

k.

e.

l.

f.

m.

g.

1. 8.
2. 9.
3. 10.
4. 11.
5. 12.
6. 13.
7.

UNIT 11 ? 27
Task 8: Complete the Dialogue
The following three lines are missing from the dialogue below. Work out
what they mean and insert them into the dialogue.

a. : ()?
b. : ? ?
c. : ?

1.
: ?
2.
: , .
3.
:
_________________________________________________
4.
: . .
5.
: ?
6.
: .
7.
:
__________________________________________________
8.
:
9.
:
__________________________________________________
10.
: . .
.

28 UNIT 11 ?
Task 9: Writing
Write a short description of where you went and/or what you did during the
last semester break.

12
?

Unit Focus:
Requesting and Offering Services

o Offering
+/ ? Shall I do ?
o Requesting
+/ please do

UNIT 12 ?
30
UNIT 12 ?

31
Amanda is taking a taxi in Seoul.
: ?
: .
: ? ?
: .
: , .
Approaching the destination
: ?
: .

Vocabulary

express bus

terminal
(+) [+(direction particle) go + ] please go (to)
?
is it?

South Seoul (South of the river)

East Seoul
? [stop + ?] shall I stop (for you)?

taxi rank
[front+(location particle)] in front of
[stop + ] pull over please

Note: The Korean inter-city express bus system is cheap, fast, and
convenient. Buses between cities leave about every ten minutes, though less
frequently for smaller towns. There is an express bus terminal (
) in every town, usually near the town centre.
UNIT 12 ?
32
Taxi
driver:
Eodi gaseyo? Where do you want to go? (Lit.
Where are you going?)
Amanda: Gosokbeoseu teomineollo
ga juseyo.
Express Bus Terminal, please.
(Lit. Please go to the Express Bus
Terminal.)
Taxi
driver:
Gangnam teomineoriyo?
Dongseoul teomineoriyo?
The Kangnam terminal or
the East Seoul terminal?
Amanda: Gangnam teomineoriyo. The Kangnam terminal, please.
Taxi
driver:
A, ne. Certainly. (Lit. Ah, Yes.).
Taxi
driver:
Eodiseo sewo deurilkkayo? Where would you like to get out?
(Lit. Where shall I stop for you?)
Amanda: J eogi taeksi jeongnyuso
apeseo sewo juseyo.
Pull over by that taxi rank there,
please.
UNIT 12 ?

33
Offering: +/ ? Shall I do ...?
When you offer to do something, you can use:

Verb Stem
+/ ?
(Casual)
Verb Stem
+/ ?
(Polite)

Rules:
You have previously learnt how to create a present tense verb by adding
+/. When you are offering to do something, simply replace with
or .
+ + +
(Present Tense)
+ ? + ? + ?
(Casual)
+ ? + ? +
(Polite)

If you dont know the present tense ending +/, refer to the following
rule.
a) If the last vowel of the verb stem is () or ():
+ ? or + ?

?
Ill buy it for you?

, ?
Shall I give you a discount then?

b) If the last vowel of the verb stem is not () or ():
+ ? or + ?

?
Ill lend you some money?

?
Shall I put (it) in an envelope?

UNIT 12 ?
34
c) If the stem ends with : changes to ? Or ?

?
Shall I cook (a meal) for you?

?
Shall I introduce (you) to Sumi?

Examples:
(1) At a shop

A: ?
Shall I wrap it for you?

B: , .
Yes, please wrap it.

(2) At a shop

A: ?
How much is that?

B: .
?
Its 10,000 won. Would you like to
take a (closer) look at it?
[Lit. Shall I show it (to you)?]

(3) At a hairdressers

A: ?
How shall I cut your hair?

B: , .
J ust trim it, please.

(4) At a dry cleaners

A:
.
Please dry-clean this suit.

B: ?
When would you like it done by?

(5) At a bank

A:
.
Id like to exchange this for Korean
currency.

B: ?
How would you like (me to
exchange) it?

UNIT 12 ?

35
(6) At a restaurant

A: ?*
Shall I bring a menu?

B: , .
Yes please.

(* ? Is a very common expression similar to those given
above. However, it is not an example of the +/ form. It
is a construction that means bring. At this stage you only need to
memorise it.)

(7)
A: ?
Do you want me to bring it to you?

B: , ?
Would you?

(8)
?
*

May I help you?

(*irregular verb help + ? )

(8)
A: ?
Do you want me to help you with
your homework?

B: , .
No, thanks.

(9)
A: ()
?
Shall I introduce you to a guy?

B: .
I have a boyfriend.

(10)
A: ?
You want some coffee? (Lit. Shall I
make you a cup of coffee?)

B: , .
Yeah, thanks.

Refer to the verb table in the appendices.
UNIT 12 ?
36
Requesting: +/ please do
When you accept an offer, reply with the form:

, Verb Stem +/
(Casual)

, Verb Stem +/
(Polite)

When you want to ask someone to do something for you:

Verb Stem +/
(Casual)

Verb Stem +/
(Polite)

Rules:
If you already know the present tense form of a verb in question, simply
replace in +/ with or .

+ + +
(Present Tense)
+ + +
(Casual)
+ + +
(Polite)

If you dont, refer to the following rule:
a) If the last vowel of the verb stem is () or ():
+ or + .

MP3 .
Buy me a MP3 player.

.
.
Its too expensive.
Please give me a discount.

UNIT 12 ?

37
b) If the last vowel of the verb stem is not () or ():
+ or + .

.
Lend me some money.

.
Could you lend me a Korean
dictionary?

c) If the verb stem ends in : changes to or .

.
Tell me one more time.

.
Please speak a bit slower.

Examples:
(1) At a petrol station

A: ?
How full would you like it?

B: .
Please fill it up.

(2) Ordering food on the phone

A: ()
.
Please deliver one chajangmyeon and
two chambbong.

B: ,
.
Certainly. Please tell me your address
and phone number.

(3) At a coffee shop

A: ?
Shall I put in some sugar?

B: , .
Yes, (lit. put in) one teaspoon, please.

(4) At a shop

.
Could you show me some trousers?

(5)
.
Please call a taxi.
UNIT 12 ?
38

(6)
.
Take a photo, please.

(7)

.
Please write your address and
telephone number here.

(8)

.
Please wake me up at 7 oclock
tomorrow morning.

(9)

.
Its too heavy
so I cant lift it by myself.

.
Please help me.

(10)
.
Can you do me a favour?

(11)
A: , !
Sis, buy me dinner! (Lit. meal)

B: ?
Why should I?

A: !
Cause youre older! (Lit. Youre my
older sister, you know.)

(12)
,
*.
Thank you for having dinner with
me.

(*+ +because)

(13)
A: .
.
Come to the uni right away.
Its an emergency.

B: , .
Yes, got it.

(14)
, .
Excuse me, could I have the bill,
please. (Lit. Could you calculate the
bill for me, please.)

Refer to the verb table in the appendices.
UNIT 12 ?

39
Task 1: Roleplay
Practise this roleplay with a partner. When you have finished, swap roles.

A: You are a taxi driver in Seoul.
B: You are a tourist in Seoul. Decide which of the places below you
will go to, and then ask a taxi driver to get you there.

1. Gyeongbokgung Palace
2. Deoksugung Palace
3. Seoul Tower
4. Insa-dong (artefatcs street in the city)
5. Namdaemun Market
6. Seoul National University
7. Sinchon (Subway) Station

[ ]
Inside the taxi
A ( ): ?
B (): ______________ () .

A ( ): ?
B (): [ ] .
UNIT 12 ?
40
Task 2: Listening
(EXPONENT)
Verb stem +/
Please do Verb for me.
Verb stem +/
Do Verb, please.


what
/
color

white

black

red

yellow

blue

violet

socks

trousers

really

very

then; in that case

hat/cap

Come this way, please

Welcome

Show __ to me, please
A ?
Do you have A?
A ?
Don't you have A?

Certainly; Yes, sir/madam

Wait a minute, please.
?
Do you like (it)?

I like (it)

please wrap (it)

sorry but
?
How much is (it)?
?
Shall I get you (one)?

Please give me _
UNIT 12 ?

41

Here it is.
A ?
How about A?

what

O.K.
?
What's your size?
A
It's A.
?
What are you looking for? (May I help you?)

You will hear a clothing shop assistant help three customers. In the order
that they appear in the dialogue, the customers are , , and .
Write down their names in the boxes of the items that they have bought.
Ready? Listen!

red violet yellow black blue white

UNIT 12 ?
42

UNIT 12 ?

43
A waiter is taking orders at a restaurant.
: ?
: , 2 .
: ?
: , .

(After having the Bulgogi)
: ?
: , .
: ?
: , .

Vocabulary
?
Are you ready to order?

bulgogi
2
2 servings

naengmyeon

2 dishes

first
? [ + ?] Shall I bring __?
[ + ] Bring (it) to me

all
[eat/drink+(past tense)] (hon.)

UNIT 12 ?
44
Waiter: J umunhasigesseoyo? Are you ready to order?
(Lit. Will you order?)
Minseo: Ne, bulgogi 2 inbunhago
naengmyeon du geureut juseyo.
Yes, well have two servings of
Bulgogi and two bowls of
Naengmyeon.
Waiter: Bulgogihago naengmyeon gachi
gatda deurilkkayo?
Would you like the Bulgogi and
Naengmyeon brought together?
(Lit. Shall I bring the Bulgogi
and Naengmyeon together?)
J ihun: Anyo, bulgogi meonjeo
Gatda juseyo.
No, please bring the Bulgogi
first.

After having the Bulgogi

Waiter: Da deusyeosseoyo? Have you finished?
Minseo: Ne, da meogeosseoyo. Yes, we have.
Waiter: Geureomyeon naengmyeon
jigeum gatda deurilkkayo?
So, shall I bring the
Naengmyeon now?
Minseo: Ne, gatda juseyo. Yes, please.

UNIT 12 ?

45
Task 3: Roleplay
Practise this roleplay with a partner. When you have finished, swap roles.

A: You are a waiter in a Korean restaurant.
B: You are a customer in Korean restaurant. Decide which of the foods
below you will order.

- -
Bulgogi (barbecued beef) (shaved ice dessert)
(broiled short ribs) (sliced rice roll in hot sauce)
(grilled fish) (instant noodles)
(grilled pork belly) (noodles in black bean sauce)
(bean paste stew) (kimchi fried rice)
(kimchi stew) (rice, meat & vegies in seaweed)
(ginseng chicken soup) (handmade wheat noodle soup)
(stir-fried octopus) (clear noodles with vegetables)
(noodles in cold beef broth) (dumplings)
(cold raw fish noodles) (mixed vegetables on rice)

[ ]

: ?
: , 2 .
: ?
: , .
UNIT 12 ?
46
Task 4: Word and Grammar Check
Read the following list of the expressions for requesting or offering services.
a.

h.
?
b.

i.
?
c.

j.
?
d.

k.
?
e.

l.
?
f.

m.
?
g.

n.
?

Write down an appropriate expression next to each of the people below. The
first one is done for you.
.
1. (waiter)
?

2. (hairdresser)

3. (barber)

4. (dry cleaners)

5. (banker)

6. (petrol pumper)

7. (restaurant customer)

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

UNIT 12 ?

47
Vocabulary
[exchange + ]
[ what value+in] Used when you are
exchanging money to say what denomination of
notes or coins you would like to receive your money
in. It can also be used for goods such as phone cards.
? [give+?shall I] Shall I give?

head; hair
[cut + ]

how
? [cut + ?]
[perm ]
? [perm ?]
[iron + ]
? [shave ?]

full
[fill up or put in + ]
? [fill up or put in + ?]

[ dry-clean
]

?
[ dry-clean
?]

UNIT 12 ?
48
Task 5: Listening
(EXPONENT)
Verb stem +/ ?
Do you want me to __ (for you)?
May I __ (for you)?
Verb stem +/
Please do __ (for me).
A .
Please give (me) A.


worth

sugar

one spoon (of)

full

and

ten thousand

thousand

two bank notes [sheets]

please give me (A)
?
Would you like me to give you (A)?

please cut (A)
?
Would you like me to cut (A)?

please perm (A)
?
Would you like me to perm (A)?

please iron (A)
?
Would you like me to shave (A)?

please fill (A) up or put (A) in (B)
?
Would you like me to fill (A) up or put
(A) in (B)?
UNIT 12 ?

49
?
Would you like me to dry-clean (A)?
+
in (particle specifying unit of currency)

You will hear customers saying what they need done. For each question,
circle the letter of any pictures that describe what the customer wants. Ready?
Listen!

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

UNIT 12 ?
50

UNIT 12 ?

51
Amanda asks about Minseos wellbeing.
: ?
1

: , . ?
.
: . .
: ?
: ? ...
?
: . .

Vocabulary
? [sick +(casual present tense ending)] sick?

there

window
? [shut + ? could you ?] Could you shut?
(Lit. Do you wanna shut A for me?)
[cold + ] (I say that) because its cold
[a cold +medicine] medicine for a cold
? [buy + bring +?shall I]
Do you want me to (lit. Shall I) get (buy) A for you?

Note 1: Wh- question words (who, where, when, what) can also be used to
mean some- (someone, somewhere, sometime, something) in Korean.
There is no difference when writing; however, if the spoken stress is on the
question word, then it is a wh- question, and if the stress is on the verb, it is
a some- question.

UNIT 12 ?
52
Examples:
(1a)
?
Are you sick/sore? (Lit. Does it hurt somewhere?)
(1b)
?
Where does it hurt?

(2a)
?
Youre eating something?
(2b)
?
What are you eating?

(3a)
?
Did someone come?
(3b)
?
Who came?

Amanda: Eodi apa? Are you sick? (Lit. Are you
sick somewhere?)
Minseo: Eo, meoriga.
Geogi changmun jom dada
jullae?
Chuwoseo geurae.
Yeah. Ive got a headache.
(Lit. Yeah, the head.) Could
you shut that window there?
Its a bit cold.
Amanda: Geurae. Arasseo. Sure.O.K.
Minseo: Geunde gamgiyak jom isseo? By the way, have you got any
cold medicine?
Amanda: Gamgiyak? Eomneunde.....
Naega sada julkka?
Cold medicine? I havent got
any. Ill get some for you?
Minseo: Aniya. Gwaenchana. No. Its alright.

UNIT 12 ?

53
Task 6: Roleplay .
A: You are having a party at your place tonight and there is a lot of
housework to do. Ask your flatmate to help by doing the chores
below.
B: Decide which of the chores below you will do and which you will
not, and then offer to help your flatmate. If you are asked to do a
chore that you will do, accept according to example dialogue 1. If
you are asked to do a chore you will not do, reply with an
appropriate excuse, as shown in example dialogue 2.

1. 2.

3.
- - -

4. 5. 6.

- - -

[ 1 - Casual] [ 2]
A: . A: .
B: . ? B: ?
A: . A: .
B: , . B: (allergy) .

A: , .

B: , .
UNIT 12 ?
54
Task 7: Listening
(EXPONENT)
Verb stem +/ ?
Could you (do it) for me, please?
, .
Yes, okay.
, .
Sorry, I'm a bit busy at the
moment.
.
I can't at the moment.


door

coffee

cleaning

photo

window

telephone

letter

washing

umbrella

room

post office

guest

dishwashing

evening

lawn

money

too

cold

busy

no
?
Why

I will
1

a little bit
2

please

soon
+
in; at; to

now

I see; okay

sorry but

my (humble)

Here it is.
?
Are you going?

There is a call for you..

will come

is/am/are doing

I will bring (it)
UNIT 12 ?

55
?
Could you open (A)?
?
Could you make (A)?

Could you do (A)?
?
Could you close (A)?
?
Could you post (A)?
?
Could you mow (A)?
?
Could you lend (me A)?
?
Could you hang out (A)?
?
Could you answer (the phone)?
?
Could you hang out (A)?

UNIT 12 ?
56
You will hear people asking others to do something for them. Write down
the letter of the picture which best describes what you hear. Listen to each
response and in the brackets mark O when a response is positive and X
when it is negative. Ready? Listen!

1. ( ) 2. ( ) 3. ( ) 4. ( )

5. ( ) 6. ( ) 7. ( ) 8. ( )

9. ( ) 10. ( ) 11. ( ) 12. ( )

.

. .

.

.

.

.

. .

.

. .

UNIT 12 ?

57
Task 8: Listening

Korean

homework

a lot

time
A ?
Have you got A?
A/ .
don't have A

sick

a little bit

now
?
Could you empty the rubbish bin, please?

You will hear a dialogue in which people are asking various favors from
others. Draw lines connecting the names of people who ask favors (in the left
column), to those of people asked favors (in the right columm), and the
pictures that describe each favor. Also write down in the parentheses next to
the people asked favors whether they say , or , ... - J ust
write down or . Ready? Listen!

1. . a. ( )
2. . b. ( )
3.

. c. ( )
4.

. d. ( )
UNIT 12 ?
58
Amanda is writing an email to a Korean friend in Korea.

,
?
^^
.
.
.
() .
.
.

Vocabulary
?
Are you well, arent you?
[look after + +so] for looking after
[s/he +(subject particle)]

always

late
[get up +so]
[worry+is] Im worried
[sorry +but] Im sorry but
[please wake up + can you?]
[sorry +and]
UNIT 12 ?

59

definitely; without fail; make sure to
[play +in order to come] come to visit

good place
[show someone around + +will]
Ill take you to some good spots.

Comprehension Questions (Answer in English)
1. What does Amanda thank Yeongmi for?

2. What is Amanda worried about?

3. When does Amanda want Yeongmi to do for her younger brother/sister?

4. When and where does Amanda ask Yeongmi to visit?

5. What does Amanda offer to do?

UNIT 12 ?
60
Task 10: Writing
You have applied for a job as a flight attendant, and tomorrow you will have a
Korean language test. You want to prepare for some situations in which a
flight attendant is usually involved. Write a dialogue between a passenger and
a flight attendant.

UNIT 12 ?

61
Task 11: Writing
You have just checked into a hotel in Seoul and discovered that there is no
soap () or towel () in your room. Write a dialogue in which you call
the front desk. Request that the items be brought quickly so you can have a
bath. You should also ask for a room service menu and request a wake-up call
for 7 oclock tomorrow morning. (please wake me up: ).

UNIT 12 ?
62
Task 12: Roleplay
Compare your dialogue from Task 10 or 11 Writing with a partners. Create a
combined dialogue and practice it together.

13
?

Unit Focus:
Talking about Planned Activities

o Future Activity
+() be going to; will
o Purpose for Going Somewhere
+() in order to; with the intention of
o Vocabulary: Sports

UNIT 13 ?

64

UNIT 13 ?

65

Minjun is asking Hyeonu about his plans for the coming school holidays.
: ?

?
: .
: ? !

?
: .
: ?

, ? ?
: , .

?
: ? .

Vocabulary

school holidays
[do + will] will do

any

plan
[travel go + will] Im going on a trip
!
Sounds nice!
? [go + will +(soft ending)] will (you) go?

Sydney
[ride +and +go + will] Im going to go by
(Lit. Im going to go there taking a)
? [do + will +(soft ending)] will (you) do?
UNIT 13 ?

66
[yet+till+(emphasis)] yet; till now

any

Minjun: Ibeon banghage mwo hal
geoya?
Museun gyehoek isseo?
What are you doing these
holidays?
Got any plans?
Hyeonu: Chingudeulhago yeohaenggal
geoya.
Im going on a trip with some
friends.
Minjun: Yeohaeng? J oketda!
Eodi gal geonde?
Travel? Sounds nice!
Where are you going?
Hyeonu: Sideuni. Sydney.
Minjun: Sideuni?
Geunde, mwo tago gal geoya?
Bihaenggi?
Sydney?
How? (Lit. But what will you
take to go there?) By plane?
Hyeonu: Ani, beoseu tago gal geoya.

Geunde neon mwo hal geonde?
No, bus. (Lit. No, Ill go there
taking a bus.)
What about you? What are you
going to do?
Minjun: Na?
Ajikkkajin amu gyehoek
eopseo.
Me?
I havent got any plans yet.

UNIT 13 ?

67

Future Activity: +() be going to; will
When we want to talk about a future activity, we can use the pattern:

Verb Stem +() (Casual)

Verb Stem +() (Polite)

Verb Stem +() (Honorific)

Rules:
a) If the verb stem ends in a vowel: + or + .
.
Ill watch TV at home.

b) If it ends in a consonant (except ): + or + .
?
What are you going to eat?

Examples:
(1) A:
?
When are you going to go to Korea?
B:
.
Next year.

(2) A:

?
What are you going to do
this weekend? (hon.)
B:

.
Im going to see a play
with a friend.

(3) A:
?
How are you going to get to town?
B:
.
Im going to catch a bus.

(4) A:
?
What are you going to do during the
semester break?
B:

.
I am going to work in a restaurant.
UNIT 13 ?

68
Task 1: Roleplay ?
Find out what your classmates are planning to do this coming school
holidays.

[ - Casual]
A:
?

?
B:
.
A:
? !

?
B:
.

UNIT 13 ?

69

Task 2: Roleplay ?
Find out what your classmates are planning to do this weekend.
Reply according to the activities in the boxes allocated by your teacher.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

[ 1 - Casual]
A:
[ Name ]/, ?
B:
.

?
A:
,
1
.

[ 2]
A:
?
B:
.

[ Title: , , or ]/?
A:
, * .

(*You use (maybe) to express uncertainty, so you should not use
this word with a definite ending such as +/. )
UNIT 13 ?

70
Task 3: Listening
(EXPONENT)

when the class is finished/finishes
?
What will you do?/What are you
going to do?
Verb stem +/
will (Verb)


today

tomorrow

evening

class

song

karaoke

library

house

friend

television

party

book

food

music
+
in; at
+
to
+
with

when (A) is
finished/finishes

will make

will study

will go

will meet

will listen

will sing

will watch

will sleep

will read

UNIT 13 ?

71

You are going to hear dialogues describing various activities. Write down
the letter of the picture that describes what you hear. Ready? Listen!

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

UNIT 13 ?

72

UNIT 13 ?

73

J ihun and Minseo are talking about their plans for the coming weekend.
: ?
?

.
: ? ?
: .
: ? , ?
: , . ?
: ?

, .

Vocabulary
? [what do + will (casual)]
what will you be doing?
[Saturday+(time particle)+(topic
particle)] on Saturday
[+with] with Amanda; +
[see + go in order to + will (casual)]
be going to see

The Man The Woman
? [like that good at] Is A that good at (it)?

she/he (casual)
but (casual); by the way;

special
UNIT 13 ?

74

plan
[work part-time+ go in order to +
will (casual)] be going to go to work

J ihun: Ibeon jumare mwo hal geoya? What are you gonna do this
weekend?
Minseo: Ibeon jumal?
Toyoiren amandarang
yeongeuk boreo gal geoya.
This weekend?
Im going to see a play with
Amanda on Saturday.
Minseo: J injja? Museun yeongeuk? Really? Which one?
J ihun: Geu namja geu yeoja. The Man The Woman.
Minseo: Geurae? Geunde, amandaga
hangugeo geureoke jalhae?
Really? But is Amandas
Korean that good?
J ihun: Geureom, gyae jinjja jalhae.
Geunde neon mwo hal geoya?

Of course. Its absolutely great.
(Lit. She can really do it well.)
What are you gonna do?
J ihun: Na?
Toyoiren teukbyeolhan
gyehoek eopgo, iryoiren
albahareo galgeoya.
Me?
I dont have any in particular
planned for Saturday, and Im
working on Sunday.

UNIT 13 ?

75

Purpose for Going Somewhere:
+() in order to ; with the intention of
In Korean, when you go or come somewhere to do something, you can use:
Verb Stem + ()
Verb Stem + ()

Rules:
a) If the verb stem ends in a vowel: + .
. Im going (somewhere) to meet a friend.

b) If the verb stem ends in a consonant: + .
. Im going (somewhere) to eat Korean food.

Examples:
(1)
A: ?
Where are you going?

B: .
To meet a friend. (casual)
(2)
() .
Im going to the city to meet a
friend.
(3)
.
I am going to the library to study.
(4)
.
I came to Korea to learn Korean.
(5)
A: ?
Where has Sumi gone to?

B: .
She has gone to the pharmacy
to buy some cough medicine.

This construction can be used to answer the question Where are you going?
because the answer does not always require the name of the place you are
going to, but your reason for going out is a sufficient answer. In example (1),
the answer (). would satisfy the person asking the
question.
UNIT 13 ?

76
Task 4: Roleplay
Choose one of the places from the list below and an activity you can do there.
Move around the classroom asking your classmates where they are going and
what they will do there. Write down their names, and draw lines connecting
the place and the activity.

[ ]
A:
?
B:
.

Activities Places
1.
a.

2.
b.

3.
c.

4.
d.

5.
e.

6.
f.

7.
g.

8.
h.

9.
i.

10.
j.

11.

k.

12.

l.

UNIT 13 ?

77

Task 5: Writing
Fill in the blanks with an appropriate activity. Numbers one and seven have
been done for you.

1. .
2. _______________________________________ .
3. _______________________________________ .
4. _______________________________________
5. _______________________________________ .
6. _______________________________________ .
7. .
8. _______________________________________ .
9. _______________________________________ (park) .
10. _______________________________________ .
UNIT 13 ?

78

UNIT 13 ?

79

Minseo is asking J ihun about what TV programs are on tonight.
: ?
: , .
: ? ?
: .
: ? ?
: SBS.

Vocabulary

today
Usually the word () means what, but in this context it
should be translated as any. When saying
()? do not stress the .
{[+] Noun}: interesting Noun; good Noun
means program(). Lots of English words are
shortened in this way, such as or for
television, for air conditioner and for
remote control.

baseball

sports game/match

which

team

with
[where +(location particle)] where

UNIT 13 ?

80
Minseo: Oneul mwo jaemiinneun
peuro isseo?
Whats on tonight?
Anything interesting?
J ihun: Eo, yagu gyeonggi. Yep, theres a baseball game.
Minseo: Geurae?
Eoneu timhago eoneu tim?
Yeah?
Which teams?
J ihun: Rotdehago samseong. Lotte versus Samsung.
Minseo: Geurae?
Myeot sie eodiseo?
Yeah?
What time on which channel?
(Lit. What time? Where?)
J ihun: Yeol sie sbseseo. 10 oclock on SBS.

UNIT 13 ?

81

UNIT 13 ?

82
Vocabulary: Sports

boxing

netball

basketball

running

rugby

marathon

American football

volleyball

badminton

bowling

swimming

Korean wrestling

baseball

aerobics

weight lifting

judo

soccer

cricket

table tennis

Korean martial art

tennis

hockey

handball

Australian football

UNIT 13 ?

83

Task 6: Roleplay ?
Find out what your classmates are doing this evening. If they are watching
TV, ask what programs they will watch, on which channel and at what time.
Write down their names and programs in the appropriate boxes. When asked
what you are doing this evening, answer that you will be watching TV at
home. Your teacher will provide information on the programs you will be
watching.

2() 7() 9() 10() SBS
7:00
7:30
8:00
8:30
9:00
9:30
10:00
10:30
11:00
11:30

[ - Casual]
A:
?
B:
, .
A:
? ?
B:
.
A:
? ?
B:
SBS.
UNIT 13 ?

84
Task 7: Listening
(EXPONENT)
Verb stem +/ ?
Are you going to Verb? / Will you Verb?


what (kind of)
()
program

which

channel

miniseries

is on (the television)
?
Will you watch (A)?

will watch (A)

when

today

o'clock
+
at

what
+
in

half

and
Sino-Korean numbers up to 10 Pure Korean numbers up to 13

You will hear a conversation between and . They are talking
about the TV programs that they are watching this evening. The programs are:
Our House, The Burden of Proof ( ), Cold Steel(), and The
Simpsons(). Listen carefully to which person is watching which program
on which channel and at what time. Write down the names of the programs
and who is watching in the appropriate cells. Ready. Listen!

UNIT 13 ?

85

2009 8 19 ()
2() 7() 9() 10() SBS
6:00
6:30
7:00
7:30
8:00
8:30
9:00
9:30
10:00
10:30
11:00
11:30

UNIT 13 ?

86
Seongchan has organised a trip to Sydney for the Korean Students
Association. The day before they are going to leave he runs into Sumi at the
university. The following advertisement for the trip will help you complete
their dialogue below.

!
: 2010 7 1 - 7 5
:
: ,
:
: 200 ( )
:

Vocabulary

date

transportation

car

travel destination

the Opera House

the Blue Mountains

accommodation

halls of residence; dormitory

price
dollar ()
{[inexpensive+] Noun} inexpensive Noun

contact (person/place) where to contact
UNIT 13 ?

87

Korean Students Association

President; chairperson

Comprehension Questions (Answer in Korean)

1. What are the start and end dates of the trip?

______________ _______________.
2. What transport will they travel with?

3. What places will they visit?

4. Where are they going to stay?

5. How much does the trip cost? Is it expensive or cheap?

6. Who is the contact person? What is his position in the Korean Students
Association?

UNIT 13 ?

88
Task 9: Complete the Dialogue
Work out what the following three lines mean and insert them into Seongchan
and Sumis dialogue.

1) .
2) .
3) 7 5 .

: , . . ?
: ?
: .
: ? .
?
: 7 1 .
: ?
: . ______________________________________.
: ?
: 2 .
______________________________________________________.
: ?
:
______________________________________________________.
? ?
:
1
.
UNIT 13 ?

89

Note 1: The phrase Verb+ is used when someone has talked you into
doing something and you indicate your agreement. It is very colloquial and
could be translated by a phrase such as Im up for it.

Vocabulary
[that next day +] the day after that

the Blue Mountains
[sightseeing go + will]
will go sightseeing

halls of residence; dormitory
+
till
[stay + will] is/are going to stay

I havent seen you for ages

email
[not receive +(past tense ending)]
[busy + so that]

couldnt check (email)
/
but; by the way
(day) is often used instead of the time particle + in
colloquial speech: 7 1.

what
? [do+ will+?(soft ending)]
are going to do?

a few days

the Opera House
UNIT 13 ?

90
[look around +will] will go and see
?
will we stay (over night)?

14
?

Unit Focus:
Giving a Reason or Cause
Talking about Illness and Health
Giving Advice

o Reason or Cause
+() since; because
o Vocabulary: Parts of the Human Body
o Change in an Action or State
o Negative Commands
+ please, dont do
o Frequency:
() () (three) times per (day)
o Vocabulary: Length of Time

UNIT 14 ?
92

UNIT 14 ?
93
J ihun is asking Minseo whether she wants to have a meal together.
: ?
: , .
: ?
: , . ?
: ?
: ? , .
: ?
: ...

?
: ? .

VOCABULARY

not yet
? [+?] wanna eat?
? [eat + go to do +?shall we?]
will we have?

weather
[cold +because] its cold so

Gaeseong (city name in North Korea)
[ knife noodle] handmade noodle soup
?
how about?
[cheap +and] cheap and
[tasty +because] its yummy so
UNIT 14 ?
94
[there +(topic particle)] there
[no good + because] is no good so
.
alright; I suppose

J ihun: Bap meogeosseo? Have you eaten?
Minseo: Ani, ajik. No. Not yet.
J ihun: Geureom uri gachi
meogeullae?
Do you wanna eat together
then?
Minseo: Geurae, geureom.
Mwo meogeureo galkka?
Yeah, alright.
Whatll we have?
J ihun: Nalssiga chuunikka
kalguksu eottae?
What about kalguksu
since the weathers so cold?
Minseo: Kalguksu? Eo, joa. Kalguksu? Yeah, okay.
J ihun: Gaeseong kalguksuga ssago
masisseunikka geogi galkka?
Gaeseong Kalguksu is cheap
and tasty. Will we go there?
Minseo: Geunde geogin seobiseuga jom
byeolloyeoseo...
Seoul gadeuneun eottae?
Service there isnt too good

How about Seoul Garden?
J ihun: Seoul gadeun?
Geureoji mwo.
Seoul Garden?
I suppose

UNIT 14 ?
95
Reason or Cause: +() since; because
We previously learnt how to give a reason or cause by using +/.
However, you cannot always use +/ in the middle of a sentence. If
you look at the examples in Unit 11, you will notice that +/ is always
followed by a direct statement about events (usually in the past). But often
you will want to express a reason or cause and follow it with an order, a
suggestion, or a statement of what you intend to do. In these cases you must
use +() as the mid-sentence link between the reason or cause and the
resulting order, suggestion, or statement of intention. It can be used with
verbs, adjectives and nouns.

Verb or Adjective Stem +()

Noun +()

1) Rules for verb or adjective stems:
a) If the verb or adjective stem ends in a vowel: +

.
( . )
Since we (you) are busy,
do it quickly.

b) If the verb or adjective stem ends in a consonant (not ): +

.
( . )
Since we dont have much
time, lets catch a taxi.

c) If the verb or adjective stem ends in the consonant : drop
+

.
( . )
Since its cold,
I am going to have coffee.

* +

UNIT 14 ?
96
2) Rules for nouns:
d) If the noun ends in a vowel: +

.
Since youre a man, you should pay.

e) If the noun ends in the consonant: +

.
Since tomorrow is a public holiday,
lets go and see a movie.

Examples:
(1)

.
Since were hungry,
lets eat quickly.

(2)

.
Since its raining,
take an umbrella.

(3)

.
Since its cold,
wear more clothes.

(4)
.
Its hot. Be careful.

(*+)

(5)
A: ?
Where shall we go for lunch?

B:
*.
Since Seoul restaurant is cheap and
the foods good, lets go there.

* In this example, the form is used to make a suggestion. You
could also say or . is more informal than
and is the casual form: > >.

UNIT 14 ?
97
Grammar: Unlike +/, +() or +() must be used with
the past tense of the verb or adjective when required.

(5)
.
Since Sumi has arrived, lets go.

(*++)

(6)
A: .
(*++)
Since you did well in the exam,
you should take me out.

B: . .
OK, Ill buy dinner.
(When something good happens to somebody, such as winning in the
lottery, receiving a scholarship or getting a promotion, Korean custom
requires that they shout their friends or colleagues to a meal or a night
out. It is quite acceptable to remind them with the phrase or
(more casual)!)

More on using +() and +/:
The following table shows which combinations can or cannot be used.

since (a reason) then (a result)

reason +/
reason +()
direct statement about an event

reason +/
reason +()
an order

reason +/
reason +()
a suggestion

reason +/
reason +()
a statement of intention

UNIT 14 ?
98
Task 1: Roleplay .
Your class has decided to go to a movie and afterwards to a restaurant this
Saturday. Go around and ask your classmates which restaurant they want to
go to and why. Write down their names and reasons next to the appropriate
restaurant. When you are asked which restaurant you want to go, choose one
on the list below as well as a reason and reply to your classmates. You may
make up your own reason.

[ ]
: ?
: .

REASONS:
a.
quiet
b.

c.
close
d.

e.
;
the price is reasonable
f.
the public
transport is convenient
g.

the atmosphere is good
h.
.
There are various types of food.

RESTAURANT NAME & REASON

UNIT 14 ?
99
Task 2: Listening
You will hear three dialogues between two students who bumped into each
other on campus. Listen carefully and answer the following questions.

Dialogue 1
1. Why did the male student suggest that they have gimchijjige?

2. Why did the female student suggest that they go to Eomma sikdang?

Dialogue 2
1. Why did the male student suggest that they have naengmyeon?

2. Why did the female student suggest that they go to Pyeongyang
naengmyeon jip?

Dialogue 3
1. Have they already had their lunch?

2. The female student was on her way to do something before she bumped
into the male student. What was she going to do?

3. Why did the female student suggest that they go to Eseupanya (Espaa)?
UNIT 14 ?
100

UNIT 14 ?
101
Minjun has noticed that Hyeonu has hurt his foot.
: ?
: , .
: , ?
: .
: ? ?
: ,
: ?
: .

Vocabulary

foot
?
What happened? (Lit. Why is it like that?)
[get injured+(casual past tense ending)]
got injured

Oh, no
? [what do+and then]
What were you doing at the time?
[play soccer+and then]
while playing soccer
[fall over +(past tense ending)] fell over
? What to do (Shortened form of [how +?])
[soon get better+will+ oh well, never mind]
Itll be alright. ( is pronounced .)

UNIT 14 ?
102
Minjun: Neo bari wae geurae? What happened to your foot?
Hyeonu: Eo, jomdacheosseo. I just hurt myself.
Minjun: Ani, mwo hadaga? Oh, What happened?
Hyeonu: Chukguhadaga
neomeojeosseo.
When I was playing soccer,
I fell over.
Minjun: Chukgu? Mani apa? Soccer? It is really bad?
Hyeonu: Ani, gwaenchana No. Its ok.
Minjun: Eotteokanya. What to do
Hyeonu: Got natgetji mwo. Ill be right.
(Lit. Itll be better soon)

UNIT 14 ?
103
Vocabulary: Parts of the Human Body

body

head

(head) hair

body hair

eye(s)

ear(s)

nose

mouth

lip(s)
()
tooth; teeth

neck

chest

upper and
middle back

stomach

lower back

hips

buttocks

arm(s)

elbow(s)

leg(s)

knee(s)

hand(s)

wrist(s)

finger(s)

fingernail(s)

foot; feet

ankle(s)

toe(s)

toenail(s)
UNIT 14 ?
104
Task 3: Listening

(Exponent)
?
Are you sick?
, .
Yes, I'm a little bit sick.
?
Which part of your body is aching?
A (body part) / .
A is aching. or A hurts.

(Essential Vocabulary )

mouth

ear

head

eye

arm

hand

chest

stomach

leg

foot

a little bit

where/what part

sick/hurt/sore
+/
subject particle

UNIT 14 ?
105
You are going to hear dialogues in which people are asking if someone is
sick or hurt and, if they are, which part of their body is aching. Listen for the
aching body parts and in each space write down the letters which correspond
to the ones that you hear. Ready? Listen!

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

UNIT 14 ?
106
Change in an Action or State:
When there is a change in the action or state we can use:

Verb or Adjective Stem +

Action or State 1 Action or State 2

If we are engaged in one activity and it is interrupted by another, we use
+. There is no exact English equivalent, though in the examples given
here it can be translated as while. However, unlike the English while,
when using + the subject of the two actions must always be the
same.

Examples:
(1)
.
(*fall over +)
I fell over while running.

(2)
.
(*+)
I had an accident while driving.

(3)
.
(*fight +)
We fought while playing soccer.

(4)

.
(*twist +)
I twisted my ankle
while dancing.

(5)

.
(*cut +)
I hurt my finger
while cutting vegetables.
UNIT 14 ?
107
(6)

.
(*get injured +)
I hurt my arm
while playing basketball.

(7)

.
(*get hit +)
The ball hit me
while I was playing baseball.

(8)

.
I hurt my back
while moving a desk.

(* is pronounced .)

(9)

.
I hurt my knee
when I fell riding my bicycle.

(10)

.
I hurt my back
while mowing the lawn

(11)

.
I used to live in the halls of
residence but last week moved into
a home stay near the uni.

As in example (11), this pattern can also be used if the change of action is
deliberate not only when the first action is interrupted by the second action,
but indicating a transition from one action to another.

Grammar: Although the first action is a past event, the verb does not
include the tense: we just attach + to the verb stem. The second verb
indicates the tense of both actions.

UNIT 14 ?
108
Task 4: Vocabulary
Here is a list of words referring to parts of the body which you need to know
for this task. Write them next to their English equivalents. The first one is
done for you.

a.

e.

i.

b.

f.

j.

c.

g.

k.

d.

h.

l.

1. body 7. foot
2. arm 8. hand
3. back 9. head
4. chest 10. leg
5. ear 11. mouth
6. eye 12. stomach
UNIT 14 ?

109
Task 5: Roleplay ?
Pretend that you have gotten hurt recently. Point with your finger to the part
of your body that got hurt and tell your classmates how it happened.

HOW YOU GOT HURT:
a.
.
f.
.
b.
.
g.
.
c.

h.
.
d.

i.
.
e.
.
j.
(boxing) .

Name Part of Body Hurt How

[ - Casual]
A:
?
B:
, .
A:
?
B:
.
A:
?
B:
, / . or ,
UNIT 14 ?

110

UNIT 14 ?

111
Minseo felt a bit sick, so she went to a pharmacist.
: ?
: .
: ?
: .
: . .

: .
, .

Vocabulary

pharmacist
? [sick(honorific)+(honorific present
tense ending)] Are you sick? (honorific)
[sick +because] because Im sick

fever
+/?
What about?
[ have + seems+and]
I think there is and
[coughs +also ] I am coughing as well
[cold +] That must be a cold.
[just a moment wait +]
J ust a moment, please
[a day +per] a day

three times
UNIT 14 ?

112
mealafter+(time particle)] after meals
[eat/drink(hon.)+] please take/eat (hon.)

for the time being

[ exert energy +(honorific verb infix)
+ dont +(honorific verb infix)+and]
don't exert yourself
[fully rest +(honorific present tense
ending)] have a good rest

Note: In Korea you will find many small pharmacies (). When
Koreans have a minor ailment, they often go and discuss their illness with a
pharmacist who suggests some medicine. However, you need prescriptions
from doctors for most illnesses.

Pharmacist: Eodiga pyeonchaneuseyo? How can I help you?
(Lit. Where are you sick?)
Minseo: Eoje jeonyeokbuteo
meoriga apaseoyo.
(Lit. Im here because)
Ive had a headache
since last night.
Pharmacist: Yeoreunyo? Do you have a fever?
Minseo: Yeoldo jom inneun geo gatgo
gichimdo jom haeyo.
Yes, I think so and I am
coughing a bit as well.
Pharmacist: Geureomyeon gamgineyo.
J amkkanman gidariseyo.
That must be a cold.
J ust a moment, please.

UNIT 14 ?

113
Pharmacist: I yak harue se beon
sikue deuseyo.
Dangbungan murihasiji
masigoyo, puk swiseyo
Take this medication three
times a day after meals.
Take it easy for the time
being (lit. dont exert yourself
too much) and have a good
rest.

UNIT 14 ?

114
Negative Commands: + please dont
When we want to tell someone not to do something, we can use:

Verb Stem + (Casual)

Verb Stem + (Polite)

Verb Stem + (Honorific)

Examples:
(1)
.
Dont be late.
(2)
.
Dont worry.
(3)
.
Be quiet. (Lit. Dont make a noise)
(4)
.
Dont run.
(5)
.
Dont smoke.
(6)
.
Dont drink too much (alcohol).
(7)
.
Dont come near me.
(8)
.
Dont doze off.
(9)
.
Dont touch (it).
(10)
.
Stop it. (Lit. Dont do it)
(11)
.*
Dont ring me any more.

(*+ is not grammatically correct but used very often in
colloquial speech.)

+ can be combined with + to mean Dont do that, do this
instead:
(12)

.
Dont sleep,
study hard (instead).
(13)
.
Be quiet and listen carefully
UNIT 14 ?

115
Task 6: Roleplay
A: Choose your bad habits from the list below. Tell your partner about
them and seek for advices. Refer to the example dialogue.
B: Your partner has come to you for help. Refer to the example dialogue.

[ 1] [ 2 - Casual]
A:
.
A:
.
B:
.

B:
.

(Bad habits (Advice)
1.
. .
(early)
2.
.

3.
.

4.

1
.
skip breakfast

5.
.
easily loose temper

6.
.
cross legs

7.
.

8.

.

Note 1: is pronounced , but is pronounced .
UNIT 14 ?

116
Task 7: Listening
(Exponent)
Verb stem +/
be going to Verb
Verb stem(1) +
Verb stem(2) +/
Don't Verb(1) but Verb(2), please

(Essential Vocabulary )

post office

intersection

Sunday

school holidays

what movie

what

this evening

this way
()
(at) home
()
(by) bus
()
(by) train

where

this time

straight

first

too (much)
+
at

excuse me but

you mean

boring

uncomfortable

Thank you

have grown up

please go

go and

don't go but

don't see (A) but

going to do

going to see

going to go
?
Where is it?

by bus

by what transportation
()
(to the) left
?
To the left?
()
(to the) right

please mow the lawn
UNIT 14 ?

117
You will hear four dialogues in which people give advice on various
matters. Put a mark X on the picture that is given a negative remark.
Ready? Listen!

1.
.

Jurassic Park
.
The Piano
2.
.

.

3.
.

.

4.
.

.

UNIT 14 ?

118
Frequency:() () (three) times per (day)
When we want to say we do something regularly such as I play tennis twice
a week, we first attach the time particle + to a time noun and use a
number plus for the frequency (once, twice, etc).

once five times nine times
twice six times ten times
three times seven times eleven times
four times eight times twelve times

Examples:
(1)
.
Take this medicine once a day.
(2)
.
I play tennis twice a week.
(3)

.
I go to see a movie
about three times a month.
(4)

.
I call home twice a month.
(5)
.
I go on a business trip
about four times a year.

UNIT 14 ?

119

UNIT 14 ?

120
Vocabulary: Length of Time
We have studied how to count days in unit eleven. Here we will learn more
words related to lengths of time. When there are two sets of counting, such
as for days and months, Sino-Korean numbers are used for larger lengths of
time. , and are Sino-Korean words and therefore used with
Sino-Korean numbers.
Days Pure Korean

one day
/
seven days

two days
/
eight days
/
three days
/
nine days
/
four days
/
ten days
/
five days
/
eleven days
/
six days
/
fifteen days

Weeks Sino Korean

one week

seven weeks

two weeks

eight weeks

three weeks

nine weeks

four weeks

ten weeks

five weeks

eleven weeks

six weeks

twenty weeks

UNIT 14 ?

121
Months Pure Korean

one month

seven months

two months

eight months

three months

nine months

four months

ten months

five months

eleven months

six months

twenty month

Months Sino Korean

one month

seven months

two months

eight months

three months

nine months

four months

ten months

five months

eleven months

six months

twenty month

Years Sino Korean

one year

seven years

two years

eight years

three years

nine years

four years

ten years

five years

eleven years

six years

twenty years
UNIT 14 ?

122
Task 8: Word Check
1. Here is a list of words relating to days. Match them with their English
equivalents. The first one is done for you.
a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

h.

i.

j.

one day six days
two days seven days
three days eight days
four days nine days
five days ten days

2. Here is a list of words relating to frequency. Match them with their
English equivalents. The first one is done for you.
a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

h.

i.

j.

once six times
twice seven times
three times eight times
four times nine times
five times ten times

3. Write equivalent Korean expressions to the following:
once a day .
twice a day
three times a day
UNIT 14 ?

123
Task 9: Roleplay
A: Here is a set of personal hygiene and health related habits. Ask your
partner how often s/he does each one.
B: Answer the questions on the personal hygiene and health related habits
listed below.

HABITS FREQUENCY
1. ? wash your face

2. ? wash your hands

3. ? brush your teeth

4. ? have a shower

5. ? have a bath
6. ?

7. ?

8. ?

9. ?

10.

11. ?

12. ? smoke

13. ? exercise

14. ?

[ 1] [ 2 - Casual]
A:
?
A:
, ?
B:
.
B:
.
UNIT 14 ?

124
Task 10: Listening
(EXPONENT)
Verb stem +/
have to verb
Verb stem +?
You verb, don't you?


bread

fruit

Indian tea

throat

exercise

cigarette

coffee

alcohol

tennis

meal

vitamins

a lot

occasionally

always

always

rarely

morning/breakfast

instead of

especially

really/very much

very

not at all/never

often

a little bit

just a little bit

from now on

without fail
+
every

every morning

smoke

eat

drink

I see.

do
?
Do you do (A)?

did(honorific)

Because (I) like (it)
?
Are you sick?
?
Are you hungry?
?
You smoke, don't you?
UNIT 14 ?

125
?
You eat ___, don't you?
?
How about (A)?

by the way; but

You will hear and talking about their habits. Write down their
names in the appropriate cells. Ready? Listen!

This time, you will hear and talking about their habits. Write
down their names in the appropriate cells. Ready? Listen!

UNIT 14 ?

126

3 4
30

1 ()

2008 6 5

Vocabulary

medicine for internal use

sir/madam

directions for use

times
(x)
amount per (x number of days)

every meal
//
before/during/after
30 30 minutes ( 30: 30 minutes after every meal)

taking medicine
()
sachet (pill)

each time
UNIT 14 ?

127

1. What is the name of the patient?
2. How often does he/she take this medicine?
3. When does he/she take this medicine?
4. How many tablets does he/she take?
5. How long does he/she take this medicine?
UNIT 14 ?

128
Task 12: Writing
You have an assignment due today but you havent been able to finish it.
You want an extension from your lecturer but he is not in his office. Write a
note explaining that you have been sick. (You think that the best way of
getting an extension is to get his sympathy by exaggerating how sick you
are.)

Task 13: Writing
We are carrying out a research project into household accidents and minor
illnesses that occur in society. Could you please assist us with data on your
household, indicating for each family member what has happened during the
last year and where relevant, how often.

15
?

Unit Focus:
Talking about Whether Something Might
Happen
Arranging Events

o Sequence 1
+/ to; and; then
o Sequence 2
+ and then
o Conditional if
+() if , (then)
o Compulsion
+/ have to
o Future Intention or Volunteering:
+() I will; let me

UNIT 15 ?
130

UNIT 15 ? 131
Hyeonu and Minjun are talking about plans for this afternoon.
: ?
: .
.
?
: , ....
?

Vocabulary
[go+ and] go and

exam; test
[+its because] Its because there is/I have

well

gym

exercise
+
maybe or something
? [do+?I might] maybe doing?

Hyeonu: Oneul ohue mwo hal geoya? What are you doing
this afternoon?
Minjun: Doseogwan gaseo gongbuhal
geoya. Naeil ilboneo siheom
itgeodeun. Neon?
Im going to study Japanese at
the library, cause I have a test
tomorrow. You?
Hyeonu: Nan, geulsse....
Helseukeulleop gaseo
undongina halkka
Me? Hm
Maybe working out at the
gym or something?
UNIT 15 ?
132
Sequence 1: +/ to; and; then
You have learnt that +/ is used to express the reason or cause for a
statement or give an answer to a why question (Unit 11). +/ can also
be used to show a sequence of activities, like when you want to indicate
certain situation follows a particular action. For example, you go somewhere
and carry out an activity at that place.

Verb Stem +/

When using +/ the subjects of the clauses should be the same:

a) ( ) .
subject 1 subject 1
I met a friend yesterday and (I) had a drink together (with him).

b) .
subject 1 subject 2 (WRONG!!!)
I met a friend yesterday and he had a drink (with me).

Examples:
(1)

.
I went home
to watch television.

(2)

.
Susan went to Korea
to study Korean history.

(3)

.
Ill go to the bank
to get some money.

(4)

.
I usually go to the gym
to do aerobics.

UNIT 15 ? 133
(5)

.
My (younger) sister goes to a coffee
shop to meet her boyfriend.

(6)

.
Would you hurry up over here and
open the door, please.

(7)

.
Would you go to the office and
get me a pen, please.

(8)

.
I want to go to graduate school and
continue studying.

(9)

.
Would you go out and
wait, please?

(10)

.
Hurry over here and eat.

(11)

.
Please, go to the library
and borrow a book for me.

(12)

.
Come over here and
have a look at this.

UNIT 15 ?
134
Task 1: Roleplay
Choose a place and an activity from the list below and have a conversation
with your partner. Keep going until you and your partner have said all of
them.

Places

1. PC _______________________________________________.
2. ______________________________________________.
3. *(convenience store) _________________________________.
4. ___________________________________________.
5. _____________________________________________.
6. (coaching school) _________________________________.
7. (student club) __________________________________.
8. (health club) _________________________________.
(* is pronounced or .)
Activities
a. / e. /
b. / f. /
c. /
(play; enjoy oneself; hang out)
g. /
d. / h. / (learn)

[ 1] [ 2 - Casual]
A:
?
A:
/?
B:
.
[ Name ] ?
B:
.
?
UNIT 15 ? 135
Task 2: Listening
You are going to hear some dialogues on future plan. Listen carefully and
write down the place next to the activity. Ready? Listen!

(VOCABULARY)

basketball

TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language)

park

eating out

Italian restaurant

department store

1.

friends house

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

UNIT 15 ?
136
Sequence 2: + and then
To show going somewhere and then subsequently going somewhere else.
The linking ending after or is +:

go +
come +

Examples:
(1)

.
I went to the bank and then
to my office.
(2)

.
I will go to the bank and then
to the office.
(3)

.
I usually go to the gym and then to
university.
(4)

.
I will come home and then
go to the pool.
(5)

.
Please come over for a second.
(Lit. Please come for a short time
and then go.)

Note: As you are describing one action and then, after it has finished, a
second one, it is necessary to use or as the linking ending.
The perfect tense / indicates that the first act of going/coming has been
completed before the second one takes place. This is the vital difference
between + and +. When using +(), the subject of the two
actions must always be the same.
UNIT 15 ? 137
Task 3: Roleplay
Choose two places from this list below and have a conversation with your
partner. Keep going until you and your partner have said all of them.

Places

1. PC ____________________________________________.
2. ____________________________________________.
3. *(convenience store) ___________________________.
4. __________________________________________.
5. ____________________________________________.
6. (coaching school) _______________________________.
7. (student club) ________________________________.
8. _________________________________________.

(* is pronounced or .)

[ 1 - Casual]
A:
?
B:
, . ?

[ 2]
A:
?
B:
, . [ Name ] ?
UNIT 15 ?
138

UNIT 15 ? 139
Hyeonu and Minjun are talking about plans for tomorrow.
: ?
: . ?
: ? ! ?
: ?
: ? .

?
1

: , ?

.

Vocabulary
[weather good+if] if the weather is good
? [ride+ to go+shall we?] Shall we go riding?
! Great! [good+emphasizing] pronounced ~.
The use of +(casual)/(polite) is a common stylistic
feature. +/ is used in many ways and often there is no
specific grammatical meaning associated with it.
? [+] Where to?
[rain+(subject particle) come+if] if it rains
? [how do+soft ending that is asking for
anothers opinion] What can we do?
[what+(object particle)] what
[thatone+(topic particle)] that
[thattime] at the time
[think+lets] lets think (about)
UNIT 15 ?
140
Note 1: The use of +(casual)/(polite: often shortened to) is a
common stylistic feature. +/() is used in many ways and often
there is no specific grammatical meaning associated with it.

Hyeonu: Uri naeil mwo halkka? What do you wanna do
tomorrow?
Minjun: Geulsse. Nalssi joeumyeon
jajeongeo tareo galkka?
Well, do you wanna go bike
riding if the weathers good?
Hyeonu: Jajeongeo? Jochi.
Geunde eodiro?
Riding? Great.
But where to?
Minjun: Seinteu kilda eottae? How about St. Kilda?
Hyeonu: Seinteu kilda? Joa.
Geunde biga omyeon
eotteoke haji?
St. Kilda? Perfect.
But what if it rains?
Minjun: Geulsse, mwol halkka?
Geugeon geuttae
saenggakaja.
Hmm, what shall we do?
Lets see what its like. (Lit.
Lets think about that at the
time.)

UNIT 15 ?
141
Conditional if: +() if , (then)
When we want to link two clauses with if, we can use:

Verb or Adjective Stem + / Main Clause.

The rules:
a) If the verb or adjective stem ends in a vowel: +

.
If it rains tomorrow,
I wont go to the mountains.

b) If it ends in a consonant (not ): +

.
If youve got time,
please drop in at my office.

c) If it ends in consonant : drop +

.
Open windows, if you feel hot.

Examples:
(1)

.
If you go to library,
please return this book for me.

(2)
.
If you are tired, have a rest.

(3)

.
If youve got time,
lets have a chat.

(4)

.
If you see Seon-young,
give her this (please).

(5)
A: .
These sneakers are too expensive.

B: () .
If theyre (too) expensive, dont
buy them.

UNIT 15 ?
142
(6)
A:
.
If you dont come over here
quickly, Ill just leave.

B: . .
All right. Ill come right away.

(7)
A: , .
Ah, Im hungry.

B: .
If youre hungry,
have some instant noodle.

(8)
A: .
Dont be late.

B: .
All right.

A: .
If youre late again, Ill kill you.

(9)
A: ? ?
Why arent you eating? No good?

B: , .
Its not that. Im not hungry.

A: .
If its no good, dont eat it.

(10)
A:
.
If youve got some money,
could you buy me a coffee.

B: .
All right.

(11)
A: ?

?
What are you doing this evening?
If you dont have anything on, do
you want to have dinner together?

B: ? .
.
Dinner? All right.
Then, Ill see you later.

UNIT 15 ?
143
Task 4: Roleplay ?

A: The pictures below depict some possible events that will affect your
partner. Choose one and ask your partner what they will do if it happens.
Refer to the example dialogue.

B: Answer your partners questions about what you would do if the events
shown below happened to you.

1. 2. 3. 4.

[ ] [ - Casual]
A:
?
A:
?
B:
.
B:
.
A:
?
A:
?
B:
.
B:
.

UNIT 15 ?
144
Task 5: Listening
(EXPONENT)
?
What will you do?
?
How will you do (it)?
Verb or Adjective stem + /
if Verb/Adjective
Verb stem + /
will Verb


money

weather

test

rain

travel

picnic

swimming

dancing

home

music

television

what
+
at

if (A is) sick

if (A) has lots (of B)

if (A is) nice/good

if (it's) hot

if (it's) cold

if (A is) difficult

if (A) doesnt have
(B)

if (A) comes

will have a rest

will go

will do

will dance

will cry

will watch

will listen to

UNIT 15 ?
145
You are going to hear some dialogues on supposition. Listen carefully and
draw lines connecting two pictures that are related. Ready? Listen!
.

a.

.

b.

.

c.

.

d.

.

e.

.

f.

.

g.

.

h.

UNIT 15 ?
146

UNIT 15 ?
147
Jihun is asking Minseo if she wants to see a movie today.
: , ?
: ? .
.
.
: ? .
: ?
.
: .
.

Vocabulary
[have+if] if youve got
? [see+to not go+will you]
do(nt) you want to go to see
assignment ( is the correct spelling, but
is more commonly used.)
[write+ have to+] have to write
[finish+ have to] have to finish
[due date+because]
[ cant+ oh well, never mind]
? [see+ ?] cant we see?
[I+(subject particle) not possible] I cant
[pick up+ go to+ have to]
have to go to pick up
UNIT 15 ?
148
Jihun: Minseoya, oneul sigan
isseumyeon gachi yeonghwa
boreo an gallae?
Minseo, do you wanna go see a
movie today? (Lit. If you have
time dont you want to go to see a
movie together?)
Minseo: Eotteokaji? Repoteu sseoya
haneunde. Oneulkkaji
kkeunnaeya dwae.
Naeiri jechullarigeodeun.
Oh, I have an assignment to do and
I have to finish it today.
Its due tomorrow.
(Lit. The due date is tomorrow.)
Jihun: Geurae? Geureom hal su
eopji mwo.
Really? Oh well
Minseo: Naeil bomyeon an dwae?
Naeireun sigan inneunde.
What about tomorrow?
(Lit. Cant we see it tomorrow?)
Im free tomorrow.
Jihun: Naeireun naega an dwae.
Gonghange nuna pigeopareo
gaya dwae.
I cant tomorrow.
I have to go to the airport to pick
up my sister.

UNIT 15 ?
149

UNIT 15 ?
150
Compulsion: +/ have to
When you must do something or are forced to do it without having any
choice, you can say:

Verb Stem +/ (Casual)

Verb Stem +/ (Polite)

Verb Stem +() (Honorific)

Rules:
a) If the last vowel of the verb stem is () or (): +
+ have to live

+ have to eat

c) If the verb stem ends in : changes to
- have to do

Alternatively, you could also use: Verb Stem + / . The
two forms are basically interchangeable.

Examples:
(1)
.
I must hand in the homework by
tomorrow.
(2)
.
.
I gained the weight a lot recently.
So, I have to do some exercise.
(3)
.
.
Tomorrow I have an exam.
I have to study.
(4)

.
Ive got something to do at home.
So, I have to go home early

UNIT 15 ?
151
Task 6: Complete the Sentences
Here is a list of things that you have to do. Complete the sentences by
matching each phrase with the appropriate location. The first one has been
done for you.

a.
(gift)
g.

b.
(return)
h.

c.

i.

d.
(exam)
j.

e.
(cut)
k.

f.

l.

1. .
2. (furniture shop) __________________________________.
3. __________________________________________________.
4. (hairdressers) ___________________________________.
5. _________________________________________________.
6. (park) ___________________________________________.
7. ______________________________________________.
8. ____________________________________________.
9. ______________________________________________.
10. ______________________________________________.
UNIT 15 ?
152
Task 7: Roleplay
A: Suggest that you and your partner go to a movie together today. If s/he
does not have time, write down the reason. Refer to the example
dialogue.
B: You cannot go to the movies today because you are busy. Choose one of
the reasons below and tell your partner.

[ - Casual]
A:
, ?
B:
? . .
A:
? . (Well, so be it.)

REASONS:
a. A friend is coming from Korea. So I have to go to the airport.
b.
Its my fathers birthday ( ) tomorrow.
So I have to buy a present.
c. There is a Korean test tomorrow. So I have to study.
d. My mother is giving a party this evening. So I have to clean the house.
e. My mother is giving a party this evening. So I have to go shopping.
f. I have my part-time job this evening. So I have to go to work.
g. There is a World Cup soccer match on TV this evening.
So I have to watch it.
h.
I have a job interview ( ) tomorrow.
So I have to get my hair cut

UNIT 15 ?
153
Reasons ()
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

UNIT 15 ?
154
Future Intention or Volunteering:
+() I will; let me
When we want to say we intend do something or we volunteer to do
something, we can use:

Verb Stem + () (Casual)

Verb Stem +() (Polite)

The subject of sentence must always be I or we when using this form.

Rules:
a) If the verb stem ends in a vowel: +.
. Let me explain.
b) If the verb stem ends in a consonant: +.
. I will quit smoking from today.

Examples:
(1) A:
.
Seon-young is not home.
B:
.
I will call again later.

(2) A:
.
I dont have a pencil.
B:
.
I will lend it to you.

(3) A:
.
The homework is too hard
B:
.
Ill help you.

(4) A:
?
Where will you wait?
B:
.
Ill wait in front of the library

UNIT 15 ?
155
(5) A:
?
Who wants to do this?
B:
.
Ill do it.

(6) A:
?
Are you ready to order?
B:
.
Were waiting for one more
person. (Lit. Well order when
one more person comes.)

(7) A:
?
What time is it now?

10.
10 oclock.
A:
, 10 .
.
Oh, Ive got class at 10.
Id better get going.
B:
. .
OK, see you later.

Grammar: Although both + and + translate as will there
is an important difference. + expresses the speakers intention to do
something, which is why it can only be used with I or we. Hence, it is a
much more specific than + which denotes any future action and can
be used with any subject.
UNIT 15 ?
156
Task 8: Roleplay
Your class has decided to have a party at your teachers house to celebrate the
successful completion of the semester. You are in charge of assigning jobs to
make the party happen. Go around the classroom asking what each classmate
wants to do. Write down their names beneath their jobs. Your teacher will tell
you what job you want to do.

1. 2. 3.

- - -
4. 5. 6.

- - -

[ ] [ - Casual]
A:
[ B ] ?
A:
?
B:

B:
.
A:
[ C ] .
A:
[ C ] .
B:

B:

UNIT 15 ?
157
Task 9: Complete the Dialogues
Below is a list of things you want to do. Complete the dialogues below using
the following expressions.
a. .
b. , .
c. .
d. .
e. , .

1.
A: ? ?
B: _______________________________________________________.
2.
A: ?

B: . . _______________________________________.
3.
A: , *. ?
B: _______________________________________________________.
4.
A: .
B: _______________________________________________________.
5.
A: , . .
B: _______________________________________________________.
(*+: heavy)
UNIT 15 ?
158
Dong-jun has written an email to a girl he likes, Seong-eun.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

Vocabulary

fitness club
[go+] on my way to

say hello
[ can't do(past tense)] couldnt do

next week

body-building competition

exercise
have to do
[go+] Ill go
UNIT 15 ?
159

I wonder (if)
[time have+if] if (you) have time

sometime
[tasty+thing] something delicious
[buy+ for you+Ill] Ill buy

again
[contact+Ill] Ill contact (you)

1. Where was Dong-jun going when he saw Seong-eun yesterday?
2. Why couldnt he say hello to Seong-eun yesterday?

3. Why has Dong-jun been going to the fitness club?
4. What has Dong-jun offered to do?

UNIT 15 ?
160
Task 11: Listening
(EXPONENT)
Verb stem + /?
Do you want to Verb?
Verb stem + /
I will Verb.


this (time)

weekend
+
to; at

what

who

rice
+
and

kimchi
?
shall we do?

vegetables

Mt. Dobong

go on a picnic/to have fun

fine
?
How about?

Korean B.B.Q beef

I will make and bring
?
want to bring...?

I will bring
?
want to prepare...?

O.K.

I will prepare
UNIT 15 ?
161
You will hear , and arranging a picnic. Write down the
corresponding letter of the picture that describes the item that each person
will bring. Ready? Listen!

1. : ________ 2. : ________ 3. : ________

.

.

.

.

UNIT 15 ?
162

16
?

Unit Focus:
Talking about Locations

o Location
+ is/are at ...
o Vocabulary: Positions
o Vocabulary: House
o Housing in Korea

UNIT 16 ?
164

UNIT 16 ? 165
Amanda is asking a receptionist about the location of a cafe.
: , .
: ?
: ?
: ! ? 8 .

.

Vocabulary

excuse me

cafe

what (number)

floor
[right+to] to the right
[go+(honorific infix)+if] if you go
[there is+] formal expression of

Amanda: J eo, yeogiyo. Excuse me.
Receptionist: Ne? Yes?
Amanda: Yeogi kapega myeot
cheunge isseoyo?
Which floor is the caf on?
Receptionist: A! Kapeyo?
Palcheunge itseumnida.
J eogi oreunjjogeuro
gasimyeon ellibeiteo
itseumnida.
(Oh,) the caf?
Its on the 8th floor.
If you go down there and turn
right youll come to the elevator.
(Lit. If you go to the right over
there, there elevator is there.)
UNIT 16 ?
166
Location: + is/are at ...
When we want to talk about where something is located, we add the particle
+ to a place word and use the verb :

Place + (Casual)

Place + (Polite)

Examples:
(1)
A: ?
Where is the shoe shop?

B: ? 1 .
The shoe shop?
Its on the 1st (ground) floor.
(2)
A: ?
Where is Sumi now?

B: .
Shes in her room.
(3)
A: ?
Where is the telephone?

B: .
Its next to the lift.
(4)
A: ?
Where is the bank?

B: .
Its behind the post office.
(5)
A: ?
Where do you live?

B: .
I live near the university.

Grammar Note: The difference between + and +
The location of an activity is usually followed by +(e.g.
. I am watching TV in the living room.). However, the
place where someone or something is located is followed by the particle +.
UNIT 16 ? 167
Task 1: Roleplay ?
Practice this roleplay with a partner. When you have finished, swap roles.

A: You are working at an information desk in a shopping centre. Write
down what floor the following places can be found on.

B: You want to find the following places in a shopping centre. Ask the
information desk receptionist which floor you can find each place on.

a. b. c. d. e. f.

g. h. i. j. k. l.

[ ]
A:
,
A:
,
B:
?
B:
?
A:
?
A:
?
B:
? 7 .
B:
(basement) 1.

UNIT 16 ?
168
Task 2: Listening
(EXPONENT)
A(shops)/ ?
Where is A (located)?
(A /) B .
(A) is in floor B.


cinema; theater

restaurant

supermarket

bank

post office

coffee shop

floor counting noun

where
+
in Sino-Korean numbers up to 6

You are going to hear customers asking at a shopping centre information
desk which floor the following shops are located on. Write down the letter
of the shops on the relevant floor of the building. Ready? Listen!

a. b. c. d. e. f.

6

5

4

3

2

1

UNIT 16 ? 169

UNIT 16 ?
170
Task 3: Listening
(EXPONENT)
A(things)/ ?
Where is A (located)?
A / B .
A is in the shelf No. B.


thank you

shelf

grape(s)

banana

milk

coke

beef

cheese

tomato ketchup

coffee

beer

sweets

where
+
in

number counting noun
Sino-Korean numbers up to 12

You are going to hear some dialogue about locations. As you see in the
picture below, you do not know the location of the items that you are
looking for. Listen for each item and its location and write down the number
of the shelf that holds each item in the blank space next to it. Ready? Listen!

UNIT 16 ? 171

1

2

3

4 5

6 7

8 9

10 11

12

Shopping List

1.

6.

2.

7.

3.

8.

4.

9.

5.

10.

UNIT 16 ?
172

UNIT 16 ? 173
Hyeonu is looking for a ruler that he misplaced.
: , ? .

?
: ? , .
: .
: .
:
1
?
: , .
: . . .

Vocabulary
? [go+(past tense infix)+I wonder] did it go?

definitely
[there is+(past tense infix)+] was here

by any chance (used for politeness in requests)

ruler

desk
[top+(place particle)] on

drawer
[see+ try] have a look
top drawer (The word means on top of but when you use it
together with another noun it becomes . Its like in English
where we say upper or top when we are describing
something. Similarly, becomes , meaning bottom
or lower.)
UNIT 16 ?
174

bottom drawer
[here there is+(exclamatory ending)] Oh! Here it is!
is pronounced (yeoginne).
[find+(past tense ending)] found

Hyeonu: Eo, eodi gatji?
Bunmyeonghi yeogi
isseonneunde.
Neo hoksi ja isseo?

Oh, where did it go?
I'm sure it was here...
Do you have a ruler by any
chance?
Minjun: J a? Eo, chaeksang wie. Ruler? Yeah, on my desk.

Hyeonu: Chaeksang wie eomneunde.

Itaeksang wie e
Minjun: Geureomyeon chaeksang
seorap hanbeon bwa bwa.
Then check the drawer.
(Lit. Then take a look in the
drawer.)

Hyeonu: Wit seorap? The top drawer?

Minjun: Ani, araet seorap. No, bottom drawer.

Hyeonu: A. Yeoginne.
Chajasseo.
Oh, there it is.
Found it.

UNIT 16 ? 175

UNIT 16 ?
176
Vocabulary: Positions
When you want to specify the position of something, you can use the
following words:

Position Word + (location particle)

in front of

behind

on, above
/
below, under

inside, in

outside

to the right of

to the left of

next to

near

opposite

on the other side
A B
between A and B
()
where; somewhere

this side
()
here

the other side
()
there

over there
()
over there

Examples:
(1)
A: ?
Is there a florist around here?

B: , .
Yes, its next to the bakery

(2)
A: ?
Where is a supermarket?

B: .
Its in front of the pharmacy

(3)
A: ?
Where is a fruit shop?

B: .
Its on the right of the florist.
UNIT 16 ? 177
(4)
A: ?
Where is the cinema?

B: .
Its behind the bank.
(5)
A: ?
Where is a video shop?

B: .
Its opposite the post office.

(6)
A: ?
Where is the ball-point pen?

B: .
Its on the desk.

A: .
Its not on the desk.

(7)
A: ?
Where is the restroom here?

B: .
Its next to the lift over there.

(8) (on the phone)

A: ?
Where are you now?

B: .
In front of the library.

If you want to specify the position of any activity, you should use +,
instead of + as in examples (9) and (10).

(9)
A: ?
Where shall we meet?

B: .
Lets meet in front of the uni.

(10)

.
I sang a song in front of many
people.

UNIT 16 ?
178
Task 4: Roleplay ?
A: You are sharing a house with a friend who always uses things and then
leaves them in strange places. Find out where they have put the
following items, and write down their locations underneath.

Vocabulary: table, sofa, chair, bookcase,
floor

Write Korean location words next to the English ones.
in front of behind

on, above below, under

on the right of on the left of

next to opposite to

between A and B where

[ ]

[ - Casual]
A:
?
A:
?
B:
.
B:
.
UNIT 16 ? 179
B: Your housemate wants to know where you have put the following
items. First decide where you have put them and then answer their
questions.

Write Korean location words next to the English ones.
in front of behind

on, above below, under

on the right of on the left of

next to opposite to

between A and B where

[ ]

[ - Casual]
A:
?
A:
?
B:
.
B:
.
UNIT 16 ?
180
Task 5: Listening
(EXPONENT)
A(place)/ ?
Where is A?
A(place)/ B(place) .
A is next to B.
A is on the right of B.
A is on the left of B.


bank

cinema house

information

bakery

hospital

coffee shop

supermarket

flower shop

post office

men's room

lady's room

restaurant

video shop

fruit shop

bookshop

cosmetics shop

department store

next to

on the left of

on the right of

UNIT 16 ? 181
You are going to hear people asking the lady in the information desk of
the new shopping centre about the location of the following shops. Listen
carefully and write down the shop names in the appropriate places on the
floor plan. Ready? Listen!

a. b. c. d.

You are here

UNIT 16 ?
182
Task 6: Listening
(EXPONENT)
A(place)/ ?
Where is A?
A(place)/ B(place) C .
A is between B and C.
A is opposite to B.

A B
between A and B

opposite to

You are going to hear more dialogue about locations. Listen carefully
and write down the shop names in the appropriate places on the floor plan.
Ready? Listen!
a. b. c. d.

You are here

UNIT 16 ? 183
Task 7: Writing
Your housemate wants to know where you have put the items below. Use
the information to answer each of the following questions.

a. book: on the sofa
b. newspaper: under the chair
c. phone: on the table
d. bag: next to sofa
e. shoes: in front of the sofa
f. umbrella: next to the bookcase
1. ? .
2. ? _______________________________.
3. ? _______________________________.
4. ? _______________________________.
5. ? _______________________________.
6. ? _______________________________.
UNIT 16 ?
184

UNIT 16 ? 185
Minseo has just come back home and is looking for Sujeong.
: ?
: , .

, ?
: .
: ? ?
: .
: .

Vocabulary

where
? [ go+()and then come+(past)] you went?

the city

just
[kitchen+in] in the kitchen (pronounced bueoke.)

dont know
[ ] (I) am here( is pronounced yeogisseo.)

Amanda: Eodi gatda wasseo? Have you been somewhere?
Minseo: Eo, sinaee jom. Geunde,
sujeongi jigeum eodi isseo?
Yeah, J ust to the city.
Hey, where is Su-jeong?
Amanda: Bueoke. In the kitchen.
Minseo: Bueoke?
Geogiseo mwo hae?
In the kitchen?
Whats she doing out there?
Amanda: Molla. Dunno.
Sujeong: Na yeogisseo. Im here.
UNIT 16 ?
186
Vocabulary: House

house

layout

one story house

two story house

downstairs

upstairs

garden

door

window

stairs

room

master bedroom

bedroom

living room

bathroom

toilet

laundry

basement
/
kitchen

dining room

store room

garage

UNIT 16 ? 187
Housing in Korea
There are three main types of housing in Korea:

Apartment
In 2005, 53% of Koreas population was housed in apartment buildings.
These are typically over ten stories high and grouped together in large
complexes, with private security and a shared garden and/or childrens play
area.

House
There are relatively few houses in large cities due to the price of land.
However, they are still common in rural areas. You can see houses newly
built in the traditional Korean style in some wealthier residential areas.

Villa
In Korea, the term villa refers to housing which is more spacious and more
expensive than an ordinary apartment. Villas buildings are smaller than
apartment buildings, and a watchman and a manager take care of security
and maintenance.

UNIT 16 ?
188
Task 8: Roleplay ?
A: You are sharing the house below with , , , , ,
, , , and your partner. You have just come home and
want to know where everybody is and what they are up to. When your
partner gives you the information, use it to identify the figures in the
picture below. Write down the appropriate name next to the person.

[ 1 - Casual] [ 2]
A:
?
A:
?
B:
, .
,
?
B:
, .
,
?
A:
(basement).
A:
.
B:
? ?
B:
?
A:
(table-tennis) .
A:
.

UNIT 16 ? 189
B: You are sharing the house below with , , , , ,
, , , and your partner. Your partner has just come
home and wants to know where everybody is and what they are doing.
Answer their questions according to the information given in the
picture below.

[ 1 - Casual] [ 2]
A:
?
A:
?
B:
, .
,
?
B:
, .
,
?
A:
(basement).
A:
.
B:
? ?
B:
?
A:
(table-tennis) .
A:
.

UNIT 16 ?
190
Task 9: Listening
(EXPONENT)
A(people)/ ?
Where is A?
A B .
A is in B.
?
What is/are he/she/they doing there?


where
+
in
+
in
+
with

there

bedroom

living room

garage

dining room

cellar

toilet

bathroom

kitchen

basement

garden

television

meal/food

food

watching

making

sleeping

having a bath

playing table tennis

UNIT 16 ? 191
You are sharing the house below with , , , , ,
, , and . As you have just come home, you don't know
where they are or what they are doing. You are asking about them. Listen
for the locations and activities and write the names of people in the
appropriate rooms. Ready? Listen!

UNIT 16 ?
192
The following are housing advertisements in a Korean community
newspaper.

Clayton 5

SHARE
Glenferrie 1

2 1

100

TO LET
Box Hill 3
1 1
, 200,

Vocabulary

boarding

station
[newly built two story house]

own room
[furniture fully equipped] fully furnished

laundry

supplied

wireless

possibility; available
UNIT 16 ? 193
[quiet+and clean+] quiet and clean

apartment
[female student preference]
2 1 [2 people 1room] shared room for 2 people

electricity

gas

include
100 [ per week 100$100] $100 per week

and
[ railway station+()from]

distance

bathroom
/
carport/garage

1. What station is the boarding house near? How far away is it?

2. Which services are provided by the boarding house?

3. How much is the shared house rent? What is included in the rent?

4. What sort of room do you get in the shared house?

5. What is nearby to the flat?

6. Which of the three places is best for a car owner? Why?

UNIT 16 ?
194
Susans flatmate will be going back to her own country in a months time so
Susan is looking for a new one. Susan has heard that a Korean classmate,
Mina, is looking for a room, so she has emailed her.

,
.
?
?

.
, .
.

10 .
, , , .
.
160.

, ?
.

UNIT 16 ? 195
Vocabulary

still

dormitory
? [live+question ending] Do you live?
[(casual present tense from)]
inconvenient

next month
[backgo+(casual present tense ending)]
go back
[roommate+(subject p.)
{needed(casual present tense from)}]
[quiet+and {clean(casual
present tense from)}] quite and clean

laundry room

Korean supermarket
+
too; also
[close+(casual present tense ending)]

gas

electricity

including
per week [week +per]
?
What do you think about it?
? [interest there is/has+(casual present tense
ending)] interested?
[(casual present tense from)]
contact (me)
UNIT 16 ?
196
1. Where does Susan live and with whom?

2. Why does Susan need a new roommate?

3. How many bedrooms does the apartment have?

4. What other rooms are there?

5. Can Min-A easily buy Korean food nearby?

6. How much would Min-A have to pay per week including gas and
electricity?

UNIT 16 ? 197
Task 12: Word Check
Match these words: here is a list of vocabulary related to the house. Write
down the Korean words next to the equivalent English words. The first one
is done for you.

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

h.

i.

j.

k.

l.
/
m.

n.

1. living room 8. garden
2. stairs 9. basement
3. bathroom 10. garage
4. door 11. storeroom
5. bedroom 12. window
6. kitchen 13. toilet
7. dining room 14. bathroom
UNIT 16 ?
198
Task 13: Writing
You need to find a housemate. Write an advertisement for a Korean
community newspaper.

17
6

Unit Focus:
Talking about Travel

o Vocabulary: Transportation
o Public Transportation in Seoul
o Travel Time
? How long does it take?
o Taking Transport
+/ /
o Transferring to Another Means of Transport
+()

UNIT 17 6
200
UNIT 17 6
201
Amanda is at a bus stop on her way to Lotte Department Store.
: ?
1: .
(A bus pulls up.)
: ?
1: , . 161 .
(Another bus pulls up.)
: ! ?
2: , .

Vocabulary

bus going/that goes to Lotte Department Store
? [stop+(present tense ending)] stop?
? [go+(present tense ending)] goes?

number
[get on/board+(honorific present tense
ending- asking someone to do something)] get on

Excuse me! (Lit. uncle; addressing a man)
? [go+ right] goes, right?

quickly

UNIT 17 6

202
Amanda: Yeogi Lotte baekhwajeom
ganeun beoseu seoyo?
Does the bus to Lotte
Department Store stop here?
Person 1: Ye. Yes.
A bus pulls up.
Amanda: Lotte baekhwajeom gayo? Is this going to Lotte
Department Store?
Bus driver 1: Aniyo, an gayo.
161beon beoseu taseyo.
No.
Take bus number 161.
Another bus pulls up.
Amanda: Ajeossi! I beoseu lotte
baekhwajeom gajyo?
Excuse me! Is this going to
Lotte Department Store?
Bus driver 2: Ne, ppalli taseyo. Yes, please hop on quickly.

UNIT 17 6

203
Task 1: Roleplay
A: You are Korean exchange student who has come to Monash University.
Ask your partner how to get to the places you want to go.

B: Your Korean friend is asking you how to get to the places s/he wants to
go. Provide them with the information. Refer to the example dialogue
below.

Buses stopping at the Clayton bus loop:
Bus No. Route
630 between Elwood and Monash University
631 between Waverly Gardens SC and Southland shopping centre
691 between Bayswater and Waverley Gardens
703 between Blackburn and Middle Brighton
733 between Box Hill and Oakleigh
737 between Croydon and Monash University
802
804
862
different routes between Dandenong and Chadstone shopping
centre

[ - Casual]
A: [ ] ?
B: , [ ] .
or
B: , .

UNIT 17 6

204
Vocabulary: Transportation

Type of Transportation Name of Stop

train
() /
railway station

ship; boat

wharf; jetty

bus
()
bus stop

express bus
terminal

boat

airplane

airport

motorcycle

yacht

car

bicycle

tram

tram stop

electric railway

electric railway
station

subway

subway station

1
subway line 1

taxi

taxi rank

truck

UNIT 17 6

205
Transportation Related Nouns
/
timetable

fare

transportation card

ticket
rush hour (or )

Transportation Related Verbs & Adjectives
[+(present tense ending)] take; get on; board; ride
[+] get off
[+] go by foot
[ +] take; catch (to go)
[ +] change; transfer (transport/vehicle)
[] depart
[] arrive
[+] take (how long)

it takes a long time
[+] near; close
[+] far

Other Expressions
Melbourne Seoul
from Seoul to Melbourne

bus going/that goes to the city
UNIT 17 6

206
Public Transportation in Seoul
Bus:
There are four types of buses: blue, green, red and yellow. Blue buses (
) travel the major routes between downtown Seoul and its satellite
cities. Green buses ( ) serve the routes between subway stations and
nearby residential areas. Red buses ( ) serve routes between
major areas (downtown, Gangnam, Yeongdeungpo, etc.) and metropolitan
satellite cities (Ilsan, Bundang, Uijeongbu, etc.). Yellow buses ( )
travel circular belt roads in the downtown and the major metropolitan areas.

Taxi:
There two types of taxis: regular () and deluxe (). Deluxe
taxis provide better service and are more comfortable, However they are also
more expensive. You can distinguish deluxe taxis by their black colouring.
Taxis can be booked over the phone or hailed on the street. Regular taxis are
permitted to double hire so even if a taxi is occupied you can still hail it. Call
out your destination to passing taxi drivers, and if they are going your way,
they will stop and pick you up. Regular taxi fares are very cheap, making
them a convenient form of public transport. The flip side is that the drivers
have difficulty in making a decent living. As a result they generally drive fast
to earn more fares and may be rude if you are travelling only a short distance.

Subway: /
The word (train) is used to refer to long distance inter-city trains. Within
a city people refer to either the (subway) or the (above ground
electric train). The Seoul subway system is extensive, allowing convenient
travel to most areas of Seoul.

For further information:
http://www.lifeinkorea.com/Information/practical.cfm#Transportation

UNIT 17 6

207
Task 2: Word Check
Match these Korean words with their English equivalents. The first one is
done for you.

a.

f.

b.

g.

c.

h.

d.

i.

e.

j.

1. train
2. airplane
3. bicycle
4. bus
5. car
6. motorcycle
7. ship
8. subway
9. taxi
10. tram

UNIT 17 6

208

UNIT 17 6

209
Paul has left the dormitory to go to a house near the university.
: .
: ? ?
1
?
: . .

10
: ? ? ?
: , .

, .

Vocabulary
[dormitory+from] out of the domitory
[outcome+(past tense ending)] left; came out
? [move house+(past tense ending)]
did you move (house)?
[uni+from]
[vicinity+is] is in the vicinity of
[close+(casual present tense ending)] close to; near
[walk+by doing] on foot
A+
not more than A
[take amount of time+] takes (amount of time)
?
What do you think about..?; How is..?

bus stop
[near+and+(polite particle)] near and
[ not really far+(casual present tense ending)]

UNIT 17 6

210
Note 1: In Korean, there are two different ways to show a starting point. To
show a starting point in time, use the particle +, to show a starting point
in space, use +.

Example:
A:
?
Have you got a class today?
B:
, 2 4 .
Yes, I have a class from 2 oclock to 4
oclock.

Paul: J eo gisuksaeseo nawasseoyo. I moved out of the dormitory.
(Lit. I came out of the
dormitory.)
Minjun: Geurae? Eodiro isahaesseo?
Hakgyoeseo1 gakkawo?
Really? Where did you move to?
Are you close to uni?
Paul: Ne. Hakgyo geuncheoyeyo.
Georeoseo 10 bunbakke an
geollyeoyo.
Yeah, its close to uni.
Its a 10 minute walk at most.
(Lit. It takes no more than ten
minutes on foot.)
Minjun: Geurae? J ip eottae? J oa? Yeah? How is the house? Good?
Paul: Ne, gwaenchanayo.
Beoseu jeongnyujangdo
gakkapgoyo, syopingsentado
byeollo an meoreoyo.

Yeah, its okay.
Its close to the bus stop and not
very far from the shopping
centre.

UNIT 17 6

211
Travel Time
? How long does it take?
When asking how much time something takes we can use the expression:

? (Casual- neutral ending )

?
(Casual- feminine ending)

?
(Casual- masculine ending)

? (Polite)

The answer to ()? is as follows:
Period of Time ()

Examples:
(1)
A:
?
How long does it take from your
home to school?

B: .
It takes about 10 minutes on foot.
(2)

.
It takes 50 minutes by car
from home to the office.
(3)
A:
KTX ?
How long does it take
from Seoul to Pusan by KTX
(Korea Train Express)?

B: .
It takes about 3 hours.
(4)
A: ?
Have you finished your
homework?

B: . .
Yes, but it took a long time.
(5)
A:
. ?
I want to send this parcel to USA.
How long will it take?

B: .
About a week.
UNIT 17 6

212
Task 3: Roleplay ?
A: You are a Korean exchange student in Melbourne who wants to travel
around in Australia. Ask your fiend how long it takes to get to the places
below.

B: Your Korean friend is asking you how long it takes to get to the
following places. Tell them how many hours you think it will take if
they use a particular mode of transport. You should be able to use five
different modes of transport in this roleplay. Refer to the example
dialogue below.

[ - Casual]
A: [ ] ?
B: [ ] [ ].

Note: is about.

UNIT 17 6

213
Task 4: Listening
(EXPONENT)
A(means of transportation) ? How long does it take by A?
A .
It takes A hour(s).


how long

takes (amount of time)

hour(s)

ah... let me see... well...

New York

Chicago

San Francisco

Los Angeles
Pure Korean numbers up to 18 Sino-Korean numbers up to 40

This time, Paul and Amanda are talking about their travel plan around the
U.S.A. Listen for the traveling times and places of departure and arrival.
Draw arrows connecting places of departure and arrival and write along these
arrows the traveling times. Ready? Listen!

UNIT 17 6

214
Taking Transport: +/ / take ...
When we want to say that we go or come by a particular mode of transport,
add +/ / to the noun for the means of transport. The
expression literally means get on the means of transport and then go/come.

The rules:
a) If the noun ends in a vowel: +
.
I came by taxi.

b) If the noun ends in a consonant: +
.
I took the subway.

Examples:
(1)
A: ?
How do you get to uni?

B: .
By bus.

(2)
A: () ?
Do you go to the market by bus?

B: , () .
No, I take the subway.

(3)
A: .
I went to Busan yesterday (and
came back).

B: ?
Did you go there by train?

A: , .
No, I drove my car.

(4)
A: ?
How shall we get there?
(Lit. What shall we get on and go?)

B: .
Lets catch a taxi.

UNIT 17 6

215
Task 5: Roleplay ?
First fill in the blanks with your details.
___________/.
_____________ .
(________________) ________ .
(or . / . I come to uni by car.)
________ .

Now ask each of your classmates where they live, how they come to school,
and how long it takes them. The example dialogues will help you.
NAME SUBURB TRANSPORTATION TIME REQUIRED

[ 1] [ 2 - Casual]
A: [ ] , ? A: ?
B: [ Richmond ] .
B: [ Richmond ].
A: , ? A: , ?
B: [ ] . B: [ ].
A:
?
A: [ ]?
?
B: [ 50 ] . B: [ 50 ].

UNIT 17 6

216
Task 6: Listening
(EXPONENT)
?
Where is your house?
A(area) .
I live in A.
?/ ?
How do you come to school?
A(means of transportation) .
I come by A.
?
How long does it take?
A (hours) B (minutes) .
It takes about A hour(s) and
B minutes.


car

taxi

train

bicycle

bus

house

live

what

school (meaning includes
university/college)
+
by (mode of
transport)

take/s (time)

hour(s)

minutes

how long

come by A(mode of
transport)
+
about
Pure Korean numbers up to 12
Sino-Korean numbers up to 50 (going up in fives)
Melbourne suburbs: Richmond, Boxhill, Glen Waverley, Hawthorn, Clayton

UNIT 17 6

217
You are going to hear some dialogue about how people get to school and
how long it takes from home to school. Listen for the means of transportation
and the time taken. Write down the time and the names of those who are using
each means of transportation in the appropriate box. Ready? Listen!

Name Time

________ ________

________ ________

________ ________

________ ________

________ ________

UNIT 17 6

218

UNIT 17 6

219
Amanda is asking for directions to Korea University in the subway station.
: ?
: 6

.
: ?
: .
: ! , .

Vocabulary
[+()] from here

(an abbreviation for) Korea University

how
6
subway line 6
[catch+and] catch and
[Korea University station+at]
[get off++ ] should get off (polite)

how long
? [take+?(soft question ending)] does it take?
[take+] takes
.....
about . or so

UNIT 17 6

220
Amanda: Yeogiseo Goryeo daehakgyo
eotteoke gayo?
How can I get to Korea
University from here?
Staff: J ihacheol yukhoseon tago
goryeodaeyeogeseo naerisimyeon
dwaeyo.
Take subway line 6 and
then get off at Korea
University station.
Amanda: Eolmana geollinayo? How long does it take?
Staff: Eum..yak osip bunjjeum
geollyeoyo.
Ah It takes about 50
minutes.
Amanda: A! Ne, gamsahamnida. Ah! I see. Thank you.

UNIT 17 6

221

UNIT 17 6

222
Transferring to Another Means of Transport:
+()
It is often necessary to change from one means of transport to another. The
way to describe this in Korean is to say how you travelled on the first means
of transport, using the pattern from the previous section, and then add that you
transfer to another means of transport using the pattern:

Rules:
a) If the noun ends in a vowel or consonant : +

A: ?
How do you come to school?

B: .
.
I catch the train to Seoul station.
There I change to a bus.

( literally means switch and get on.)

b) If the noun ends in a consonant (except consonant ): +

A: ?
How can I get to Seoul National
University from here?

B: 2

.
Take subway line 2, get off at
Seoul Natl Uni station and then
change to a bus.

Examples:
(1)
6
2
.
Take subway line 6 and then
change to line 2 at Sindang
Station.

(2)
83
28
.
Take bus no 83 from here and then
switch to no 28 at Dongdaemun.

UNIT 17 6

223
In fact, examples (1) and (2) above use +() , although there is
no change in a means of transport. It is because they contain specific
information such as subway line 6 and subway line 2 in (1) and bus no 83
and no 28 in (2).

However, if you just want to say you change trams, trains, buses or planes,
you should use +/ instead of +() as in (3)
and (4).

(3)
A:
?
Do you go direct from Melbourne
to Seoul?

B: ,
.
No, I change planes at Sydney.

(4) (on the subway)

.
Passengers transferring to the
Inchon line should change trains at
the next station.
UNIT 17 6

224
Task 7: Roleplay ?
A: You are a tourist in Seoul. Ask people how to get to the places in the left
column. Refer to the example dialogue. When the person gives you the
information, complete the details in the table below.

You are at Destination Subway line Arriving Station
3

*

Museum
3

Gyeongbokgung
Palace
3

Ambassador
Hotel

3

Express Bus
Terminal

Dongdaemun
Stadium

Olympic Park

Suwon (City)

(* (museum) is pronounced pang-mul-kwan.)

[ ]
A:
[ ] ?
B:
[ 3 ]

[ ] .
A:
.

UNIT 17 6

225
B: A tourist wants to know how to get to the places in the left column.
Provide them with the information listed in the table. Refer to the
example dialogue.

You are at Destination Subway line Arriving Station
3

*

Museum
3

Gyeongbokgung
Palace
3

Ambassador
Hotel
3

Dongguk
University
3

Express Bus
Terminal
3

Dongdaemun
Stadium

Olympic Park
3

Suwon (City)
1

(* (museum) is pronounced pang-mul-kwan.)

[ ]
A:
[ ] ?
B:
[ 3 ]

[ ] .
A:
.
UNIT 17 6

226
Task 8: Listening
(EXPONENT)
A/.
My name is A.
A(place) .
I work in A.
A(place) B(place) .
I go from A to B on foot.
A(place) B(place)
C(means of transportation) .
I go from A to B by C.


Car

bicycle

Train

house

restaurant

hairdresser's

company/office

bank

name

work

takes (amount of time)

go

on foot
+
in; from
+
about
+
by

minutes

I (humble expression)

my (humble expression)

UNIT 17 6

227
You can see in the picture some people going to their workplaces. Four of
them will introduce themselves to you. Listen carefully and see if you can
identify which four people they are. Write down the letters of the pictures that
describe what you hear, names of the four and how long it takes them to travel
from home to work in the appropriate spaces. Ready? Listen!

1. / : / 2. / : /
3. / : / 4. / : /

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

h.

UNIT 17 6

228
Task 9: Extended Situation Dialogue
Susan is explaining to her friend, Dongjun, how to get to the city from
Monash University.

:
: ? .
: ?
: .

630 Huntingdale .

City Flinders St .
: Flinders St ?
: .
: ?
: .

Vocabulary

from here

the city; city centre

bus to the city

how

complicated

first of all

station
[+] get off

from there

should go

how long
[+] takes
...
about or so
UNIT 17 6

229
Task 10: Roleplay
A: You are a Korean exchange student who has come to Monash
University. Ask your partner how to get to the places in the rightmost
column.
B: Your Korean friend is asking you how to get to the places in the
rightmost column. Provide them with the information listed in the table.
Refer to the example dialogue below.

You are at Transport 1 Transferring Transport 2 Arriving
Monash Bus 802 - - Chadstone
Carlton Tram - - St Kilda
Clayton Train
Southern
Cross Station
Sky Bus Airport
Monash Bus 630
Huntingdale
Station
Train
City (Flinders
St Station)
Caulfield Train
Flinders St
Station
Tram
Melbourne
University

[ 1] For a trip without transfers
A: _____________ ?
B: _____________ .
or
B: ____________ Tram ____________ .

[ 2] For a trip with transfers
A: _____________ ?
B: ____________ ____________ ____________ .
_____________ _____________ .

UNIT 17 6

230
Amanda is writing an email to a Korean friend in Australia describing aspects
of being a student at Korea University.
,
? ? ^^ ?
?
. .
. , .
? .
.

Vocabulary
,
names (female)
?
How are you? (Lit. Are you well?)

been a while, hasnt it?

name (male)
? [ +?(tag question ending)]
doing well? (Lit. you are well, arent you?)

boarding house
? [find +(past tense)+(casual question ending?]
did you find (it)?
UNIT 17 6

231
[move house+(past tense infix)+(casual
ending)] moved (house)

Chamshil is a suburb just south of the Han River in Seoul
and is where the Olympic Stadium is located.
[far+(casual present tense ending)] far
[face see+lets]
Lets try to catch up
(Lit. Lets see each others faces sometime)

often
[contact+(casual present tense ending)]
keep in touch (Lit. contact); pronounced yeollakae

1. Where does Amanda live and with whom?

2. How does she go to university?

3. How long does it take?

UNIT 17 6

232
Task 12: Listening
(EXPONENT)
A/.
My name is A.
A B(place) .
A work(s) in B.
A(place) B(place)
C .
It takes (me) C minutes
from A to B on foot.
A(place) B(place)
C(means of transportation)
D .
It takes (me) D minutes
from A to B by C.


bank

company/office

hotel

school; campus

library

supermarket

hairdresser's

factory

pharmacy

travel agency

coffee shop

hospital; doctors
clinic*

garage (car repair shop)

post office

shoe shop

house

restaurant

bicycle

motorcycle

train

taxi

car

bus

name

my

our
+
in; from

on foot
+
by

minutes
UNIT 17 6

233
+
about

I

work

takes (time)

teach

works (honorific form)

teaches
(honorific form)

father

mother

elder brother to a male

elder brother to a female

elder sister to a female

elder sister to a male
Sino-Korean numbers up to 50 (going up in fives)

You are going to hear four stories that tell you about four families shown
in the picture below. A family member will tell you where each member of
his or her family works, how they get to work and how long it takes from the
house to each place of work. For each family member draw a line connecting
his/her mode of transport to the correct work place. Write in along this line
the travelling time and that particular person's names or relationship to the
speaker (e.g. , ). Ready? Listen!

1.

UNIT 17 6

234
2.

3.

4.

UNIT 17 6

235

UNIT 17 6

236
Task 13: Listening
(EXPONENT)
?
What shall we do?
?
Where shall we go?
A(place) .
Let's go to A.
?
How shall we get there?
A(place) B(place)
C(means of transportation) .
Let's go from A to B by C.
Verb stem +/?
Shall we (verb)?
Verb stem +/.
Let's (verb).


what

where;
somewhere

bus

train

car

travel
+
and
+
to; at (place)
+
by

and

then; in that case

by the way;
but

fine

let's go

let's come
?
Shall we come?
?
Shall we go?

during school holidays

Let's go
travelling

Adelaide

Alice Springs

Gold Coast

Melbourne

UNIT 17 6

237
You are going to hear the dialogue in which Thomas and Susan are talking
about their travel plan around Australia during school holidays. Listen for the
means of transportation and places of departure and arrival. Draw arrows
connecting places of departure and arrival and write in along these arrows the
means of transportation. Ready? Listen!

UNIT 17 6

238
Task 14: Writing
A friend at a different university needs to travel to your university library to
borrow a book. Write a set of instructions explaining how to get from your
friends university to yours by public transport, including how long each
stage will take. (Choose two universities that are far apart.)

18

Unit Focus:
Describing and Comparing Things
Making Contrasting Statements
Talking about the Weather

o Comparing
+ () (more) than
o Vocabulary: Four Seasons
o Vocabulary: Weather
o Contrasting
+ but

UNIT 18

240

UNIT 18
241
Minjun is looking to buy a car.
: , ?
: . ?
: , , .

.
: ?
: ... .

Vocabulary

car
[all right+(soft ending)] is all right
?
Do you like it?

this one

too
[expensive+(soft ending)] expensive

Corolla
+
than; compared to

size
+
too; as well
[more small+and] smaller and

Civic

price
[all right+but] is all right but

colour

no good

UNIT 18

242
Minjun: Ya, i cha eottae? Hey, what do you think of this
car?
Hyeonu: Gwaenchaneunde.
Maeume deureo?
Its alright.
Do you like it?
Minjun: Eo, geunde, igeo neomu
bissande. Korollaboda keugido
deo jakgo.
Yeah, but its too expensive.
And its smaller than a Corolla
too.
Hyeonu: Geureom i sibigeun? Well what about this Civic
then?
Minjun: Geulsse...
Gagyeogeun gwaenchaneunde
saekkkari byeolloya.
Well
The price is alright but
I dont really like the colour.

UNIT 18

243

UNIT 18

244
Comparing: + () (more) than
When you want to compare two nouns, you can use the particle + after
the second noun as an equivalent to the English word than. The word
(more) is optional.

(1)
() .
Australia is bigger than Korea.

(2)
() .
This dress is cheapher than that
one.

When we are making a comparison that is less, we need to include the word
(less).

(3)
.
Today is less cold than yesterday.

(4)

.
Melbourne is less cold than Seoul
in winter.

Examples:
(5)
A: ? (casual)
Which one is tastier?

B: . They are all the same

(6)
.
Susan studies better than me.

(7)
.
My older brother is one year older
than me.

(8)
.
(or )
My younger sister is two years
younger than me.

(9)
.
Its much simpler than it seems.

(10)
.
Its harder than it seems.

UNIT 18

245
(11)
.
Its no harder than I thought.

(12)

This is tastier than I thought.

(13)
.
Its tastier than it looks.

(14)
.
Its heavier than it looks.

(15)
.
This is easier than it looks.

UNIT 18

246
Task 1: Roleplay .
A: You are going to buy a second-hand car. Ask your partner to help you to
choose a good one.
B: You have found some information about some used cars from an
Internet website. Provide the information to your partner.

2004
2,150

1994
590

2004
630

1996
180

Vocabulary

consume(s) lots of petrol

old (a thing)

mileage is low

[ 1] [ 2 - Casual]
A:
?
A:
?
B:
, .
B:
, .
A:
?
A:
?

UNIT 18

247
Task 2: Building Sentences
Compare the following two advertisements and complete the sentences.
Honda

2005
8 3 km
$11900
Hyundai

2006
4 8 km
$10500

1.
.
2.
__________________ __________________ .
3.
_______________ .

.
4.
____________________.

Vocabulary

like

cheap

mileage

expensive

old (things)

short

price

long
99
99 model

mileage is low

UNIT 18

248
Task 3: Listening
(EXPONENT)
A(noun)/ Adjective stem + /.
A is Adjective.


weather

clothes

money

problem

flower(s)

mountain

cold

hot

fine; good

expensive

cheap

clean

dirty

There is/are a lot

easy

difficult

sick

high

beautiful
+/
subject particles

UNIT 18

249
Choose the picture that describes what you hear and write down the
corresponding letter in the space below. Ready? Listen!

1. 2. 3. 4.

5. 6. 7. 8.

9. 10. 11. 12.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

UNIT 18

250
Task 4: Listening

car

bad

There are few; There is little (in quantity)

low

You are going to hear a statement that describes the pictures below. Listen
carefully and repeat what you hear only if it is true. Do not repeat if it is not
true. If it is true, you will hear the same statement again. And if it is not true,
you will hear the word FALSE" and the true statement. Ready? Listen!

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

UNIT 18

251
7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

UNIT 18

252
Task 5: Listening
(EXPONENT)
A/ B () Adjective stem + /
A is (more) Adjective than B


white

black

money

trousers

mountain

Mt. Chiri

Mt. Halla
who (who +subject
particle)

which

yesterday

today

tall

long

short (in length)

cheap

expensive

high

There are a lot/many

few; little

hot

more
+
than; compared to

Concord

Lantra

You will hear a dialogue in which various comparisons are made. Draw
lines connecting names with the correct pictures. Ready? Listen!

1.
a. .

b. .

UNIT 18

253
2.
a. .

b. .

3.
a. .

b. .

4.
a. .

b. .

5.
a. .

b. .

6.
a. .

b. .

UNIT 18

254

UNIT 18

255
Minjun is asking about Pauls studies.
: ?
: .
: ? ? ?
: , . .

.
: ?
: . , , .

Vocabulary
+
than; compared to
() [+()] easy

grammar
[+] similar

pronunciation

reading

writing

easier

Minjun: Jigeum mwo gongbuhae? What are you studying now?
Paul: Ilboneoyo. Japanese.
Minjun: Geurae? Ilboneo eottae?
Hangugeoboda swiwo?
Yeah? Whats Japanese like?
Is it easier than Korean?
Paul: Geulsse, jal moreugesseoyo.
Munbeobeun biseutaeyo.
Geunde bareumi hangugeoboda
swiwoyo.
Well, Im not quite sure.
The grammars similar, but
pronunciation is easier than
Korean.
Minjun: Geurae? Really?
Paul: Ne. Geunde, ilgi, sseugineun
hangugeoga deo swiwoyo.
Yeah. But Korean is easier to
read and write.
UNIT 18

256
Task 6: Roleplay
A: You are studying with your friend in the library. Ask them what they are
studying and whether or not it is easier than another subject.

B: You are studying with your friend in the library. S/he will ask you what
you are studying and whether or not it is harder than another subject.

[ - Casual ]
A:
?
B:
[ ].
A:
? [ ] ? [ ] ?
B:
, . [ ].

[ ] .
A:
?
B:
. , [ , ] [ ].

Vocabulary

exam

assignment

grammar
[+] similar

pronunciation
() [+](exactly the) same

writing
[+] different

reading
[+] many

speaking
[+] difficult

listening
[+] easy

UNIT 18

257
Task 7: Listening
(VOCABULARY)

tone

Chinese characters
[learn+(casual present tense ending)] learn
[a lot more easy] a lot easier

You will hear a dialogue where Minjun is asking Paul about learning Chinese
and Korean. Answer the following questions in English.

1. Which language does Paul find easier in terms of grammar?

2. What makes Chinese pronunciation more difficult than Korean?

3. What else does Paul find difficult about learning Chinese?

4. Does he learn Chinese characters in the Korean course?

UNIT 18

258
Contrasting: + but
When we want to make a statement that contradicts or makes a contrast with
what has just been said, we add + to the verb or adjective stem.

Verb or Adjective Stem +

Examples:
(1)

I dont have money, but I am
content.

(2)

.
I like Japanese food, but
I dont go to Japanese restaurants
often since its expensive.

(3)
.
Its expensive, but the design is
good.

(4)
.
Its cloudy, but not cold.

(5)
.
That person is rich, but unhappy.

The past tense form of + is +[+] or +[+].
The attachment rules are the same as the past tense endings we studied in Unit
7.

(6)
.
It was a bit expensive but I bought
it anyway.

(7)

.
It was cloudy, but not cold
yesterday

(8)
A: ?
Did you go to see a film
yesterday?

B: .
I wanted to go, but I couldnt.
UNIT 18

259
Task 8: Roleplay
A: You are in a department store with your friend and want to buy the
things in the picture below. Ask their opinion on each item as shown in
the example dialogue. Write down his or her opinion in Row B and
reply with one of the reasons why you like the item below. You should
write these down in Row A.

Reasons: A.() B. () C. ()

B: You are in a department store with your friend who wants to buy the
things in the picture below. S/he will ask your opinion on each item as
in the example dialogue. Choose a different reason for each item and
write down the reason that you dont like them in Row B. Write down
your friends opinion in Row A.

Reasons: A.() B.() C.() D.().

1.

2.

3.

4.

A

B

[ - Casual ]
A:
?
B:
.
A:
.
UNIT 18

260
Task 9: Listening
(VOCABULARY)

shoes
shortened form of (digital camera)

mobile phone

design

too
[big+(casual present tense ending)] big
[big+(soft ending)] big
[big+but] big but
[big+and] big and
[pretty+(casual present tense ending)] pretty
[pretty+(soft ending)] pretty
[pretty+but] pretty but
[pretty+and] pretty and
[good+(casual present tense ending)] good
[good+(soft ending)] good
[good+but] good but
[good+and] good and
[expensive+(casual present tense ending)] expensive
[expensive+(soft ending)] expensive
[expensive+but] expensive but
[expensive+and] expensive and
[heavy+(casual present tense ending)] heavy
[heavy+(soft ending)] heavy
UNIT 18

261
[heavy+but] heavy but
[heavy+and] heavy and
[+ thing+(subject particle)] light ones

You will hear Minseo (female) and Jihun (male) talking about some items in a
department store. Write down the name of the item and their opinion of each
below. Ready? Listen!

Dialogue 1
Item
Minsoes
opinion

Jihuns opinion

Dialogue 2
Item
Minsoes
opinion

Jihuns opinion

Dialogue 3
Item
Minsoes
opinion

Jihuns opinion

UNIT 18

262

UNIT 18

263
Amanda is an exchange student who is not used to a Korean winter.
: ... .

.
: , ?
: .
: ?
: ? .

.
: , ?

?
: .... .

.

Vocabulary

brrr!

genuine; really
[cold+(exclamatory ending)] cold
[+(casual present tense ending)] cold

not really

snow
+
as well; too; either

instead

rain (noun)

often
UNIT 18

264
[rain+(subject particle) come+(casual present
tense ending)] it rains/its raining

summer
[+(casual present tense ending)] hot
[+(modifying adjective ending) day] hot days

much; far; a lot

humidity level
[low+so] is low, so
[ steamy+(++ +)not]
not steamy/muggy/sticky

Amanda: Eu... oneul jinjja chupda.
Yeogi gyeoureun neomu
chuwo.
Brrr Its really cold today.
Winter here is too cold.
Minseo: Geureom, melbeoreuneun
an chuwo?
So, Melbourne isnt cold in
winter?
Amanda: Byeollo an chuwo. Not really cold.
Minseo: Nundo an wa? Does it snow?
(Lit: Does it not snow either?)
Amanda: Nun? An wa.
Daesin biga jaju wa.
Snow? No, it doesnt.
It rains a lot though.
(Lit. Instead, it often rains.)
Minseo: Geureom, yeoreumeun eottae?
Seoulboda deowo?
What about summer then?
Is it hotter than Seoul?
Amanda: Eum... deoun nareun
seoulboda hwolssin deowo.
Geunde seupdoga najaseo
mudeopjin ana.
Um on hot days
it is a lot hotter than Seoul.
But not sticky, because the
humidity is low.
UNIT 18

265
Vocabulary: Four Seasons

spring

summer

autumn

winter

Vocabulary: Weather

raining cloudy fine/clear
warm

hot
steamy
windy
cool
snowing
cold

UNIT 18

266
Task 10: Word Check
Here is a list of the seasons and terms describing the weather. Match the
Korean with the English. The first and last ones are done for you.

a.

h.

b.

i.

c.

j.

d.

k.

e.

l.

f.

m.

g.

n.

1.
spring

8. fine

2.
summer

9. hot

3.
autumn

10. raining

4.
winter
11.
snowing

5.
cloudy
12.
warm

6.
cold
13.
windy

7. cool 14. dry

UNIT 18

267
Task 11: Roleplay ?
A: Ask your partner what the weather will be like in the big Australian
cities tomorrow.
B: Tell your partner what the weather will be like tomorrow.
Refer to the map below.

[ ]
A:
[ ] ?
B:
. .
UNIT 18

268
Task 12: Listening
(EXPONENT)
?
Where are you from?
A .
Im from A.
?
What's the weather like there?
Verb or Adjective stem +
Verb or Adjective and


spring

summer

autumn

winter

fine/clear

cloudy

warm

cold

fine and

cloudy and

good

was good

weather

was warm
+
as well; also

but

cold and

snow

rain

comes
?
came?

no

then

a little

very

now

wind

cold, isn't it?
A
It's A

where
+
from

Australia

Canada

Osaka

Japan

Canberra

San Francisco

it rained/was raining
UNIT 18

269

it was windy
?
Does it snow?

You are a taxi driver in Seoul, and you often meet people from overseas.
Whenever you meet these people you always ask them about the weather. Put
a mark in the table. Ready? Listen!

1.
2.

3.

4.

UNIT 18

270
Task 13: Listening
(EXPONENT)
will Verb or will be Adjective
Verb or Adjective and then... or
Verb or Adjective but then...


Seoul

Kangnung

Taejon

Taegu

Pusan

Kwangju

Cheju Island

each

region

tomorrow

weather

a little bit

the whole country
+
's

mainly

cloudy but

will report

in the morning

from the afternoon (onwards)
....
without going any further (Lit. as it is)

It will be fine

It will snow

It will rain

It will be cloudy

have reported

You will hear the recorded information about tomorrow's weather on the
phone. Choose the symbol that describes what you hear and write down the
corresponding letter next to each city on the map. Ready? Listen!

UNIT 18

271
.

.

.

.

UNIT 18

272
Susan is writing an email to a Korean friend about her trip to Korea.

, ?
. .
.
.
. .
. .
.
.
. .

Vocabulary

for/during that period
? [+(past tense ending)]How have you been?
[+(past tense ending)] travelled

Kyeongju (a historic Korean city)

person; people

traffic
[+(present tense ending)] crowded
[goods price] the price of goods

quality (of goods)

Namdaemun Market

footwear
[small+but] small but
UNIT 18

273
[quiet+and ] quiet and
[+(present tense ending)] clean

weather
[cold+so] cold so

tourist

There were not many

soon

Korean class

again; also
[+] Ill keep in touch
(Lit. Ill contact you.)

1. What did Susan do during the holidays?
2. Compared to Melbourne, what is Seoul like?
3. What did she buy?
4. Where did she go shopping and what were the prices like?
5. Compared to Seoul, what is Kyeongju like?
6. Why were there not many tourists in Kyeongju?

UNIT 18

274
Task 15: Writing
Compare the city you are in now with another city you know. Compare
aspects such as traffic (), weather (), people (), and so on.
19

?

Unit Focus:
Confirming What You Already Know
Describing People, Animals and Things (I)
Being Polite (Soft Sentence Endings)
How To Suggest Somebody Try Something

o Confirming: +? , isnt it?; , doesnt it?
o Vocabulary: Animals and Insects
o Vocabulary: Describing People 1
o Describing with Modifying Adjective Endings:
+()
o Vocabulary: Describing People 2
o Soft Sentence Endings: +()
o Making a Suggestion: +/ Try ...

UNIT 19 ?

276

UNIT 19 ?

277

UNIT 19 ?

278
Amanda suggests playing 20 questions with Minseo.
: .
: . .
: , . .
: ?
: .
: ?
: , .
: ?
: , .
: ?
: .
: , ! ?
: , .

Vocabulary

20 questions (Lit: 20 mountain peaks).
[you (casual, familiar/intimate)+(subject particle)] you
is often pronounced .

first
[think + try] try to think of
[think +(casual past tense ending) ]
I have thought (of one)
[ ask+(casual present tense ending)] ask (me)
[live++(casual present tense ending)] live
UNIT 19 ?

279
? [big+(casual present tense ending)] (is) big?
! [know+(exclamatory past tense ending)] I know!
? [cat+isnt it] (Its) a cat, isnt it?
[get it right/find the correct answer +(casual past tense
ending)] got it right

Amanda: Uri seumugogae haja. Lets play 20 questions.
Minseo: Joa. Niga meonjeo hana
saenggakae bwa.
OK You think of something
(Lit. one) first.
Amanda: Eum, saenggakaesseo.
Mureo bwa.
OK. Um, Ive got one. (Lit. I
thought of one.) Ask me.
Minseo: Dongmuriya? Is it an animal?
Amanda: Eo. Yep.
Minseo: Jibeseo sara? Domestic? (Lit. Lives in the
house?)
Amanda: Eung, jibe sara. Yeah, (it does).
Minseo: Keo? Is it big?
Amanda: Ani, an keo. Nope, its not.
Minseo: Gaeya? Is it a dog?
Amanda: Ani. Nope.
Minseo: A, aratda!
Goyangiji?
Ah, Ive got it!
Its a cat, isnt it?
Amanda: Eo, majasseo. Yep, you got it.
UNIT 19 ?

280
Confirming: +? , isnt it?; , doesnt it?
When you want to ask about something you already know use + at the
end of the sentence. + comes after the verb, adjective or noun, and is
pronounced with a falling intonation. The contracted form + is often used
in colloquial speech.

1) Present tense rules:

Verb or Adjective Stem +? (Casual)

Verb or Adjective Stem +? (Polite)

Noun +()? (Casual)

Noun +()? (Polite)

a) After a verb or adjective stem: +?
?
Youre open tomorrow, arent you?

b) After a noun: +()?
If the noun ends in a vowel: +
,
?
Hello, is that Korea University?

If the noun ends in a consonant: +?
?
?
Hello, is that Professor Parks
residence?

Examples:
(1)
A: ?
It is really cold, isnt it?

B: , .
Yes, it is.

UNIT 19 ?

281
(2)
A: ?
The coffee is too strong, isnt it?

B: , .
No, its fine.

(3)
A: ?
The exam is easy, isnt it?

B: , .
No, its difficult.

(4)
A: ?
Its still raining outside, isnt it?

B: , .
No, it stopped a while ago.

(5)
A: ?
Its a public holiday tomorrow,
isnt it?

B: , .
Yes, thats right.

(6)
A:
?
Michael is skiing/skis very well,
isnt he/doesnt he?

B: , .
Yes, he is/does.

(7)
A: ?
This film is good, isnt it?

B: , .
Yes, it is.

(8)
A: ?
Did you make this yourself?

B: . .
?
Yes. It took me a month.
Pretty, huh?

(9)
A: ?*
You dont exercise much, right?

B: , .
No, not much. [Lit. Yes, not much.]

(*do+(honorific infix)+? is more polite than ?)

(10)
A: . .
This place has nice coffee. Try it.

B: , .
Yeah, all right.

A: ? ?
How is it? Good, huh?

B: , .
Yeah, it is.
UNIT 19 ?

282
2) Past tense rules:

Verb or Adjective Stem +/?

Noun +?/?

a) After a verb or adjective stem: +/?
If the last vowel is () or (): +?
?
Michael has gone to Korea, hasnt
he?

If the last vowel is not () or (): +?

?
Yesterdays movie was good,
wasnt it?

If the last vowel of the stem is not () or () and stem ends in
: delete +?
A: ?
Yesterdays exam was easy, wasnt
it?
B: , .
Yes, it was.

b) After a noun: +/?
If the noun ends in a vowel: +?
?
He was a swimmer before, wasnt
he?

If the noun ends in a consonant: +?
?
Yesterday was Young-mis
birthday, wasnt it?

UNIT 19 ?

283
Examples:
(1)
A: ?
It was really hot yesterday, wasnt
it?

B: , .
Yes, it was.

(2)
A: ?
Young-mi called you yesterday,
didnt she?

B: , .
Yes, she did.

(3)
A: ?
You havent eaten yet, have you?

B: , .
No, I havent.

A: , .
Then, lets go and eat together.

(4)
A: ?
It rained a lot there yesterday,
didnt it?

B: , .
Yes, it did.

(5)
A: ?
It was Young-mis book, wasnt
it?

B: , .
Yes, thats right.

(6)
A: ?
Michael hasnt come back yet, has
he/right?

B: ,
No, he will be back soon.
[Lit. Yes, he will be back soon.]

UNIT 19 ?

284
Vocabulary: Animals and Insects

Animals ()

puppy

horse

dog

snake

whale

lion

gorilla

cow

cat

sheep

bear

rat/mouse

giraffe

kangaroo

camel

elephant

chicken

koala

pig

tiger

Insects ()

ant

mosquito

spider

bee

butterfly

fly

UNIT 19 ?

285
Task 1: Roleplay
Your teacher will split you into small groups. One student should think of an
animal and the rest of the group should find out what it is by playing Twenty
Questions. Take it in turns to be the one answering.

1. 2. 3. 4.

5. 6. 7. 8.

[ ] [ - Casual]
A:
?
A:
?
B:
.
B:
.
A:
, ?
A:
, ?
B:
.
B:

A:
, ?
A:
, ?
B:
.
B:
.

UNIT 19 ?

286
Task 2: Listening
(EXPONENT)
A/
It's not A.
A/ Adjective stem +/
A is Adjective


dog

cat

elephant

fish

bee

giraffe

horse

mouse; rat

kangaroo

neck

nose

tail

flower

honey

sea
()
people

Africa

Australia

big

long

small

like

hate; not like

live

run

make

afraid of

ride

fly

but; however
(formal)

and

very

together

quickly; fast
+
with
+
in/at/to
+/
subject particles
+/
object particles
+/
topic particles
UNIT 19 ?

287
You will hear descriptions of the animals and insect below. In each space
write down the letter which corresponds to the animal described. Ready?
Listen!

1. 2. 3. 4.

5. 6. 7. 8.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

UNIT 19 ?

288

UNIT 19 ?

289
Hyeonu is asking Minjun about his ideal girlfriend.
: ! ?
: .
: ?
: . .
: ~ ? ?
: . !
: .

Vocabulary

what kind of

style

Yun Eun Hye - an actress who appeared in the TV
miniseries Coffee Prince

like

short hair
[+(modifying adj. ending) straight hair]
long straight hair
? [different+(modifying adjective ending)
thing+(topic particle)] what else?
[slim+(modifying adjective ending)] slim
[ well wear+(modifying verb ending) ]
girls with fashion sense (Lit. girls who dress well)

UNIT 19 ?

290

I see

Hyeonu: Minjuna! Neon eotteon
seutairui yeojaga joa?
Hey Minjun! What kind of girl
do you like?
Minjun: Eum Yuneunhye gateun
seutail.
Hm.. A girl like Yun Eun Hae.
Hyeonu: Geureom danbalmeori? Soyou like short hair?
Minjun: Eo. Nan gin saengmeoriboda
danbalmeori seutairi joa.
Yeah. I like short hair more
than long straight hair.
Hyeonu: A~ geurae?
Geureom dareun geon?
Ah, really?
What else?
Minjun: Nalssinhan yeoja.
Geurigo ot jal imneun yeoja!
Slim girls.
With fashion sense!
Hyeonu: Geureokuna. Ah I see..

UNIT 19 ?

291
has blonde hair
has black hair
has short hair
has long hair
Ex.) Mia . Mia has blonde hair.
Mia . Mia has long hair.

moustache
beard
Ex.) Jack . Jack has a moustache.

is pretty
is good-looking
is slim
is thin
is fat
Ex.) Mia . Mia is pretty.
Mia . Mia has pretty eyes.

is tall
is short
is average height
Ex.) Mia . Mia has blonde hair and is tall.

UNIT 19 ?

292
Task 3: Listening
(EXPONENT)
Verb or Adjective and
Verb stem +
be (Verb)ing


today

people

age

age counting unit (years)

very

a little bit

black

blond

hair

mustache

pretty

thin and [Lit. has become thin and]

average; normal(ly)

fat

tall

short and

handsome and

wearing glasses and

tall and
+
as well
?
Whom am I going to meet?
UNIT 19 ?

293
+/
topic particles
Pure-Korean numbers up to 61

You are working for a tour agency. One of your duties is to meet people
from overseas at the airport. Your boss is describing four people whom you
are going to meet today. Identify which is which by writing down the letter
of the picture which corresponds to each dialogue. Ready? Listen!

1. 2. 3. 4.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

UNIT 19 ?

294
Describing with Modifying Adjective Endings:
+()
You can modify a noun by placing an adjective (descriptive word) in front, as
in the English interesting film and small bag. The modified noun can be
the subject or object of a sentence. For example:
. I saw an interesting film yesterday.

Adjective Stem + /// Noun

Rules:
a) If the descriptive word stem ends in a vowel: +

+
cheap

+
big

+
expensive

+
pretty

+
clean

+
crowded; complicated

+
strong

+
weak

b) If it ends in a consonant: +

+
small

+
fine

c) If it ends with : drop +
+
light
+
heavy
+
cute
+
hot(spicy)
UNIT 19 ?

295
+
hot(temperature)
+
cold

d) If it ends with /: +

+
interesting

+
boring

+
delicious

+
bad tasting

Examples:
(1)
A: ?
How about this one then?

B: .
?
Its a bit big.
Dont you have a smaller one?

A: * ?
How about this one

B: .
?
Its a bit heavy.
Dont you have a lighter one?

(* The word is a shortened form of [ +(topic
particle)]. A is contrasting two things, so the topic particle +/ needs
to be used for the second one).

(2)
A: * ?
Who is the longhaired woman?

B: .
She is my younger sister.

(*[drop +(modifying adj. ending)])

(3)
A: ?
Do you like Korean food?

B: , .
.
Yes, I do.
Except too spicy food.

(4)
A: ?
Which bag is Young-mis?

B: .
The big travel bag over there.
UNIT 19 ?

296
(5)
A: .
Its cold today.

B:
.
Its best to have a hot coffee on a
cold day like today, isnt it?

(6)
A: ?
Shall we go see a movie today?

B: ?
Are there any interesting movies
on at the moment?

(7)
A: ?
What type of man do you like?

B: .
.*
Lets see. A handsome and smart
man with a good sense of humour.
(*When two or more descriptive words are used together before a noun,
+/// is attached to the last descriptive word and the other ones
are linked with +: .)

(8)
A: ?
What is your ideal girl?

B: .
A good-natured and cute-acting
girl.

UNIT 19 ?

297
Task 4: Word Check
Describe the words in the right column using the adjectives given below. Try
to use as many adjectives as you can. The first one is done for you.

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

h.

i.

j.
k.

l.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

UNIT 19 ?

298

Appearances ()

(blonde girl)

(girl with black hair)

(girl with long hair)

(girl with short hair)

(person with a moustache)

(pretty girl)

(girl with pretty eyes)

(good-looking guy)

(slim girl)

(thin guy)

(fat person)
()

()
(tall girl)
()

()
(short guy)
()

or

(average height person)

(sexy guy)

(well-built guy)

(pure and innocent image)
UNIT 19 ?

299

petite figure

Personality ()

(talkative person)

(person that doesnt talk
much)

(genuine style)

(dependable guy)
()

()
(girl that acts cute)

(lively personality)

(caring personality)

(intelligent student)

(good-natured guy)

(humorous guy)

(capable/competent girl)

(romantic guy)

(king card) (queen card)
University students criteria for the ideal man or woman
: ( ),
: ,
UNIT 19 ?

300
Task 5: Word Check
Below is a list of Korean celebrities with a description of their ideal type.
Translate the description into English. The first one is done for you.

1.

(friend-like girl)
2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Vocabulary

heart; mind

double eyelids

hip hop
comfortable

understanding
UNIT 19 ?

301
Task 6: Roleplay / ?
You are doing survey on what type of a man or women the opposite sex likes
in the 21st century. Move around the class and ask your classmates.

APPEARANCES PERSONALITY
1. (tall) / 1. (caring) /
2. (short) 2. (talkative)
3. (sexy) 3. (quiet)
4. (slim) 4. (nice; good natured)
5. (strong) 5. (genuine)
6. (cute) 6. (intelligent)
7. (long hair) 7. (humorous)
8. (short hair) 8. (lively)
9. (pretty) 9. (capable)
10. (handsome) 10. (cute acting)
11. (pure and innocent) 11.
(romantic/has
an air about him/her)
12. (rich) 12. (easy-going)

[ ]
A:
/ ?
B:
. /.

UNIT 19 ?

302
Task 7: Listening
(VOCABULARY)

tall

petite

sexy

slim

strong

genuine

long hair

straight hair

short hair

intelligent

caring

handsome

pure and innocent

humorous

pretty

dependable

has pretty eyes

romantic

kind-hearted

cute-acting

friend-like

understanding

You will hear two dialogues in which people are talking about their ideal
girl and boy. Write the three characteristics that each uses to describe their
ideal in English.

(Dialogue) 1

(Dialogue) 2

UNIT 19 ?

303

UNIT 19 ?

304

UNIT 19 ?

305
Amanda is buying sneakers in a shoe shop.
: ?
: .
: ?
: .
: .

?
: . ?
: ?

? ?
: , .
: ?
: , .

Vocabulary
? [look for+(honorific present tense ending)]
looking for
[look for+(soft sentence ending)]
looking for

size
?
Would you mind telling me ...?
[phrase for asking strangers personal questions]
[wear+ try] try on (shoes)
[this+one+(topic particle)] this one
?
How is it?
UNIT 19 ?

306
[small+(soft sentence ending)]
(its) a bit small
[more big+thing] bigger one
?
Do you like it? (hon.)
[okay+(exclamatory ending)] okay

go for this
? [wrap +for you +shall]
Shall I wrap (it) for you?
[wrap +please (for me)] please wrap it

Shop assistant: Mwo chajeuseyo? What are you looking for?
Amanda: Undonghwa channeundeyo. Im looking for some
sneakers.
Shop assistant: Saijeuga eotteoke doeseyo? Whats your size?
Amanda: Jal moreugesseoyo. Im not sure.
Shop assistant: Geureom igeo hanbeon
sineo boseyo. Eotteoseyo?
Then try this one on.
How is it?
Amanda: Jom jageundeyo.
Deo keun geo eopseoyo?
Its a bit small. Do (Lit.
Dont) you have anything
bigger?
Shop assistant: Keun geoyo?
Igeon eotteoseyo?
Maeume deuseyo?
Bigger?
How about these?
Do you like them?
Amanda: Ne, gwaenchanneyo. Yes, theyre okay.
UNIT 19 ?

307
Shop assistant: Geureom igeollo
hasigesseoyo?
Would you like to take these
then? (Lit. go for these...)
Amanda: Ne, igeollo ssa juseyo. Yes, Ill take this pair please.
(Lit. Yes, please package
these for me.)

UNIT 19 ?

308
Soft Sentence Endings: +()
The ending +() softens the sentence, making it more polite. The
use of +() with adjectives is particularly common. For example,
when you ask the price of something at a market stall and think its a bit
expensive, you say . It is grammatically correct to say
, which has exactly the same English meaning, however, using the
softer form, , shows you have some concern for their feelings and
you are not trying to be rude. (It softens potential bluntness in negative
comments.) Thus, by using this form you are more likely to successfully
negotiate a lower price. On the other hand, if you think that the stall holders
price is unreasonable and you are not interested in buying, you could drop the
softened ending and say .

Using the +/ form with adjectives is a direct or objective way of
describing something. It is safe to use it if you are complimenting someone or
making a positive statement about something. For example:
(This book is interesting). But if there could be a negative
connotation, a Korean would soften it: (This book is (a
bit) boring). In English you would get the same effect by using a certain tone
of voice or hesitating mid-sentence, or adding a bit to the description. (The
Korean form is often used in combination with the word - a bit.)

1) Present tense rules:

Adjective Stem
Verb Stem
Noun
+///
+
+()

UNIT 19 ?

309
a) After an adjective stem:
If it ends in a vowel: +
A: ?
Are you busy today?
B: , .
Im afraid I am busy today.

If it ends in a consonant: +
A: ?
How would you like this one?
B: .
Its a bit small.

If it ends with : drop +
A: ?
Its hot, isnt it?
B: , .
Yes, a little bit.

If it ends with /: +
A: ?
This movie is interesting, isnt it?
B: .
.
Um
its not that interesting for me.

b) After a verb stem: +
.
You speak Korean well.

c) After a noun:
If it ends in a vowel: + (applied only in colloquial speech.
Otherwise, use +.)
A: , ?
Hello, is Michael there?
B: .
Speaking.

If it ends in a consonant: +
A: , ?
Hello, is that Sung-suk?
B: , .
Yes, this is Sung-suk.

UNIT 19 ?

310
Examples:
(1)
A: ?
Is that Korea university?

B: . .
No, youve got the wrong
number.

(2)
A: ?
How would you like this one?

B: .
*.
Well... I dont really fancy it.

(*+)

(3)
A: ?
What are you doing at the
moment?

B: .
Nothing.

(4)
A: .
?
I have a favour to ask.
Can you help me, please?

B: ?
What is it?

(5)
A: ?
Dont you have a present for
me?

B: ? .
A present? No.

(6)
A: ?
Are you free at the moment?

B: , !
.
Oh! Im afraid I have to go to the
library.

(7)
A: ?

You havent had dinner yet,
have you? Lets have a pizza.

B: .
I dont really eat pizza.

UNIT 19 ?

311
2) Past tense rules:
Verb or Adjective Stem
Noun
+/
+/

a) After a verb or adjective stem:
If the last vowel is () or (): +
A: ? .
.
Oh, its raining. I didnt bring an
umbrella.
B: . .
Dont worry. I have one.

If the last vowel of the verb stem is not () or (): +
A: ?
You havent had dinner, have you?
B: .
Im afraid I have.

If it ends with : drop +
A: ?
The exam was hard, wasnt it?
B: , .
Nope, it was easy.

b) After a noun:
If it ends in a vowel: +
A: ?
Today is Young-mis birthday, isnt
it?
B: , .
No, it was yesterday.

If the last vowel of the verb stem is not () or ():
+
A: .
I have brought an application.
B: .
The deadline was yesterday
(unfortunately).

UNIT 19 ?

312
Examples:
(1)
A: ?
Excuse me, I suppose you havent
eaten dinner yet?

B: .
No, I havent

A: .
I bought sushi.

B: , .
Oh my, my favourite.

(2)
A: ?
Do you have milk?

B: .
Weve run out of it (Im afraid).

(3)
A: ?
Did our team win?

B: , .
No, we lost.

(4)
A: ?
Have you finished the assignment?

B: , .
No, not yet.

UNIT 19 ?

313
Task 8: Roleplay
A: You are a discerning shopper looking for a bag. Using the soft ending
+(), reject each of the bags with one of the reasons provided
below.
B: You are a shop assistant in a bag shop dealing with quite a fussy
customer. The customer will reject all the bags you show them. Write
down the letters of the reasons in the blanks.

REASONS:
a. d.
b. e.
c. f.

1. 2. 3.

[ ]
: . ?
: ?
: , . ?
: .
: , ?
UNIT 19 ?

314
Making a Suggestion: +/ Try ...
When you want to suggest that someone should try doing something, use the
form:
Verb Stem
+/
(Casual)
Verb Stem
+/
(Polite)
Verb Stem
+/
(Honorific)

This form literally implies that you do something and then see (//
) what the outcome is.

If you already know the casual present tense form of a verb, it is very easy to
create this form. Just add , or to the casual present tense form:

Have a read

Have a listen

Try this (food)

Try these (glasses) on

Try these (gloves) on

Try this (tie or belt) on

Rules:
a) If the last vowel of the verb stem is () or (): +
.
Try sitting down here.
( When we want to speak to someone, we might say:
Sit down here for a moment (and Ill tell you something).)

UNIT 19 ?

315
.
Try this (clothing) on.

c) If the verb stem ends in : changes to
.
Have a think about it.

Examples:
(1)
.
.
Try skydiving.
It is fun.

(2)
.
Meet him/her (and see how it turns
out).

(3)
.
Go ahead and talk.

(4)
A: ?
You havent seen my bag?

B: .
Go over there and try to find it.

(5)
.
.
This is a new beer. (Lit: newly
released, newly come out).
Try it and see if you like it.

(6)
.
Try these on. (for shoes or socks)

Note: This form does not always mean try, but suggests that the person will
experience something new or have gained new information/experience after
the action.
UNIT 19 ?

316
Task 9: Word Check
Read the following list of expressions for offering services.

a.

f.

b.

g.

c.

h.

d.

i.

e.

Write down an appropriate expression to follow each of the sentences below.
The first one is done for you.
1. . .

2. (comfortable).

3. (trendy).

4. (gloves) .

5. .

6. .

7. (classy).

8. MP3 (sound quality) .

9. (novel) .

UNIT 19 ?

317
Task 10: Roleplay .
A: You are a shop assistant in the shops below. Ask the customer what s/he
is looking for and suggest they try it.

B: You are the customer.

Shop Items Shop Items
/

pants

boots

skirt

leather
shoes

bread

sofa

beverage

chair

fruit

desk

glasses

MP3

MP3
player

sunglasses

gloves

novel

neck-tie

comic

belt

magazine

[ ]
A:
?
B:
[ ] .
A:
? [ (comfortable) ].
[ ].
UNIT 19 ?

318
Task 11: Listening
(VOCABULARY)
[this+side+in] over here
formal expression of
[newly released thing+(soft sentence
ending)] This is a new model

sound quality
[listen+ try] have a listen
[good+(exclamatory ending)] good
[expensive +(soft sentence ending)]
expensive
[cheap +(modifying adjective ending) thing]
cheaper one
[okay+(exclamatory ending)] all right
[light+and] light and

[very stylish+(soft sentence
ending)] stylish
?
Would you like this one?

Ill take it.
[buy+ for you+will] Ill buy (it) for you

birthday present
[okay +(soft sentence ending)]
You dont have to.

[really buy+ for you+ want to+
because] I really want to buy it for you.
[well use+will] Thanks. (Lit. Ill make a
good use out of it.)
UNIT 19 ?

319

?
[gift wrap+ ?shall I]
Do you want it gift-wrapped?
. [wrap+ please] Could you wrap it?
, .
No, its all right.

Give it to me as is.

You will hear a dialogue between Minseo (female), Jihun (male) and an
electronic shop assistant. Answer the following questions in English.

1. Who is making the purchase?
2. What is it being bought?
3. What did the shop assistant say about the new model?
4. Why was the new model declined?
5. What did Minseo and Jihun say about the second one shown to them?
Minseo:
Jihun:
6. Who is paying? Why?

UNIT 19 ?

320
Susan is writing an email to her friend in Korea about her recent trip to Phillip
Island.

:
:

? .
(Philip Island) .
(Melbourne) 2 ,
.

. 30 .
.
.
!

.
.
. .
.

.
.

UNIT 19 ?

321
Vocabulary

addressee

subject; topic

animal

these days
[news+(subject particle) there is no+() so]
I havent heard from you (Lit: there hasnt been any news)
[curious +(casual present tense ending)]
wonder about
[take+(connector for adding extra information)] takes
[see+to go+(casual past tense ending)] went to see

height

about
[ world+in] in the world

the most
[small+(modifying adjective ending)] small
[night+at+only] only at night

seashore
[come out +because] because (they) come out
[ see+ can] can see

tourist

among
[famous+so] famous so
[know+ I guess ] I guess youll know

brown

jump

grey
UNIT 19 ?

322
[be+(connector for adding extra information)] is and

tree
[slow+and] slow and
[ sleep+ +(past progressive tense ending)]
was sleeping
[feel sleepy+(casual present tense ending)]sleepy

1. Why was Susan curious?
2. How far away from Melbourne is Philip Island?
3. Who did she go with and why?
4. How big are the penguins there?
5. How does Susan describe Kangaroos?
6. How does she describe Koalas?

20
?

Unit Focus:
Describing People, Animals and Things (II)

o Vocabulary: Colour Terms
o Describing with Modifying Verb Endings
Past Tense:
Present Tense:
Future Tense:
Verb Stem +()
Verb Stem +
Verb Stem +()

UNIT 20 ?

324

UNIT 20 ?

325

Amanda is at a lost property office asking if her bag has been handed in.
: , .
: ?
: .
: ?
: , .
: , ?
: , .
: , ?
: , .
: ?
: .
: ! , .

. .

Vocabulary
[lostitem ] lost item

bag
[lose+(past tense soft ending)]
(I) have lost
? [what kind thingis?]
What kind of (bag) is it?
[black colour] black
UNIT 20 ?

326

leather
this (one) (colloquial form of )
[that one+ than] (more) than that
[worn+(past tense ending)] aged/worn
? [this +() ? (question ending could it be)]
Is this it? (Lit. Could this be it?)
[right+(present tense ending)] (thats) right
A B

[A (subject particle) B inside
contained]
(A) is inside (B)
[electronicdictionary] electronic dictionary
[right +(exclamatory ending)] right!
[sign+ please] please sign

Amanda: J eo, gabangeul
ireobeoryeonneundeyo.
I have lost my bag.
Receptionist: Eotteon geoyeyo? What kind of bag is it?
Amanda: Kkaman saek gajuk
gabangindeyo.
Its a black leather bag.
Receptionist: Igeoyeyo? Is it this one?
Amanda: Aniyo, geugeotboda jom
keoyo.
No, its a bit bigger than that.
Receptionist: Geureomyeon, ieogeoyeyo? Then, is this one yours?
UNIT 20 ?

327

Amanda: Aniyo, geugeotboda jom
nalgasseoyo.
No, it's a bit older than that.
(Lit. No, it has aged a bit more
than that.)
Receptionist: Geureomyeon, igeongayo? Then, is this yours?
Amanda: Ne, majayo. Yes, thats the right one.
Receptionist: Ane mwoga deureo isseoyo? Can you tell me whats
inside? (Lit. What is inside?)
Amanda: Hangugeo chaekago
jeonjasajeoniyo.
Theres a Korean textbook
and an electronic dictionary.
Receptionist: A! Ne, manneyo.
Yeogi itseumnida.
Geurigo yeogi sainhae
juseyo.
Yes! Thats right.
Here you are.
Now please sign here.

UNIT 20 ?

328

Vocabulary: Colour Terms
/
colour
/
white
/
black

red

1

blue

yellow
/
green
/
2

pink
/
orange

grey
3

brown

purple

violet

gold

silver
rainbow (, , , , , (indigo), )

Note 1:
is also used sometimes to describe the colour green. In
ancient Korean there were only five pure colour words, so
was used to denote both blue and green.
Note 2:
Younger people tend to use rather than , which has
an old fashioned connotation.
Note 3:
literally means chestnut colour.

UNIT 20 ?

329

Task 1: Word Check
Match these colours with their English equivalents below. The first one is
done for you.
a.
/
g.

b.

h.

c.

i.
/
d.

j.
/
e.
/
k.

f.
/
l.

1. white
/
2. black
3. red
4. yellow
5. blue
6. green
7. brown
8. grey
9. pink
10. orange
11. violet
12. purple

UNIT 20 ?

330

Task 2: Roleplay
A: Choose an item from the list below. You have left this on the bus so you
go to the lost property office to try and find it. Describe the lost item.

B: You are working in the lost property office at the bus station. Refer to
the example dialogue.

ITEMS
1.
wallet/purse
5.
Visa card
2.
bag
6.
mobile phone
3.
gloves
7.
sunglasses
4.
student card
8.
umbrella

[ ]
A:
, [ ] .
B:
?
A:
[ ].
B:
?
A:
, [ ].
B:
, ?
A:
, [ ].
B:
, ?
A:
, .
B:
?
A:
[ ].
B:
! , . .
UNIT 20 ?

331

Vocabulary

(I) have lost
?
What kind of (bag) is it?

black

leather

this (one)

(more) than that

aged/worn
()
(it is) a new one

smaller

bigger

darker

lighter
?
Is this it? (Lit. Could this be it?)

(thats) right
A B
(A) is inside (B)

electronic dictionary

right!
/
mobile phone
()
(glasses) frame

folding umbrella
/
brand

big

small
UNIT 20 ?

332

Task 3: Word Check
Match these items with their English equivalents. The first one is done for
you.
a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

h.

1. Visa card

2. bag
3. gloves
4. mobile phone
5. sunglasses
6. student card
7. umbrella
8. wallet/purse

Fill in the blanks with the words that would best complete each sentence.
There may be more than one correct answer.

1.
____________ ?
2.
____________ ? , ?
3.
____________ (frame) ?
4.
____________ (folding one)?
5.
____________ .
6.
____________ ?
7.
(wool) ____________, 2 .

UNIT 20 ?

333

Task 4: Listening
(EXPONENT)
A /
I have lost A


bag

umbrella

gloves

sunglasses

small

big

new one

frame

worn

big

bigger

leather

white

folding one

this (one)

black

red

yellow

blue

what sort of

that's right

a little bit

You will hear people describing things that they have lost. Identify the
correct item for each person and write down its letter. Ready? Listen!
1. 2. 3. 4.

. blue

. yellow

. black (frame)

. white (frame)

. red

. blue

. brown

. black

UNIT 20 ?

334

This is a lost property form that Paul has filled out for something he lost on
the No. 2 subway line.

Paul Smith ( )
* ( N0995000)
2
2009 5 16

(*resident registration number / passport)

1. What did Paul lose?

2. Where did he lose it?

3. What colour was it?

4. What was inside it?

UNIT 20 ?

335

UNIT 20 ?

336

UNIT 20 ?

337

Minjun asks his friend Hyeonu about some pretty girls he doesnt know.
: ?
: ?
: , .
: , .
: ?
: ? , . .
: ? .

Vocabulary
A [A with] with A
[talk+(modifying verb ending) person]
the person talking
? [who+is] Whos that?
[glasses wear+(modifying verb ending)]
wearing glasses
[tall+(modifying adjective ending) ]
tall person
[long+(modifying adj. ending) skirt]
long skirt
[skirt wear+(modifying verb ending)
woman] the woman wearing the skirt
(Lit. the female who has put on a long skirt)
? [who+(soft ending)] Whos that?
UNIT 20 ?

338

[pretty+(soft ending)] pretty
( is often pronounced , creating the
casual/non-standard version .)

Minjun: J eogi Polhago iyagihaneun
saram nuguya?
Whos that talking to Paul?
Hyeonu: Nugu? Which one? (Lit. Who?)
Minjun: Angyeong kkin ki keun saram. The tall one with glasses.
Hyeonu: A, Amanda dongsaengiya. Ah, thats Amanda's (younger)
sister.
Minjun: Geureom jeogi gin chima ibeun
yeojaneun nugunde?
Then whos the girl over there
in the long skirt (Lit. who has
put the long skirt on)?
Hyeonu: Nugu? A, Sujan.
Pol yeoja chinguya.
Who? Ah, Susan.
Shes Pauls girlfriend.
Minjun: Geurae? Yeppeunde. Yeah? Shes pretty.

UNIT 20 ?

339

UNIT 20 ?

340

Describing with Modifying Verb Endings
English has expressions like How was the movie (that) you saw yesterday?
In the equivalent Korean expression, the clause (in bold) goes in front of the
noun it modifies: ?.When we are using a verb in a
modifying phrase, it is necessary to take into account the tense of the verb:

Verb Stem
+()
(Past Tense)
Verb Stem
+
(Present Tense)
Verb Stem
+()
(Future Tense)

1) Past Tense: +()
a) If the verb stem ends in a vowel: +

+
met

+
saw

+
ate

+
read

+
has put on

2) Present Tense: +

+
is meeting

+
is watching

+
is eating

+
is reading

+
is putting on

+
is talking

UNIT 20 ?

341

3) Future Tense: +()
a) If the verb stem ends in a vowel: +

+
will meet

+
will see

+
will live

+
will eat

+
will read

+
will put on

Examples:
(1a) movie

(1b) the movie we saw

(1c) the movie we saw yesterday

(1d) The movie we saw yesterday
was very boring.

.

(2a) person

(2b) the person talking

(2c) the person talking to Paul

(2d) The person talking to Paul
is my friend.

.

(3a) house

(3b) the house where we will live

(3c) That is the house where we will live.
* .

(* is the shortened form of ( +subject particle ).
Similarly, you can say () this (one), () that
(one) and ( ) which one.)
UNIT 20 ?

342

(4) A: ? Whats the time now?
B: . Half past eight.
A: , .
.
Oh, theres a Korean film on
soon. (Lit. Oh, it will be time for
a Korean film.)
Switch on the TV.

(5) A: ? What side dish do you like?
B: , . I like all of them.
A: ? Which you like best?
B: . Tteokbokki .
A: , ? Then, is there anything you
dont like?
B: . No.

(6) A: , .
.
Get up quick.
Its time to go to shcool
B: , 5 . Aeee, let me sleep just five
minutes more.

(7) A:
?
What kind of guy do you like?
B: .
?
Tall ones who dont lie.
What about you?
A: . I like one that can cook well.

(8) A:
.
I have to talk to you.
Can I meet you?
B: . All right.

(9) A: ? Whos that wearing the suit over
there?
B: ? Who?

UNIT 20 ?

343

Task 6: Word Check
Match the list of expressions describing people with their English
equivalents. The first one is done for you.

a.

f.

b.

g.

c.

h.

d.

i.

e.

j.

1. the man with glasses

2. the woman wearing earrings
3. the man drinking alcohol
4. the woman wearing a long skirt
5. the man with a moustache
6. the man wearing shorts
7. the woman dancing
8. the person eating grapes
9. the man wearing a suit
10. the person talking to Tom

UNIT 20 ?

344

Task 7: Roleplay ?
A: Suppose that you are at a friends party. There are some people who you
dont know well. Ask B their names by describing them.

B: Suppose that you are at a friends party. You know all the people at the
party. Answer As questions.

1. Sandy 2. J ohn 3. Steve 4. Paul
5. Monique 6. Martin 7. Helena

[ ]
A:
?
B:
?
A:
, .
B:
, . ( ).
UNIT 20 ?

345

Vocabulary
1.

long straight hair

short hair

curly hair

bald

2.
[] the woman wearing a skirt ( , )

trousers

shorts

jeans

one piece dress

suit

3.
[]
the person wearing glasses

ring

gloves

4.
[]
the girl wearing earrings

necklace

bracelet

5.
[]
the person wearing a hat

6.
[]
the man with moustache

beard

tattoo

7.
[]
the person drinking water
UNIT 20 ?

346

Task 8: Listening
(VOCABULARY)

the person wearing a skirt

shorts

jeans

black suit

curly hair

bald

the person talking

the person wearing glasses

You will hear the dialogue in which two people are describing four people:
Susan, John, Helena and Paul. Write down the names of these people on the
drawing of each person below which represents him or her best.

UNIT 20 ?

347

UNIT 20 ?

348

UNIT 20 ?

349

Minjun is asking Hyeonu whether he knows anyone who is interested in
working at a Korean restaurant.
: ?
: .
: ?
: ... ?
: ?
: , .
: ?
: ?

.
: , .

, .

.

Vocabulary
[serve+(modifying verb ending) ]
waiter(s) (Lit. person who will serve customers)
[look for +(connector for adding extra
information)] looking for
? [interest have] have interest (in)?
[have+but] I have, but

UNIT 20 ?

350

[part-time work look for+(modifying verb
ending) ]
friends who are looking for part-time work
? [ investigate/inquire about +?shall I]
shall I ask around?
?
Could you (do that for me)?
(Lit. Do you wanna do that for me?)
[there is+(exclamatory ending)] there is; have
? [know+?(tag question ending)] (you) know,
right?
[J apanese study+(modifying verb
ending) guy] the guy or girl (Lit. young person)
who studies J apanese
shortened form of (that guy or girl)
[Korean do+because]
since/because/considering s/he speaks Korean

(its) perfect
[ ask+ for me+(casual ending)]
Please ask (her/him) (for me)

Minjun: Hanguk sikdangeseo seobinghal
saram channeunde neo gwansim
isseo?
Theyre looking for waiters for
a Korean restaurant. Would
you be interested?
(Lit. Are you interested?)
Hyeonu: Gwansimeun inneunde sigani
eopseo.
Yeah, but I dont have time.
Minjun: Geureom alba channeun chingu
eopseo?
Well, are any of your friends
looking for a job?
UNIT 20 ?

351

Hyeonu: Geulsse... naega ara bolkka? Ah I can ask around.
(Lit. Shall I ask around?)
Minjun: Geurae jullae? Could you?
Hyeonu: A, itda. Ah, theres one.
Minjun: Nugu? Who?
Hyeonu: Neo Sujan alji?
Hangugeohago ilboneo
gongbuhaneun ae.
You know Susan, dont you?
The girl who studies Korean
and J apanese.
Minjun: A, Sujan.
Geurae, gyae hangugeo hanikka
jal dwaetda. Geureom hanbeon
mureo bwa jwo.
Ah, Susan. I know.
She speaks Korean - shed be
perfect. Please ask her. (Lit.
Please ask her once for me.)

UNIT 20 ?

352

Task 9: Roleplay ?
The class will be divided into groups. Using the first example dialogue, find
out who in your group has done, is doing, or will do the activities below.
Write the number of people for each activity in the appropriate cell. Use the
second dialogue to fill out the same details for another group.

[ 1]
A:
? (polite) Or
? (casual)?
B:
. (polite) / . (casual)

[ 2]
A:
?
B:
(2 people)./ .(all)/ .(no one)

Past Activities
1.
?

2.
?

3.
?

4.
?

5.
(recently) ?

6.
?

7.
?

UNIT 20 ?

353

Present/Habitual Activities
8.
?

9.
?

10.
?

11.
(currently) 100 ?

12.
(contact lens) ?

13.
?

14.
?

Future Activities
15.
?

16.
?

17.
?

18.
?

19.
?

20.
(play) ?

UNIT 20 ?

354

Susans Korean friend is arriving from overseas tomorrow. Susan had
originally agreed to meet her at the airport but something came up. She has
now arranged for someone else to go instead. The following is her email
explaining the situation and describing the person who will pick her friend up
at the airport.

:
:
? 6 40?
.
. .
(Lisa) .
. .
.
.
.
!
! !

UNIT 20 ?

355

Vocabulary

pick-up
?
How have you been? / How are you going?

arrival

... is ..., isnt it?
[sorry+but] I am sorry but
[unable go out +(future) probably/it
seems] probably wont be able to go

cold
() [ seriously get caught +(past tense)]
have a (serious)

but
[(worry + dont) ] dont worry

instead
[go out+ will] will go (to meet you)
[is+and] is and

blonde

coat
[wear+and ] wear and
[crowded+because] crowded, so
()
international flights
[arrive+(modifying verb ending) place]
arrival place
[wait+ will] will wait

[similarly look+because]
look similar, so

immediately
UNIT 20 ?

356

[recognise+ will] will recognise

1. Why cant Susan pick Min-A up from the airport?

2. Who will pick Min-A up instead? What is her name and age?

3. What does the person that will pick up Min-A look like?

4. Where will Min-A meet her?

5. Will Min-A recognise her easily? Why?

TRANSCRIPT
OF
LISTENING
TASKS

TRANSCRIPT OF LISTENING TASKS

358
Unit 11, Task 1
A : ?
B : , . .
. .
.
A : ?
B : , . .
A : ?
B : . .
.
A : ?
B : , .

Unit 11, Task 4
(Dialogue) 1
: , . .
: . , . .

(Dialogue) 2
: , . .
: . .
.

(Dialogue) 3
: , . .
: .
: , . .

359
.

(Dialogue) 4
: , . .
: .
: . .

(Dialogue) 5
: , . ?
: ? .
: ?
.
.
.

(Dialogue) 6
: , . .
: .
: ?
: , . .

Unit 12, Task 2
(Dialogue) 1
: .
: ?
: , .
: .
: , . .

360
: ?
: , ? .

(A minute later)
: . ?
: , . .

(Dialogue) 2
: .
: ?
: , .
: , ?
: . .
: , ?
: , .
: ?
: . ?
: , .

(Dialogue) 3
: ?
: ?
: , . , ?
: ?
: , . ?
: .
: , .
?

361
: , . .
: .
: . .
: , .

Unit 12, Task 5
(Dialogue) 1
A : ?
B : , .

(Dialogue) 2
A : ?
B : , .

(Dialogue) 3
A : ?
B : , .

(Dialogue) 4
A : ?
B : , .

(Dialogue) 5
A : ?
B : , .

(Dialogue) 6
A : ?

362
B : ,

Unit 12, Task 7
(Dialogue) 1
A : ?
B : , .

(Dialogue) 2
A : ?
B : , .

(Dialogue) 3
A : . ?
B : , .

(Dialogue) 4
A : . ?
B : . .

(Dialogue) 5
A : ?
B : . .

(Dialogue) 6
A : . .
B : , .


363
(Dialogue) 7
A : ?
B : . ?
A : ?
B : , .

(Dialogue) 8
A : ?
B : , ?
A : , ?
B : , .

(Dialogue) 9
A : , ?
B : , .

(Dialogue) 10
A : , ?
B : , .

(Dialogue) 11
A : , ?
B : , .

(Dialogue) 12
A : , ?
B : , .


364
Unit 12, Task 8
(Dialogue) 1
: , ?
: , . .

(Dialogue) 2
: , ?
: , . . .

(Dialogue) 3
: , ?
: , . .

(Dialogue) 4
: , ?
: , . , ?
: ?
: . .

Unit 13, Task 3
(Dialogue) 1
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 2
A : ?
B : .


365
(Dialogue) 3
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 4
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 5
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 6
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 7
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 8
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 9
A : ?
B : .


366
(Dialogue) 10
A : ?
B : .

Unit 13, Task 7
: , ?
: Our House .
: ?
: .
: ?
: .
: ?
: The Burden of Proof .
: ?
: . ?
: Cold Steel The Simpsons .
: ?
: Cold Steel .
The Simpsons .

Unit 14, Task 2
(Dialogue) 1
: ?
: , .
: ?
: . ?
: ?

367
: ? .
: ?
: , .

(Dialogue) 2
: ?
: , .
: ?
: . ?
: ?
: ? , .
: ?
: ? , .

(Dialogue) 3
: ?
: , . ?
: , . ?
: . ?
: , . ?
: , ?
.
: , .


368
Unit 14, Task 3
(Dialogue) 1
A : ?
B : , .
A : ?
B :

(Dialogue) 2
A : ?
B : , .
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 3
A : ?
B : , .
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 4
A : ?
B : , .
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 5
A : ?
B : , .

369
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 6
A : ?
B : , .
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 7
A : ?
B : , .
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 8
A : ?
B : , .
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 9
A : ?
B : , .
A : ?
B : .


370
(Dialogue) 10
A : ?
B : , .
A : ?
B : .

Unit 14, Task 7
(Dialogue) 1
A : ?
B : .
A : .
B : J urassic Park .
A : J urassic Park .
J urassic Park The Piano .

(Dialogue) 2
A : ?
B : .
A : .
B : .
A : . .

(Dialogue) 3
A : ?
B : .
A : . .


371
(Dialogue) 4
A : , ?
B : .
A : , ?
B : , .
A : , .

Unit 14, Task 10
(Dialogue) 1
: , ?
: , .
: ?
: , . ?
: , . , ?
: , . .
?
: . .
: , . , ?
: , . ?
: . , .

(Dialogue) 2
: , ?
: ? ?
: , .
: ?
: . . ?
: . .

372
, .
: . , .
: . , ?
: . .
: .
.
: .

Unit 15, Task 2
(Dialogue) 1
A: ?
B: .

(Dialogue) 2
A: ?
B: .

(Dialogue) 3
A: ?
B: . ?
A: .

(Dialogue) 4
A: ?
B: . ?
A: .

TRANSCRIPT OF LISTENING TASKS 373
(Dialogue) 5
A: ?
B: , .
A: ? ?
B: .

(Dialogue) 6
A: ?
B: , . ?
A: . .

Unit 15, Task 5
(Dialogue) 1
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 2
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 3
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 4
A : ?
B : .


374
(Dialogue) 5
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 6
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 7
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 8
A : ?
B : .

Unit 15, Task 11
: ?
: .
: . ?
: .
.
?
: .
?
: . .


375
Unit 16, Task 2
(Dialogue) 1
: ?
(information) : .

(Dialogue) 2
: ?
: .

(Dialogue) 3
: ?
: .

(Dialogue) 4
: ?
: .

(Dialogue) 5
: ?
: .

(Dialogue) 6
: ?
: .

Unit 16, Task 3
(Dialogue) 1
: ?

376
: .
: .

(Dialogue) 2
: ?
: .
: .

(Dialogue) 3
: ?
: .
: .

(Dialogue) 4
: ?
: .
: .

(Dialogue) 5
: ?
: .
: .

(Dialogue) 6
: ?
: .
: .


377
(Dialogue) 7
: ?
: .
: .

(Dialogue) 8
: ?
: .
: .

(Dialogue) 9
: ?
: .
: .

(Dialogue) 10
: ?
: .
: .

Unit 16, Task 5
(Dialogue) 1
: ?
: . .

(Dialogue) 2
: ?
: . .

378
(Dialogue) 3
: ?
: . .

(Dialogue) 4
: ?
: . .

Unit 16, Task 6
(Dialogue) 1
: ?
: . .

(Dialogue) 2
: ?
: . .

(Dialogue) 3
: ?
: . .

(Dialogue) 4
: ?
: . .

Unit 16, Task 9
(Dialogue) 1
A : ?

379
B : .

(Dialogue) 2
A : ?
B : .
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 3
A : ?
B : .
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 4
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 5
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 6
A : ?
B : .


380
Unit 17, Task 4
: , ?
: .
: ?
: .
: , . , ?
: .
: ,
?
: .
: . .
: .
: , . , ?
: .
: , ?
: , . .
, ?
: .
:
?
: , . .
?
: .

Unit 17, Task 6
(Dialogue) 1
: , ?

381
: Richmond .
: ?
: .
: .
: .

(Dialogue) 2
: ,
?
: Boxhill .
: ?
: .
: .
: .

(Dialogue) 3
: , ?
: Glen Waverley .
: ?
: .
: .
: .

(Dialogue) 4
: , ?
: Hawthorn .
: ?
: .

382
: .
: .

(Dialogue) 5
: , ?
: Clayton .
: ?
: .
: .
: .

Unit 17, Task 8
(Self-introduction) 1
.
. .
. .

.
. .
. .

.
. .
. .


383
.
. .
. .

Unit 17, Task 12
. .
.

.
.

.
.

.
.

. .
.

.
.

.
.


384
.
.

. .
.

.
.

.
.

.
.

. .
.

.
.
.
.

.
.


385
Unit 17, Task 13
: , ?
: .
: ?
: .
: , . , ?
: .
: .
:
.
: , . .
,...
?
: , .
.
: ?
: , . .

Unit 18, Task 3
1. . 2. .
3. . 4. .
5. . 6. .
7. . 8. .
9. . 10. .
11. . 12. .


386
Unit 18, Task 4
1. . .
2. . --FALSE-- .
3. . .
4. . --FALSE-- .
5. . --FALSE-- .
6. . .
7. . --FALSE--
8. .
9. . --FALSE-- .
10. . .
11. . .
12. . --FALSE-- .
13. . .
14. . .
15. . .

Unit 18, Task 5
(Dialogue) 1
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 2
A : ?
B : .


387
(Dialogue) 3
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 4
A : .
B : .

(Dialogue) 5
A : ?
B : .

(Dialogue) 6
A : .
B : , .

Unit 18, Task 7
: ?
Paul:
.
: ? ? ?
Paul:
... .

.
: ?
Paul:
, .
: ? ?
Paul:
, .

.


388
Unit 18, Task 9
(Dialogue) 1
: ?
: .
: .

(Dialogue) 2
: ?
: .
: . .

(Dialogue) 3
: ?
: .
: . .

Unit 18, Task 12
(Dialogue) 1
A : ?
B : .
A : ?
B : , .
A : ?
B : , . .

(Dialogue) 2
A : ?
B : .

389
A : ?
B : . .

(Dialogue) 3
A : ?
B : .
A : ?
B : , .

(Dialogue) 4
A : ?
B : .
A : ?
B : , , .
.

Unit 18, Task 13
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.

390
Unit 19, Task 2
1. . , . .

2. . . .

3. . . .

4. . .

5. . .

6. . .

7. . .

8. . .

Unit 19, Task 3
(Dialogue) 1
A : ?
B : .
, .

(Dialogue) 2
A : ?
B : . , , .
.


391
(Dialogue) 3
A : ?
B : . ,
.

(Dialogue) 4
A : ?
B : . , .
.

Unit 19, Task 7
(Dialogue) 1
: ! ?
: ? , .
: , . !
: . .
: ?
: , .

?
: , .

, ! .
: ! ?
: , .

(Dialogue) 2
: ! ?

392
: ? , .
: , . !
: .
: , ?
: , .

?
: , .

, ! .
: ! ?
: , .

Unit 19, Task 11
: . ?
: MP3 .
: MP3 .
: , .
: ? ...
: ?
: . .
: , .

. ?
: , ?
: .
: .
: , ?
: , .

393
: .
: . .
: .
: ...
: .
: , . .
: ?
: , . .

Unit 20, Task 4
(Dialogue) 1
A : , .
B : ?
A : .
B : ?
A : , .
B : ?
A : , .

(Dialogue) 2
A : , .
B : .
A : .
B : ?
A : .
B : ?
A : , .

394
(Dialogue) 3
A : , .
B : ?
A : .
B : ?
A : , .

(Dialogue) 4
A : , .
B : ?
A : .
B : ?
A : , .

Unit 20, Task 8
A: ?
B: ?
A: ?
B: , . .
A: , , ?
B: .
A: ?
B: ?
A: .
B: . .
A: , . , ?
B: .
A: , .

APPENDIX

APPENDIX 396
Notes for Verb and Adjecti ve Tables

An asterisk (*) following a word in the table is used to indicate an exception
to the conjugation rule. For example, is the honorific form of eat
(not ).

Where headings do not distinguish between a question or statement form,
the same form is used for both.

An x indicates that the conjugation for that cell is not applicable. For
example, there is no formal honorific form of (cheap), ,
because the subject of the sentence would not be a human being and
therefore we cannot use an honorific form.

A q following a word in the table is used to indicate that the form given
only applies to questions. For example, ? can only be used to
say Do you find it delicious? and not That food is delicious, because the
subject of the sentence is not a human being and therefore we cannot use an
honorific form.

The Korean words for handsome, old (human being), old (things), thin
(people) and ugly are often used with , so this has been added to the
stems of each (stem+):

+
+
+
+
+
APPENDIX 397
For certain perception words such (interesting) and (tired),
the honorific statement form(+) cannot be used for third persons.
Therefore, this form has been omitted from the tables, where the +/
form can be used as the alternative.
(hate; dislike) is listed under the title of adjectives since it is an adjective
in Korean and does not follow the same conjugation rules as a verb.

Instead of dictionary form, the verb or adjective stem has been provided in
the following appendices. Therefore, you will need to add to the stem to
look up a particular word in the dictionary. For example,would appear
under .
APPENDIX 398
Special Conjugation Rules of Verb & Adjecti ve

rule
When the stem ends in , the is removed when the next
syllable starts with a vowel. For example, (build) becomes
( build) and (if you build).

Rule
syllable starts with a vowel . For example, becomes
(listen).

rule
syllable starts with , , , , or . For example, (long)
becomes (is long) and (because its long).

rule
When the stem ends in , the changes into before +
and before +. For example, becomes (help)
and becomes (beautiful).

rule
When the stem ends in , the is deleted when the next
syllable starts with a vowel. For example, (big)
becomes (is big) and (sick) becomes (is sick).

rule
When forming the +/ form of stems that end in , is
deleted and +/are added to the stem. For example
becomes (cut) and becomes (sing).

rule
For stems ending in , can be found instead of in
some formal writing.

APPENDIX 399

rule
When the adjective stem ends in , the is deleted when the
next syllable starts with or . For example,
becomes (ifis blue).

The following rules are less common:

rule
When forming the +/form of (go) to give a
command, is used.

rule
When forming the +/form of (come) to give a
command, is used.

rule
When forming the + or +form of some stems such as
and , + and + are used instead. For example,
(reach so that); (is blue so that).

rule
When forming the + or +form of some stems such as
, is deleted. For example (scoop up and).

APPENDIX 400
Appendix 1: Copular be

Present Tense (is and are)
Casual
Question
Casual
Question
Casual Polite Honorific
be +?
+?
+?
+?
+
+
+
+
+
+
be not ? ?

Past Tense (was and were)
Casual
Question
Casual
Question
be +?
+?
+?
+?
+
+
+
+
+
+
be not ? ?

Future Tense (will be)
Casual
Question
Casual
Question
be x x (+ )
+
(+ )
+
+
+
be not x x

With +() ending
Present Past Future (Suppostition)
be (+())
+()
+()
+()
(+ ())
+ ()
be not () x ()

APPENDIX 401

Formal
Statement

Formal
Statement
Honorific
Formal
Question

Formal
Question
Honorific
be (+)
+
+
+
(+?)
+?
+?
+?
be not ? ?

Formal
Statement

Formal
Statement
Honorific
Formal
Question

Formal
Question
Honorific
be +
+
+
+
+?
+?
+?
+?
be not ? ?

Formal
Statement

Formal
Statement
Honorific
Formal
Question

Formal
Question
Honorific
be (+ )
+
+
+
x x
be not x x

With +ending
Present Past Future (Suppostition)
be +
+
+
+
(+ )
+
be not

APPENDIX 402
Appendix 2: Verb Present Tense Endings

Stem Casual
Question
+?
Casual
Question
+?
Casual
(Polite)
+/()
Honorific

+()
ask
()
build
()
buy
()
call
()
choose
()
clean
()
come
()
cook
() ()
dance
() ()
do
()
draw
()
drink
() *
eat
() *
give
()
go
()
go regularly
()
help
()
leave
()
listen
()
live
()
marry
()
meet
()
order
()

APPENDIX 403

Formal Statement

+/
Formal Statement
Honorific
+()
Formal Question

+/?
Formal Question
Honorific
+()?

* *
* *

APPENDIX 404

Stem Casual
Question
+?
Casual
Question
+?
Polite

+/
Honorific

+()
play
()
quit (job)
()
quit (smoking)
()
read
()
rest
()
sing
()
sit down
()
sleep
() *
smoke
()
speak
()
stand up
()
start
()
study
()
swim
()
take (vehicle)
()
talk
() *
wait
()
walk
()
watch
()
wear
()
wear (shoes)
()
work
()
write
()

APPENDIX 405
Formal
Statement
+/
Formal Statement
Honorific
+()
Formal Question

+/?
Formal Question
Honorific
+()?

* *

* *

APPENDIX 406
Appendix 3: Verb Past Tense Endings

Stem Casual
Question
+/?
Casual
Question
+/?
Casual
(Polite)
+/()
Honorific

+()
ask
()
build
()
buy
()
call
()
choose
()
clean
()
come
()
cook
() ()
dance
() ()
do
()
draw
()
drink
() *
eat
() *
give
()
go
()
go regularly
()
help
()
leave
()
listen
()
live
()
marry
()
meet
()
order
()

APPENDIX 407

Formal Statement

+/
Formal Statement
Honorific
+()
Formal Question

+/?
Formal Question
Honorific
+()?

* *
* *

APPENDIX 408

Stem Casual
Question
+/?
Casual
Question
+/?
Casual
(Polite)
+/()
Honorific

+()
play
()
quit (job)
()
quit
(smoking)
()
read
()
rest
()
sing
()
sit down
()
sleep
() *
smoke
()
speak
()
stand up
()
start
()
study
()
swim
()
take (vehicle)
()
talk
() *
wait
()
walk
()
watch
()
wear
()
wear (shoes)
()
work
()
write
()

APPENDIX 409
Formal Statement

+/
Formal Statement
Honorific
+()
Formal Question

+/?
Formal Question
Honorific
+()?

* *

* *

APPENDIX 410
Appendix 4: Verb Future Tense Endings

Stem Casual

+()
Polite

+()
Honorific

+()
ask

build

buy

call

choose

clean

come

cook
()
dance
()
do

draw

drink
*
eat
*
give

go

go regularly

help

leave

listen

live

marry

meet

order

APPENDIX 411

Formal Statement

+()
Formal Statement
Honorific
+()
Formal Question

+() ?
Formal Question
Honorific
+() ?
?

* *
* *

APPENDIX 412

Stem Casual

+()
Polite

+()
Honorific

+()
play

quit (job)

quit (smoking)

read

rest

sing

sit down

sleep
*
smoke

speak

stand up

start

study

swim

take (vehicle)

talk
*
wait

walk

watch

wear

wear (shoes)

work

write

APPENDIX 413
Formal Statement

+()
Formal Statement
Honorific
+()
Formal Question

+() ?
Formal Question
Honorific
+() ?

* *

* *

APPENDIX 414
Appendix 5: Verb with +()()?; +()(),

Stem Shall we?

+()() ?
I want to /
Do you want to?
+()()
ask
() ()
build
() ()
buy
() ()
call
() ()
choose
() ()
clean
() ()
come
() ()
cook
() () ()
dance
() () ()
do
() ()
draw
() ()
drink
() ()
eat
() ()
give
() ()
go
() ()
go regularly
() ()
help
() ()
leave
() ()
listen
() ()
live
() ()
marry
() ()
meet
() ()
order
() ()
APPENDIX 415
+()()?; +()?; +()(),+
Would you like to?
(Honorific)
+()?
Would you like to?
(Honorific Formal)
+()?
I will

+()()
I will
(Very Polite Formal)
+
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
* * ()
* * ()
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
()

APPENDIX 416

Stem Shall we?

+()() ?
I want to /
Do you want to?
+()()
play
() ()
quit (job)
() ()
quit (smoking)
() ()
read
() ()
rest
() ()
sing
() ()
sit down
() ()
sleep
() ()
smoke
() ()
speak
() ()
stand up
() ()
start
() ()
study
() ()
swim
() ()
take (vehicle)
() ()
talk
() ()
wait
() ()
walk
() ()
watch
() ()
wear
() ()
wear (shoes)
() ()
work
() ()
write
() ()

APPENDIX 417
Would you like to?
(Honorific)
+()?
Would you like to?
(Honorific Formal)
+()?
I will

+()()
I will
(Very Polite Formal)
+
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
* * ()
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
* * () *
()
()
()
()
()
()
()

APPENDIX 418
Appendix 6: Verbs with +; +

Stem Lets
+
and
+
ask

build

buy

call

choose

clean

come

cook
()
dance
()
do

draw

drink

eat

give

go

go regularly

help

leave

listen

live

marry

meet

order

APPENDIX 419

Stem Lets
+
and
+
play

quit (job)

quit (smoking)

read

rest

sing

sit down

sleep

smoke

speak

stand up

start

study

swim

take (vehicle)

talk

wait

walk

watch

wear

wear (shoes)

work

write

APPENDIX 420
Appendix 7: Verbs with +(),+/()

Stem and / but
(present)
+()
and / but
(past)
+/()
and / but
(future)
+() ()
ask
() () ()
build
() () ()
buy
() () ()
call
() () ()
choose
() () ()
clean
() () ()
come
() () ()
cook
() () () ()
dance
() () () ()
do
() () ()
draw
() () ()
drink
() () ()
eat
() () ()
give
() () ()
go
() () ()
go regularly
() () ()
help
() () ()
leave
() () ()
listen
() () ()
live
() () ()
marry
() () ()
meet
() () ()
order
() () ()

APPENDIX 421
& +() ()

Stem and / but
(present)
+()
and / but
(past)
+/()
and / but
(future)
+() ()
play
() () ()
quit (job)
() () ()
quit (smoking)
() () ()
read
() () ()
rest
() () ()
sing
() () ()
sit down
() () ()
sleep
() () ()
smoke
() () ()
speak
() () ()
stand up
() () ()
start
() () ()
study
() () ()
swim
() () ()
take (vehicle)
() () ()
talk
() () ()
wait
() () ()
walk
() () ()
watch
() () ()
wear
() () ()
wear (shoes)
() () ()
work
() () ()
write
() () ()

APPENDIX 422
Appendix 8: Verbs with +(),+/()

Stem Its because
(present)
+()
Its because
(past)
+/()
Its because
(future)
+() ()
ask
() () ()
build
() () ()
buy
() () ()
call
() () ()
choose
() () ()
clean
() () ()
come
() () ()
cook
() () () ()
dance
() () () ()
do
() () ()
draw
() () ()
drink
() () ()
eat
() () ()
give
() () ()
go
() () ()
go regularly
() () ()
help
() () ()
leave
() () ()
listen
() () ()
live
() () ()
marry
() () ()
meet
() () ()
order
() () ()

APPENDIX 423
&+() ()

Stem Its because
(present)
+()
Its because
(past)
+/()
Its because
(future)
+()
play
() () ()
quit (job)
() () ()
quit (smoking)
() () ()
read
() () ()
rest
() () ()
sing
() () ()
sit down
() () ()
sleep
() () ()
smoke
() () ()
speak
() () ()
stand up
() () ()
start
() () ()
study
() () ()
swim
() () ()
take (vehicle)
() () ()
talk
() () ()
wait
() () ()
walk
() () ()
watch
() () ()
wear
() () ()
wear (shoes)
() () ()
work
() () ()
write
() () ()

APPENDIX 424
Appendix 9: Casual Verb Endings+/,+/,

Stem Present
+/
Past
+/
Future
+()
ask

build

buy

call

choose

clean

come

cook
()
dance
()
do

draw

drink

eat

give

go

go regularly

help

leave

listen

live

marry

meet

order

APPENDIX 425
+() ; +()?; +(); +()
Shall we?
+()?
I want to
+()
I will
+()

APPENDIX 426

Stem Present
+/
Past
+/
Future
+()
play

quit (job)

quit (smoking)

read

rest

sing

sit down

sleep

smoke

speak

stand up

start

study

swim

take (vehicle)

talk

wait

walk

watch

wear

wear (shoes)

work

write

APPENDIX 427
Shall we?
+()?
I want to
+()
I will
+()

APPENDIX 428
Appendix 10: Verbs with +(); +(); +();

Stem in order to

+()
if

+()
because

+()
ask
build
buy
call
choose
clean
come x
cook
dance ()
do
draw
drink
eat
give
go x
go regularly
help
leave
listen
live
marry
meet
order

APPENDIX 429
+; + (); +/; +/ ()
but

+
dont

+ ()
so that

+/
have to
+/
+/
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()

APPENDIX 430

Stem in order to

+()
if

+()
because

+()
play
quit (job)
quit (smoking)
read
rest
sing
sit down
sleep
smoke
stand up
start
study
swim
take (vehicle)
talk
talk
wait
walk
watch
wear
wear (shoes)
work
write

APPENDIX 431
but

+
dont

+ ()
so that

+/
have to
+/
+/
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
APPENDIX 432
Appendix 11: Modified Verb Endings +, +()

Stem present
+
past
+()
future
+()
ask
build
buy
call
choose
clean
come
cook (
dance ()
do
draw
drink
eat
give
go
go regularly
help
leave
listen
live
marry
meet
order

APPENDIX 433
& +()

Stem present
+
past
+()
future
+()
play
quit (job)
quit (smoking)
read
rest
sing
sit down
sleep
smoke
speak
stand up
start
study
swim
take (vehicle)
talk
wait
walk
watch
wear
wear (shoes)
work
write
APPENDIX 434
Appendix 12: Verbs with +/ ? and
+/

shall I do ?
+/ ?
please, do
+/
bring * *
cut
dryclean
exchange it
fill up
give discount
go
help (somebody)
introduce (someone)
iron
jot down
lend
perm
put in
put (someone) through
recommend
shave
show
show around
sign
speak (slowly) () ()
wake
wrap
write down

APPENDIX 435
Note: * ? / These are very common expressions which
are similar to those given above. However these are not example of the +/
or +/ form. At this stage you only need to memorize them.
APPENDIX 436
Appendix 13: Verbs with +/

+/
ask Just ask me (or him/her).
come Please come here (and Ill tell you something).
dance Make an attempt to dance.
drink Try (drinking) it and see if you like it.
eat Try (eating) it and see if you like it.
find Try to find it.
get in Please get in (my car) (and Ill tell you something).
go Please go and try.
listen Listen to it (and see what you think) or
listen Make an attempt to listen.
meet Meet him/her (and see how it turns out).
order Try ordering (this dish or product).
put on Try putting this on. (for shoes and socks)
put on Try putting this on. (for hats)
put on Try putting this on. (for clothes, dresses, coats, pants)
read Make an attempt to read it (and see what you/I think).
ring Try ringing him/her.
sing Make an attempt to sing it (and see what you/I think)
sit down Sit down here (and Ill tell you something).
sit down Try sitting down here (and see if its comfortable).
speak Please speak up (If you tell me I will listen)
think Have a think about it.
try Please try. (or Make an attempt.) Have a go at it.
use Try using it.
write Try writing it.
APPENDIX 437

APPENDIX 438
Appendix 14: Adjective Present Tense Endings

Stem Casual
Question
+?
Casual
Question
+?
Casual
(Polite)
+/()
Honorific

+()
afraid
()
bad
()
beautiful
()
big
()
boring
()
bright
()
busy
()
cheap
()
q

clean
()
close
()
cloudy
()
cold(thing)
()
cold
()
complicated
()
cool
()
cute
()
dangerous
()
dark
()
deep
()
delicious
()
q

APPENDIX 439

Formal Statement

+/
Formal Statement
Honorific
+()
Formal Question

+/?
Formal Question
Honorific
+()?

x x

x

x

x

APPENDIX 440

Stem Casual
Question
+?
Casual
Question
+?
Casual
(Polite)
+/()
Honorific

+()
difficult
()
diligent
()
dirty
()
easy
()
expensive
()
far
()
fat
()
fine(weather)
()
fun
(enjoyable)
()
good
()
handsome
+ ()
happy
()
happy
()
hate/dislike
()
q

heavy
()
high
()
hot
()
hot (spicy)
()
hot
(temperature)
()
q

interesting
(fun )
()

APPENDIX 441
Formal Statement

+/
Formal Statement
Honorific
+()
Formal Question

+/?
Formal Question
Honorific
+()?

x

APPENDIX 442

Stem Casual
Question
+?
Casual
Question
+?
Casual
(Polite)
+/()
Honorific

+()
interesting
(attention)
()
q

kind
()
lazy
()
light
()
long
()
low
()
narrow
()
noisy
()
numerous
()
old (people)
+ ()
old (thing)
+ () x
pretty
()
quick
()
quiet
()
sad
()
q

salty
()
shallow
()
short
()
sick
()
slim
()

APPENDIX 443
Formal Statement

+/
Formal Statement
Honorific
+()
Formal Question

+/?
Formal Question
Honorific
+()?

x

x x

x

APPENDIX 444

Stem Casual
Question
+?
Casual
Question
+?
Casual
(Polite)
+/()
Honorific

+()
slow
()
small
()
small
(quantity)
()
smart
()
strong
()
tall
()
tasteless
()
q

thick
()
thin (people)
+ ()
thin (thing)
()
thirsty
()
q

tired
()
q

ugly
+ ()
warm
()
weak
()
wide
()
young
()

APPENDIX 445
Formal Statement

+/
Formal Statement
Honorific
+()
Formal Question

+/?
Formal Question
Honorific
+()?

x

x
x

APPENDIX 446
Appendix 15: Adjective Past Tense Endings

Stem Casual
Question
+/?
Casual
Question
+/?
Casual
(Polite)
+/()
Honorific

+()
afraid
()
bad
()
beautiful
()
big
()
boring
()
bright
()
busy
()
cheap
()
q

clean
()
close
()
cloudy
()
cold (thing)
()
cold
()
q

complicated
()
cool
()
cute
()
dangerous
()
dark
()
deep
()
delicious
()
q

APPENDIX 447

Formal Statement

+/
Formal Statement
Honorific
+()
Formal Question

+/?
Formal Question
Honorific
+()?

x x

x

x

APPENDIX 448

Stem Casual
Question
+/?
Casual
Question
+/?
Casual
(Polite)
+/()
Honorific

+()
difficult
()
diligent
()
dirty
()
easy
()
expensive
()
far
()
fat
()
fine
(weather)
()
fun
(enjoyable)
()
good
()
handsome
+ ()
happy

()

happy
()
hate/dislike
()
q

heavy
()
high
()
hot
()
hot (spicy)
()
hot
(temperature)
()
q

interesting
(fun )
()
q

APPENDIX 449
Formal Statement

+/
Formal Statement
Honorific
+()
Formal Question

+/?
Formal Question
Honorific
+()?

x

*

q

x

APPENDIX 450

Stem Casual
Question
+/?
Casual
Question
+/?
Casual
(Polite)
+/()
Honorific

+()
interesting
(attention)
()
kind
()
lazy
()
light
()
long
() *
low
()
narrow
()
noisy
()
numerous
()
old (people)
+ ()
old (thing)
+ () x
pretty
()
quick
()
quiet
()
sad
()
q

salty
()
shallow
()
short
()
sick
()
slim
()

APPENDIX 451
Formal Statement

+/
Formal Statement
Honorific
+()
Formal Question

+/?
Formal Question
Honorific
+()?

x

x x

x

APPENDIX 452

Stem Casual
Question
+/?
Casual
Question
+/?
Casual
(Polite)
+/()
Honorific

+()
slow
()
small
()
small
(quantity)
()
smart
()
strong
()
tall
()
tasteless
()
q

thick
()
thin
(people)
+ ()
thin (thing)
()
thirsty
()
q

tired
()
q

ugly
+ ()
warm
()
weak
()
wide
()
young
()

APPENDIX 453
Formal Statement

+/
Formal Statement
Honorific
+()
Formal Question

+/?
Formal Question
Honorific
+()?

x

x
x

APPENDIX 454
Appendix 16: Adjective Future Tense Endings
Stem

Supposition
Casual
+()
Supposition
Polite
+()
afraid

bad

beautiful

big

boring

bright

busy

cheap

clean

close

cloudy

cold(thing)

cold

complicated

cool

cute

dangerous

dark

deep

delicious

APPENDIX 455

Supposition
Honorific
+()
Supposition
Polite Formal
+()
Supposition
Honorific Formal
+()

APPENDIX 456
Stem

Supposition
Casual
+()
Supposition
Polite
+()
difficult

diligent

dirty

easy

expensive

far

fat

fine(weather)

fun (enjoyable)

good

handsome
+
happy

happy

hate/dislike

heavy

high

hot

hot (spicy)

hot (temperature)

interesting (fun )

APPENDIX 457
Supposition
Honorific
+()
Supposition
Polite Formal
+()
Supposition
Honorific Formal
+()

APPENDIX 458
Stem

Supposition
Casual
+()
Supposition
Polite
+()
interesting
(attention)

kind

lazy

light

long

low

narrow

noisy

numerous

old (people)
(future)
+ (supposition)

old (thing)
(future)
+ (supposition)

pretty

quick

quiet

sad

salty

shallow

short

sick

slim

APPENDIX 459
Supposition
Honorific
+()
Supposition
Polite Formal
+()
Supposition
Honorific Formal
+()

* *

/
*

x

x

APPENDIX 460
Stem

Supposition
Casual
+()
Supposition
Polite
+()
slow

small

small (quantity)

smart

strong

tall

tasteless

thick

thin(people)
+
thin(thing)

thirsty

tired

ugly
+
warm

weak

wide

young

APPENDIX 461
Supposition
Honorific
+()
Supposition
Polite Formal
+()
Supposition
Honorific Formal
+()

APPENDIX 462
Appendix 17: Adjectives with +; +()
Stem and
+
Exclamation
+()
afraid
()
bad
()
beautiful
()
big
()
boring
()
bright
()
busy
()
cheap
()
clean
()
close
()
cloudy
()
cold(thing)
()
cold
()
complicated
()
cool
()
cute
()
dangerous
()
dark
()
deep
()
delicious
()

APPENDIX 463

Stem and
+
Exclamation
+()
difficult
()
diligent
()
dirty
()
easy
()
expensive
()
far
()
fat
()
fine(weather)
()
fun (enjoyable)
()
good
()
handsome
+ ()
happy
()
happy
()
hate/dislike
()
heavy
()
high
()
hot
()
hot (spicy)
()
hot (temperature)
()
interesting (fun )
()

APPENDIX 464
Stem and
+
Exclamation
+()
interesting
(attention)
()
kind
()
lazy
()
light
()
long
()
low
()
narrow
()
noisy
()
numerous
()
old (people)
+ ()
old (thing)
+ ()
pretty
()
quick
()
quiet
()
sad
()
salty
()
shallow
()
short
()
sick
()
slim
()

APPENDIX 465
Stem and
+
Exclamation
+()
slow
()
small
()
small (quantity)
()
smart
()
strong
()
tall
()
tasteless
()
thick
()
thin(people)
+ ()
thin(thing)
()
thirsty
()
tired
()
ugly
+ ()
warm
()
weak
()
wide
()
young
()

APPENDIX 466
Appendix 18: Adjectives with +()(),
Stem and / but
(present)
+()()
and / but
(past)
+/()
and / but
(future)
+() ()
afraid
() () ()
bad
() () ()
beautiful
() () ()
big
() () ()
boring
() () ()
bright
() () ()
busy
() () ()
cheap
() () ()
clean
() () ()
close
() () ()
cloudy
() () ()
cold(thing)
() () ()
cold
() () ()
complicated
() () ()
cool
() () ()
cute
() () ()
dangerous
() () ()
dark
() () ()
deep
() () ()
delicious
() () ()

APPENDIX 467
+() & +() ()
Stem and / but
(present)
+()()
and / but
(past)
+/()
and / but
(future)
+() ()
difficult
() () ()
diligent
() () ()
dirty
() () ()
easy
() () ()
expensive
() () ()
far
() () ()
fat
() () ()
fine(weather)
() () ()
fun (enjoyable)
() () ()
good
() () ()
handsome
+ () () ()
happy
() () ()
happy
() () ()
hate/dislike
() () ()
heavy
() () ()
high
() () ()
hot
() () ()
hot (spicy)
() () ()
hot (temperature)
() () ()
interesting (fun )
() () ()

APPENDIX 468
Stem and / but
(present)
+()()
and / but
(past)
+/()
and / but
(future)
+() ()
interesting
(attention)
() () ()
kind
() () ()
lazy
() () ()
light
() () ()
long
() () ()
low
() () ()
narrow
() () ()
noisy
() () ()
numerous
() () ()
old (people)
+ () () ()/
()
old (thing)
+ () () ()
()
pretty
() () ()
quick
() () ()
quiet
() () ()
sad
() () ()
salty
() () ()
shallow
() () ()
short
() () ()
sick
() () ()
slim
() () ()

APPENDIX 469
Stem and / but
(present)
+()()
and / but
(past)
+/()
and / but
(future)
+() ()
slow
() () ()
small
() () ()
small (quantity)
() () ()
smart
() () ()
strong
() () ()
tall
() () ()
tasteless
() () ()
thick
() () ()
thin(people)
+ () () ()
thin(thing)
() () ()
thirsty
() () ()
tired
() () ()
ugly
+ () () ()
warm
() () ()
weak
() () ()
wide
() () ()
young
() () ()

APPENDIX 470
Appendix 19: Adjectives with +(),
Stem Its because
(present)
+().
Its because
(past)
+/()
Its because
(future)
+() ()
afraid
() () ()
bad
() () ()
beautiful
() () ()
big
() () ()
boring
() () ()
bright
() () ()
busy
() () ()
cheap
() () ()
clean
() () ()
close
() () ()
cloudy
() () ()
cold(thing)
() () ()
cold
() () ()
complicated
() () ()
cool
() () ()
cute
() () ()
dangerous
() () ()
dark
() () ()
deep
() () ()
delicious
() () ()

APPENDIX 471
+/() & +() ()
Stem Its because
(present)
+().
Its because
(past)
+/()
Its because
(future)
+() ()
difficult
() () ()
diligent
() () ()
dirty
() () ()
easy
() () ()
expensive
() () ()
far
() () ()
fat
() () ()
fine(weather)
() () ()
fun (enjoyable)
() () ()
good
() () ()
handsome
+ () () ()
happy
() () ()
happy
() () ()
hate/dislike
() () ()
heavy
() () ()
high
() () ()
hot
() () ()
hot (spicy)
() () ()
hot
(temperature)
() () ()
interesting (fun )
() () ()

APPENDIX 472
Stem Its because
(present)
+().
Its because
(past)
+/()
Its because
(future)
+() ()
interesting
(attention)
() () ()
kind
() () ()
lazy
() () ()
light
() () ()
long
() () ()
low
() () ()
narrow
() () ()
noisy
() () ()
numerous
() () ()
old (people)
+ ()() () ()/
()
old (thing)
+ ()() () ()
()
pretty
() () ()
quick
() () ()
quiet
() () ()
sad
() () ()
salty
() () ()
shallow
() () ()
short
() () ()
sick
() () ()
slim
() () ()

APPENDIX 473
Stem Its because
(present)
+().
Its because
(past)
+/()
Its because
(future)
+() ()
slow
() () ()
small
() () ()
small (quantity)
() () ()
smart
() () ()
strong
() () ()
tall
() () ()
tasteless
() () ()
thick
() () ()
thin(people)
+ () () ()
thin(thing)
() () ()
thirsty
() () ()
tired
() () ()
ugly
+ () () ()
warm
() () ()
weak
() () ()
wide
() () ()
young
() () ()

APPENDIX 474
Appendix 20: Casual Adjective Endings
Stem Present
+/
Past
+/
Future / Supposition
+()
afraid

bad

beautiful

big

boring

bright

busy

cheap

clean

close

cloudy

cold(thing)

cold

complicated

cool

cute

dangerous

dark

deep

delicious

APPENDIX 475
+/, +/, +()
Stem Present
+/
Past
+/
+()
difficult

diligent

dirty

easy

expensive

far

fat

fine(weather)

fun (enjoyable)

good

handsome
+
happy

happy

hate/dislike

heavy

high

hot

hot (spicy)

hot (temperature)

interesting (fun )

APPENDIX 476
Stem Present
+/
Past
+/
+()
interesting
(attention)

kind

lazy

light

long

low

narrow

noisy

numerous

old (people)
+ /

old (thing)
+

pretty

quick

quiet

sad

salty

shallow

short

sick

slim

APPENDIX 477
Stem Present
+/
Past
+/
+()
slow

small

small
(quantity)

smart

strong

tall

tasteless

thick

thin(people)
+
thin(thing)

thirsty

tired

ugly
+
warm

weak

wide

young

APPENDIX 478
Appendix 21: Adjectives with +; +/;
+(); +()
Stem but
+
so that
+/
because
+()
if
+()
afraid

bad

beautiful

big

boring

bright

busy

cheap

clean

close

cloudy

cold (thing)

cold

complicated

cool

cute

dangerous

dark

deep

delicious

APPENDIX 479
Stem but
+
so that
+/
because
+()
if
+()
difficult

diligent

dirty

easy

expensive

far

fat

fine
(weather)

fun
(enjoyable)

good

handsome
+
happy

happy

hate/dislike

heavy

high

hot

hot (spicy)

hot
(temperature)

interesting
(fun )

APPENDIX 480
Stem but
+
so that
+/
because
+()
if
+()
interesting
(attention)

kind

lazy

light

long

low

narrow

noisy

numerous

old (people)
+
old (thing)
+
pretty

quick

quiet

sad

salty

shallow

short

sick

slim

APPENDIX 481

Stem but
+
so that
+/
because
+()
if
+()
slow

small

small (quantity)

smart

strong

tall

tasteless

thick

thin (people)
+
thin (thing)

thirsty

tired

ugly
+
warm

weak

wide

young

APPENDIX 482
Appendix 22: Modified Adjective Endings +()
Stem present
+()
afraid
bad
beautiful
big
boring
bright
busy
cheap
clean
close
cloudy
cold(thing)
cold
complicated
cool
cute
dangerous
dark
deep
delicious

APPENDIX 483
Stem present
+()
difficult
diligent
dirty
easy
expensive
far
fat
fine(weather)
fun (enjoyable)
good
handsome
happy
happy
hate/dislike
heavy
high
hot
hot (spicy)
hot (temperature)
interesting (fun )

APPENDIX 484
Stem present
+()
interesting
(attention)

kind
lazy
light
long
low
narrow
noisy
numerous
old (people)
old (thing)
pretty
quick
quiet
sad
salty
shallow
short
sick
slim

APPENDIX 485
Stem present
+()
slow
small
small (quantity)
smart
strong
tall
tasteless
thick
thin (people)
thin (thing)
thirsty
tired
ugly
warm
weak
wide
young

APPENDIX 486
Appendix 23: Particles and Suffixes
+/
+ (honorific)
Topic Particles
(after nouns, pronouns)
.
.
+/
+ (honorific)
Subject Particles
.
.
+/ Object Particles
.
+/

+ (honorific)
Direction Particles
(with people)
to (a person)
.
.
+()/() Source Particles

from (a person)
.
+ Destination Particle

to (a location)
.
+() Dictection Particle

to, towards
.
+ Location Particle

in; at; on
.
+ Location Particle
(with action verb)
in; at; on
.
+ Time Particle In; at; on
.
+ Rate and Ratio Particle per
2000.
+() Instrument Particle by means of
.
+ Possessive
Particle
's

+ ...+ Delimiter Particles from ... to (distance)

+ + Delimiter Particles from ... to (time)

+ Delimiter Particle only
10
+ (with negative) Delimiter Particle only; no more than
10 .

APPENDIX 487
+ Delimiter Particle each, every, all

+ Emphasis Particle also, too

+ (+)
+ (+)
+ (+)
Combined Emphasis
Particles

+ Plural Suffix students

+
+/
+()
Conjunction Particles
(between nouns)
and

with

+() Conjunction Particles
(between nouns)
or

+ Comparision Particle rather than, compared with

Reasons

because of

APPENDIX 488
Appendix 24:
Korean Editing Symbols & Handwriting Sheet

Korean Editing Symbols
Symbols Meaning Example
or
Add a space
or
or
Delete a space
or

Delete

or

Insert

or

Replace

or
Replace

or

Change word
order

Cannot
understand

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