bi trc (Gii thiu, Cu Hnh v Ci t PHP) chng ta tm hiu v cch thc

cu hnh v ci t PHP. Tip theo chng ta s nghin cu v cu trc c bn trong

PHP. V tng quan PHP c c php kh tng ng vi 1 s ngn ng nh C, java.
Tuy nhin, t bn thn chng cng c nhng im rt ring bit.
1- Cu trc c bn:
PHP cng c th bt u v kt thc ging vi ngn ng HTML. Ch khc, i vi PHP
chng ta c nhiu cch th hin.
Cch 1 : C php chnh:
<?php M lnh PHP ?>
Cch 2: C php ngn gn
<? M lnh PHP ?>
Cch 3: C php ging vi ASP.
<% M lnh PHP %>
Cch 4: C php bt u bng script
<script language=php>
..
</script>
Mc d c 4 cch th hin. Nhng i vi 1 lp trnh vin c kinh nghim th vic s dng
cch 1 vn l la chon ti u.
Trong PHP kt thc 1 dng lnh chng ta s dng du ;
ch thch 1 on d liu no trong PHP ta s dng du // cho tng dng. Hoc
dng cp th /*..*/ cho tng cm m lnh.

2- Xut gi tr ra trnh duyt:
xut d liu ra trnh duyt chng ta c nhng dng c php sau :
+ Echo Thng tin;
+ Printf Thng tin;
Thng tin bao gm : bin, chui, hoc lnh HTML .

Nu gia hai chui mun lin kt vi nhau ta s dng du .

3- Khi nim bin, hng, chui v cc kiu d liu.
a) Bin trong PHP.
Bin c xem l vng nh d liu tm thi. V gi tr c th thay i c. Bin c bt
u bng k hiu $. V theo sau chng l 1 t, 1 cm t nhng phi vit lin hoc c
gch di.
1 bin c xem l hp l khi n tha cc yu t :
+ Tn ca bin phi bt u bng du gch di v theo sau l cc k t, s hay du gch
di.
+ Tn ca bin khng c php trng vi cc t kha ca PHP.
Trong PHP s dng 1 bin chng ta thng phi khai bo trc, tuy nhin i vi cc
lp trnh vin khi s dng h thng x l cng mt lc cc cng vic, ngha l va khi
bo va gn d liu cho bin.
Bn thn bin cng c th gn cho cc kiu d liu khc. V ty theo nh ca ngi lp
trnh mong mun trn chng.
Mt s v d v bin :

b) Khi nim v hng trong PHP.
Nu bin l ci c th thay i c th ngc li hng l ci chng ta khng th thay i
c. Hng trong PHP c nh ngha bi hm define theo c php: define (string
tn_hng, gi_tr_hng ).
Cng ging vi bin hng c xem l hp l th chng phi p ng 1 s yu t :
+ Hng khng c du $ trc tn.
+ Hng c th truy cp bt c v tr no trong m lnh
+ Hng ch c php gn gi tr duy nht 1 ln.
+ Hng thng vit bng ch in phn bit vi bin
V d :

c) Khi nim v chui:
Chui l mt nhm cc k t, s, khong trng, du ngt c t trong cc du nhy.
V d:
Huy
welcome to VietNam
to 1 bin chui, chng ta phi gn gi tr chui cho 1 bin hp l.
V d:
$fisrt_name= Nguyen;
$last_name= Van A;
lin kt 1 chui v 1 bin chng ta thng s dng du .
V d:

d) Kiu d liu trong PHP
Cc kiu d liu khc nhau chim cc lng b nh khc nhau v c th c x l theo
cch khc nhau khi chng c theo tc trong 1 script.
Trong PHP chng ta c 6 kiu d liu chnh nh sau :

Chng ta c th s dng hm dng sn gettype() ca PHP4 kim tra kiu ca bt k
bin.
V d:

Sau bi ny cc bn c nhng khi nim u tin v PHP, cc c php, cc kiu d liu,
v cch lm vic vi mi trng PHP nh th no. bi sau, chng ta s tip tc tip cn
vi cc thut ton v c php PHP mt cch r rng v quen thuc trong cc ngn ng lp
trnh.
Bi Tip Theo: BI 3: Ton t v biu thc trong PHP