CC CNG THC GII NHANH BTTN HO

I. HU C:
1) Tnh s ng phn ca:
-Ancol no, n chc (CnH2n+2O):
-Anehit n chc, no (CnH2nO) :
-Este no, n chc (CnH2nO2):
-Ete n chc, no (CnH2n+2O):

2n-2
2n-3
2n-2
1
(n-1)(n-2)
2

-S ng phn axit cacboxylict n chc no CnH2nO2 : 2n-3

-Xeton n chc, no (CnH2nO):

1
(n-2)(n-3)
2

-Amin n chc, no (CnH2n+3N):

2n-1

(1<n<6)
(2<n<7
(1<n<5)
(2<n<6)
(1<n<7)
(2<n<7)
(n<5)

S ng phn peptit ca phn t peptit cha n gc amino axit khc nhau: n!

2) Tnh s C ca ancol no hoc ankan da vo p chy:

nCO
S C = n
n
2

H 2O

CO2

3) t chy hon ton 1 mol ancol no, mch h A (CnH2n+2Ox) cn k mol O2 th:
n=

2k 1 x
3

4) t chy ancol n chc, no (hoc hh ancol n chc, no) to thnh CO2 v H2O th:
mCO2
mancol = m H O 11
5) Tnh s i, tri, tetra, .., n peptit ti a to bi hh gm x amino axit khc nhau
S n peptitmax = xn
6) Tnh s triglixerit to bi glixerol v cc axit cacboxylic bo:
2

S trieste =

n 2 ( n 1)
2

7) Tnh s ete to bi hh n ancol n chc:

n( n 1)
S ete =
2
8) Tnh khi lng amino axit A (cha n nhm NH2 v m nhm COOH) khi cho amino axit ny vo
dd cha a mol HCl, sau cho dd sau p tc dng v vi b mol NaOH:
m A = MA

ba
m

9) Tnh s lin kt theo s mol CO2 v H2O thu c khi t chy:

A l CxHy hoc CxHyOz mch h, chy cho n CO2 - n H 2O = k nA th A c s = (k+1)
10)* Cho hn hp gm anken CnH2n v H2 c PTK l M1, sau khi cho i qua bt Ni nung nng to
ra hh khng lm mt mu dd Br2 v c PTK l M2 th:
( M 2 2) M 1
n=
14( M 2 M 1 )
Ch : Dng khi H2 d hoc M2<28 vC
2( M 2 2) M 1
*i vi ankin: n =
14( M 2 M 1 )
II. V C:
1

1)Khi hp th ht 1 lng CO2 vo dd Ca(OH)2 hoc Ba(OH)2 th:

nkt ta = nOH nCO
(nkt ta nCO )
Ch : Ch p dng khi bit c baz p ht hoc to 2 mui
2) Khi hp th ht 1 lng CO2 vo dd cha hh gm NaOH v Ca(OH)2 hoc Ba)OH)2 th:
Tnh nCO32 nCO2 , sau so snh vi nCa xem cht no p ht v tnh kt ta theo cht

3) Tnh th tch CO2 cn hp th vo dd Ca(OH)2 thu c lng kt ta theo yu cu :

nCO2 n

nCO2 nOH n

4)Tnh th tch dd NaOH cn cho vo dd Al3+ xut hin lng kt ta theo yu cu:

nOH 3n

nOH 4n Al3 n

5) Tnh th tch dd HCl cn cho vo dd NaAlO2 xut hin 1 lng kt ta theo yu cu

nH n

nH 4n AlO2 3n

6) Tnh th tch dd NaOH cn cho vo dd Zn2+ thu c lng kt ta theo yu cu:

nOH 2n

nOH 4nZn2 2n
7) Tnh khi lng mui thu c khi ho tan ht hn hp kim loi bng:
* Dung dch H2SO4 to kh H2: mmui
* Dung dch HCl to kh H2: mmui

sunfat

clorua

= mhn hp kim loi + 96 n H

= mhn hp kim loi + 71 n H

8) Tnh khi lng mui thu c khi ho tan ht hn hp oxit kim loi bng:
* Dung dch H2SO4 long: mmui
* Dung dch HCl : : mmui

clorua

sunfat

= mhn hp oxit kim loi + 80 n H

2 SO4

= mhn hp oxit kim loi + 27,5 n HCl

2

9) Tnh khi lng mui nitrat thu c khi cho hn hp kim loi tc dng vi HNO3 d (khng c
s to thnh NH4NO3):

mmui nitrat = mkim loi + 62.( 3n NO n NO 8n N O 10n N )

2

Khng to kh no th s mol kh bng 0

10)Tnh s mol HNO3 cn dng ho tan hn hp cc kim loi (HNO3 phi d nu c Fe th s
ko to mui Fe2+):
n HNO3 4n NO 2n NO2 12n N 2 10n N 2O 10n NH 4 NO3

11) Tnh khi lng mui sunfat thu c khi cho hn hp cc kim loi p vi H2SO4,n to kh
SO2:

mmui = mkim loi + 96 n SO

12) Tnh s mol H2SO4,n cn dng ho tan hn hp kim loi to ra SO2:

n H 2 SO4 2n SO2

Ch : Nu c Fe d, Fe c th p vi Fe3+
13) Tnh khi lng mui thu c khi cho hh Fe v cc oxit st (d hn hp c bao nhiu cht
cng cho 1 kt qu) tc dng vi HNO3 d:
* To kh NO:

mmui =

242
80

(mhn hp + 24nNO)

* To kh NO2:

mmui =

242
80

(mhn hp + 8 n NO )

* To c NO v NO2:

mmui =

242
80

(mhn hp + 8 n NO + 24nNO)
2

14) Tnh khi lng mui thu c khi cho hh Fe v cc oxit st (d hn hp c bao
nhiu cht cng cho 1 kt qu) tc dng vi H2SO4,n d, gii phng kh SO2:

mmui =

400
160

(mhn hp + 16 n SO )
2

15) Tnh khi lng Fe dng ban u khi oxi ho lng st ny bng oxi hh rn X, nu:
* Ho tan X bng HNO3 long, d NO:
*

Ho tan X bng HNO3 c, nng, d NO2:

56
( mhn hp + 24nNO)
80
56
=
( mhn hp + 8 n NO2
80

mFe =
mFe

16) Tnh th tch NO hoc NO2 thu c kh cho hh sn phm sau p nhit nhm (hon ton hoc
ko hon ton) tc dng vi HNO3:
3

nNO =

n NO2

1
3

[3nAl + (3x-2y) n Fe O ]
x

= 3nAl + (3x-2y)

n Fe x O y

17) Tnh pH ca dd axit yu HA:

pH =

1
2

(log Kaxit + log Caxit = -log (.Caxit)

18) Tnh pH ca dd baz yu BOH:

1

pH = 14+ 2 (log Kbaz

+ log Cbaz )

19) Tnh pH ca dd gm axit yu HA v mui NaA:

Ca
pH = -(log Kaxit + log C )
m
20) *Tnh hiu sut tng hp NH3: Tin hnh tng hp t hh X (N2 v H2) c t l mol tng ng l
1:3, sau p to hh Y
MX
H% = 2 -2 M
Y
*Tnh hiu sut p hiro ho anken: tin hnh p hiro ho hh X (CnH2n v H2 c t l mol 1:1),
sau p to hh Y th:
MX
H% = 2 -2 M
Y
MX
*Tnh hiu sut p hiro ho anehit n chc, no: H% = 2 -2
MY
21) Tnh % ankan A tham gia p tch (gm tch nc v cracking): tch ankan A, to hh X th:
MA
%Ap = M 1
X
22) Tch V(lt) ankan A V (lt) hh X th: MA =

V'
V

MX

23) Cho kim loi M (c ho tr n) c hiroxit lng tnh, s mol OH dng kt ta hon ton
ion Mn+ sau tan ht kt ta l:
nOH = 4 n M =4 n M
24)

25) + O2 +HNO3(H2SO4 c, nng)

m gam m1gam (n: max)

Gi:
S mol kim loi a
S oxi ho cao nht (max) ca kim loi l n
S mol electron nhn (2) l t mol
Ta c:

Mt khc:
ne nhn = n e (oxi) + ne (2)

+ ng vi M l Fe (56), n = 3 ta c: m = 0.7.m1 + 5,6.t (2)

+ ng vi M l Cu (64), n = 2 ta c: m = 0.8.m1 + 6,4.t (3)