Top Science 3 - Activity Book With Answers PDF

Top Science 3 PRIMARY
ACTIVITY BOOK
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 1
14/10/11 8:45
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 2
14/10/11 8:45
CONTENTS
UNIT
Your body
Our senses
Living things
Vertebrate animals
Invertebrate animals
Machines
Planet Earth
Water
9
10
11
12
13
Air and weather

Landscapes
Villages and cities

Jobs
Work and services
14
Local government
15
Finding out about

the past
TERM ACTIVITIES
TOPICS
10
16
22
28
34
40
46
52
58
64
70
76
82
The human body

Your body moves
You grow and change
Sight
Hearing
Smell, taste and touch
Nutrition
Sensitivity
Reproduction
Mammals
Reptiles and birds
Fish and amphibians
Invertebrate animals
Insects
Machines
Simple and compound machines
The Earth, the Sun and the Moon
The Earth and the Moon move
Maps and globes
The different states of water

Water in nature
The water cycle
Air
Weather and climate
Weather and the

seasons
Inland landscapes
Coastal landscapes
Rivers, lakes and

reservoirs
Villages
Cities
Crop farming
Stockbreeding and fishing
Factory work
Services
Trade
Transport and
communications
Local councils
Municipal services
The passing of time
Memories from the past
The past and present

of cities and villages
88
94
PROJECTS AND GAMES
106
three
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 3
3
14/10/11 8:45
Unit
1 Match the photograph to the part of the body.

forearm
abdomen
thigh
Say whether these body parts are part of the head, the trunk or the limbs.
Picture 1 - limbs, Picture 2 - limbs, Picture 3 - trunk
2 Circle the odd word out.
HEAD
TRUNK
face
forehead
abdomen
UPPER LIMBS
arms
LOWER LIMBS
thighs
thorax
thighs
feet
abdomen
chin
forearm
back
forearms
hands
hands
legs
Point to and say the parts of the body in the photograph.
four
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 4
14/10/11 8:45
3 Label the organs. Complete the sentence.

brain
heart
lungs
kidney
stomach
muscle
intestines
bone
Your organs
are inside your body. They make your body function.
4 Find and write the differences.
MODEL ANSWER (M. A.)
Peter
Mark
curly hair
straight hair
glasses
no glasses
large eyes
small eyes
braces
no braces
tall
short
slim
robust
green eyes
brown eyes
five
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 5
5
14/10/11 8:45
5 Solve the riddles about parts of the body. Then, number.
3 I am inside your body. I am a living

thing. I grow with you.
Bone
.
4 Bones join together here.
Joint
.
1 I hold moveable joints together.

L igament
.
2 I stretch and contract.
I am attached to the bones
inside your arm.
Muscle
.
6 Write T (true) or F (false).

T Bones can be long, short or flat.
F The femur is a short bone.
T The skull is a fixed joint.
F Bones are not living things.
T Bones can grow.
T Moveable joints are found where the bones
move in one direction.
six
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 6
14/10/11 8:45
7 Label the muscles. Complete the sentences.

A
biceps
triceps
Bones and muscles work together to move your body. Muscles are flexible.
When the biceps
muscle contracts, the arm bends at the elbow.
When the triceps
muscle contracts, the arm stretches.
8 Complete the word puzzle. Find the missing word.

5
1
1
2
3
4
8
The skeleton
3
6
is made up of bones and supports the weight of the body.
seven
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 7
7
14/10/11 8:45
1
9 Look at the photographs of childhood. Unscramble and write sentences.
a. drink
Babies
mothers
11
their
milk
Babies drink their mothers milk
b. walk
learn
Babies
to
Babies learn to walk
12
c. start
to
Permanent
Permanent teeth start to grow
grow
teeth
.
10 Write A for adolescent or B for adult.

A They grow very quickly.
B They go out to work or look after the home.
A They start to grow facial and body hair.
B Their body is fully developed.
A Their voice gets deeper.
eight
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 8
14/10/11 8:45
11 Put the stages of Sarahs life in order.

5 Sarahs muscles are weaker, but she still
likes to do exercise.
1 Sarah learns to talk.
4 Sarah goes to work every day. She has got

two children.
3 Sarah suddenly grows a lot and develops
breasts.
2 Sarahs milk teeth start to fall out
and permanent teeth start to grow.
12 Draw ways to identify your friend.
iris
OPEN ANSWER
(O. A.)
O. A.
fingerprint
teeth
O. A.
O. A.
signature
Exchange books. Your partner guesses who the friend is.

nine
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 9
9
14/10/11 8:45
Unit
1 Write the senses. Then, draw the sense organs on the picture.
sight
smell
hearing
3
taste
touch
taste
touch
hearing
4
sight
smell
2 Label the diagrams of the inner eye and the outer eye.
Lens
R etina
E yelashes
Eyelid
Optic nerve
Pupil
I ris
I ris
Pupil
C ornea
10
ten
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 10
14/10/11 8:45
3 Match the sentence halves.

a. Light enters the eye
helps the eye focus.
b. The pupil is
a coloured ring.
c.
captures the light.
The iris is
d. The lens
through the cornea.
e. The retina
the hole in the centre of the iris.
4 How does the girl see the bird? Unscramble and write sentences.
a.
girls
flying
The
eyes
object
see
The girls eyes see a flying object
b. the
sent
through
to
This
optic
nerve
the
information
is
This information is sent to the brain through the optic nerve
c.
knows
and
brain
is
Her brain knows it is a bird and not a bee
it
Her
bird
brain
.
not
bee
.
eleven
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 11
11
14/10/11 8:45
2
5 Label the diagram of the ear.
A P
inna
B S
mall bones
C C
ochlea
D E
ar canal
E E
ardrum
F A
uditory nerve
6 Classify the parts of the ear.

small bones
Outer ear
ear canal
cochlea
pinna
Middle ear
ear canal
small bones
pinna
eardrum
eardrum
Inner ear
cochlea
10
7 Write about different ways you can take care of your ears.
M. A. You should keep your ears clean, dry your ears after having a shower or bath, visit
the doctor if you have an ear infection, use large headphones that cover the entire ear and
not listen to loud music. You should not use cotton buds.

12
twelve
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 12
14/10/11 8:45
8 Complete the sentences about hearing.

eardrum
sound waves
auditory nerve
vibrates
ear canal
When a guitar string vibrates
left
small bones
it produces sound.
It sends sound

waves
through
the air. If the guitar is on your left, the sound reaches your
left
ear first.
The sound goes through the pinna and enters the
canal
.
ear
The eardrum
vibrates when the sound reaches it.
The three small

bones
make the sound louder.
The cochlea sends sound through the
auditory
nerve
to the brain.
9 Put the sentences in order to describe how sound reaches the brain.
2 The cochlea sends the sound through the auditory nerve to the brain.
3 The brain interprets the information.
1 The sound captured by the ear is received by the cochlea.
10 Draw and label something that produces a pleasant sound and something that produces
an irritating sound.
O. A.
O. A.

thirteen
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 13
13
14/10/11 8:45
2
11 Read the sentences about the sense of smell. Write T (true) or F (false).
14
T The sense organ of smell is in your nose.

F We can distinguish five basic smells.
nose
T The nasal cavity has special smell receptors.

F Odours enter the nose through
the olfactory bulb.
T The inside of the mouth and the nose
are connected.
nostrils
F Taste and sight work together to distinguish

different flavours.
nasal cavity
12 Label the tongue. Use these words.

sweet
sour
bitter
bitter
umami
salty
sour
salty
umami
sweet
15
13 Complete the sentences and draw your favourite food.

O. A.
My favourite food is
.
O. A.
It has a
flavour.
O. A.
14
fourteen
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 14
14/10/11 8:45
14 Find words related to touch. Then, use the words to complete the text.
S
The sense organ of touch is the skin . We distinguish different sensations

through our t
r
. Our f
ouch
eceptors
ingertips
and l
are very s
. The sense of touch allows
ips
ensitive
us to distinguish whether something is dry orw
,
et
hot or c
, or hard or s
.
old
oft
15 Complete the table about the senses.
Sense
Sense organ
What does it do?
sight
eye
It allows us to see.
taste
tongue
It captures flavours.
smell
nose
It captures smells.
touch
skin
It distinguishes sensations.
hearing
ear
It captures sounds.
fifteen
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 15
15
14/10/11 8:45
Unit
1 Draw a path between the living things to the finish line.
START
LION
It eats,
runs
and sleeps.
HELICOPTER
It flies through
the air.
4
ROBOT
It can walk
and talk.
SNAKE
It slithers along
the ground.
WASP
It is small. It can sting you.
SUNFLOWER
It produces its own food
and needs sunlight.
SNOWMAN
It melts in the
sunshine.
FINISH
s
2 Complete the sentences. Use these words.
nutrients
nutrition
energy
a. Living things need food for the process of

nutrition .
b. Living things absorb

nutrients
and be healthy.
c. Food gives us

energy
16
from food to help them grow
to run, jump, play and think.
sixteen
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 16
14/10/11 8:45
3 Match the words to the photographs. Draw the missing animal.

carnivore
herbivore
omnivore
O. A.
4 Unscramble and write the sentences about photosynthesis.

a.

b.

c.

the
sunlight
is
leaves
from
Energy
taken through
Energy from sunlight is taken through the leaves

taken through
and
Water
are
roots
.
mineral
salts
the
Water and mineral salts are taken through the roots

taken from
leaves
air
dioxide
the
.
is
Carbon
the
through
Carbon dioxide is taken from the air through the leaves
5 Label the diagram of plant nutrition.

sunlight
carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide
mineral salts
water
sunlight
water/mineral salts
The green substance in leaves

mineral salts/water
chlorophyll
is called
.
seventeen
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 17
17
14/10/11 8:45
3
6 Read the text. Then, draw the next picture.
Look at the bee. It wants to sting the girl because she is near the beehive. The bee flies
closer to the girl. The girl can hear the bee. She turns around. She sees the bee.
What happens next?
O. A.
7 Look at the pictures. Complete the text about sensitivity. Use these words.
eyes
sense organs
muscles
nose
nerves
living things
ears
brain
Look at the panther. It is using its sense organs. It uses its

to hear the
ears
antelope. It uses its
to smell the antelope. It uses its
nose
eyes
to see
the antelope. It wants to eat the antelope. The panthers sense organs send information
brain
to the
10
nerves
through the
. The brain interprets the information. It
muscles
sends a message to the leg
and the panther jumps.
living
things
sense
All
have sensitivity. People and animals use

organs
, muscles and the nervous system to respond to the environment.
18
eighteen
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 18
14/10/11 8:45
8 Complete the text and find the missing word.

touch
leaves
light
day
water
night
Plants do not have a nervous system, but they do interact with their environment.
Their roots grow towards w a t e r and their stems and l e a v e s grow
towards the l i g h t . Some plants open their flowers during the d a y and some
at n i g h t . The leaves of some plants close if you t o u c h them.
Some plants wrap themselves around other plants as they grow.
This life process is called s e n s i t i v i t y.
9 Look at the pictures. Describe how this plant interacts with the environment. Use these words.
sunlight
A
water
nutrients
M. A. The roots of the plant grow

towards the water. They absorb
water and nutrients from the
soil. The stem grows towards the
sunlight. Sunlight is necessary
for photosynthesis.

10 Write animals and / or plants.

a. They make their own food.

plants
animals
and plants
b. They need water to live.
animals
c. They eat living things.

d. They need sunlight to make food.

plants
nineteen
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 19
19
14/10/11 8:45
3
11 Find and circle the words about reproduction in animals.
male
female
mating
offspring
sexual
13
asexual
reproduction
Use two of the words to complete the definitions.

a. Sexual

reproduction: the male and female mate to produce offspring.
b. Asexual

reproduction: animals do not mate to produce offspring.
12 Look at the animals and write V (viviparous) or O (oviparous). Then, complete the sentences.
O
V
14
V
V
The offspring of viviparous animals grow inside their mothers w

omb .
The offspring of oviparous animals grow inside an e
.
gg
20
twenty
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 20
14/10/11 8:45
13 Complete the sentences about the apple tree. Use these words.
seeds
germinate
apple tree
carpel
grows
The apple tree

grows
The carpel

of the flower turns
into an apple.
The apple grows.
flowers.
A new
apple

The apple has
tree

grows.
seeds

inside.
The apples fall to the ground and

the seeds germinate
. They
grow small roots and a stem.
14 Lood at the pictures of plant reproduction. Write sexual or asexual.
A
sexual
asexual
sexual
twenty-one
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 21
21
14/10/11 8:45
Unit
1 Use the key to colour the vertebrates.

Key
3
green
blue
green
mammal
reptile
amphibian
red
brown
red
red
yellow
fish
bird
brown
2 What am I? Solve the riddles and write the animal.

I breathe through lungs. My baby
is called a calf. People make dairy
products from my milk.
a. cow
I
I
I
I
cant walk when I am born.

live in my mothers pouch. When
am older, I hop on two legs.
live in Australia.
c. kangaroo
I am born from my mothers womb.

I have fur. I like to play with you and
go for walks. I live with people.
b. dog
fi
I am born on land. I spend a lot

of time on the frozen sea in the Arctic.
I have a lot of white fur to keep
me warm.
d. polar bear
Write another riddle about your favourite animal.

O. A.

22
twenty-two
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 22
14/10/11 8:45
3 Complete the sentences about marine mammals. Use these words.

lungs
womb
bare
air
vertebrates
skeleton
viviparous
milk
Whales are marine mammals. They are vertebrates

because they have a
made of bones.
skeleton
They are
because they are born from
viviparous
their mothers
. They drink their mothers
womb
milk
bare
. They have
skin.
They breathe through
so they need
lungs
to get oxygen from the
. This is why they come to the surface.
air
4 Finish and label the sketch of a bat. Then, answer the questions.
wing
arm
fingers
ears
eyes
thumb
thumb
arm
ears
eyes
fingers
O. A.
wing
a. When do bats hunt? Bats hunt at night.

b. Which sense organs do bats use to help them hunt? They use their ears.
c. How is a bat different from most other mammals? Bats are different from most other
mammals because they can fly.
twenty-three
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 23
23
14/10/11 8:45
4
5 Write similarities and differences.
8
Baby chimpanzee
Human baby
no fur
fur
eyes at front of face
eyes at front of face
big brain
big brain
6 Complete the sentences about reptiles. Then, match them to the photographs.
shell
slithers
oxygen
scutes
a. Its skin is protected by bony

scutes .
slithers .
b. To move, it
c. It is aquatic but breathes
oxygen .
shell .
d. To protect its body, it has a hard
A
7 Tick the animals that take care of their babies.
24
twenty-four
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 24
21/10/11 8:26
8 Read about reptiles and birds. Write All, Some, or None.

Reptiles
Birds
They breathe in oxygen through lungs.
All
All
They walk on legs.
Some
All
They lay their eggs on land.
All
All
They are vertebrates.
All
All
They have two wings and feathers.
None
All
They incubate their eggs.
Some
All
Their skin is covered with scales.
All
None
9 Solve the clues to complete the word puzzle. Find the mystery word.
D
1
1. Birds sit on their eggs to them.

2. are the parts of a birds body that it uses for flying.
3. Scientists study to find out about dinosaurs.
4. Birds bodies are covered in .
5. Reptiles have on their skin and birds have them on their legs.
6. Animals that are born from eggs are .
7. Animals that eat other animals are .
8. An is a very large bird with long legs that cannot fly.
dinosaurs
Scientists think that birds are descended from
.
twenty-five
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 25
25
14/10/11 8:45
4
10 Label the parts of the fish.
dorsal fins
caudal fin
pectoral fin
gills
caudal fin
anal fin
13
dorsal fins
gills
pelvic fin
anal fin
pectoral fin
pelvic fin
14
11 Unscramble and write sentences about fish.
a. oxygen
through
breathe in
gills
Fish
their
Fish breathe in oxygen through their gills

b. to
fins
use
Fish
swim
their
Fish use their fins to swim
15
12 Draw the missing stage of the life cycle of a fish. Then, describe each picture.
Eggs
Baby fish
Adult fish
O. A.
M. A. Eggs: Fish are oviparous animals. They lay many small eggs in water. These eggs
have no protective covering. Baby fish: Baby fish hatch from the eggs. The baby fish
grow into adult fish. Adult fish: Adult fish have bodies covered with shiny scales,
and they swim using their fins. They breathe using their gills.

26
twenty-six
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 26
21/10/11 8:26
13 Mark the false sentences with a cross.

Young frogs grow from tadpoles.
Frogs take care of their babies.

Frogs can breathe through their skin.
Tadpoles breathe through gills.
Frogs can breathe through lungs.
Tadpoles do not have a tail.

14 Draw the missing stages of the life cycle of a frog.
O. A.
O. A.
FROGSPAWN
TADPOLE

TADPOLE WITH
BACK LEGS
TADPOLE WITH
FOUR LEGS
YOUNG FROG
15 Choose one of these animals and write sentences. Use some of these words.
oviparous
lungs
A
viviparous
hatch
B
womb
breathe
egg
incubate
skin
C
O. A.

twenty-seven
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 27
27
14/10/11 8:46
Unit
1 What are jellyfish like? Unscramble the words and complete the text.
tersvtbnaerei
eas
lfaot
3
aesttencl
invertebrates
Jellyfish are
. They live
in the
sea
bell
but they are not
fish. They do not have fins.
mouth
They
with the
float
sea currents and use propulsion
tentacles
to move.
tentacles
They have long
that
can sting you!
Label the parts of the jellyfish. Write bell, tentacles and mouth.
4
2 Read the clues. Complete the crossword about worms.
ACROSS
1. The is a worm that can live inside the human
body.
3. Some worms live in the .
DOWN
2. The bump that is part of the reproductive

system is called a .
4. A worm has no skeleton; it is an .
5. Worms' bodies are not hard, they are .
6. Many worms live and make tunnels

in the soil.
28
twenty-eight
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 28
14/10/11 8:46
3 Label the photograph of the snail.

A tentacles with eyes
B flat foot for moving
C head
D tentacles for the sense of touch
E hard, spiral shell for protection
4 Write T (true) or F (false). Correct the false sentences.

F Snails are arthropods. Snails are molluscs.
T Snails eat plants.
T Snails have soft bodies.
F Snails have two feet. Snails have one foot.
F Snails do not have shells. Snails have a hard, spiral shell.
Name a mollusc that does not have a shell. M. A. slug
5 Write sentences about spiders. Use these words.
legs
arthropod
spin webs
trap
catch
insect
eat
M. A. Spiders are arthropods. They have eight legs. Most

spiders spin webs to trap insects. They eat the insects that
they catch in their webs.

Name two more arthropods. M. A. centipedes, crabs
twenty-nine
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 29
29
14/10/11 8:46
5
6 Circle the odd one out. Then, complete each sentence.
octopus
a. centipede crab spider octopus An
worm is not a
mollusc .
A
clam scallop worm snail
b.
arthropod
is not an
.
7 Read and draw the animals.

A
O. A.
O. A.
a mollusc with a shell
a mollusc without a shell
O. A.
an arthropod
8 Match the sentence halves. Use the information to label the diagram of an insect.
a.
Insects bodies are divided into
b.
The head contains
c.
The thorax contains
d.
The abdomen contains
eye
six legs and four wings.

three main parts.
the organs.
the mouth, the eyes and two antennae.
antennae
head
wings
thorax
legs
30
abdomen
thirty
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 30
14/10/11 8:46
9 Complete the life cycle of a butterfly. Draw and write.

adult
oviparous
cocoon
caterpillar
Butterflies lay eggs.

They are
oviparous
.
O. A.
After many changes,

it emerges as an
The offspring looks like

a worm. It is called a
adult
butterfly.
caterpillar
O. A.
It covers itself in a
cocoon
.
Write the names of four other insects. M. A.
ants
cockroaches
beetles
mosquitoes
thirty-one
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 31
31
14/10/11 8:46
5
10 How is honey made? Match the photographs to the sentences.
1
11
12
13
4 After two to three weeks, the nectar is transformed into liquid honey.
2 The bees take the nectar to the beehive.
5 Other bees cover the honey with wax to preserve it.
1 The bee collects nectar from the flower.
6 A beekeeper collects the honey and wax.

3 Each bee puts the nectar in honeycomb cells.
32
thirty-two
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 32
14/10/11 8:46
11 Complete the diagram. Use these words.

provide food
sting
eat our clothes
pollinate plants
eat our clothes
eat dead plants
make honey and silk
damage crops
HARMFUL
sting
damage crops
transmit diseases
provide food
USEFUL
INSECTS
transmit diseases
eat dead plants
make honey
and silk
pollinate plants
12 Colour the animals that can harm people. Tick the invertebrates.
colour
colour
colour
13 Draw and label a sketch of your favourite insect. Write two sentences about your insect.
O. A.

O. A.

thirty-three
401895 _ 0001-0033.indd 33
33
14/10/11 8:46
Unit
1 Look at the classroom. Use the key to colour the machines.
Key
yellow
carry things
yellow
communicate
red
red
exert force
green
blue
travel
2 Write the use of each machine. Use these words.

exerting force
a.
carrying heavy objects
communicating
Shopping trolleys are used for carrying heavy objects
b. Electric screwdrivers are used for exerting force
travelling
5
c.
Motorbikes are used for travelling
d. Computers are used for communicating
34
thirty-four
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 34
14/10/11 9:01
3 Circle the odd one out. Then, write sentences using the circled words.
a.
helicopter train boat telephone
b.
saw trolley cart wheelbarrow
c.
hammer bicycle drill screwdriver
d.
telephone computer television cart

A
telephone
is used for communicating
A saw is used for exerting force
A bicycle is used for travelling
A cart is used for carrying heavy objects
4 These machines help us. What energy do they use? Complete the chart.
Human energy
dishwasher
Electricity
broom
dishwasher
duster
vacuum cleaner
mop
washing machine
washing
machine
broom
duster
mop
vacuum cleaner
5 Choose two of the machines from Activity 4 and write sentences. M. A.

A dishwasher uses electricity
mop
A
uses human energy
duster
A
uses human energy
Name another machine that you use at home. Write the energy source. M. A.
A television uses electricity.
thirty-five
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 35
35
14/10/11 9:01
6
6 Use the key to colour the machines.
orange
green
Key
human force
red
combustible
fuel
wind
electricity
blue
red
7 Look at the photographs. Match the machines to the descriptions and write the energy
source.
A
Athletes use this to train before a race. It needs to be

plugged in. The energy source is electricity
In this sport you travel over water on a board, holding a sail.

You have no motor.
The energy source is wind

C
10
In this sport you use a machine to catch fish.

The energy source is human force
In this sport, drivers want to reach the finish line first.
The energy source is combustible fuel
36
thirty-six
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd
36
21/10/11
8:26
8 Write S (simple) or C (compound) next to each machine.

S
S
red
S
C
C
C
S
9 Which is the most modern lawnmower? Circle.
A
10 Draw one simple machine and one compound machine that we use when we study.
O. A.
O. A.
thirty-seven
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd
37
37
21/10/11
8:26
14
11 Match the pictures to the simple machines and to their use.

A
lever
To move heavy objects from

a lower to a higher place.
ramp
To lift heavy objects with

abar.
pulley
To move things from one

place to another.
15
wheel
To lift heavy objects with

a wheel and a rope.
12 Write the simple machines.

a. A rope wrapped around a wheel. pulley
b. A solid disk that turns on an axle. wheel
c. A bar that rests on a pivot point. lever
d. An inclined plane. ramp
13 Which simple machine could you use in each situation?
a. You need to collect water in a bucket from a well. pulley
b. A horse needs to get into a horse box. ramp
38
thirty-eight
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 38
14/10/11 9:01
14 Circle the compound machines. Compare the pictures.

A
3
There are
1
compound machines in A and
compound machines in B.
15 Complete the sentences. Use these words.

electric circuits
electronic circuits
motors
gears
B
can be electric or gas. They produce movement.
Motors
A
Gears
are wheels with teeth that produce movement.
D
are electric circuits with very small parts called microchips.
Electronic circuits
C
have switches and wires. They help electricity flow through
Electric circuits
amachine.
Look at the photographs of compound machines. Match them to the
sentences above.
A
thirty-nine
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 39
39
14/10/11 9:01
Unit
1 Label the picture of planet Earth. Then, write the words next to the definitions.
3
continent
atmosphere
river
island
atmosphere
lake
river
continent
lake
island
a. Land surrounded by water. island

b. A large area of land. continent
c. The layer of air that surrounds the Earth. atmosphere
d. Water flowing from the mountains to the sea. river

e. An area of water surrounded by land. lake
Is most of the Earth covered with land or with water? water
2 Complete the text about the Sun. Use the words.
closer
life
star
star
The Sun is the only
5
heat
light
live
in the Solar System. The Sun is like other stars
in the sky, but looks bigger because it is

closer
to Earth.
The Sun gives the Earth

and
.
heat
light
Without the Sun, the Solar System would be dark and cold.
life
There would be no
on Earth because
live
plants and animals need sunlight to
40
and grow.
forty
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 40
14/10/11 9:01
3 Write the words under the correct photograph.

light
star
light areas
dark areas
Sun
planet
seas
crater
water
heat
air
Moon
Earth
light
light areas
seas
star
seas
water
heat
dark areas
planet
crater
air
4 Write Sun, Moon or Earth.

a. This star gives us the light and heat we need to live. Sun
b. This planet is surrounded by the atmosphere. Earth
c. The seas on this satellite do not contain any water. Moon
5 Solve these riddles about the Moon.
The light regions on a
photograph of the Moon.
They are high areas.
a. high regions
You could not breathe on

the Moon because there
is none of this.
b. air
These were formed when

asteroids or comets hit the
Moons surface.
d. craters
On Earth they contain

water, and on the Moon
they do not.
c. seas
The Moon does not have any

light, but it looks bright because
it reflects light from this star.
e. Sun
forty-one
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 41
41
14/10/11 9:01
7
6 Use the key to colour the Earth. Then, complete the sentence.

night
10
North Pole
day
black
It is dark. It is night. I am
North
at the
Pole.
yellow
South Pole
7 Match the sentences to the correct word.

a.
The Earth takes 24 hours to turn all the way round.
b.
The Earth orbits the Sun.
c.
One complete orbit of the Sun takes 365 days.
d.
It causes the four seasons.
e.
The Earth spins on its tilted axis.
f.
It causes day and night.
11
ROTATION
12
REVOLUTION
8 Label the diagrams. Write revolution or rotation.

A
revolution
rotation
9 Read the text about Earth revolution. Circle the correct words.
Earth revolution causes the four seasons. The Suns rays reach the Earth at an angle
because the Earth rotates on a level/tilted axis. In winter the angle is bigger,
which means there is more/less heat. In summer the rays reach Earth more directly.
This means there is more/less heat.
42
forty-two
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd
42
21/10/11
8:27
10 Label the Moon phases.

full moon
full moon
new moon
waning moon
waxing moon
waning moon
waxing moon
new moon
Why does the Moon seem to change shape?

M. A. The half of the Moon facing the Sun appears bright. However, we cannot
always see all of the bright side.
T A lunar month has 28 days.
F Each Moon phase lasts two weeks.
F The Earth orbits the Moon.
T The half of the Moon facing the Sun appears bright.
12 Draw your house in the centre. Then, follow the instructions and draw.
Draw your school to the north.
Draw a supermarket to the east.
Draw a lake to the south.
Draw a park to the west.
O. A.
forty-three
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 43
43
14/10/11 9:01
7
13 What do we use artificial satellites for? Look at the pictures and write.
A
15
For telecommunications.
To create maps and globes.
For information about
the weather.
14 Label the Earth globe. Then, use the words to complete the sentences.
North Pole
South Pole
Equator
Northern Hemisphere
16
Southern Hemisphere
North Pole
Northern Hemisphere
Equator
Southern Hemisphere
South Pole
Equator
An Earth globe is the most accurate way to represent planet Earth. The
Northern
divides theEarth into two halves: the
Southern
and the
Hemisphere
. Thepoint on Earth that
North
is farthest North is the
Pole
South
that isfarthest South is the
44
Hemisphere
and the point
.
Pole
forty-four
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 44
14/10/11 9:01
15 Classify the continents and oceans.

Indian America Atlantic Europe Pacific Asia
Africa Oceania Antarctic Arctic Antarctica
Continents
Oceans
America
Indian
Europe
Atlantic
Asia
Pacific
Africa
Antarctic
Oceania
Arctic
Antarctica
16 Label the three continents and three oceans that are missing on the map.
ARCTIC OCEAN
EUROPE
ASIA
A TLANTIC
AMERICA
PACIFIC
OCEAN
OCEAN
PACIFIC
OCEAN
AFRICA
INDIAN
OCEAN
OCEANIA
N
W
ANTARCTIC OCEAN
ANTARCTICA
forty-five
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 45
45
14/10/11 9:01
Unit
1 Write the state of the water under the photographs.

A
solid
gas
liquid
2 Match the words to the sentences. Then, complete the diagram.

melting
freezing
evaporation
condensation
a. When ice is heated and turns into liquid water. melting

b. When liquid water heats up and turns into water vapour. evaporation
c. When liquid water cools and turns into ice. freezing
d. When water vapour cools and turns into liquid water. condensation
melting
ICE
46
evaporation
LIQUID WATER
freezing
WATER VAPOUR
condensation
forty-six
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 46
14/10/11 9:01
3 Match the photographs to the descriptions. Then, write the change of state that is taking place.
A
Wet clothes drying

in the sun.
evaporation
When rain turns

into ice.
freezing
When snow turns

into water.
melting
When the bathroom

mirror gets misty.
condensation
4 Write the different uses of water in the picture.

M. A. A man is using water to have
a shower. The dog is using water for
drinking. The woman is using water
to water the plants. Water is being
used to water the crops on the farm.
The plants and crops need water
to live. Water is being used in the
factory. The man is using the water in
the river for fishing.

forty-seven
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 47
47
14/10/11 9:01
8
5 Complete the table about salt water and fresh water.
Salt water
Where is it found?
seas and oceans
Fresh water
rivers, streams, lakes
How much salt does it contain?
a lot
very little
What is it used for?
industrial uses
for drinking
Do we drink it?
no
yes
Is it treated at desalination plants?
yes
no
6 Match the sentence halves. Then, write the complete sentences.

a.
Fresh water is found in
very expensive.
b.
There is very little salt in
the seas and the oceans.
c.
Most of the water on Earth is in
fresh water.
d.
Salt is eliminated from
salt water at desalination plants.
e.
Desalted water is
rivers and lakes.
Fresh water is found in rivers and lakes.

There is very little salt in fresh water.
Most of the water on Earth is in the seas and the oceans.
Salt is eliminated from salt water at desalination plants.
Desalted water is very expensive.
7 How can we save water? Write three ways. M. A.

Have a shower instead of a bath.
Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth.
Only use the washing machine when you have a full load.
48
forty-eight
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 48
14/10/11 9:01
8 Complete the sentences.

aquifers
snow
sand
groundwater
fresh
wells
rocks
rain
There is lots of water on the surface of the Earth. There is

also
water beneath the surface.
fresh
This is called
. Groundwater comes
groundwater
from
snow
and
. The water
rain
goes through the soil and down to the empty spaces

rocks
between
sand
and
below.
aquifers .
Here it collects and forms large deposits called
People extract the water by building
.
wells
9 Look at the pictures. Use the words to describe what happens to the landscape
in winter and in spring.
Winter
Spring
In winter , temperatures are low in
In spring ,temperatures are warmer.
mountain regions. Water becomes ice
The snow and ice melt and turn into liquid
and snow. Large pieces of ice called
water again. Trees and plants grow. There
icebergs float in the ocean.
are flowers.
Where are the coldest areas on Earth?

North Pole

South Pole
forty-nine
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd
49
49
21/10/11
8:27
8
10 Put the sentences in order to describe how clouds are formed.
12
1 Water from the oceans, lakes and rivers heats up.
condensation
4 Water vapour cools down and condenses.

5 Condensed water turns into tiny water droplets.
3 Water vapour rises into the cold atmosphere.
2 Water evaporates to form water vapour.
water vapour
6 Water droplets form clouds which move with

the wind.
Label the diagram. Write evaporation, water vapour
and condensation.
evaporation
11 Complete the text. Use the words to complete the crossword.

When rain falls on the land, it forms streams . They flow into
r
ivers , which flow into the s
eas
and
o
ceans . Sometimes rainwater and snow sink deep into the
ground and form a
quifers . Water in w
ells
and s
prings
O
comes from these.

C
Q
U
S
M
W
50
fifty
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 50
14/10/11 9:01
12 Read the sentences. Use the information to draw and label the water cycle.
1. The sun heats up the water in rivers, lakes and seas. It evaporates.
2. The warm air cools. The water vapour condenses into tiny water droplets.
3. The water droplets form clouds. The wind moves the clouds over the land.
4. Water from clouds falls as rain, hail or snow. It falls into the rivers
and goes into the seas and oceans.
5. Some rain is collected in the ground as groundwater and forms aquifers.
O. A.
fifty-one
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 51
51
14/10/11 9:01
Unit
1
Use the key to colour the chart showing the composition of air.
green
100
Key
= oxygen
% of
each
gas
= nitrogen
orange
= carbon dioxide (and other gases)
blue
0
Gases in air
2 Complete the sentences about the gases in air.

Nitrogen
a.
is the most abundant gas in air.
Oxygen
b.
is the second most abundant gas in air.
Carbon dioxide
c.
is a very small part of air.
3 What is air used for? Write the numbers on the picture.
1 hearing
2 burning
3 flying
4 photosynthesis
5 breathing
2
3
1
4
2
52
5
3
fifty-two
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 52
14/10/11 9:01
4 Compare the pictures. Circle the correct description.

A
Air has / doesnt have its own

shape or volume.
Air has / doesnt have

weight.
Air has no colour or smell. It cannot be seen; it is

.
invisible
5 Write T (true) or F (false). Correct the false sentences.
F The atmosphere is the layer of gases inside the Earth.
T We could not breathe in the upper part of the atmosphere.
T Rain and wind are produced in the lower part of the atmosphere.
F The upper part of the atmosphere contains a lot of oxygen.
The atmosphere is the layer of gases that surrounds the Earth.
The upper part of the atmosphere contains very little oxygen.
6 Where in the atmosphere would you see these things? Write upper part or lower part.
upper part
lower part
fifty-three
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 53
53
14/10/11 9:01
9
7 Match the sentence halves about weather.
a. Weather is
10
temperature, precipitation and wind.
b. Weather refers to different things, such as

c. When temperatures are low,
the weather is hot.
the weather is cold.
d. When temperatures are high,
the state of the atmosphere at

aparticular place and time.
11
8 Look at the photographs and complete the sentences.
A
This is snow
Water falls as frozen

snowflakes
This is hail
Water falls as small

.
The temperature
pieces of ice
Water falls as liquid

.
The temperature
is cold
This is rain

The temperature
is cold
is hot or cold
9 Complete the definitions for these types of wind. Use these words.
light
strong
extremely strong
cold
mild
cold
strong
cold
a. A gale is a
wind. The temperature is
.
extremely strong
cold or mild
b. A hurricane is an
.
c. A breeze is a light
.
cold or mild
54
fifty-four
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 54
14/10/11 9:02
10 Describe the climate where you live. Then, tick the correct answer.
a. In summer O. A.

b. In winter O. A.

The climate is mountain
, coastal
, continental
O. A.
11 Help the weather presenters on TV. Read the text and draw the symbols.
sunny B
cloudy C
And now the weather

for today. In the south, it will be very
sunny. In the north it will be cloudy with
light winds. In the east, it will be sunny
at first. Then it will become cloudy.
In the west, there is rain that will get
heavier as the day progresses.
windy D
rain E
hail F
What a cold day it is today!

In the north, it is very cold and we
predict snow in the mountains.
In the south, it is cloudy. In the east, it is
windy and very wet. There may be gales,
so stay inside! In the west, it is cold
and there will be hail storms.
BC
AB
CD
D
A
snow
E
A
A
B
fifty-five
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 55
55
14/10/11 9:02
9
12 Read the descriptions and colour the leaves.
14
brown or
orange
green
a deciduous tree in summer
a deciduous tree in autumn
15
13 Read the descriptions. Write the season.

a. It is the mildest season. It often rains but it is warm. The countryside changes
colour as pretty flowers and green grass start to grow. At the beginning
of the season, the days and nights are the same length. At the end, the days
spring
are longer and the nights are shorter.
b. It is mild at the beginning but then gets colder. The countryside is pretty because
the leaves change colour. At the beginning of the season, the days and nights
autumn
are the same length. At the end, the nights are longer.
c. It is the coldest season and there is sometimes snow. At the beginning ofthe
season, the days are shorter and the nights are longer.
winter
16
d. It is the hottest season. It doesnt rain very much and the countryside gets
dry. At the beginning of the season, the days are longer and the nights are
shorter. At the end, days and nights are the same length.
summer
You are in the Northern Hemisphere. Write the season next to the date it starts.
56
21st December winter
21st March spring
21st June summer
21st September autumn
fifty-six
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 56
14/10/11 9:02
14 Complete the chart for your region.

Spring
Temperature
O. A.
Precipitation
O. A.
Summer
Autumn
Winter
15 Circle the correct answers. Then, label the photographs.

a. It measures temperature.
anemometer / thermometer
b. It measures wind speed.
thermometer / anemometer
c. It indicates wind direction.
weather vane / pluviometer
d. It measures precipitation.
pluviometer / weather vane
pluviometer
thermometer
anemometer
weather vane
16 There is no water in the pluviometer. The thermometer shows a very high temperature.
The anemometer is not moving. Which season is it? Explain.
It is summer. It is dry. It is very hot and there is no wind.

Write your own description. Your partner guesses the season.
O. A.

fifty-seven
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 57
57
14/10/11 9:02
Unit
10
1 Look at the landscape. Write the features.
Dibujo a lnea de
un paisaje. No colorear. Hay una montaa,river
un ro, una planicie
mountain
aluvial. Un pramo, y un valle. Dejar espacio para que los alumnos puedan dibujar un
pueblo, un embalse/un pantano, una colina y una carretera.
lake
valley
Draw and label a village and a road. O. A.
2 Draw the climbers at the foot of the mountain.

Summit
Slopes
Foot
O. A.
The highest part of the
The steep sides between
The lowest part of the
mountain.
the summit and the foot of
mountain.
the mountain.
Write the correct definitions under the photographs.

The lowest part of the mountain.
The steep sides between the summit and the foot of the mountain.
The highest part of the mountain.
58
fifty-eight
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 58
14/10/11 9:02
3 Look at the landscape. Tick the features you can see.
moor
flood plain
farm
river
road
village
crops
valley
mountain
small hill
4 Find six features that change landscapes in the wordsearch. Label the photographs.
House

M otorway

T unnel

Bridge

C rops

F arm

Are these features man-made or natural? man-made features

Are mountains and rivers man-made or natural features? natural features

fifty-nine
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 59
59
14/10/11 9:02
10
5 Label the picture of a coastal landscape.
gulf
cliffs
cape
bay
archipelago
7
island
isthmus
bay
gulf
peninsula
island
peninsula
cape
archipelago
isthmus
cliffs
6 Match the words to the photographs.

A
cliffs
coastal plains
low land
high land
B
flat
rocky
sand
60
sixty
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 60
14/10/11 9:02
7 Match the coastal landscape features to the definitions.

peninsula
archipelago
bay
island
gulf
isthmus
cape
a. A group of islands.

archipelago
bay
b. A small gulf.
gulf
c. A large area of sea that bites into the land.
cape
d. A large piece of land that sticks out into the sea.
peninsula
e. A narrow piece of land surrounded by water on three sides.

isthmus
f. A strip of land that connects the mainland to a peninsula.

g. An area of land completely surrounded by water.
island
8 Use information from Activity 7 to write about what you can see in these coastal landscapes.
A
In A , there is an island and a bay.

In B , there is an archipelago.
In C , there is a peninsula and an isthmus.
9 Where do you go on holiday? Draw and describe the landscape.
Is it inland or coastal? What features are there? Why is it popular with tourists?
O. A.

O. A.

sixty-one
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 61
61
14/10/11 9:02
10
10 Use the diagram of the course of a river to complete the crossword.
12
6
2
upper course
5
middle course
4
lower course
R
E
3
2
Write upper course, middle course and lower

course on the diagram.
11 Write upper course, middle course or lower course.
13
a. Here the river is wide and flows slowly. It is near the mouth of the river.
lower course
b. This is near the source where the river is narrow. The river flows through the mountains.
It flows very fast.
upper course
c. Here the river flows through the plains. It has a lot of water and flows slowly.
middle course
62
sixty-two
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 62
14/10/11 9:02
12 Match the words to the photographs. Then, answer the questions.

lake
A
reservoir
river banks
a. Name two plants or trees found on river banks. M. A. poplar trees and reeds
b. Why is there a large variety of plants on river banks? The soil is very fertile.

c. What are dams for? To stop the flow of river water to create reservoirs.
d. Are reservoirs natural or man-made lakes? man-made lakes
e. What kind of water is found in a reservoir? fresh water
f. Name one use of water from a reservoir. M. A. drinking water
g. Is water in lakes still or flowing? Water in lakes is still.
h. What is a small lake called? A small lake is called a pond.
13 Look at the photograph. Write about the features you can see in the landscape.
M. A. In the picture I can see a beach, a bay,
mountains and the sea. There are lots of houses
and buildings on the coast. There is a lot of
vegetation.

sixty-three
401895 _ 0034-0063.indd 63
63
14/10/11 9:02
Unit
11
1 Look at the picture. Write about the characteristics of villages.
M. A.
Houses: The houses are low and only have one or two floors.
Main square: The important buildings, for example the church, are there.
Streets: They are short and narrow. They lead to the main square.
Population: There are not many houses so the population is small.
Jobs: There are farms so people work in farming.
2 Read the sentences about mountain villages. Circle the correct answers.
a. Mountain villages are built on mountain

slopes or in valleys / in the suburbs.
b. Houses in mountain villages are
different from / the same as those
on the coast.
c. The walls are thin / thick to keep
out the cold.
d. They have sloping / flat roofs so that
the snow falls off.
O. A.
e. The streets in mountain villages are

steep and very wide / narrow.
Imagine you live in a mountain village.
Draw your house.
64
sixty-four
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
64
14/10/11
9:03
3 Imagine you are on holiday in a coastal village. Write a postcard to your best friend,
describing the village.
O. A.

4 Draw and label two more sports which are typical of rural tourism.
O. A.
horse riding
O. A.
Which is your favourite sport? Why?

O. A.

sixty-five
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
65
65
14/10/11
9:03
11
5 Label the professions. Match them to the villages.
fisherman
farmer
Use these words to write sentences about the two villages.

tourists
fertile
beaches
farms
fishing
flat
Village A is a coastal village. There is high land. Fishing is important in this village, and
many people who live here are fishermen. Tourists visit this village.

Village B is a village on the plains. The land is flat and fertile, and there are farms.
There are lots of houses and a castle. Tourists visit this village too.

6 Circle the correct words about housing estates.
Housing estates are usually inside / outside village centres.
They are groups of houses that look very similar / different.
66
sixty-six
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd 66
21/10/11 8:30
7 Read the text. Use the information to draw your own city.
The buildings in cities are very tall. Many of them have ten floors or more. As well
as flats, the buildings contain offices, shops and banks. The streets are very long
and wide, with lots of traffic. Many people travel around using public transport,
including taxis and buses. There are lots of cars on the roads. The population
of cities is very large, so there are a lot of services, such as universities, schools,
hospitals, museums and sports centres.
O. A.
8 Write the advantages and disadvantages of living in a city.

Advantages
Lots of services
Disadvantages
Lots of noise
Lots of jobs
Lots of pollution
Lots of things to do and see
Lots of traffic
Good public transport
Not much space
More schools and hospitals
Very busy
sixty-seven
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
67
67
14/10/11
9:03
11
9 Match the parts of the city to the picture. Then, circle the correct words.
historic centre
modern district
12
suburbs
a. The historic centre has narrow / wide streets and the buildings are modern / historic.
b. The modern district has wide / narrow streets and the buildings are low / tall.
c. The suburbs contain shopping centres and industrial estates / churches and cathedrals.
10 Which part of the city do you go to?
historic centre
a. You want to visit a cathedral.
modern district
b. You want to visit your friend who lives in a flat in a tall building.
c. You want to go to a shopping centre.
suburbs
11 Look at the pictures. Write village or city.
A
village
68
city
city
village
city
sixty-eight
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
68
14/10/11
9:03
12 Read and draw the missing symbols on the map. Write the square references.
I study at St. Marys
University. It is in the
historic part of town, opposite
the cathedral. I go with my
brother. We get there
by bus.
I play basketball
in the sports centre. My
Dad takes me by car. It is
in the city centre, next to
the modern art museum.
I work in the
hospital. It is on Kings
Road, next to the big
supermarket. I go to work
by car and park in the
hospital car park.
Every evening,
we go to visit my grandad
in hospital. There is never any
space in the hospital car park,
so our Mum parks in the car
park on Cambridge Street,
opposite the theatre.
The university is in
The sports centre is in
The hospital is in
The car park is in
B-2
square
.
F-1
square
.
F-2
square
.
F-5
square
.
ET
cathedral
hospital A
car park B
museum
ROAD
INGS
sports centre C
CAMBRIDGE STREET
HIGH
ET
E
STR
STREET
RK
MA
K
PAR
REET
CH ST
CHUR
D
ROA
supermarket
theatre
B
university D
sixty-nine
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
69
69
14/10/11
9:03
Unit
12
1 Match the types of crops to the definitions. Write examples in the chart.
a.
Crop farmers grow plants to be transformed into

other products in factories.
Food crops

b.
Industrial crops
Crop farmers grow plants for food.
Food crops
M. A.
Industrial crops
vegetables
sugar beets
cereals
cotton
fruit
wheat
2 Match the sentence halves about cultivation. Then, label the pictures A E.
a. The farmer ploughs
the plants with pesticides.
b. The farmer waters
the seeds.
c.
The farmer sows
d. The farmer sprays
the crops when they are ripe.
the fields to turn the soil.
e. The farmer harvests
the soil and fertilises it.
5
C
What is organic farming? Farms that do not use any chemical products.
70
seventy
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
70
14/10/11
9:03
3 Look at the photographs. Write dry crops or irrigation. Match them to the definitions.
A
The method of growing crops

in dry areas. They do not need
a lot of water.
irrigation
B
Watering plants with water from

rivers or lakes, using irrigation
channels orsprinklers.
dry crops
4 Classify the crops.
grapevines
grapevines
vegetables
wheat
wheat
barley
rice
oats
corn
vegetables
DRY FARMING
barley
oats
fruit
rice
IRRIGATION
corn
fruit
5 How do tractors and greenhouses make work easier for farmers? Write sentences. M. A.
a.
Tractors help farmers save time and energy.
They are used for many things, including adding fertiliser.
b.
Farmers grow crops in greenhouses. Greenhouses allow farmers to
control the amount of water, temperature and light.

seventy-one
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd 71
71
21/10/11 8:30
12
6 Match the photographs to the livestock. Then, write examples of products they provide for us.
A
poultry
meat

pigs
meat

sheep
skins
meat

cattle
eggs
skins
meat, milk

skins
Name three jobs that stockbreeders use machines for.

feeding their animals, milking their animals, cleaning barns and pens
7 Look at the photographs. Write I (intensive farming) or F (free-range farming).
I
10
72
seventy-two
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
72
14/10/11
9:03
8 Write coastal fishing, deep-sea fishing or fish farm.

coastal fishing
a. Fishermen fish near the coast.
b. Boats have refrigerators to keep fish fresh.
deep-sea fishing
fish farm
c. Areas near the coast where fish farmers breed shellfish.
deep-sea fishing
d. Fishermen fish a long way from the coast.
coastal fishing
e. Fishermen use small fishing boats and nets.
deep-sea fishing
f. Fishermen use big boats and modern machines.
9 Label the photographs underground mining and open mining. Use the words to complete
the texts.
holes
surface
quarries
Miners extract minerals from

.
quarries
holes
These are large, open
on the land. The minerals are near
surface
the
of the Earth.
open mining
tunnels
lifts
minerals
Miners work in underground mines when

minerals
are deep beneath
tunnels
the Earth. They dig deep
below the surface of the Earth and use
lifts
underground mining
to go up and down.
10 Circle four things that miners extract from beneath the ground.
gold
wheat
coal
stone
wood
silver
silk
cotton
seventy-three
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
73
73
14/10/11
9:03
12
11 Circle the words related to forestry. Then, use these words to complete the sentences.
S
W O
13
Forestry
is obtaining wood and
looking after the natural resources in forests.
A l umberjack

cuts down trees.
is a person who
T imber
is wood from trees
that have been cut down. It is used in
building and making furniture.
This wood is transported to
a f
where is it cut up.
actory
14
12 Read the sentences about making jam. Match them to the pictures.
A Strawberries are collected from the field.
B Lorries transport the strawberries to the factory.
C The strawberries are made into jam.
D On the assembly line, factory workers check the jam jars.
E On the assembly line, the jam jars are put into boxes.
F The manufactured product is ready for the shops.
74
15
seventy-four
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
74
14/10/11
9:03
13 Match the raw materials to the manufactured products.
14 Which industry produces these products? Write P (primary), C (consumer) or T (technological).

a. steel
c. jeans
e. MP3 players
b. cars
d. computers
f. cement
Write one other thing produced by each industry. M. A.

Primary fabrics
Technological mobile phones
Consumer shoes
15 Look at the photographs. Read the sentences and circle the correct words.
a. Smoke from factories can contaminate the water / air.

b. Lorries transport factory products to parks / markets.
c. Waste from factories can contaminate the water / products.
d. Industrial estates are usually outside / inside cities.
seventy-five
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd 75
75
21/10/11 8:31
Unit
13
1 Write the jobs. Then, tick the people who work in services.
lumberjack
miner
cameraman
police officer
5
builder
teacher
firefighter
2 Write Public or Private.

Public
a.
services are provided by the government.
Private
b.
services are provided by individuals or private companies.
3 Circle the correct answers.

a. Chloe is a dentist. She provides a health / transport service. She has three dental
surgeries, one in Madrid, one in San Sebastian and one in Barcelona.
People pay to go to her clinic. She provides a public / private service.
b. Pauline works for the National History Museum in London. It is owned by the
government. She provides a private / public service. She organises all the cultural
activities related to the museum. She provides a sporting / cultural service.
c. Mariano is a receptionist in a hotel in London. He provides a private / public service.
Hehelps the guests check in and makes sure they enjoy their holiday. He works
incultural / tourism services.
76
seventy-six
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
76
14/10/11
9:03
4 Classify the jobs. Then, write one more job for each service.
bus driver
museum guide
radio presenter
hotel receptionist
head teacher
Communications
services
Cultural
services
radio presenter
newspaper
reporter
museum guide
librarian
O. A.
university professor
newspaper reporter
Educational
services
university
professor
head teacher
O. A.
pilot
librarian
travel agent
Tourism
services
Transport
services
hotel receptionist bus driver

travel agent
O. A.
pilot
O. A.
O. A.
5 Complete the text about tourism, recreational and health services. Then, use the key to
circle the services.
sports centre
theme park
restaurant
travel agency
doctor
hotel
sports
My parents booked the holiday on the Internet, on the

travel agency
website. We are staying
in a big
. I like the Italian
hotel
in the town. It has great pizzas.

restaurant
There are lots of
sports
activities
organised for families and their children at the

. I love
sports
centre
swimming. At the

theme
park
there is a big pool with slides as well as lots
of rollercoasters. There is also a
doctor
in case anyone has an accident!
Key
Tourism
Recreational and sports
Health
seventy-seven
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
77
77
14/10/11
9:03
13
6 These people work in trade. Match the words to the definitions.
wholesalers
producers
consumers
retailers
traders
a.
buy products.
Consumers
b.
make products.
Producers
c.
are intermediaries between producers and consumers.
Traders
Wholesalers
d.
are traders who buy large quantities of a product from producers
and sell them to retailers.
e.
are traders who buy products from wholesalers and sell them
Retailers
to consumers.
7 How does yoghurt get from the producer to the consumer? Look at the pictures and put the
sentences in order.
9
3
2
1
5
4 The yoghurt is taken from the factory to the wholesaler by lorry.

1 Farmers get milk from the cows.
10
3 The milk is made into yoghurt in the factory.

5 Smaller amounts of yoghurt are taken from the wholesaler to the retailers:
supermarkets, small shops and markets.
2 The milk is transported by lorry to the yoghurt factory.
78
seventy-eight
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
78
14/10/11
9:03
8 Sallys new bike is broken. Her father tells her about consumer rights. Unscramble and write.
a. product
of
good
be
and
safe
must
quality
The
The product must be safe and of good quality

b. The
must
price
be
fair
The price must be fair

9 Complete the sentences.

a. Wholesalers sell products to R E T A I L E R S .
b. Cash or cards are forms of P A Y M E N T .
c. We buy things in shops or on the I N T E R N E T .
d. We can use C R E D I T C A R D S to pay for things in shops
and on the Internet, and to take money out of the bank.
e. B A N K
N O T E S are paper money.
f. We take money out at a C A S H
P O I N T S .
Use the colour key to find the mystery word.

E L E C T R O N I C C O M M E R C E is shopping on the Internet.
10 What are some of the advantages of shopping on the Internet?
M. A. It allows people to shop from home, so people who do not have much time or
cannot walk well can shop easily. You can also compare prices easily. You can buy
things from other countries.
seventy-nine
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
79
79
14/10/11
9:03
13
11 Read, circle the correct answers, then draw.
13
14
a. Eddy lives on the island. He goes to school by bicycle. This is public/private transport.
b. Michael lives on the mainland. He goes to school by bus. This is public/private transport.
c. How can people and products reach the island? Draw two possible means of transport
on the picture. M. A. drawings of an aeroplane and a boat
12 Complete the texts about means of transport.
roads
a.
traffic lights
Lorries are
private
motorways
private
means of transport.
They travel on
, which are very
motorways
traffic
wide
. Motorways have no
roads
b.
public
flight paths
lights
15
airports
airports
Aeroplanes take off and land from
. They
travel along
flight
usually
public
c.
tracks
public
. They are
paths
16
means of transport.
stations
Trains and underground trains are

public
means
of transport. They travel on railway

tracks
and
leave from and arrive at railway

.
stations
80
eighty
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd 80
21/10/11 8:31
13 Match the sentence halves.

a.
Personal communication sends information
b.
The media sends information
to many people at the same time.

to one person or a few people.
14 Draw two means of communication in each screen.
Personal communication
The media
O. A.
O. A.
15 What means of communication do you use every day?

O. A.

16 Put the sentences about communications satellites in order.
Telephones, radios and television use communications satellites to send and receive
sound and images.
2 The sounds and image signals are captured by communications satellites.
4 People watch the football match on television in England.
1 The cameramen film the football match in Spain.
3 The communications satellites send these signals to England.

eighty-one
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
81
81
14/10/11
9:03
Unit
14
1 Look at the pictures. Write which municipal services can solve each problem.
A
Some of the lights

in my street are broken.
Street lighting services can solve

this problem.

The rubbish has

not been collected
for a week.
Rubbish collection services can

solve this problem.

We have been waiting

in the hospital for 3 hours because
there are not enough doctors.
Health services can solve this
problem.

2 Which services need to improve where you live?

We need to improve O. A.
because

82
eighty-two
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
82
14/10/11
9:03
3 Make sentences about town councils. Write the sentences.

a. The mayor
make decisions in
b. The local council
is the head of
c. The mayor and the councillors
is made up of
the mayor and the councillors.

the local council.
the town hall.
The mayor is the head of the local council.
The local council is made up of the mayor and the councillors.
The mayor and the councillors make decisions in the town hall.
4 Complete the text about local elections.

mayor
elect
four
election manifesto
candidates
vote
Citizens
local councillors every
years. You must be 18 years
elect
four
vote
candidates
old or over to
. The people who want to be elected are called
.
election
They present an
manifesto
which explains what they will do if they
mayor
are elected. The new councillors then elect one person to become the
.
5 Imagine you want to be elected as mayor. Write two things you will do on your manifesto.
Then, draw one of your suggestions.
Manifesto
When I am mayor I will:
O. A.
O. A.

eighty-three
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
83
83
14/10/11
9:03
14
6 You are a food hygiene inspector. Circle the problems in the restaurant inpicture A.
A
Look at picture B. Use these words to write sentences about good food hygiene.
clean
personal hygiene
hands
rubbish
safe to eat
M. A. Picture B shows good food hygiene. The kitchen is very clean. There is no rubbish
and all the surfaces are clean. The chefs have good personal hygiene. They are washing
their hands and wearing gloves and hats. The food looks safe to eat.

7 Write F (fire service) or P (local police) next to their responsibilities.
84
P protect people
F help with floods
P arrest criminals
F put out fires
P keep streets safe
F prevent fires
eighty-four
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
84
14/10/11
9:03
8 Match the photographs to the sanitation services.

A
water
street cleaning

B
street lighting
parks conservation
9 Which municipal services are responsible for the problems in the pictures? Read, then write.
Town planning services regulate the construction industry so that buildings are safe and
carefully designed. Highway services are responsible for maintaining and repairing road signs
and traffic signals.
A
The road sign is broken. Highway services

are responsible for the problem.

The building is not safe. Town planning

services are responsible for the problem.

The traffic signals do not work. Highway

services are responsible for the problem.

eighty-five
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd 85
85
21/10/11 8:31
14
10 Look at the calendar of summer events in a small town. Answer the questions.
11
Summer Events 2011

25th June
Swimming pool fun day!
Venue: Sports centre
Inflatable slides and games
in the local swimming
pool. For children up to 13
years old.
2nd July
Music festival
Venue: Main square
A concert in the main
square with lots of local
bands and a famous,
surprise music group.
16th July
Book signing
Venue: Public library
Two famous authors
are coming to sign their
new books in the local
library.
30th July
Football competition
Venue: Sports fields
All football lovers can
come and play in our
tournament! Each team
will play 4 matches.
6th August
Dinosaur exhibition
Venue: Museum
Come to look at our
collection of dinosaur
bones for free at the local
museum.
20th August
Mini marathon!
Venue: All over town!
Refreshments will be
provided for participants.
a. Classify the events in the calendar.

Cultural events
Recreational events
Music festival
Swimming pool fun day
Book signing
Football competition
Dinosaur exhibition
Mini marathon
12
b. Which is your favourite event? Why?

O. A.

c. What other activities do you like to do in the summer?
O. A.

86
eighty-six
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
86
14/10/11
9:03
11 Which cultural and recreational activities does your town hall organise? Which do you
go to? Draw and describe.
Think about museums, concerts,
festivals, sports centres
and libraries.
O. A.

O. A.

12 You are the Mayor. Make a decision for your town.

Every year there is a music concert in the town square. Famous musicians and singers
come to entertain the people. This year, the people who live in the town square
complain they cannot sleep. The town square, the bullring and the football
pitch are the only places large enough to hold a concert.
a. Will you keep the concert in the town square?
O. A.

b. How can you make everybody happy?
O. A.

eighty-seven
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
87
87
14/10/11
9:03
Unit
15
1 Look at the pictures and write past, future or present.

A
What happened before now:
What is happening now:
What will happen later:
past
present
future
2 Make your personal history card. How old were you when you did these things? O.A.
PERSONAL HISTORY
I learnt to walk:
I learnt to talk:
ME
I went to school:
O. A.
I read a book:
I lost my first tooth:
I met my best friend:
Name:
I went on my favourite holiday:
Date of birth:
Place of birth:
Nationality:
Add two more important events.
88
eighty-eight
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd 88
21/10/11 8:31
3 Look at the photographs. Label the type of historical record.

written
pictorial
written
physical
pictorial
written
physical
physical
pictorial
What do historians use historical records for? To find out about the past.
4 Use colours to match the time periods.
A WEEK
A DECADE
A CENTURY
A YEAR
A MILLENIUM
10 years
1000 years
12 months
7 days
100 years
5 Complete this personal time line with important events in your life. Draw or write. O. A.
I started
primary
school.
I was
born.
2
10
12
Age
eighty-nine
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
89
89
14/10/11
9:03
15
6 Match the traditions to the photographs.
crafts
9
dance
music
7 Circle the odd word out.

FESTIVAL battle decade patron saint religion
TRADITION craft song monument costume
8 Choose a festival where you live and complete the webpage.
10
FESTIVAL:
Traditional activities:
Place:
Date:
O. A.
Celebration of:
90
ninety
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
90
14/10/11
9:03
9 Think about where you live. Answer the questions and use the information to design your
coat of arms. O. A.
What historical monuments are there?
What special symbols are there?
What special traditions are there?
What is the landscape like?
O. A.
10 Look at the historical monuments. Put them in order from the oldest to the most modern.
3
Why is it important to preserve historical monuments?

M. A. It is important to preserve historical monuments so we can find out how people
lived in the past.
ninety-one
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd 91
91
21/10/11 8:31
15
13
11 Read about these people. Write thousands of years ago, hundreds of years ago or nowadays.
I live in a very big castle made of stone. I travel
on horseback and fight important battles.
a. hundreds of years ago
I live in a flat in the suburbs. I work as
a doctor in the centre of town. I go to work
by bus.
O. A.
b. nowadays
I live in a hut made of branches and animal skins.
I hunt animals in the forest, fish in the river and
pick wild plants in the forest. I walk everywhere.
I cook over an open fire.
c. thousands of years ago
Now, draw one of the characters.
12 Complete the text about life hundreds of years ago. Use the words.
millers
cart
common people
noblemen
castle
farmers
horses
blacksmiths
noblemen
Hundreds of years ago,
lived in big castles and
common
people
the
lived in small villages.

They built their villages next to the
castle
14
for protection.
horses
They did not ride on
. They walked, or travelled
cart
Blacksmiths
by
or boat. There were different professions.
farmers
things out of iron,
92
millers
grew crops and
made
made flour.
ninety-two
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
92
14/10/11
9:03
13 Look at the town hundreds of years ago and as it is today. Complete the table.
A
M. A.
Hundreds of years ago
Nowadays
Transport
Horses, carts, by foot
Trains, cars, taxis
Buildings
castle, low houses
tall
Houses
small, one storey
larger, flats
Jobs
farming
jobs in services
Roads
narrow
wide
Monuments
castle, church
castle, church
Population
small
much bigger
14 Is there a museum where you live? What things can you see there?
O. A.

ninety-three
401895 _ 0064-0093.indd
93
93
14/10/11
9:04
Let's
do it!
YOU NEED
4 plants (the same species
and the same size)
Plant nutrition
A large, plastic bowl with an

airtight lid
INSTRUCTIONS
Labels
1 Help your teacher prepare a class experiment.
Plant A. Label the plant

CONTROL. Leave the plant
in the classroom window
for 2 weeks, in the light.
Water it every day.
Plant B. Label the plant

NOWATER. Do not water it.
Leave the plant in the
window next to Plant A,
inthe light.
Plant C. Label the plant

NO LIGHT. Put the plant
in a dark cupboard. Water
it every day, but do not
bring it out into the light.
Plant D. Label the plant

NOAIR. Put the plant inside
a bowl and shut the lid
tightly. Put it next to Plant A.
Water it everyday.
4
2 Observe the plants for two weeks. Copy the chart in your notebook. Write down what has
happened to the plants at the end of each week.
PLANT A
End
Week 1
End
Week 2
O. A.
PLANT B
End
Week 1
End
Week 2
5
PLANT C
End
Week 1
End
Week 2
PLANT D
End
Week 1
End
Week 2
What colour
is it?
Is it withered?
Has it grown?
Other
observations
Complete the sentence.

Plants need sunlight, water and carbon dioxide from air
94
in order to live.
ninety-four
401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
94
21/10/11
8:31
Term 1
Dancing sounds
YOU NEED
INSTRUCTIONS
1 Stretch the cling film tightly over the big bowl.
A big bowl
Clear cling film
Tissue paper (different
colours if possible)
A CD player and a variety of
music
2 Make small balls with the tissue paper. Place

the balls on the cling film.
3 Put the bowl next to the speaker of the CD player.

Play some music.
4 Gradually increase the volume of the music.

The paper balls will begin to move.
5 Try different kinds of music. Does your favourite music make the balls move?
How loud does themusic need to be for the balls to move?
How does it happen?

The vibrations from the CD player make the air around it vibrate. When the
music is louder, the vibrations are stronger. These vibrations make the cling film
on the bowl vibrate. This is why the balls of paper move.
Different types of music produce different vibrations. Some music will make the
cling film vibrate when the volume is low, and some music will make the cling
film vibrate when the volume is loud.
enter through the pinna and travel through

Describe how sound waves enter the ear. They

the ear canal. The ear drum vibrates and the cochlea receives the sound vibrations.
ninety-five
401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
95
95
14/10/11
8:49
Read !
and do
Menacing mosquitoes
You know that mosquitoes are tiny,
lays up to 250 eggs, which hatch after
irritating insects and that they can bite
two to three days. She needs the protein
you. But did you know that one type of
from human blood to produce her
mosquito, the Anopheles, is responsible
eggs. For this reason, only the female
for more human deaths than any other
mosquito bites people.
living creature? This is because it can

carry and transmit malaria, a deadly
However, she doesnt bite just anybody.

She prefers blonde people and children.
disease.
And be careful! She navigates by
Anopheles mosquitoes live near water,
following odours, so she is more likely
usually in hot, humid climates. They
to bite you if you are eating a banana
breed very quickly. The female mosquito
or doing exercise!

F Mosquitoes are
molluscs.
F Mosquitoes do not
lay many eggs.
T Mosquitoes can
carry diseases.
F All mosquitoes bite

people.
T Mosquitoes are
oviparous.
T Mosquitoes are more

likely to bite people
with strong odours.
2 Label the parts of the mosquito. Write the letter.
E head
A abdomen
B
E
D antenna
B wing
C thorax
A
96
F legs
ninety-six
401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
96
14/10/11
8:49
Term 1
Dolphin therapy
Dolphins are very social creatures. They
Research has shown that dolphin
are also very intelligent and can be
therapy can increase a patients
trained easily. They are sometimes used
attention span up to four times and
to help people who suffer from certain
make them more aware of their
mental and physical conditions. This is
surrounding environment.
called dolphin therapy.
There are many dolphin programmes all
A therapist and a dolphin trainer
over the world. What a fun way to help
work together with the dolphin and
people feel better!
the patient to improve many different

things, including language, movement,
self-confidence and the ability to relax.
Dolphins like affection. They do not
mind if people cannot walk or talk.
The happiness that patients feel when
swimming with dolphins helps them
to be more positive about themselves.
1 Answer the questions.

a. Why are dolphins used for therapy? Because they are very intelligent and they can
be trained easily.
b. What kind of conditions may be helped by dolphin therapy? Mental and physical.
c. What are the benefits of dolphin therapy? It increases a patient's attention span,
it improves language, movement, self-confidence and the ability to relax.
d. Where can patients go for dolphin therapy? All over the world.
2 Find out more about dolphin therapy on the Internet. Make a poster.
Include pictures and explain the advantages of this therapy.
ninety-seven
401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
97
97
21/10/11
8:31
Let's
do it!
Make your own weather station
Clowns
Pluviometer
1
Match the body parts to the clown.

YOU NEED

An empty plastic bottle

A ruler
A marker pen
Scissors
Tape
Stones
INSTRUCTIONS
1 Cut the top third off a plastic bottle. Put

some stones in the bottom of the bottle.
2 Turn the top part upside down and place

it inside the bottom part.
Draw two clowns moving.
2
3 Mark a scale on some tape and stick
itto the bottle. Mark centimetres using

the ruler.
4 Place your pluviometer outside

andaway from trees. Secure
it so that it doesnt blow over in the
wind.
5 At the same
time every day,
measure how
much rain is
collected.
Empty the bottle
after measuring.
98
Anemometer
YOU NEED
4 small plastic or paper cups
4 plastic drinking straws
Tape
A drawing pin
A pencil with a rubber at the
end
INSTRUCTIONS
1 Form a cross shape with the straws and

tape them together.
2 Staple the side of a cup to the end of

each straw. The open ends of the cups
must face the same direction.
3 Push a pin through the centre of the

straws and into the rubber on the pencil.
4 Put a mark on one of the cups so that

you can count how many times the
anemometer rotates. The more times it
spins per minute, the faster the wind.
5 Check it spins easily by blowing on the

cups.
6 At the same
time every day,
count how
many times the
anemometer spins
in two minutes.
ninety-eight
401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
98
14/10/11
8:49
Term 2
Make a machine
1 Look at this incredible machine. Use the key to circle each type of simple machine.
lever
ramp
wheel
What do you think it is used for?

O. A.

2 Design a new machine made up of simple machines. Think about the parts, the materials
and what your machine is used for.
3 Give your machine a name. Label the parts and the materials.
Then, try and make your machine! Use paper, cardboard, glue and plastic.
ninety-nine
401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
99
99
21/10/11
8:31
Read !
and do
Water power
Clowns
Have you ever visited a reservoir and
hydroelectric power
seen a hydroelectric power station?
stations can produce
lot of electricity very

Match the body parts to the aclown.
1 It is a spectacular sight to see water
falling from a great height over a huge
cheaply and they do
dam. The water is not only beautiful,
not pollute the
but useful: it helps produce electricity
atmosphere. There are
for industry and our homes. The force of
other advantages as
the falling water drives machines called
well. Look at the photo of the Hoover
turbines. These turbines drive motors
Dam, Colorado. It is such an impressive
that produce electricity.
sight that it is a big tourist attraction.
Dams are expensive to build, however water
People come from all over the country to
power has many advantages: water is free

because reservoirs fill up with rainwater;
see this beautiful place and to practise

various water sports on the reservoir.
1 Put the process of electricity production in order.

3 turbines drive motors 2 water drives turbines 1 water falls 4 electricity is produced
2 2 Answer the questions.
a. What are the advantages of hydroelectric power? Hydroelectric power can produce

a lot of electricity very cheaply and it does not pollute.
b. Where does the water come from? The water comes from reservoirs that have

filled up with rainwater.
c. What other ways do you know of producing electricity? O. A.

3 Did you know that beavers also make dams? Why do you
think they do this? M. A. For protection against predators
and to store food.
100
a hundred
401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
100
14/10/11
8:49
Term 2
Out of this world
Nowadays, many people book holidays,
Perhaps one day there will be lots of
hotels and flights on the Internet. But
hotels in space and people will go on
did you know that you can book a
space holidays with their families.
journey into outer space? And you dont
Imagine, maybe one day your school trip
have to be an astronaut!
will be to the Moon!
There are now several companies

offering trips in spaceships for tourists.
These trips will take people into space
as tourists, not scientists. Just imagine
what space travel can offer! Tourists will
see the Earth as a beautiful blue sphere
and maybe even put on a special space
suit and float for a few minutes outside
the spaceship. They will experience life
thousands of miles away from Earth.
1 Does your family book any holidays on the Internet? Where to? O. A.

2 Why do astronauts go into space? M. A. To do research so we can find out more about
the Universe.
3 Do you think tourist spaceships will be different from astronaut spaceships? M. A.
Tourist spaceships wont contain scientific tools and machines.
4 What would you like to do on a space holiday? O. A.

5 Design a space holiday. Make a poster. Include information about your spaceship, spacesuit,
the hotel, what you will take with you and what you will do.
a hundred and one
401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
101
101
14/10/11
8:49
Let's
do it!
YOU NEED
Make a futuristic city
Clowns
Paper
Tape
Cardboard
Glue
Paints
Match the body parts to the clown.
2
2
INSTRUCTIONS
1 Discuss with your classmates what you think your town will be like in 400 years
time.
2 In groups, design a futuristic city. Think about the buildings, the jobs, the means
of transport, etc. Draw your futuristic city on a poster.
3 Choose a part of the city to make. Use cardboard, paper, tape, glue and any other
materials available.
4 Put your models together to make a class futuristic city.
102
a hundred and two
401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
102
14/10/11
8:49
Term 3
Write using Egyptian
hieroglyphs
YOU NEED
Paper
Clay
Pencil
Ink pad
Modelling tool
Did you know that the Ancient Egyptians
had a writing system over 5,000 years
ago? The Ancient Egyptian alphabet
has over 700 signs, called hieroglyphs.
Each hieroglyph is a small picture that
represents letters or sounds. We can
Hieroglyphs are read from top to bottom,

left to right or right to left, depending
on the direction the people or animals
are facing. For example, if an animal
hieroglyph faces right, you read from
learn a lot about the life of Ancient
right to left.
Egyptians from writings that have
Why dont you have a go at writing your
survived.
name using our Top Science hieroglyphs?
INSTRUCTIONS
1 Look at the hieroglyphs below and use them to write your name.
2 Roll out some clay. Copy each hieroglyph onto the clay using the modelling tool.
3 Cut out each of the hieroglyphs from the clay.
4 Use the hieroglyph stamps to stamp your name on a piece of paper with ink. You can use
different colours for each one.
5 Practise stamping your name from top to bottom, left to right and right to left.
6 Swap stamps with your classmates and see what other words you can write in hieroglyphs.
a hundred and three

401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
103
103
14/10/11
8:49
Read !
and do
Pushing back the sea: reclaimed land
Clowns
The Earths population is increasing, and
owned. Some of the land will be used
we are running out of space. One way to
for housing, some for shops and hotels,
some as transportation islands

Match the body parts to the and
clown.
1 solve this problem is by building high-
rise flats and skyscrapers. Another way
where you will be able catch a boat to
is to reclaim land from the sea.
mainland Dubai.
Land reclamation is the creation of
However, the climate on The World
new land from the sea for building or
islands does not reflect the climate of
agriculture. Two thousand years ago the
the real world. You will not find any
Dutch began to extend the Netherlands by
polar bears at the North Pole in Dubai!
reclaiming land from the sea. Now, about

27 percent of the Netherlands is below sea
level. The sea water is held back by huge
walls called dikes.
Another spectacular example of land
reclamation is The World in Dubai, which
is a group of approximately 300 man-
made islands that form the shape of a
2 world map. The islands are all privately

1 Circle the correct answer.
a. The world population is getting bigger / smaller.
b. Reclaimed land is land that used to be below the sea / land that people have to buy.
c. About one quarter / a half of the Netherlands is below sea level nowadays.
d. The islands in The World belong to Dubai / private people.
2 Imagine you can buy an island in The World. Which island do you want to buy? Explain.
Think of the size, the name, and what you want to build on it.
O. A.

104
a hundred and four
401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
104
14/10/11
8:49
Term 3
Can you read an egg?
Have you ever noticed that there is
around much or go outside. However,
acode on every egg that you buy in
eggs from battery hens are cheaper.
the supermarket? Do you know what the
So next time you see an egg in the
numbers and letters mean? With
supermarket, look to see where it comes
this code, we can find out exactly
from. You might be surprised!
where the egg came from, and

even the type of farming used
to produce it! Have a look at the
diagram to find out more.
Organic or free-range eggs have codes
starting with 0or1. Free range eggs
come from hens that enjoy sunlight, air
1st digit
Method
of farming:
0 Organic
1 Free-range
2 Barn
3Cage
or battery
and space to move around in. Cage or

battery hens are kept in very cramped
conditions in barns. They cannot move
0UK12345
Last digits
Farm of origin:
Region
Town
Individual
farm code
2nd and 3rd digits

Country of origin:
UK United Kingdom
ES Spain, etc.
1 Name the method of farming and country of origin of an egg with these codes.
a. 0FR23765

France
Organic
b. 2ES98263

Spain
Barn
United Kingdom
Free-range
c. 1UK12654

2 Write the first three digits of the codes for the following eggs.
OPO
a. An egg from an organic farm in Portugal.
b. An egg from a battery hen in Italy.
3IT
c. An egg from a barn hen in Albania.
2AL
3 Copy and complete the table with advantages and disadvantages of each farming method.
M. A.
Free-range farming
Intensive farming
Advantages
Animals are happier.
It is cheaper.
Disadvantages
It is expensive.
Poor conditions for animals.
a hundred and five

401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
105
105
14/10/11
8:49
s
Project
and
games
Make a Top Science log book

You are going to make a log book that you can add to at the end of each unit
of the Students Book.
At the start of the school year:

Design the front cover. Draw a picture on a sheet of A4 paper. Write the
title: TOP SCIENCE LOG BOOK.
At the end of each unit:

Read through the unit and think about what you have learnt. Choose
thetwo facts or ideas that you found most interesting or surprising.
Draw a picture of each one on a sheet of A4 paper. Make them bright,
colourful and scientific!
Write two sentences about each fact or idea underneath the pictures.
On the other side of the paper, write four questions related to the unit.
Write the answers underneath.
Staple your log pages together as you complete them.
106
a hundred and six
401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
106
14/10/11
8:49
s
Project
and
games
Science quiz and class wall display

After every unit, make four question cards. Write the four questions from
your Top Science log book on small pieces of card. On the back of each
question card, write the answer. Use your question cards to play this
Science quiz after each unit.
Quiz rules
Divide the class into two teams:
Team A and Team B. Change
teams for each unit.
Your teacher sets a time limit.

When the time is up, the team with
the highest score wins.
Team members put their question

cards together, making sure none
are repeated.
The winning team designs the page

for that unit for the class wall
display. They copy the page on a
large sheet of paper. Display it on
the wall.
A member of Team A asks Team B

one of their questions. Team B
discusses the answer.
Each team then takes it in turn
to ask the other team a question.
Every team member should ask at
least one question during the game.
Scoring:
At the end of the year, all 15 units

will have a page displayed on the
classroom wall.
Keep your question cards for the
board game on the next page.
Correct answer = 1 point

Incorrect answer = 0 points
a hundred and seven

401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
107
107
14/10/11
8:49
FINISH
100
99
98
97
96
81
82
83
84
85
80
79
78
77
76
61
62
63
64
65
60
59
58
57
56
41
42
43
44
45
40
39
38
37
36
21
22
23
24
25
20
19
18
17
16
START
108
a hundred and eight
401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
108
14/10/11
8:49
95
94
93
92
91
86
87
88
89
90
75
74
73
72
71
66
67
68
69
70
55
54
53
52
51
46
47
48
49
50
35
34
33
32
31
26
27
28
29
30
15
14
13
12
11
10
Instructions for the game are on the next page.
a hundred and nine

401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
109
109
14/10/11
8:49
s
Project
and
games
Play the Top Science board game

Preparation
Make a counter for each
player.
Get into groups of 4. Divide
all the question cards from
the Science quiz between
your group.
100
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
80
79
78
77
76
75
74
73
72
71
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
The objective of the game

To be the first player to reach the end, square 100.
Play the game

Place the question cards in a pile next to the board.
Each player starts on square 1. The first player to roll a six starts
the game.
Take turns to roll the dice, moving your counter the number of squares
shown on the dice.
When you land on the top or bottom of an animal or object, pick up
a card and answer the question.
If you land on the BOTTOM of an animal or object and you answer
the question correctly, move your counter up the animal
or object to the top. For example, if you land on square 9 and answer the
question correctly, move up the telescope to square 30. If you answer
incorrectly, stay where you were.
If you land on the TOP of an animal or object and you answer the question
correctly, stay where you are. If you answer incorrectly, slide your counter
down to the bottom of the animal or object.
The first player to reach square 100 is the winner.
110
a hundred and ten
401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
110
14/10/11
8:49
401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
111
14/10/11
8:49
Top Science 3 is a collective work, conceived, designed and created by the Primary Education department at Santillana,
under the supervision of Enric Juan Redal and Vicki Caballero.
Writer: Sheila Robbie
Science consultant: Almudena Snchez Garca
Managing editor: Sheila Tourle
Editor: Jane Holt
Proofreading: Julie Davies and Sheila Klaiber
Art director: Jos Crespo
Design coordinator: Rosa Marn
Design Team:
Interiors design: Jorge Gmez Tobar
Cover design: Pep Carri
Cover illustration: Javier Vzquez
Design development coordinator: Javier Tejeda
Design development: Jos Luis Garca and Ral de Andrs
Technical director: ngel Garca Encinar
Technical coordinator: Marisa Valbuena
Layout: Alfonso Garca, Hilario Simn
Artwork coordinator: Carlos Aguilera
Illustrations: Ala de mosca, Jos Santos and Jos Zazo
Photographic selection: Amparo Rodrguez
Photographs:
A. Guerra; A. Jimeno; A. M. Lara; A. Real; A. Toril; A. Vias; B. Cobeta; C. Dez Polanco; F. M. Guilln; F. Ontan; GARCA-PELAYO/Juancho; I. Rovira;
J. C. Muoz; J. Escandell.com; J. Jaime; J. Lucas; J. M. Gil-Carles; J. Rossell; J. V. Resino; Krauel; L. M. Iglesias; M. Blanco; M. D. Gonzalo; Michele di Piccione; P. Esgueva;
Prats i Camps; S. Enrquez; S. Padura; X. S. Lobato; A. G. E. FOTOSTOCK/Morales, SPL, Science Photo Library, Oscar Garca Bayerri, Barbara Strnadova, Roger Wilmshurst,
Pedro Salaverra, B.&C. Alexander, Kelvin Aitken, Geoffrey Carr, ARCO/D. Usher, Tommy Kelly, R. Linke; CENTRAL STOCK; COMSTOCK; CONTIFOTO/UPPA; DIGITALVISION;
EFE/Manuel H. de Len; EFE/AP PHOTO/NASA/EIT; EFE/SIPA-PRESS/Dirk Heinrich; GETTY IMAGES SALES SPAIN/Photos.com Plus; HIGHRES PRESS STOCK/AbleStock.com;
I. PREYSLER; ISTOCKPHOTO; J. M. Barres; JOHN FOXX IMAGES; LOBO PRODUCCIONES/C. Sanz; NASA/F. Espenak, NASAs GSFC; PAISAJES ESPAOLES; PHOTODISC;
STOCK PHOTOS; STOCKBYTE; A. Garca; ESA/AGENCIA ESPACIAL EUROPEA/J. Huart; MATTON-BILD; SERIDEC PHOTOIMAGENES CD; ARCHIVO SANTILLANA
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying or otherwise without the prior permission in writing of the copyright holders. Any infraction of the rights
mentioned would be considered a violation of the intellectual property (Article 270 of the Penal Code). If you need to photocopy
or scan any fragment of this work, contact CEDRO (Centro Espaol de Derechos Reprogrficos, www.cedro.org)
2011 by Santillana Educacin, S. L. / Richmond Publishing

Torrelaguna, 60. 28043 Madrid
Richmond Publishing is an imprint
of Santillana Educacin, S. L.
Richmond Publishing
58 St Aldates
Oxford OX1 ST
United Kingdom
PRINTED IN SPAIN
ISBN 978-84-680-0068-8
CP 289803
D.L.
401895 _ 0094-0112.indd
112
14/10/11
8:49

Top Science 3 - Activity Book With Answers PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Top Science 3 - Activity Book With Answers PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Top Science 3 PRIMARY

Air and weather

Villages and cities

Finding out about

The human body

You grow and change

Smell, taste and touch

Fish and amphibians

Maps and globes

The different states of water

The water cycle

Weather and the

Rivers, lakes and

The past and present

PROJECTS AND GAMES

1 Match the photograph to the part of the body.

Point to and say the parts of the body in the photograph.

3 Label the organs. Complete the sentence.

are inside your body. They make your body function.

4 Find and write the differences.

MODEL ANSWER (M. A.)

5 Solve the riddles about parts of the body. Then, number.

3 I am inside your body. I am a living

1 I hold moveable joints together.

6 Write T (true) or F (false).

7 Label the muscles. Complete the sentences.

muscle contracts, the arm bends at the elbow.

When the triceps

muscle contracts, the arm stretches.

8 Complete the word puzzle. Find the missing word.

is made up of bones and supports the weight of the body.

Babies drink their mothers milk

Babies learn to walk

Permanent teeth start to grow

10 Write A for adolescent or B for adult.

11 Put the stages of Sarahs life in order.

4 Sarah goes to work every day. She has got

12 Draw ways to identify your friend.

Exchange books. Your partner guesses who the friend is.

3 Match the sentence halves.

helps the eye focus.

captures the light.

through the cornea.

the hole in the centre of the iris.

The girls eyes see a flying object

This information is sent to the brain through the optic nerve

Her brain knows it is a bird and not a bee

6 Classify the parts of the ear.

8 Complete the sentences about hearing.

When a guitar string vibrates

vibrates when the sound reaches it.

The three small

make the sound louder.

The cochlea sends sound through the

T The sense organ of smell is in your nose.

T The nasal cavity has special smell receptors.

F Taste and sight work together to distinguish

12 Label the tongue. Use these words.

13 Complete the sentences and draw your favourite food.

The sense organ of touch is the skin . We distinguish different sensations

What does it do?

1 Draw a path between the living things to the finish line.

a. Living things need food for the process of

3 I am inside your body. I am a living

4 Sarah goes to work every day. She has got

The girls eyes see a flying object

This information is sent to the brain through the optic nerve

Her brain knows it is a bird and not a bee

T The sense organ of smell is in your nose.

T The nasal cavity has special smell receptors.

F Taste and sight work together to distinguish

Energy from sunlight is taken through the leaves

Water and mineral salts are taken through the roots

Carbon dioxide is taken from the air through the leaves

The green substance in leaves

M. A. The roots of the plant grow

a. When do bats hunt? Bats hunt at night.

eyes at front of face

eyes at front of face

Fish breathe in oxygen through their gills

Fish use their fins to swim

Frogs take care of their babies.

Tadpoles do not have a tail.

M. A. Spiders are arthropods. They have eight legs. Most