Correas Agricolas PDF

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ASAE S211.5 JUL1998 (R2008)
V-belt and V-ribbed Belt Drives For Agricultural Machines
ASAE S211.5 JUL1998 (R2008)
V-belt and V-ribbed Belt Drives For Agricultural Machines
Adopted by ASAE June 1950; revised 1960, 1962; revision proposed by
a joint committee representing the Rubber Manufacturers Association
and the Farm and Industrial Equipment Institute; approved by the ASAE
Power and Machinery Division Technical Committee December 1968;
reconrmed December 1973, December 1978, December 1983; revised
May 1986; revised editorially February 1987, September 1988; reafrmed
December 1990, December 1995, December 1996; revised editorially
March 1998; revised July 1998; reafrmed February 2003, February
2008.
Keywords: Belt, V-belt
1 Purpose
1.1 The purpose of this Standard is to provide sufcient technical data
for the uniform physical application of belt drives to farm machines and
mobile industrial equipment. Use of this Standard will contribute to the
design of simple and economical drives.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in
this text, constitute provisions of this Standard. At the time of publication,
the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision,
and parties to agreements based on this Standard are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the
standards indicated below. Standards organizations maintain registers of
currently valid standards.
ANSI/ASME B46.1-1995, Surface Texture (Surface Roughness,
Waviness, and Lay)
ISO 1000:1992, SI units and recommendations for the use of their
multiples and of certain other units
RMA/MPTA IP-20, Classical Multiple V-Belts (A, B, C, D, and E Cross
Sections)
RMA/MPTA IP-21, Double V-Belts (AA, BB, CC, and DD Cross Sections)
RMA/MPTA IP-22, Narrow Multiple V-Belts (3V, 5V, and 8V Cross
Sections)
RMA/MPTA IP-26, V-Ribbed Belts (H, J, K, L, and M Cross Sections)
3 Scope
3.1 This Standard establishes acceptable manufacturing tolerances,
methods of measuring, and proper application for drives using V-belts or
V-ribbed belts. They may be used individually or in matched sets.
3.2 This Standard is unique to agricultural belt drives and should be
used in lieu of standards for industrial drives published by the Rubber
Manufacturers Association.
3.3 This Standard does not specify the load-life characteristics of belts.
3.4 This Standard does not include belts for automotive accessory
drives, at conveyor belting, at power transmission belts, or
synchronous belts.
3.5 The term belt(s) used throughout this Standard means V-belt(s) and
V-ribbed belt(s).
3.6 In the interest of international standardization, metric-SI units,
consistent with International Organization for Standardization Standard
1000, SI Units and Recommendations for the Use of Their Multiples and
of Certain Other Units, are included in tables 1a through 15a.
4 Denitions
4.1 effective width of V-belt groove: A groove width characterizing the
groove prole. It is a dened value not subject to tolerance and is usually
Table 1 Nominal dimensions of cross sections, in.
Belt type
Cross
section b
b
h
b
h
bb
1)
s
g
2)
Classical V-belts HA 0.50 0.31 0.41 0.625
HB 0.66 0.41 0.50 0.750
HG 0.88 0.53 0.66 1.000
HD 1.25 0.75 0.84 1.438
Narrow V-belts H3V 0.38 0.31 0.38 0.406
H5V 0.62 0.53 0.62 0.688
H8V 1.00 0.91 1.00 1.125
Double-V belts HAA 0.50 0.41
HBB 0.66 0.53
HCC 0.88 0.69
Adjustable speed V-belts HI 1.00 0.50
HJ 1.25 0.59
HK 1.50 0.69
HL 1.75 0.78
HM 2.00 0.88
HN 2.25 0.94
HO 2.50 1.00
HQ 3.00 1.20
V-ribbed belts J See 0.16 0.092
L Fig. 0.38 0.185
M 1 0.66 0.370
1)
Classical and narrow V-belts are also available in the joined belt conguration as
illustrated in gure 1.
2)
S
g
is specied pulley groove spacing (see table 7).
Table 1a Nominal dimensions of cross sections, mm
Belt type
Cross
section b
b
h
b
h
bb
1)
s
g
2)
Classical V-belts 13F 13 8 10 15
16F 16 10 13 19
22F 22 13 17 25.5
32F 32 19 21 36.5
Narrow V-belts 9FN 9 8 10 10.3
15FN 15 13 16 17.5
25FN 25 23 25 28.6
Double-V belts 13FD 13 10
16FD 16 13
22FD 22 18
Adjustable speed V-belts 25FV 25 13
32FV 32 15
38FV 38 18
44FV 44 20
51FV 51 22
57FV 57 24
63FV 63 26
76FV 76 30
V-ribbed belts FPJ See 4 2.34
FPL Fig. 10 4.70
FPM 1 17 9.40
1)
Classical and narrow V-belts are also available in the joined belt conguration as
illustrated in gure 1.
2)
S
g
is specied pulley groove spacing (see table 7).
ASAE S211.5 JUL1998 R2008 ASABE STANDARDS 2008 75
located at the outermost extremities of the straight side walls of the
groove. For all V-belt measuring pulleys and for most machined-type
pulleys, it coincides with the actual top width of the groove within
reasonable tolerances.
4.2 effective diameter of V-belt pulley: The diameter of the pulley at
the effective width of the pulley groove. (Formerly designated Effective
outside diameter.)
4.3 effective diameter of V-ribbed pulley: The outside diameter of the
pulley as a dened value at the specied pulley groove dimensions
(without tolerances).
4.4 effective length: The length of a line circumscribing a belt at the
level of the effective diameter of the measuring pulleys with the belt at a
prescribed tension.
4.5 pitch width: The width of the belt at its neutral zone.
4.6 pitch width of groove: That width of the pulley groove which has
the same dimension as the pitch width of the belt used with this pulley.
4.7 pitch diameter of pulley: The diameter of the pulley at the pitch
width of pulley groove.
4.8 speed ratio and belt speed: Speed ratio is the ratio of the pitch
diameter of the pulleys; generally expressed as a number equal to or
greater than unity. Belt speed is the linear speed of the belt calculated
using the pitch diameter of the driver pulley.
4.9 installation allowance: A design length factor permitting the
unforced installation of a belt (see tables 12 through 15).
4.10 take-up allowance: A design length factor to permit sufcient
tensioning over the life of the drive (see tables 12 through 15).
4.11 measuring pulleys: Pulleys used for determining the effective
length of a belt (see tables 5 and 6 for dimensions).
4.12 y center distance: The center distance between measuring
pulleys used to determine the effective length of a belt (see clause 7.1 for
procedure).
4.13 clutching allowance: A design length factor to facilitate the belt
drive systems operation as a clutch (see clause 9.5).
5 Cross sections
5.1 Nominal dimensions of belt cross sections for agricultural machines
are shown in tables 1 and 2. Because of different constructions and
methods of manufacture, the cross-sectional shape, dimensions, and
included angle between the sidewalls may differ among manufacturers.
However, all belts of a given cross section shall operate interchangeably
in standard grooves of the same cross section, but belts of different
manufacturers should never be mixed on the same drive (see tables 7
through 9).
6 Available lengths
6.1 The length ranges for agricultural belts are shown in tables 2 and 2a.
Figure 1 Belt types
Figure 2 Relationship between sheave or pulley outside diameter and the
corresponding effective diameter
ASAE S211.5 JUL1998 R2008 76 ASABE STANDARDS 2008
Figure 3 Diagram of a xture for measured belts Figure 4 Measuring belt ride, V-belt
Table 2 Effective length ranges, in.
V-Belts
V-Ribbed Belts Classical
1)
Narrow
1)
Adjustable speed Double-V
HA 25.0130.0 H3V 25.0140.0 HI 40.0125.0 HAA 50.0130.0 J 18.0100.0
HB 30.0300.0 H5V 50.0355.0 HJ 50.0160.0 HBB 50.0300.0 L 50.0145.0
HC 55.0365.0 H8V 100.0600.0 HK 60.0180.0 HCC 85.0365.0 M 90.0365.0
HD120.0365.0 HL 70.0200.0
HM 80.0200.0
HN 85.0200.0
HO 90.0200.0
HQ 90.0200.0
1)
Includes joined belts.
Table 2a Effective length ranges, mm
V-Belts
V-Ribbed Belts Classical
1)
Narrow
1)
Adjustable speed Double-V
13F 6353300 9FN 6353560 25FV 10203175 13FC 12703300 FPJ 4552540
16F 7607620 15FN 12709020 32FV 12704065
22F 14009270 25FN 254015240 38FV 15254570 16FD 12707620 FPL 12703685
32F 30509270 44FV 17805080
51FV 20305080 22FD 21609270 FPM 22859270
57FV 21605080
63FV 22855080
76FV 22855080
1)
Includes joined belts.
Table 3 Effective length tolerance, in.
Effective length range Effective length tolerance
Up through 51 0.40
Over 51 to and incl. 98 0.50
Table 3a Effective length tolerance, mm
Effective length range Effective length tolerance
Up through 1300 10
Over 1300 to and incl. 2500 13
Table 4 Limits of difference in effective length for matching sets, in.
Effective length range
Matching limits for one set
Normal
tensile
modulus
High
tensile
modulus
1)
Up through 54 0.16 0.08
Over 54 to and incl. 111 0.24 0.12
Over 111 to and incl. 236 0.39 0.20
Over 236 to and incl. 390 0.63 0.24
1)
Examples of high tensile modulus belts are those containing aramid, berglass,
or steel cable reinforcement.
Table 4a Limits of difference in effective length for matching sets, mm
Matching limits for one set
Normal
tensile
modulus
High
tensile
modulus
1)
Up through 1375 4 2
Over 1375 to and incl. 2820 6 3
Over 2820 to and incl. 6000 10 5
Over 6000 to and incl. 10.000 16 6
1)
Examples of high tensile modulus belts are those containing aramid, berglass,
or steel cable reinforcement.
Figure 5 Measuring belt ride, double-V belt
Figure 6 Measuring belt ride, V-ribbed belt
Table 5 Data for use in measuring belt effective length and belt ride (see gure 7)
Belt
cross
section
Pulley
outside
diameter
0.005
in.
Pulley
effective
circum-
ference,
in.
Pulley
groove
angle
0.25
deg
Pulley
groove
top width
b
g
,
reference
in.
Diameter
ball or
rod d
B
0.0005
in.
Diameter
over balls
or rods
0.005
in.
Groove
depth
h
g
,
min.
in.
Total
measuring
force
per belt,
lb
Maximum ride
position of belt
with respect to top
of groove, in.
Not joined Joined
HA* 3.183 10.000 32 0.490 0.4375 3.499 0.490 65 0.10 0.18
HB* 4.775 15.000 32 0.630 0.5625 5.181 0.580 100 0.10 0.20
HC 7.958 25.000 34 0.879 0.7812 8.536 0.780 190 0.10 0.25
HD 11.141 35.000 34 1.259 1.1250 11.996 1.060 405 0.12 0.28
HAA 3.183 10.000 32 0.490 0.4375 3.499 0.490 65 0.03
HBB 4.775 15.000 32 0.630 0.5625 5.181 0.580 100 0.03
HCC 7.958 25.000 34 0.879 0.7812 8.536 0.780 190 0.03
H3V 3.820 12.000 38 0.350 0.3438 4.203 0.340 100 0.10 0.20
H5V 7.958 25.000 38 0.600 0.5938 8.633 0.590 225 0.12 0.25
H8V 15.916 50.000 38 1.000 1.0000 17.083 0.990 500 0.16 0.30
HI 6.366 20.000 26 1.000 0.9531 7.225 0.813 180 0.16
HJ 9.549 30.000 26 1.250 1.1875 10.601 0.938 290 0.16
HK 9.549 30.000 26 1.500 1.4375 10.879 1.000 405 0.18
HL 9.549 30.000 26 1.750 1.6875 11.158 1.125 560 0.20
HM 9.549 30.000 26 2.000 1.9062 11.266 1.188 740 0.20
HN 12.732 40.000 26 2.250 2.1250 14.558 1.339 740 0.22
HO 12.732 40.000 26 2.500 2.3750 14.836 1.456 740 0.22
HQ 12.732 40.000 30 2.8750 15.519 1.575 740 0.22
*
Measuring pulley dimensions for HA and HB grooves are different than those recommended for production pulleys. The dimensions in this table reect previous
recommendations so that precision measuring pulleys will not need to be replaced and to assure correlation of length measurement.
Table 5a Data for use in measuring belt effective length and belt ride (see gure 7)
Cross
section
Pulley
outside
diameter
0.10
mm
Pulley
effective
circum-
ference
mm
Pulley
groove
angle
0.25
deg
Pulley
groove
top width
b
g
,
reference
mm
Diameter
ball or
rod d
B
0.01
mm
Diameter
over balls
or rods
0.10
mm
Groove
depth
h
g
,
min.
mm
Total
measuring
force
per belt, N
Maximum ride
position of belt
with respect to top
of groove, mm
Not joined Joined
13F 95.5 300 34 13 12.50.01 108.2 12 300 2.5 4.5
16F 143.2 450 34 16.5 15.50.02 157.7 14 450 2.5 5.0
22F 222.8 700 34 22.4 21.00.02 242.2 19 850 2.5 6.5
32F 318.3 1000 36 32.8 30.50.02 346.6 26 1800 3.0 7.0
13FD 95.5 300 34 13 12.50.01 108.2 12 300 0.8
16FD 143.2 450 34 16 15.50.02 157.7 14 450 0.8
22FD 222.8 700 36 22 21.00.02 242.2 19 850 0.8
9FN 95.5 300 38 8.89 8.500.01 104.3 8.5 445 2.5 5.1
15FN 191.0 600 38 15.24 15.000.02 207.8 15.0 1000 3.0 6.4
25FN 318.3 1000 38 25.40 25.000.02 346.3 25.1 2225 4.1 7.6
25FV 127.3 400 26 25.40 24.500.01 150.7 20 800 4.1
32FV 159.2 500 26 31.75 30.500.01 187.8 23 1300 4.1
38FV 191.0 600 26 38.10 36.500.01 224.8 26 1800 4.6
44FV 222.8 700 26 44.45 42.500.01 261.7 29 2500 5.1
51FV 254.6 800 26 50.80 48.500.01 298.7 32 3300 5.1
57FV 286.5 900 26 57.00 54.500.01 336.4 34 3300 5.6
63FV 318.3 1000 26 63.00 60.000.01 372.1 37 3300 5.6
76FV 318.3 1000 30 76.20 72.500.01 386.5 40 3300 5.6
Figure 7 V-belt measuring pulley groove
Figure 8 V-ribbed belt measuring pulley groove
Table 6 Data for use in measuring effective lengths and ride of V-ribbed belts, in. (see gure 8)
Cross
section
Pulley
outside
diameter,
reference
in.
Pulley
effective
circumference,
in.
Pulley
groove
angle
0.25
deg
Pulley
groove
spacing
S
g
,
in.
Diameter
ball or
rod d
B
0.0005
in.
Groove
depth
h
g
,
min.
in.
Top
radius
r
t
0.005
0.000
in.
Maximum
ride position
of belt with
respect to
top of
groove,
in.
Total
measuring
force
per rib,
lb
J 3.183 10.000 40 0.092 0.0625 0.082 0.008 0.10 11
0.001
L 6.366 20.000 40 0.185 0.1406 0.196 0.015 0.22 45
0.002
M 9.549 30.000 40 0.370 0.2812 0.393 0.030 0.30 100
0.0003
Table 6a Data for use in measuring effective lengths and ride of V-ribbed belts, mm (see gure 8)
Cross
section
Pulley
outside
diameter,
reference
mm
Pulley
effective
circumference,
mm
Pulley
groove
angle
0.25
deg
Pulley
groove
spacing
S
g
,
mm
Diameter
ball or
rod d
B
0.01
mm
Diameter
over ball
or rod
0.1
mm
Groove
depth
h
g
,
min.
mm
Top
radius
r
t
0.15
0.00
mm
Maximum
ride position
of belt with
respect to
top of
groove
mm
Total
measuring
force
per rib,
newtons
FPJ 95.5 300 40 2.34 1.50 97.5 2.06 0.20 2.50 50
(0.03)
FPL 159.2 500 40 4.70 4.00 163.5 4.92 0.40 5.60 200
(0.05)
FPM 254.6 800 40 9.40 7.00 259.2 10.03 0.75 7.60 450
(0.08)
Table 7a Pitch diameter location, 2a
p
, mm
Cross section Standard groove Deep groove
13F 6 14
1)
16F 8 18
22F 12 26
32F 18 36
1)
Values for HA, 13F belts in RMA/MPTA combination A/B or 13C/16C grooves.
Table 7 Pitch diameter location, 2a
p
in.
Cross section Standard groove Deep groove
HA 0.25 0.53
1)
HB 0.35 0.71
HC 0.40 1.01
HD 0.60 1.43
1)
Values for HA, 13F belts in RMA/MPTA combination A/B or 13C/16C grooves.
7 Method of measuring belts
7.1 The effective length of an agricultural belt is determined using a
measuring xture (g. 3), consisting of two pulleys of equal diameter
having standard groove dimensions (see tables 5, 5a, 6, and 6a). One of
the pulleys is xed in position while the other is movable along a
graduated scale with a specied force applied to it. The belt is rotated
around the pulleys at least twice to properly seat it in the pulley grooves
and to determine the midpoint of the center distance range. Effective
length of the belt is determined by adding twice the average center
distance measured on the xture to the effective circumference of the
measuring pulley specied in tables 5, 5a, 6, or 6a.
7.2 The belt ride dimension is checked by measuring the distance from
the top of the belt to the top of the measuring pulley groove (gs. 4, 5,
and 6). Belt ride shall be within the maximum limit given in tables 5, 5a,
6, and 6a. For V-belts the belt ride dimension is the only method of
determining proper belt t in the groove.
8 Specications for pulleys used with V-belts and V-
ribbed belts
8.1 Pulley groove dimensions
8.1.1 Refer to the appropriate RMA/MPTA standard for pulley groove
dimensions as follows below. Please observe that the ASAE V-belt
designations are prexed with an H, indicating heavy duty construction,
and the belts are not to be replaced with RMA/MPTA Standard belts even
though they are dimensionally equivalent. (This terminology does not
apply to V-ribbed belts).
Classical Belt Drives RMA/MPTA STD IP20
Sections Sections A, B, C, D
HA, HB, HC, HD 13C, 16C, 22C, 32C
13F, 16F, 22F, 32F (see clause 8.1.2)
Narrow Belt Drives RMA/MPTA STD IP22
Sections H3V, H5V, H8V Sections 3V, 5V, 8V
9FN, 15FN, 25FN 9N, 15N, 25N
Double V-Belt Drives RMA/MPTA STD IP21
Sections HAA, HBB, HCC Sections AA, BB, CC
13FD, 16FD, 22FD 13D, 16D, 22D
V-Ribbed Belt Drives RMA/MPTA STD IP26
Sections J, L, M Sections J, L, M
FPJ, FPL, FPM PJ, PL, PM
Adjustable Speed Belt Drives
See tables 8, 8a, 9, and 9a along with gures 9 and 10.
NOTE 1: Please consult RMA or MPTA if there is uncertainty concerning
the latest available standard.
NOTE 2: Select deep groove pulleys for quarter turn or other situations
where belts enter pulley groove at an angle.
8.1.2 Pitch diameter location (dimension 2a
p
in pulley groove tables) is
dependent on belt construction and pitch diameter location of the belt.
Refer to table 7 for recommended values of 2a
p
for HA, HB, HC, HD,
13F, 16F, 22F, and 32F sections.
8.2 Construction
8.2.1 Pulleys used with agricultural V-belts or V-ribbed belts shall be
made of a material which is resistant to abrasion between the groove wall
and the belt. The material should be sufciently close-grained to allow
the machining or forming of a smooth groove sidewall.
8.2.2 Machined pulleys shall have surface nishes equal to or smoother
than the following values:
Maximum surface roughness height
(arithmetic average)
1)
Machined surface area in. m
Pulley groove sidewall 125 3.2
Adjustable pulley sidewall 63 1.6
Flat pulley rim O.D. 250 6.3
Rim edges. rim O.D. 500 12.7
1)
The measuring methods dened in ANSI/ASME B46.1 shall be used to deter-
mine these values.
8.2.3 Pulleys formed from sheet metal shall be made so that the groove
width and angle are uniform throughout the circumference of the pulley.
The gage of the sheet metal used should be such that the groove will not
deect under the load imposed by the belt.
8.2.4 Adjustable-speed pulleys should be so designed that the movable
disk is perpendicular to the axis of rotation at all times without
appreciable runout or wobble. Failure to accomplish this results in a
nonuniform groove width, which materially reduces belt life and may set
up undesirable vibration of the machine on which it is used (see tables
8 and 8a).
9 Recommended design practices
9.1 Pulley diameters. In designing belt drives, it should be recognized
that the use of larger pulley diameters will result in lower bearing loads
and can result in the use of smaller and less expensive belt cross
sections.
Table 8 Dimensions for pulleys using adjustable speed belts, in.
Cross
section
Recommended
minimum
outside
diameter
Groove
angle
1
deg b
g
b
go
1)
2a 2av
HI 7.60 26 1.00 1.65 0.30 2.84
HJ 9.75 26 1.25 2.11 0.37 3.73
HK 11.50 28 1.50 2.45 0.45 4.62
HL 14.00 26 1.75 3.02 0.52 5.52
HM 16.00 26 2.00 3.48 0.60 6.41
HN 17.75 26 2.25 3.94 0.68 7.36
HO 19.25 26 2.50 4.41 0.75 8.27
HQ 21.00 30 3.00 4.92 0.90 8.30
1)
b
go
is calculated to provide for a clearance of 0.260 in. as shown in gure 9
(dimension C
L
).
Table 8a Dimensions for pulleys using adjustable speed belts, mm
Cross
section
Recommended
minimum
outside
diameter
Groove
angle
1
deg b
g
b
go
1)
2a 2av
25FV 190 26 25.40 42.0 7.6 72.0
32FV 250 26 31.75 54.7 9.4 95.5
38FV 290 26 38.10 65.1 11.4 117.0
44FV 355 26 44.45 76.9 13.2 140.5
51FV 405 26 50.80 88.7 15.2 164.0
57FV 450 26 57.00 100.2 17.2 186.9
63FV 490 26 63.00 112.0 19.0 210.0
76FV 530 30 76.20 132.9 23.0 211.7
1)
b
go
is calculated to provide for a clearance of 6.35 mm as shown in gure 9
(dimension C
L
).
9.2 Idlers
9.2.1 Idlers may be necessary on agricultural belt drives to provide
take-up or to increase the arc of contact to obtain the required drive
capacity. If an idler is needed, it should be located on the slack side of
the drive. Other factors that affect the location of the idler are its
effectiveness in belt take-up and its effect on arcs of contact.
9.2.2 An idler should have its axis of rotation perpendicular to the plane
of the belt strand on which it runs. The idler mounting should be strong
enough to maintain this relationship at all times.
9.2.3 If grooved idlers are used, the groove dimensions should be as
shown in tables 9 and 9a.
9.2.4 Minimum diameters recommended for idlers are shown in tables
10 and 10a.
9.3 Length calculations
9.3.1 The approximate belt length for a two-pulley drive may be
calculated using the formula:
L
e
2C1.57 D
e
d
e
D
e
d
e
2
4C
(1)
where:
L
e
is effective length of belt;
C is distance between centers of pulleys;
D
e
is effective diameter of large pulley;
d
e
is effective diameter of small pulley.
(See gure 11).
If pulley effective diameters (D
e
and d
e
) and belt effective length (L
e
) are
known, the approximate center distance between pulleys may be
calculated as follows:
Figure 9 Adjustable pulley dimensions
Figure 10 Adjustable speed companion pulley dimensions
Figure 11 Relation between center distance and belt length for drives with
two pulleys
Figure 12 Belt drive with more than two pulleys
Table 9 Dimensions for adjustable speed companion or idler pulleys, in.
(see gure 10)
Cross
section
Minimum
recommended
effective
diameter
Groove
angle
0.5
deg
b
g
0.001
h
g
min. 2a
HI 4.75 26 1.00 0.78 0.30
HJ 6.10 26 1.25 0.94 0.37
HK 7.25 26 1.50 1.05 0.45
HL 8.50 26 1.75 1.25 0.52
HM 9.50 26 2.00 1.40 0.60
HN 10.50 26 2.25 1.56 0.88
HO 11.00 26 2.50 1.69 0.75
HQ 12.00 30 3.00 1.97 0.90
Table 9a Dimensions for adjustable speed companion or idler pulleys,
mm (see gure 10)
Cross
section
Minimum
recommended
effective
diameter
Groove
angle
0.5
deg
b
g
0.25
h
g
min. 2a
25FV 120 26 25.4 20 7.6
32FV 155 26 31.75 24 9.4
38FV 185 26 38.10 27 11.4
44FV 215 26 44.45 32 13.2
51FV 240 26 50.80 36 15.2
57FV 270 26 57.00 40 17.2
63FV 280 26 63.00 43 19.0
76FV 305 30 76.20 50 23.0
Caa
2
b (2)
where:
a L
e
/40.393 D
e
d
e
;
b 0.125 D
e
d
e
2
.
9.3.2 To determine belt length when more than two pulleys are used on
a drive (gure 12), lay out the pulleys in terms of their effective diameters
to scale in the position desired when a new belt is applied and rst
brought to driving tension. The length of belt shall be the sum of the
tangents and the connecting arcs around the effective diameters of the
pulleys. The length of the connecting arcs can be calculated by the
formula:
Length of arcD
e
A/115
where:
D
e
is the effective outside diameter of the pulley;
A is the angle in degrees subtended by the arc of belt
contact on the pulley.
Figure 13 Installation and take-up of agricultural belts
Table 10 Minimum recommended diameters for idlers, in.
1)
Cross
section
Minimum
O.D. of
grooved
inside
idler
Minimum
O.D. of
at
inside
idler
Minimum
O.D. of
outside
idler
Minimum
face
width
of at
idler
2)
HA 2.75 2.25 4.25 1.00
HAA 4.25 4.25 4.25 1.00
HB 4.00 3.75 6.00 1.25
HBB 6.00 6.00 6.00 1.25
HC 6.75 5.75 8.50 1.50
HCC 8.50 8.50 8.50 1.50
HD 9.00 7.50 13.50 2.00
H3V 2.65 NR 4.25 1.13
H5V 7.10 NR 10.00 1.38
H8V 12.50 NR 17.50 1.75
J 0.80 0.65 1.25 BW
L 3.00 2.63 4.50 BW
M 7.00 6.25 10.50 BW
HI 5.50 4.50 NR 1.75
HJ 6.75 5.63 NR 2.00
HK 8.00 6.75 NR 2.25
HL 9.25 7.75 NR 2.50
HM 10.50 8.75 NR 2.75
HN 11.75 9.88 NR 3.00
HO 13.00 11.00 NR 3.25
HQ 15.00 12.60 NR 4.00
1)
NR, not recommended; BW, belt width + 0.75 in.
2)
For both inside and outside idlers.
Table 10a Minimum recommended diameters for idlers, mm
1)
Cross
section
Minimum
O.D. of
grooved
inside
idler
Minimum
O.D. of
at
inside
idler
Minimum
O.D. of
outside
idler
Minimum
face
width
of at
idler
2)
13F 70 57 108 25
13FD 108 108 108 25
16F 102 95 152 32
16FD 152 152 152 32
22F 172 146 216 38
22FD 216 216 216 38
32F 229 190 343 51
9FN 67 NR 108 29
15FN 180 NR 254 35
25FN 318 NR 444 44
FPJ 20 16 32 BW
FPL 76 67 114 BW
FPM 178 159 267 BW
25FV 140 114 NR 44
32FV 172 143 NR 51
38FV 203 172 NR 57
44FV 235 197 NR 64
51FV 267 222 NR 70
57FV 299 251 NR 76
63FV 330 279 NR 83
76FV 350 320 NR 100
1)
NR, not recommended; BW, belt width + 19 mm.
2)
For both inside and outside idlers.
Table 11 Minimum tangent lengths for 180 deg twist, in.
Cross section
Minimum tangent
length, in.
HA 18
HB 22
HC 28
HD 37
H3V 18
H5V 28
NOTE For all other cross sections, consult belt manufacturer.
Table 11a Minimum tangent lengths for 180 deg twist, mm
Cross section
Minimum tangent
length, mm
13F 460
16F 560
22F 710
32F 940
9FN 460
15FN 710
NOTE For all other cross sections, consult belt manufacturer.
Table 12 Installation and take-up allowances for classical, joined classical and double-V belts, in.
Allowance for installation
1)
Allowance for
stretch and wear
2)
HA
HAA
HA
joined
HB
HBB
HB
joined
HC
HCC
HC
joined HD
HD
joined
Normal
tensile
modulus
High
tensile
modulus
Up through 51.2 1.09 1.25 1.25 1.39 1.44 1.64 1.54 1.28
Over 51.2 to & incl. 98.4 1.38 1.54 1.54 1.68 1.73 1.93 2.95 2.46
Over 98.4 to & incl. 124.0 1.58 1.74 1.74 1.88 1.93 2.13 3.72 3.10
Over 124.0 to & incl. 157.5 1.92 2.07 2.07 2.22 2.26 2.47 2.51 2.75 4.73 3.94
Over 157.5 to & incl. 196.9 2.43 2.57 2.62 2.83 2.97 3.11 5.91 4.92
Over 196.9 to & incl. 248.0 2.89 3.03 3.08 3.28 3.42 3.56 7.44 6.20
Over 248.0 to & incl. 315.0 3.50 3.65 3.69 3.90 4.04 4.18 9.45 7.88
Over 315.0 to & incl. 393.7 4.41 4.61 4.75 4.89 11.81 9.84
NOTE Refer to table 14 for footnote key.
Table 12a Installation and take-up allowances for classical, joined classical and double-V belts, mm
1)
Allowance for
stretch and wear
2)
13F
13FD
13F
joined
16F
16FD
16F
joined
22F
22FD
22F
joined 32F
32F
joined
Normal
tensile
modulus
High
tensile
modulus
Up through 1300 28 32 32 35 37 42 39 33
Over 1300 to & incl. 2500 35 39 39 43 44 49 75 62
Over 2500 to & incl. 3150 40 44 44 48 49 54 95 79
Over 3150 to & incl. 4000 49 53 53 56 57 63 66 70 120 100
Over 4000 to & incl. 5000 62 65 67 72 75 79 150 125
Over 5000 to & incl. 6300 73 77 78 83 87 90 189 157
Over 6300 to & incl. 8000 89 93 94 99 103 106 240 200
Over 8000 to & incl. 10,000 112 117 121 124 300 250
NOTE Refer to table 14a for footnote key.
Table 13 Installation and take-up allowances for narrow and joined narrow belts, in.
1)
Allowance for
stretch and wear
2)
3V
3V
joined 5V
5V
joined 8V
8V
joined
Normal
tensile
modulus
High
tensile
modulus
Up through 51.2 1.09 1.20 1.44 1.58 1.54 1.28
Over 51.2 to & incl. 98.4 1.38 1.49 1.73 1.87 2.32 2.47 2.95 2.46
Over 98.4 to & incl. 124.0 1.58 1.69 1.93 2.07 2.53 2.67 3.72 3.10
Over 124.0 to & incl. 157.5 2.26 2.40 2.86 3.00 4.73 3.94
Over 157.5 to & incl. 196.9 2.62 2.76 3.22 3.36 5.91 4.92
Over 196.9 to & incl. 248.0 3.08 3.22 3.67 3.81 7.44 6.20
Over 248.0 to & incl. 315.0 3.69 3.83 4.29 4.43 9.45 7.88
Over 315.0 to & incl. 393.7 5.00 5.15 11.81 9.84
NOTE Refer to table 14 for footnote key.
Table 13a Installation and take-up allowances for narrow and joined narrow belts, mm
1)
Allowance for
stretch and wear
2)
9FN
9FN
joined 15FN
15FN
joined 25FN
25FN
joined
Normal
tensile
modulus
High
tensile
modulus
Up through 1300 28 30 37 40 39 33
Over 1300 to & incl. 2500 35 38 44 47 59 63 75 62
Over 2500 to & incl. 3150 40 43 49 53 64 68 95 79
Over 3150 to & incl. 4000 57 61 73 76 120 100
Over 4000 to & incl. 5000 67 70 82 85 150 125
Over 5000 to & incl. 6300 78 82 93 97 189 157
Over 6300 to & incl. 8000 94 97 109 113 240 200
Over 8000 to & incl. 10,000 127 131 300 250
NOTE Refer to table 14a for footnote key.
Table 14 Installation and take-up allowances for V-ribbed belts, in.
1)
Allowance for
stretch and wear
2)
J L M
Normal
tensile
modulus
High
tensile
modulus
Up through 51.2 0.86 1.20 1.54 1.28
Over 51.2 to & incl. 98.4 1.15 1.49 1.93 2.95 2.46
Over 98.4 to & incl. 124.0 1.69 2.13 3.72 3.10
Over 124.0 to & incl. 157.5 2.03 2.47 4.73 3.94
Over 157.5 to & incl. 196.9 2.83 5.91 4.92
Over 196.9 to & incl. 248.0 3.28 7.44 6.20
Over 248.0 to & incl. 315.0 3.90 9.45 7.88
Over 315.0 to & incl. 393.7 4.61 11.81 9.84
1)
Allowance for installation includes the minus manufacturing length tolerance from
table 3, the difference between the length of belt under no tension and the length
under installation tension, and an amount for installing the belts over the pulley
anges without injury.
2)
Allowance for stretch and wear includes the plus manufacturing tolerance from
table 3 as well as an allowance for the stretch and wear of the belt resulting from
service on the drive (see tables 12, 13, 14, and 15).
Installation and take-up methods are shown in gure 13. In the rst sketch, the
center distance of the drive can be adjusted to furnish the necessary installation
and take-up allowances. In the second sketch, the center distance is xed, and
the allowance for installation and take-up is provided by the idler pulleys.
Examples of the calculation of center distance, effective length, and installation
and take-up allowances are shown in Annex A.
Table 14a Installation and take-up allowances for V-ribbed belts, mm
1)
Allowance for
stretch and wear
2)
FPJ FPL FPM
Normal
tensile
modulus
High
tensile
modulus
Up through 1300 22 30 39 33
Over 1300 to & incl. 2500 29 38 49 75 62
Over 2500 to & incl. 3150 43 54 95 79
Over 3150 to & incl. 4000 52 63 120 100
Over 4000 to & incl. 5000 72 150 125
Over 5000 to & incl. 6300 83 189 157
Over 6300 to & incl. 8000 99 240 200
Over 8000 to & incl. 10,000 117 300 250
1)
Allowance for installation includes the minus manufacturing length tolerance from
table 3a, the difference between the length of belt under no tension and the
length under installation tension, and an amount for installing the belts over the
pulley anges without injury.
2)
Allowance for stretch and wear includes the plus manufacturing tolerance from
table 3a as well as an allowance for the stretch and wear of the belt resulting
from service on the drive (see tables 12a, 13a, 14a, and 15a).
Installation and take-up methods are shown in gure 13. In the rst sketch, the
center distance of the drive can be adjusted to furnish the necessary installation
and take-up allowances. In the second sketch, the center distance is xed, and
the allowance for installation and take-up is provided by the idler pulleys.
Table 15 Installation and take-up allowances for adjustable speed belts, in.
1)
Allowance for
stretch and wear
2)
HI HJ HK HL HM HN HO HQ
Normal
tensile
modulus
High
tensile
modulus
Up through 51.2 1.39 1.53 1.69 1.83 1.99 2.08 2.18 2.36 1.54 1.28
Over 51.2 to & incl. 98.4 1.68 1.82 1.98 2.12 2.28 2.37 2.47 2.70 2.95 2.46
Over 98.4 to & incl. 124.0 1.88 2.02 2.18 2.32 2.48 2.57 2.67 2.95 3.72 3.10
Over 124.0 to & incl. 157.5 2.22 2.36 2.51 2.66 2.81 2.91 3.00 3.15 4.73 3.94
Over 157.5 to & incl. 196.9 2.87 3.01 3.17 3.27 3.36 3.54 5.91 4.92
1)
Installation allowance on a drive using two adjustable pulleys can be neglected.
2)
Allowance for stretch and wear includes the plus manufacturing tolerance from table 3 as well as an allowance for the stretch and wear of the belt resulting from service
on the drive (see tables 12, 13, 14, and 15).
Installation and take-up methods are shown in gures 11 and 12. In the rst sketch, the center distance of the drive can be adjusted to furnish the necessary installation
and take-up allowances. In the second sketch, the center distance is xed, and the allowance for installation and take-up is provided by the idler pulley.
Examples of the calculation of center distance, effective length, and installation and take-up allowances are shown in Annex A.
9.3.3 Belt manufacturers have computer programs for calculating belt
length and will provide assistance in solving complex drive geometries.
9.4 Installation and take-up (see gure 13)
9.4.1 The calculated belt length (clause 9.3) shall be the effective length
of an ideal belt under operating tension. A belt drive shall be arranged so
that any belt within the length tolerances given in tables 3 and 3a can be
placed in the pulley groove without forcing. In addition, provision shall be
made to compensate for the change in effective length caused by the
seating of the belt in the pulley groove and by the stretch and wear of the
belt during its life.
9.4.2 Installation and take-up allowance specied in tables 12, 12a, 13,
13a, 14, 14a, 15, and 15a shall be provided on every belt drive to ensure
satisfactory operation.
9.5 Clutching belt drives. Properly designed belt drive systems can be
used as a clutching mechanism. The required belt effective length is
determined by adding the clutching allowance to the calculated
declutched length. The clutching allowance is calculated from the formula
Figure 14 Typical two-pulley drive with one shaft movable for take-up
Table 15a Installation and take-up allowances for adjustable speed belts, mm
1)
Allowance for
stretch and wear
2)
25FV 32FV 38FV 44FV 51FV 57FV 63FV 76FV
Normal
tensile
modulus
High
tensile
modulus
Up through 1300 35 39 43 46 51 53 55 60 39 33
Over 1300 to & incl. 2500 43 46 50 54 58 60 63 70 75 62
Over 2500 to & incl. 3150 48 51 55 59 63 65 68 75 95 79
Over 3150 to & incl. 4000 56 60 64 68 71 74 76 80 120 100
Over 4000 to & incl. 5000 73 76 81 83 85 90 150 125
1)
Installation allowance on a drive using two adjustable pulleys can be neglected.
2)
Allowance for stretch and wear includes the plus manufacturing tolerance from table 3a as well as an allowance for the stretch and wear of the belt resulting from service
on the drive (see tables 12a, 13a, 14a, and 15a).
Installation and take-up methods are shown in gures 11 and 12. In the rst sketch, the center distance of the drive can be adjusted to furnish the necessary installation
and take-up allowances. In the second sketch, the center distance is xed, and the allowance for installation and take-up is provided by the idler pulley.
Clutching allowance (min.)3.14 h
b

306 deg
+(minus belt length tol.)

where
h
b
is belt thickness (see tables 1 and 1a);
is arc of contact on clutching pulley, deg.;
Minus belt length tolerancevalues from tables 3 and 3a.
9.5.1 The calculated clutching allowance should be equal to or exceed
the allowance for installation given in tables 12 through 15 and 12a
through 15a.
9.5.2 The drive design should provide proper belt guide(s) to permit the
belt to disengage from the driving pulley.
9.6 Cross drives, mule drives, and other twisted-belt drives
9.6.1 The minimum tangent length for a 180 deg twist in a belt is shown
in Tables 11 and 11a. The minimum tangent length for any amount of
twist other than 180 deg can be obtained by multiplying the minimum
tangent length by the fraction
degrees of twist required
180
.
Adjustable-speed belts are not recommended for these drives.
9.6.2 Quarter-turn drives. On quarter-turn drives, the angle of entry of
the belt into the plane of the pulley grooves should not exceed 5 deg. A
center distance at least 5.5 times the diameter of the large pulley is
necessary to ensure this condition where one belt is used.
9.7 Specication of belt drives. In submitting a drive design problem to
engineering departments of the different belt manufacturers, it is strongly
recommended that complete information be given. Annex A provides
examples of the data needed.
Figure 15 Two-pulley drive with centers xed and idler used for take-up
Annex A
(informative)
Examples of the calculation of belt
length, center distance, installation and
take-up allowances, and inspection requirements
EXAMPLE 1 (Refer to gure 14)
The drive consists of two pulleys; one of the shafts may be moved for
installation and take-up. Effective diameters have been determined. The
preferred center distance is about 20 in.
Belt length and center distance
1. Substitute the effective diameters and preferred center distance in
formula [1]. The effective belt length required is 79.02 in.
2. Round to the nearest tenth of an inch, or 79.0 in.
3. This length substituted in formula [2] will give a center distance of
19.97 in.
Installation allowance
1. From table 12 the installation allowance will be 1.54 in.
2. Subtract this amount from the effective belt length of 79.0 in. to get
a length of 77.46 in.
3. This length substituted in formula [2] will give a center distance of
19.16 in., the minimum center distance needed for installation of
the belt.
Take-up allowance
1. From table 12 the allowance needed for take-up is 2.95 in.
2. Add this amount to the effective belt length of 79.0 in. to get a
maximum length of 81.95 in.
3. This length substituted in formula [2] will give the maximum
required center distance of 21.51 in.
Inspection requirement
Fill in the inspection requirements for the belt required in Example 1.
1. Fill in values from table 5 as follows:
Tension100 lb
h
g
0.580 in.
b
g
0.630 in.
32 deg.
OD4.775 in.
Maximum ride position of belt with respect to top of groove is 0.09
in. (Note: From table 5, the effective circumference of the
measuring pulley is 15.000 in.)
Figure 16 Double-V belt drive with four pulleys on xed centers
2. From the effective length of 79.0 in., subtract 15.000 in. and divide
the remainder by 2 to nd Y, or
Y 79.015.000/232.0 in.
3. From table 3, the length tolerance is 0.50 in. The tolerance on
dimension Y will be equal to these length tolerances divided by 2,
or
Tolerance on Y0.25 in.
The effective diameters have been determined. Both shafts are
xed in position and the center distance is 26.66 in. An 8.5 in.
outside diameter at idler will be used for take-up on the drive.
Belt length
1. Substitute the effective outside diameters of the pulleys and the
xed center distance of 26.66 in. in formula [1]. The resulting belt
length is 80.01 in.
2. Since the centers cannot be moved for installation, the shortest
possible belt must go on the drive with the idler out of the way.
Consequently, the installation allowance must be added to the belt
length obtained above. The installation allowance from table 12 is
1.73 in. This added to the length of 80.01 in. gives a required
effective belt length of 81.74 in.
Take-up allowances
From table 12, the take-up allowance needed for this belt is 2.95 in. This
amount added to the effective belt length of 81.74 in. gives a maximum
length of 84.69 in. By one of the methods outlined above for determining
belt length when more than two pulleys are used on a drive, locate the
position of the idler so that it will provide take-up for this length of belt.
Inspection requirements
Fill in the inspection requirements for the belt required in example 2.
Tension190 lb
h
g
0.780 in.
b
g
0.879 in.
34 deg
OD7.958 in.
2. From the effective length of 81.74 in. subtract 25.000 in. and divide
the remainder by 2 to nd Y, or
Y(81.7425.000)/228.37 in.
or
2. The effective diameters have been selected and shaft centers have
been located approximately. All shafts will be xed in position and
belt take-up will be accomplished by means of a grooved idler
pulley.
Belt length
1. With the idler in its installation position, use one of the methods
outlined above for determining belt length when more than two
pulleys are used on a drive.
2. To nd the length of belt for the drive, add to the length obtained
in step 1 the allowance for installation from table 12.
Take-up allowance
To the length of belt for the drive, add the allowance for take-up from
table 12. Check the drive with the idler in its maximum take-up position
to see that this length of belt can be accommodated.
Inspection requirements
Fill in the inspection requirements for the belt required in example 3.
Tension190 lb
h
g
0.780 in.
b
g
0.630 in.
34 deg
OD7.958 in.
2. From the effective length of 176.7 in., subtract 25.000 in. and
divide the remainder by 2 to nd Y, or
Y176.725.000/275.85 in.
or

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