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Then, to get my optimum valve size, I would re-arrange your formula to:

Valve Diameter = [SqRT{rpm/(23.275*80/cyl cc)}] * 1.11

Di = B(sqrt Vp)/(sqrt 80-100)


Where Di = average intake diameter, B= bore, Vp = piston speed in m/s, and 80-100
is our target intake tract velocity.

the ideal L/D for an all-out performance engine is around 0.41 for 2V, and 0.36
for 4V, and everything I've seen or read tends to agree with that...

I wanted to understand the potential power difference if one took an engine with
2-valve heads and used a 4-valve design, so I 'wrote a paper' for myself based on
the following: According to Taylor, if Z > .6, Ve begins to fall so if we use
Z=<.6 as maximum, you can determine maximum piston speed using the formula
Z=(Ap/Ai) x (s/Ci x a) where Ci is valve flow co-ef, and a is velocity of sound.
Further in Taylors discussion on Z it's stated that values between .4 and .6 were
shown to be optimum. If a = 366m/sec that puts 80m/sec well below .4, down
around .22

Z represents what is called the "inlet mach index", or "gulp factor", and isn't at
all representative of the actual Mach number, whether peak or average. Therefore,
you can't use average port velocity/a to find Z.
Just for the record, Z is usually around 0.4 for a peaky, all-out race engine, and
between 0.45-0.5 for a decent street machine.

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