BI GING

m thc VIT NAM

Ging vin: Trng Thu Hin
KT CU NI DUNG MN HC
Chng 1: Nhng vn chung v vn ha m
thc
Chng 2: Tp qun v khu v n ung
Chng 3: Tp qun v khu v n ung ca
Vit Nam
CHNG 1
NHNG VN CHUNG V VHAT
Mc tiu:
* Kin thc:
- Gip hc sinh c nhng kin thc v vn ha, vn ha
m thc ni chung v vn ha Vit Nam ni ring.
- Vn ho m thc nhn t cc gc
* K nng:
- Phn tch c m thc t cc gc .
- Nhn nh, nh gi nhng xu hng m thc hin nay.
* Thi :
- C nim am m vn ha m thc Vit.
- Gn gi, pht huy cc gi tr vn ha m thc truyn thng.
CHNG 1
NHNG VN CHUNG V VHAT
I.Mt s khi nim
1. Khi nim vn ha
1.1. Ngun gc
VH c ngha l s vun trng, chm bn hay ci
thin. N lin quan n lao ng hay hot
ng ca con ngi nhm mc ch ci to
t nhin, ci to x hi. V sau VH c
pht trin v chuyn ngha ni n tnh
gio dc, trnh nhn thc.
CHNG 1
NHNG VN CHUNG V VHAT
I. Mt s khi nim
1. Khi nim vn ha
- TK19
- E.B Talor: VH l ton b phc th bao
gm s hiu bit, tn ngng, PTTQ m
con ngi c c vi t cch l mt thnh
vin ca x hi
CHNG 1
NHNG VN CHUNG V
VN HA M THC (Tip)
- TK20
- Quan im VH ca Ch tch H Ch Minh: V l
sinh tn cng nh mc ch ca cuc sng. Loi
ngi mi sng to v pht minh ra ngn ng, ch
vit, o c, php lut, khoa hc, tn gio, vn hc,
ngh thut, nhng cng c cho sinh hot hng ngy
v n, mc, v cc phng thc s dng. Ton b
nhng sng to v pht minh tc l vn ha.
- Quan im PGS Phan Ngc: Khng phi ci g
cng gi l VH c ngc li bt c ci g cng c
mt VH ca n
CHNG 1
NHNG VN CHUNG V
VN HA M THC (Tip)
- TK20
- Quan im ca Unesco: VH l tng th
nhng nt ring bit v tinh thn v vt cht,
tr tu v cm xc, quyt nh n tnh cch
ca mt x hi v mt nhm ngi trong XH.
VH bao gm ngh thut, vn chng, nhng
li sng, nhng quyn c bn ca con ngi,
nhng h thng gi tr, tp tc, tn ngng.
CHNG 1
NHNG VN CHUNG V
VN HA M THC (Tip)
2. Khi nim vn ha m thc
2.1. Khi nim: VHAT l nhng tp qun v
khu v n ung ca con ngi, nhng ng x
ca con ngi, nhng tp tc king k,
phng php ch bin, cch trnh by cc mn
n th hin gi tr ngh thut, gi tr thm m

Chng 1 (tip)
I. Khi nim v vn ha m thc

2.2. m thc trong xu hng hi nhp
Hi nhp va mang li c hi ng thi cng c
nhiu thch thc trong tin trnh pht trin.
Mn n VN c nhiu khch nc ngoi bit
n v a thch. Mn n t du m, t cay, t
tht nh nhng, d tiu ha. Rt nhiu mn
n c tc dng cha bnh.
ung: Ru, ch


Chng 1 (tip)
II. m thc t cc gc

1. Di gc vn ha
- m thc c xem l nhng nt truyn thng
lch s, truyn thng vn ha ca dn tc, ca a
phng.
- n ung l mt thnh t quan trng to nn
phong v dn tc, phong v qu hng.
- N lu gi v to nn nhng nt ring ca vng
min
- Vn ha m thc c xem l mt thnh t quan
trng to nn v gp phn lm phong ph bn
sc vn ha ca dn tc.

Chng 1 (tip)
II. m thc t cc gc

2. Di gc x hi
- Di gc x hi, m thc c coi l nt
c trng phn bit giai tng trong x hi
+ Tng lp qu tc n ung cung nh
+ Tng lp lao ng n ung bnh dn
+ Tn gio n king, n chay

Chng 1 (tip)
II. m thc t cc gc

2. Di gc x hi (tip)
- S phn bit giai cp x hi trong n ung
cn c th hin qua nhng ba n nh m
(ba n cng cm)
- n ung l mt vn ln c c x hi
quan tm bi n ung lun gn lin vi s
sng ca con ngi
- N l du hiu bit s pht trin, s thay
i v pht trin ca kinh t - x hi.

Chng 1 (tip)
II. m thc t cc gc

2. Di gc x hi (tip)
- Tnh x hi c biu hin trong n ung
l np sng gia nh
- Di gc x hi n ung cn gip cho
vic nhn din nhng yu t c th nh: Tn
gio, tn ngng.
Chng 1 ( tip)
II. m thc t cc gc
3. Di gc y t
- m thc c coi l mt trong nhng yu t
mang li sc khe cho con ngi.
- n ung c coi l ngun cung cp cc
cht dinh dng cho c th ca con ngi
(Protein; Lipit; Gluxit; Vitamin; Cht khong;
Nc).
Chng 1 ( tip)
II. m thc t cc gc
3. Di gc y t (tip)
- n ung trc ht phi da trn c s khoa
hc ng vai tr rt quan trng trong vic bi
b sc khe v iu tr bnh.
n ung hp l, cung cp y cc cht
dinh dng s gip c th c sc khng,
tng cng th cht lm cho c th con ngi
sng khoi, c th phng nga bnh tt.
Chng 1 ( tip)
II. m thc t cc gc
4. Di gc kinh t
- Kinh t pht trin quan im n ung thay i
- Xu hng i n nh hng, khch sn ca ngi
dn ngy cng tng ln, c bit l khu vc
thnh th.
- Cc hot ng nh: Hi ch m thc, lin hoan
vn ha m thc lng qu, tun l m thc... C
sc hp dn vi du khch v mang li li nhun
ln cho cc n v tham gia.

Chng 1 ( tip)
II. m thc t cc gc
- T chc cc tour du lch khm ph m
thc; cooking class c sc hp dn c
khch ni a v khch quc t.
- S xut hin ngy cng nhiu cc doanh
nghip kinh doanh dch v n ung, c bit
l cc nh hng
- m thc cn l mt phng tin qung b
cho hnh nh t nc, cho du lch v cc
doanh nghip kinh doanh n ung.
Chng 1 ( tip)

III. Biu hin ca vn ha m thc
1. Qua gc vt cht
Chnh l nhng mn n, ung vi cht
liu, s lng, mi v, mu sc, s sp t
ca cc mn n, ung trong mm cm
2. Qua gc tinh thn
Chnh l cch ng x giao tip trong n
ung v ngh thut ch bin mn n, ngha
biu tng tm linh, cch trang tr mn n
VHAT th hin nt VH ca cc dn tc,
ngha biu tng, tm linh ca cc mn n.
Chng 1 ( tip)

IV. Vai tr ca vn ha m thc trong kinh
doanh khch sn nh hng
- Kinh doanh n ung chim mt v tr quan
trng trong kinh doanh khch sn- nh hng.
- Ngh thut m thc dn tc tr thnh mt
loi Di sn vn ha, mt ti nguyn qu
gi ca dn tc ni chung v ca ngnh du
lch ni ring.
CHNG 2
TP QUN V KHU V N UNG
1. Khi nim tp qun n ung
Tp qun l thi quen, cch ng x c lp i lp li
tr thnh n np c lan truyn rng ri trong
cng ng ngi. Tp qun c xem nh l mt
kha cnh ca tnh dn tc, mang bn sc VH dn
tc. C nhng tp qun tt, tch cc v cng c
nhng tp qun lc hu, tiu cc.
Tp qun n ung ca mt dn tc, vng, a phng
l thi quen c hnh thnh trong n ung, c
mi ngi chp nhn v lm theo. Tp qun n
ung ph thuc vo phong tc, tp qun a
phng v iu kin kinh t.

CHNG 2
TP QUN V KHU V N UNG
( Tip)
2. Khi nim khu v n ung
Khu v n ung l s thch i vi thc n v
cc v. Khu v gn lin vi mn n v n phn nh
ngh thut n ung ca tng ngi, tng dn tc.
Song khu v l vn rt phc tp, n khc nhau
tng nc, tng vng, tng thi k.
Khu v n ung ph thuc vo v tr a l, kh
hu, vic s dng nguyn liu, s pht trin ca
cng ngh ch bin, vic bo qun, d tr, yu t
lch s vn ha, gii tnh, sc khe...
CHNG 2
TP QUN V KHU V N UNG
( Tip)
2. Khi nim khu v n ung (tip)
- Ma nng: vic s dng cc nguyn liu c
ngun gc thc vt l ch yu, cc mn n
thng mt, t l nc nhiu.
- Ma lnh: Thin v s dng cc nguyn liu
c ngun gc t ng vt, cc mn n thng
c, nng, t l nc t.
CHNG 2
TP QUN V KHU V N UNG
( Tip)
3. Tnh cht v c im cc ba n
3.1. Cc ba n thng
3.1.1. Khi nim
Ba n thng l ba n nhm mc ch cung
cp cc cht dinh dng (sn sinh ra nng lng )
cho c th hot ng, duy tr s sng, sinh trng v
pht trin. Ba n thng l ba n n gin, khng
cu k, nhanh chng, n ly no.
CHNG 2
TP QUN V KHU V N UNG
( Tip)
* C cu cc ba n thng ca c chia
thnh 3 ba:
- Ba sng
- Ba tra
- Ba ti
* C cu cc ba n thng ca u gm : 3 ba
n chnh v 3 ba n ph

Chng 2 ( Tip)
3. Tnh cht v c im cc ba n

3.1.2. Thi gian, tnh cht v c im cc ba
n thng
* Ba sng ( Breakfast)
- Thi gian : + Chu : Thng din ra khong
t 6h n 8h
+ Chu u : Thng din ra
khong t 7h n 8h30
Chng 2 ( Tip)
3. Tnh cht v c im cc ba n
- Mn n : Cng c s khc bit rt ln
+ Chu : Cc mn n rt phong ph, a dng bi
ngun lng thc thc phm m ngi s dng
v cng di do, bn cnh cn c s phi kt hp
kho lo, cng vi tay ngh ch bin mn n t n
nh cao ca ngh thut.
V d : Ngi Vit Nam thng s dng cc mn n
nh : Ph, bn, min...
Ngi Hn Quc n cm, m...
+ Chu u : Thng n xp, bnh m, trng, sa...
Chng 2 ( Tip)
3. Tnh cht v c im cc ba n
Ba tra ( Lunch )
- Thi gian : + Chu : Thng din ra khong t 11h
n 13 h
+ Chu u : Thng din ra mun hn
khong t 12h n 13h
- Mn n : y l ba chnh v vy cc mn n rt giu
hm lng cc cht dinh dng, nguyn liu, mn
n, phng php ch bin c ch trng cu k, a
dng hn.

Chng 2( Tip)
3. Tnh cht v c im cc ba n
+ Chu : Mn n khng th thiu l cm,
cc mn canh, cc mn n mn ( kho, rim...)
+ Chu u : Li c s khc bit rt ln
l trong c cu ba n thng h u thc
hin theo c cu cc mn n ( Mn khai v,
mn n chnh, mn trng ming). Bn cnh
, i km vi cc mn n phi l nhng loi
ung ph hp.

Chng 2( Tip)
3. Tnh cht v c im cc ba n
Ba ti ( Dinner)
Ba n ti l ba n chnh cui cng trong
ngy nn thi gian dnh cho ba n ny nhiu hn
ba khc. Ba n ti ca ngi chu thng din
ra vo khong t 17h30 n 19h30 cn ba n ca
ngi chu u din ra mun hn khong 19h n
20h.
Cc mn n: i vi ngi u v , ba n
ny cng gm nhiu mn n hn cc ba khc,
thnh phn dinh dng phong ph, nng lng
nhiu.
Chng 2( Tip)

+ Ba n : y l ba n rt quan trng v n
l ba n sum hp gia nh sau ngy lm vic, hc
tp
+ Ba n u: Gm cc mn n c ch bin
bng cc nguyn liu thc phm d tiu ha, khng
n cc loi tht, trng... kh tiu m ch yu thc
phm l rau, c, qu, tht gia sc c mu trng, gia
cm, c, chim...
Ba n ny hu ht ngi chu u dng xp,
ma h thng dng xp lnh, xp rau; ma ng
dng xp nng c... Ba n ny i vi ngi u
khng c ngha quan trng nh ngi .
Chng 2( Tip)

* Cc ba n ph
Cc ba n ph theo tp qun truyn thng
ca ngi u M c 3 ba n.
- Ba ph sng (Coffee break, Morning tea...)
Thi gian ca ba ph sng din ra khong t
10 n 10h30, thi gian dnh cho ba ny rt
ngn thng thng khng qu 15 pht.

Chng 2( Tip)

Cc mn n ca ba ph sng: V y l
ba n ph gia gi lm sng, mt mt gip
cung cp nng lng cho c th, mt khc
cng l th gin nn cc mn n thng
dng l cc mn ngui, n nhanh, khng cu
k nh gim bng, sandwich, hamberger, sa
ti, bnh quy...
- Ba ph chiu (Coffee break, Afternoon tea...)

Chng 2( Tip)
+ Thi gian khong 15h30 n 16h, thi gian
dnh cho ba ny cng rt ngn khng qu 15
pht.
+ Mn n: Ba n ny c n vo gia gi
lm vic bui chiu nhm th gin v ly li
sc nn ba n ny cng rt nh, ch gm
nc tr, tri cy, sa ti, sa chua vi mt
t bnh m, ko ngt...
Chng 2( Tip)
- Ba ph ti (Supper )
+ Thi gian khong 23h n 24h, thi gian dnh
cho ba n ny ty thuc vo tnh cht ca ba n,
nu l ba n ph ti thng thng ti nh trc khi
i ng din ra rt nhanh, ch khong trn di 15
pht, nhng nu l ba tic m (d tic, tic chiu
i m, v tic...) th thi gian di v c th ko di
n 2 ting.
+ Mn n hu ht l cc mn ngui nh nhng:
bnh m kp nhn tht v cc mn n kiu buffet.
+ ung: Nu l n thng dng nc qu
ti, nu l n tic dng nhiu loi ru, ty thuc
tng loi tic c th dng sm banh hoc cc loi
cocktail...
Chng 2( Tip)
3.2. Cc ba n c bit
3.2.1. Khi nim
Ba n c bit (tic) l ba n c t
chc v l do c bit no nh ngoi giao,
chiu i, lin hoan, nghi thc tn gio, th
cng, sinh nht, ci... Loi ba n c bit
theo truyn thng Vit Nam gi l c v
hin nay c trong cc cuc vui, ngoi giao...
gi l tic.
Chng 2( Tip)
Ba n c bit ngc li vi ba n thng, n
khng n gin v trc ht ba tic hoc c c t
chc c phc v nhng dp c bit: ngoi giao,
nghi l tn gio, tm linh... nn n khng p ng
nhu cu n no m trc ht phi p ng nhng l
do, mc ch t ra ban u nn i hi s cu k,
cn thn v tun theo ng nhng nguyn tc hoc
chun mc.

Chng 2( Tip)
Ba n c bit ch c thc hin khi c hai
ngi cng n tr ln v c t chc ti
nhng a im nht nh, c s chun b t
trc gm nhiu mn n, trnh by p v
phi ph hp vi ni dung, tnh cht ca ba
tic v chun mc nht nh.

Chng 2( Tip)
* Tic buyp ph (buffer)
Tic buyp ph l mt in hnh ca h thng tic
ng kiu chu u, loi hnh tic ny c gi l
tic ngui. Loi tic ny rt thng dng trn th gii
v gn y Vit Nam. Cc ba n tra, ti, m c
nghi thc long trng hay thn mt u c th t chc
theo hnh thc buyp ph. Tic ny ph hp vi rt
nhiu hon cnh li d t chc nn rt thun li cho
ch tic, khch mi, v c cho ngi phc v.
Chng 2( Tip)
* Tic buyp ph (buffer)
- Cch thc t chc
- Thc n
- Thnh phn, s lng khch: Ph thuc vo
ni dung, tnh cht cc loi tic
- Tnh cht
Chng 2( Tip)
* Tic ngi (benquet)
Tic ngi l loi tic in hnh ca h thng tic, loi
ny cng c th c gi l tic nng. Loi tic ny
rt thng dng trn th gii v c Vit Nam. Cc
ba tra, ti c nghi thc long trng nh: ci, lin
hoan tng kt, khai trng, chiu i bn b hay
thm ch chiu i cp quc gia u c th t chc
theo hnh thc tic ngi. Tic ny ph hp vi rt
nhiu trng hp mang tnh ph bin nn hu nh
quc gia no hay bt c ai u bit loi tic ny.
Chng 2( Tip)
* Tic ngi (benquet)
- Cch thc t chc
- Thc n
- Thnh phn, s lng khch: Ph thuc vo
ni dung, tnh cht cc loi tic
- Tnh cht
Chng 2( Tip)
II. Cc yu t nh hng n tp qun v
khu v n ung
1. V tr a l v kh hu
1.1. nh hng ca v tr a l n tp qun v
khu v n ung
- Tp trung cc u mi v giao thng
- S dng nguyn liu, phng php ch bin,
c cu cc ba n
Chng 2( Tip)
II. Cc yu t nh hng n tp qun v
khu v n ung
1. V tr a l v kh hu
1.2. nh hng ca kh hu n tp qun v
khu v n ung
- Vng kh hu lnh
Chng 2( Tip)
- Vng kh hu lnh
+ Thng s dng nhiu thc phm ng vt
nhiu cht bo, nhiu tinh bt.
+ Phng php ch bin ph bin l xo, rn,
quay, hm.
+ Cc mn n thng c, nng, t nc v n
nhiu bnh.
Chng 2( Tip)
* Vng c kh hu nng:
- Dng nhiu mn n c ch bin t cc
nguyn liu c ngun gc t thc vt. T l
cht bo c trong mn n t hn. Thng
thng vo ma nng thng hay n nhng
thc n mt.
- Phng php ch bin ph bin l: luc,
nhng, trn, nu...
- Cc mn n thng luc, n nhiu rau, nhiu
nc
Chng 2( Tip)
2. Lch s vn ha
2.1. nh hng ca lch s n tp qun v
khu v n ung
S nh hng ca lch s th hin qua mt s
c im c tnh quy lut nh sau:
- Lch s ca dn tc no cng mnh th ch
bin mn n cng phong ph, cng cu k,
cng c o th hin r truyn thng ring
ca dn tc .
Chng 2( Tip)
- Chnh sch cai tr ca nh nc trong lch s
cng bo th th tp qun v khu v n ung
cng t b lai tp.
2.2. nh hng ca vn ha n tp qun v
khu v n ung
- Vn ha cng cao th khu v cng tinh t v
i hi s cu k, cn thn t khu la chn
nguyn liu n k thut ch bin phc v...
Chng 2( Tip)
S giao lu vn ha cng nhiu th ko theo c
s giao lu vn ha n ung, v giao lu vn
ha ni chung khng th tch ri giao lu vn
ha n ung.
3. Tn gio
C th ni, tn gio l mt trong nhng yu t
kh quan trng v quyt nh ti tp qun v
khu v n ung ca quc gia.
S nh hng ca yu t ny th hin mt
s quy lut sau:
Chng 2( Tip)
- Tn gio no s dng thc n lm vt th cng
- Tn gio cng nghim ngt th nh hng cng
nhiu, cng c nhiu iu cm k, t to ra
tnh c bit ring ca tn gio v nhng
ngi theo o .
- Tn gio no cng mnh th phm vi nh
hng ca n cng su sc
Chng 2( Tip)
4. Kinh t
Kinh t cng l mt trong nhng yu t quan
trng quyt nh n tp qun v khu v n
ung.
5. nh hng ca s pht trin du lch
Cng vi khuynh hng hi nhp chung vo
cc tro lu trn th gii Vn ha n ung
cng ha vo qu trnh hi nhp chung
Chng 2( Tip)
* Di nh sng ca khoa hc dinh dng hin
i, cch n ca nhn dn ta trc y rt
hp l .
* Mt s khuynh hng mang tnh quc t
Chng 2( Tip)
III. Tp qun v khu v n ung theo tn
gio
1. o Hi
1.1. S lc v o Hi
- Ngun gc
- Ngi sng lp
- Tn gi
Chng 2( Tip)
1.2. Tp qun v khu v n ung ca nhng
ngi theo o Hi
- o Hi c nhng lut l rt nghim ngt. L
hi Hi gio l ngy sinh ca thnh Mohamet
vo cui thng 2 u thng 3. Trong l hi,
ru v tht ln khi b cm trong ba n ca
h.

Chng 2( Tip)
1.2. Tp qun v khu v n ung ca
nhng ngi theo o Hi
Thng Ramadan hay cn gi l l tun n
chay l thng th chn 9 theo lch Hi
gio (t 17/4 17/5 dng lch) l thng
l quan trng nht v cng l dp l tt
nm mi ca tn Hi gio.
Chng 2( Tip)
Ngi Hi gio thc hin rt nghim ngt v
t gic theo nhng quy nh ca kinh thnh
Coran. Mn n thng dng ca ngi o
Hi l mn tht cu, cm nu cary Hu nh
bt c ngi hi gio no cng khng n tht
ln, tht ch, tht cc con vt b cht v bnh
tt, tht cng thn, khng ung ru, ht
thuc, dng cht kch thch gy nghin c
ngi cho rng chnh v th nhng ngi n
ng rp rt khe.
Chng 2( Tip)
2. o Hinu
2.1. S lc v o Hinu
- Ngun gc
- Ngi sng lp
- Tn gi

Chng 2( Tip)
2.2. Tp qun v khu v n ung ca nhng ngi theo o
Hinu
o Hinu cm n tht b ci v ch phm t chng
(theo h th b ci l con vt linh thing ), ngay c sa,
ngi Hinu cng khng dng sa b m dng sa tru. o
khng cm n tht v t h thch n chay. L hi ca h
thng tp trung vo nhng ngy cui ng, u xun.
+ L hi Raksha Bandha l l hi khng kht, tht cht tnh
anh em, nam n ng mn, kt thc vo thng 7 v thng 8.
+ Janam ashtamin l l hi mng ngy sinh ca thn Krishna
vo thng 8.
+ Dussebra l l hi chng qu d.
+ Pivali l ngy hi nh sng vo ban ngy thng 10, thng
11.
Mn n trong cc ngy l hi trn ch yu l mn
Samosas gm chui, kp rau.
Chng 2( Tip)
3. o Pht
3.1. S lc v o Pht
- Ngun gc: Pht gio c ngun gc t n
- Du nhp vo Vit Nam TK VI(TCN)
- Ngi sng lp: Shihatha Tt t a
- Ni dung, t tng: S t bi, nhn i, yu chung
ha bnh, khuyn con ngi lm iu thin v hng
thin

Chng 2( Tip)
T ni dung v t tng quy nh v gii
lut, cc tn Pht gio phi king 5 th:
+ Khng st sinh.
+ Khng trm cp.
+ Khng t dm.
+ Khng ni di.
+ Khng ung ru.
Chng 2( Tip)
Pht gio lc u khng cm cc tn n tht.
Tc n chay ch c thc hin di thi vua Lng
V (502 - 547) ca Trung Quc t ra.
3.2 Tp qun v khu v n ung ca nhng ngi theo
o Pht
Pht gio thc hin ch n chay
+ Tng, ni: Thc hin ch n chay hon ton
+ Pht t: n chay theo ngy (1 15)

Chng 2( Tip)
4. o C c (o Kit)
4.1. S lc v o C c
- Ngun gc
- Ngi sng lp
- Tn gi
4.2 Tp qun v khu v n ung ca nhng
ngi theo o C c

Chng 2( Tip)
5. o Do Thi
5.1. S lc v o Do Thi
- Ngun gc
- Ngi sng lp
- Tn gi
5.2 Tp qun v khu v n ung ca nhng
ngi theo o Do Thi
Chng 2( Tip)
Nhng ngi theo o Do Thi c rt nhiu quy
nh nghim ngt trong n ung
* Khng git m cc loi b, d, gia cm gi yu,
bnh tt ly tht em bn. i vi cc loi vt
cht khng bnh thng cng khng c n.
* Khng c n tht sng
* Khng c ung mu, n tit.
* Khng c cng n tht b, tht cu v sa b,
sa cu trong mt ba.
* Khng c n m di phc np b, cu.
* Khng c n gn, mng ca b, cu.
* Quy nh khi git m cc loi b, cu, gia cm
l khng c php ko di ni au ca cc con vt
CHNG 3
TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM
1. Cc yu t nh hng
1.1. V tr a l, kh hu
V tr a l Vit Nam nm trong vng ni
ch tuyn nng m gn st ch tuyn Bc,
ng thi li trung tm khu vc ng Nam

CHNG 3
( Tip)
1. Cc yu t nh hng
1.1. V tr a l, kh hu (tip)
Vit Nam c mt chiu di ng bin gii rt ln,
tip gip vi nhiu nc, c trn t lin ln trn
bin. t nc Vit Nam bao gm mt phn lnh
th trn t lin v mt phn l vng bin v thm
lc a vi din tch 329.600 km
2
dn s khong
chn mi triu ngi, phn b 3 min: Bc,
Trung, Nam.

CHNG 3( Tip)
1. Cc yu t nh hng
1.1. V tr a l, kh hu
Ngoi ra, Vit Nam l mt nc c kh hu nhit i
gi ma m. Vit Nam nm trong vng ni ch tuyn
nng m li trung tm khu vc ng Nam chu
thuc vng nhit i gi ma.
Kh hu c ma nng, ma lnh min Bc. Ma
kh, ma ma min Nam.
Bn cnh , h thng sng ngi Vit Nam phong
ph, a dng

CHNG 3( Tip)
1. Cc yu t nh hng
1.1. V tr a l, kh hu
C th ni, y l nhng yu t mang tnh c
bn tc ng n tp qun v khu v n ung ca
cc vng dn c hoc ca mi dn tc.
C th thy, v tr a l v kh hu nh vy to
iu kin cho khu v n ung ca Vit Nam phong
ph, a dng. Khu v n ung va mang c im
ca vng kh hu nng va mang c im ca vng
kh hu lnh. Nguyn liu thc phm phong ph,
nhiu chng loi
CHNG 3( Tip)
1. Cc yu t nh hng
1.2. Lch s - vn ha
Vit Nam c truyn thng lch s hng mnh hn
bn nghn nm u tranh dng nc v gi nc, li
lin tc b gic ngoi xm xm lc trong s
thng tr ca cc triu nh phong kin Trung Quc
nhiu nht v ko di nht.
Xuyn sut trong tin trnh lch s dng nc v
pht trin ca dn tc Vit Nam c tri qua t
nhng thi k u
CHNG 3( Tip)
1.1. Cc yu t nh hng
1.2. Lch s - vn ha

Nc Vn Lang Vng quc u LcThi
Bc thucS bnh trng ca vn ha Trung
HoaNhng cuc khi ngha u tranh ginh c
lp Bc u c lp.
Yu t lch s ny chi phi nn vn ha n
ung ca Vit Nam rt nhiu. Vn ha m thc Vit
Nam chu nhiu nh hng nhiu ca vn ha m
thc Trung Hoa, vn ha Php, min Bc v min
Nam chu nh hng nhiu ca vn ha n ung v
li sng M.
CHNG 3( Tip)
1. Cc yu t nh hng
1.3. Tn gio
Vit Nam ch yu l cc tn o Pht . Bn
canh , cn c mt s tn gio khc nh : o C
c, o Hi, o Ha Ho, o Cao i. Tn
gio nh hng t nhiu n tp qun v khu v n
ung ca Vit Nam.
V d : o Pht - n chay ( i vi Tng, Ni : n
chay hon ton tt c cc mn n u c ch
bin t cc nguyn liu c ngun gc thc vt. i
vi Pht T : n chay theo ngy : 1 v 15 hng
thng )

CHNG 3 (tip)
1. Cc yu t nh hng
1.4. Kinh t
Nn kinh t nc ta dn thot khi s l thuc
v tr tr t nm 1990 xa b c ch tp trung quan
liu bao cp n nay c nhng bc pht trin
quan trng. Np sng cng nghip c hnh thnh,
thu nhp dn c dn n nh v ngy cng c
nng cao, ngi dn khng ch i hi n no, mc
m m pht trin ln n ngon, mc p, nhu cu
gii tr, i du lch tng cao
CHNG 3( Tip)
1. Cc yu t nh hng
1.4. Kinh t
T nhng yu t mang tnh kinh t trn nh
hng nhiu n tp qun v khu v n ung ca
nc ta trong thi gian gn y, Mn n ca Vit
Nam phong ph v a dng hn, phng php ch
bin cu k hn.
CHNG 3( Tip)

2. Tp qun v khu v n ung ca Vit Nam (tip)
Vit Nam l nc nng nghip trng la nc
do vy m cch n ung hng ngy ca ngi Vit
Nam bt ngun t nn vn ha nng nghip.
2.1. Tp qun n ung
T ngn xa, ngi Vit Nam n u phi l
ch n no m cn thng thc n ngon, m
ngon hay ngon ming l mt phm tr ln ca
ngh thut m thc Vit Nam.
CHNG 3
TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM
2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)
- Lng thc thc phm
Go l lng thc chnh. Ngoi ra cn s dng
mt s loi khc nh: Ng, khoai, sn
- Dng c n ung
Ngi Vit Nam thng dng bt, a,
n cm. Bt: Bt n cm l loi bt nh, su lng
c ng knh ming t 10 12cm v s dng rt
nhiu cc cht liu khc nhau (snh s, thy tinh,
inox).
CHNG 3
TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM
2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)
- Dng c n ung(tip)
a thng thng vt nh mt u gp
n. a thng di khong 20 -25cm. a
thng c lm t tre hoc g vt trn c
ng knh 8mm, v gn y thy xut hin
loi a lm t nha php, sngnhng vn
khng tin li bng dng a tre v a g.

CHNG 3
TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM
2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)
-Gia v
Trong ba n, ngi Vit Nam s dng nhiu
loi gia v to v v to mi nh: to v hng, cay,
mn, ngt, ht tiu, mui mm, ng, hnh, ti
dng tm p, chm n km vi thc n.
Vic s dng cc loi gia v ny c th dng ti
nguyn, kh hoc dng bt, nc. Khu tm p gia
v trong k thut ch bin mn n ng vai tr ht
sc quan trng.
CHNG 3
TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM
2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)
- Gia v (tip)
Hu nh cc mn n u c tm p
gia v trc khi ch bin (tr mt s mn
luc), c nhng mn n vic tm p gia v
tr thnh b quyt ring ca mi ngi u
bp to ra s c o, hp dn, thnh cng ca
mi ngi n.

CHNG 3
TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM
2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)
- Phng php ch bin
Cc mn n VN rt phong ph, a dng v chng
loi v cht lng, khng c mt quc gia no c
th thng k c ht s mn n ca nc mnh. V
vy, phng php ch bin cng rt phong ph v a
dng nhng ch yu l nu, rn, luc, kho
V d: Vit Nam l mt nc c truyn thng lch s
lu i, li l nc nng nghip trng la nc, c
nhiu dn tc khc nhau do vy m cc sn phm t
nng nghip c rt nhiu, cng vi phng php ch
bin c o to ra rt nhiu cc mn n mang
bn sc vn ha dn tc m .
CHNG 3
TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM
2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)
- C cu ba n
Ngi VN thng n 3 ba/ngy gm : Ba sng,
ba tra, ba ti. Ba sng; l ba n im tm, n
lt d, khng mang tnh cht n no.
V d: Ba sng thng n ph, bn, cho, min
Ba tra v ba ti l ba n chnh. Tuy nhin cm
l mn n khng th khng c trong c cu cc ba
n chnh ny. Ngoi ra cn s dng cc mn canh,
mn mn
CHNG 3
TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM
2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)
- C cu mn n
C cu mn n theo th t cc mn n :
Mn khai v, mn n chnh, mn trng ming.
Tuy nhin c cu mn n ny ch c thc
hin trong c cu cc ba tic, c rt t khi s
dng trong c cu cc ba n thng.
CHNG 3
TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM
2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)
- Cch phc v
Ba n c by ra mm,bn n. Ty theo tnh cht
ca cc ba n m c cc cch phc v ph hp.
V d : Trong cc ba tic, c cc mn n c by
ra mm ngi chiu, phn, bn n. Hoc c th by
cc mn n ra bn n. Tt c cc mn n u c
trnh by p, hp dn th hin s thnh son ca
ba n.
CHNG 3
TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM
2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)
- Trng thi mn n
Mn n c ch bin rt nhiu trng thi khc
nhau t kh n t. Trng thi mn n rt phong
ph v a dng.
- Vn ha ng x trong n ung
+ V tr
+ Nghi l: Mi trc, trong v sau khi n
CHNG 3 (tip)

2.2. Khu v trong n ung
2.2.1. Min Bc:
- c im trong vn ha m thc ca min Bc:
Khu v n va mang c im vng kh hu lnh
va mang c im vng kh hu nng
+ V ma lnh: Ngi min Bc n rt nhiu tht
v cc sn phm t tht (gi, ch), dng nhiu mn
xo, nu, kho

CHNG 3( Tip)
II 1.2 - Tp qun v khu v n ung ca Vit Nam
(Tip)
2.2.1. Min Bc (tip)
+ V ma nng: n nhiu mn canh c ch bin
bng phng php luc, trnT l thc n c ngun
gc thc vt nhiu hn ng vt, dng nhiu mn luc
nu
- Khu v n ung
Ni n hng v v ca mn n Vit Nam ni
chung, min Bc ni ring khng th khng ni n
mn n H Ni

CHNG 3 (tip)

2.2.2. Min Trung:
c im ni bt ca khu v n min Trung l
cc mn n c v cay. t c s dng rng ri v
ph bin trong cc mn n v ba n dng ti
hoc kh, c th dng ch bin cng mn n v
n km thm ngoi.
Ngi min Trung cng a v ngt nhng va
phi.Tiu biu khu v n vng ny l khu v n ca
ngi Hu

Mn n tiu biu ca Hu
- Bn b Hu
- Bn b Hu

Nm trong s nhng mn n ngon v m
hng v nht ca m thc Vit Nam, bn cnh
nhng mn n thng thc nh cm, ph, bnh m,
h tiu th bn b Hu cn cng c a chung v
iu th v l mn n ny c th c n vo mi
bui t sng n chiu ti.
Bn b Hu l mt c sn ca m thc Hu, tuy
l bn b nhng ngoi tht b cn c tht heo.
Hng v c bit ca mn n ny ch yu l v
cay nng, mi s c trng ca nc lo. Vn l
mt hng v Hu khng ln vo u c v chnh
iu khin ngi n c nh mi v mn n ny.
- Bn b Hu

V c bn, bn b Hu ging nh ph vi mt
t nc lo cng vi cc loi tht, gia v cng vi
bn hoc bnh ph. Tuy nhin, cng ph thng
mm v mng trong khi cng bn b cng v dai
hn. Nu nghe qua ci tn ca mn n ny, hn ai
cng s ngh Hu l mt vng t v tht b nhng
tht ra Hu khng c nhiu tri nui b v cng
khng c loi tht b tr danh no xut pht t Hu.
Th nhng t bn b ny li vang danh khp t
Vit ging nh thnh ph Hu, tuy khng c nhiu
thnh tu nhng ci chn cht, gin d ca con
ngi Hu li ghi du n su m vo lng nhng
con ngi tng dng chn gh qua ni ny.

- Bn b Hu

Mn bn b Hu c ngt bi cay mn, tt c
nhng hng v to thnh mt mn n ngon v
Hu cng l vng t s cho bn nhng cm gic
trn vn nht v mt Vit Nam xa v nay
Bn b Hu c mt thc khch m t sau khi
thng thc mn bn tuyt vi ny nh sau: Khi
thng thc, nc dng bn thm ngy mi s, t,
m hng v mm ruc Hu, cng vi nhng si
bn do, mi, nut n lm sao. Ming gi heo chn
sn, nhai c sn st, ming tht bp b va bi li
va thm.
- Bnh bo Hu


- Bnh bo Hu

Khng bit c t bao gi, nhng bnh bo
l mt c sn, mt mn n khng th thiu ca
ngi dn x Hu. Bnh bo c mt t mm cm
dn d mi gia nh cho n cc ba tic, ngy l,
ngy Tt v cc dp i khch trng th.
Bnh bo lm khng kh, nguyn liu lm bnh
ch l go xay thnh bt mn, em ngm nc vi
pht c do, lng va phi, sau mc vo
tng chn nh, xp vo v em hp chn bng hi.
Khi bnh chn cho thm gia v nh: tm gi tht
nh, mt t du bo thc vt ti ln chn bnh
trc khi n.
- Bnh bo Hu
Nc chm bnh bo c nu t tm ti nn
va c v ngt, va bo. Khi n, ty khu v tng
ngi m dng t cho va...
C dp n Hu, mi thy bnh bo gn b vi
i sng sinh hot ca ngi dn c nh th no.
Khong t 3 n 5h chiu, u trn cc ng ph
nhng ph n gn gng trong b o di thong th
bch b vi quanh gnh nh trn vai hoc chic
thng nh cp ngang hng, i bn bnh bo, bnh
lc n tng nh.
- Bnh bo Hu
Ngi Hu rt thch v thnh thi quen
dng loi bnh mang m hng v qu nh
ny cho cc ba n ph, ch cn 1.000 ng l
c mt a bnh bo lt d thm ngon.
Bnh bo cng khng thiu trong cc ba
"cm vua" phc v khch du lch v trong cc
ba tic "cm cung nh" chiu i cc khch
qu.

CHNG 3( Tip)

2.2.3. Min Nam
- c im ni bt trong khu v Nam B l cay,
ngt chua. to cc v ny, ngi nam b thng
dng t t, me ng cho vo trc tip ch bin
mn n.
CHNG 3 (tip)

2.2.3. Min Nam (tip)
- Mn n tiu biu

- Lu mm
Lu mm khng phi ca ring Si Gn, m l
mn rut ca min Nam, biu tng ca sng nc
min Nam.
Mc du nh vn Sn Nam khng nh lu mm
gc Chu c nhng ngun gc ca lu mm c th
ni chc l ca dn Khmer, cng gc vi bn mm -
mt loi nc mm kho lm nc lo n bn hoc
n rau.
- Lu mm
Nhng bin tu v sau ny chng qua l mt kiu
tip bin vn ho m thc gia ngi Khmer bn a
v ngi min Trung v Nam khn hoang. Bin tu
m nht, c th ni l biu tng ca vng sng
nc Nam b, l a rau honh trng vi hng chc
loi rau.
Cc loi rau trong lu mm: bng sng, l tai
tng, rau m, rau da, bng b, bng so a, lc
bnh, rau mung, rau nht, cn nc, rau ng, rau
ng t, ko no, ci xanh, u rng, bp chui,
gi, c tm, nm rm, nm dai, kh qua, u bp,
cng cua, h, bng in in, t xoi, t chm
rut, cn ty, thm, chui cht...

- Lu mm
n tng th gic ca ngi n lu mm l mm
rau, vi mu sc xanh vng. Xanh ca rau.
ca bng so a Thi. Vng ca bng b.
Trong khi , n tng v gic ca lu l nc lo
mm chng. Mm thng l mm c sc, cng c
ni dng mm lc, mm linh, mm trn. V mt s
gia v khc km, t bt mi mm. Nhng dn
snh iu li khng thch mi mm nht, bi vy
mm b hc ca ngi Khmer min Ty mi lm
nn danh gi ca mm chng, ca bn mm.
- Lu mm
Ngoi ra, lu mm cn bin tu thm mt tng
na, tr thnh mt tng hp thc phm ca c vng
sng nc ln bin. Ngi ta dn thm: tht heo
quay, c h, mc, c bu, tm, s, nghu... V l
, ngi n cng phi bit phi ming cho cc
v: nc, rau, tht, c, sao cho hi va hng va
sc.
Si Gn c mt s a ch ni ting v lu mm
nh Phc Thnh trn ng L Th Ring c lch
s thnh lp t nm 1949, Phong Lan ngoi cu
Si Gn (i n nh mang nn bo him).
- Lu mm
Chng hiu ngy ch tc ra lu mm, ng b ta
ngh g, tnh ton dinh dng ra sao, c l dng rau
t i ci mn ca mm, cn bng m dng.
Cn by gi, gia lc ngi ta ngy cng b i nn
bo ph, lu mm tr thnh mt th mn n thi
thng hn cc loi lu khc, v l mt th lu n
king.
Cng c thuyt bo lu mm gc Cn Th, ban
u c tn gi l lu mm Ninh Kiu. V hin nay
ni ting nht x ny l lu mm D L. B ch
qun ny cho bit lu y c iu chnh theo gu
ca ngi n, tu hng ngi m gia gim mi v.
* ung
Bn cnh nhng mn n c trng tiu
biu cho khu v n tng vng khng th
khng nhc ti cc loi ung.
- Ru: c chng ct t go, ng
- Ch: Ch yu mt s tnh nh Thi
Nguyn, Yn Bi
Cu hi n tp
Mn: m thc Vit Nam
1. Nu khi nim vn ha ca Unesco? Phn
tch m thc di gc x hi?
2. Nu khi nim vn ha m thc? Phn tch
m thc di gc y t?
3. Phn tch biu hin ca vn ha m thc
qua gc vt cht v tinh thn? Cho v d c
th?
4. Phn tch khi nim tp qun n ung; khu
v n ung?
5. Trnh by khi nim, thi gian, tnh cht v
c im cc ba n thng?

Cu hi n tp
Mn: m thc Vit Nam
6. V tr a l v kh hu nh hng nh th no
n tp qun v khu v n ung?
7. Lch s vn ha v tn gio nh hng nh
th no n tp qun v khu v n ung?
8. Trnh by tp qun v khu v n ung ca
Min Bc Vit Nam?
9. Trnh by tp qun v khu v n ung ca
Min Trung Vit Nam?
10. Trnh by tp qun v khu v n ung ca
Min Nam Vit Nam?