NITRIT

SINONIM : German = nitrite, French = nitrites, Italian = nitriti, Spanish =

nitritos
BENTUK KOMERSIA : nitrit !iasa "i#$na%an "alam !ent$% natri$m nitrit&
'i se($mlah ne#ara nitrit "i#$na%an "alam !ent$% #aram "an !isa men(a"i
camp$ran #aram "ap$r
TOKSISITAS :
)& A%$t : !a#i man$sia, nitrit a#a% le!ih !erac$n "en#an "osis *an#
memati%an +,m#-%# !erat !a"an ata$ se%itar ,#r per in"i.i"$& Nitrit
m$rni memili%i to%sisitas relati/ %$at, nitirt a%an men*e!a!%an
%erac$nan (i%a "i#$na%an ti"a% "en#an semestin*a
,& Kronis : nitrit !$%an mer$pa%an salah sat$ pen*e!a! "ari %arsino#eni%&
0al ini telah "i!$%ti%an "en#an perco!aan pem!erian ma%an %epa"a
ti%$s "en#an "a#in# *an# men#an"$n# nitrit le!ih "ari 1,2 3& Nitrit
($#a "apat "i!ent$% "en#an cara mere"$%si mi%ro!a nitrat
REGUASI : "i hampir sem$a ne#ara nitrit "ii4in%n $nt$% "i#$na%an
se!a#ai !ahan c$rin# pa"a "a#in# ata$p$n i%an "an ($#a se!a#ai !ahan
pen#a5et $nt$% "a#in#& 'i !e!erapa ne#ara nitrit "ii4in%an han*a $nt$%
men(a"i camp$ran "en#an #aram "ap$r
MEKANISME ANTIMIKROBIA : nitrit se!a#ai antimi%ro!ia "i"asar%an pa"a
asam nitrit *an# men#asil%an o%si"a nitro#en& O%si"a nitro#en ini a%an
mele%at pa"a #$#$s amino "ari sistem "ehi"ro#enase mi%roor#anisme sel
*an# "apat men*e!a!%an tin"a%an pen#ham!atan& Nitrit ($#a memili%i
tin"a%an pen#ham!atan spesi6% pa"a en4im !a%teri *an# men#%atalisis
"e#ra"asi #l$%osa& 7en##$naan 8111 ppm nitrit "apat men#ham!at
pert$m!$han Staphylococcus aureus pa"a p0 9,:& 7roses pen#ham!atan
mi%ro!ia "en#an men##$na%an nitrit har$s "i%om!inasi%an "en#an
pen##$naan #aram !iasa&
A7IKASI : nitrit !iasa "itam!ah%an %e pro"$% "a#in# ter$tama sosis ,
penam!ahan nitrit ti"a% han*a $nt$% mempertahan%an 5arna "a#in# "an
mempertahan%an rasa spesi6% "a#in# , tetapi ($#a $nt$% men#ham!at
pert$m!$han !a%teri pem!$s$%&&
O;ONE
SINONIM : German = o4on, French = O4one, Italian = O4ono, Spanish =
o4ono
BENTUK KOMERSIA : o4one !ersi/at ti"a% sta!il, o4one "ipro"$%si "en#an
ar$s listri% %$at "ari mole%$l o%si#en *an# "ise!$t "en#an o4oni4ers&
O%si#en *an# "i#$na%an $nt$% mempro"$%si o4one har$slah o%sei#en
m$rni
TOKSISITAS : o4on a"alah #as *an# san#at !erac$n& Bah%an %onsentrasi
sese"i%it )<,m# - m
+
"i"alam $"ara "apat men*e!a!%an iritas pa"a
selap$t len"ir pernapasan&
REGUASI : o4on "ii4in%an "i !er!a#ai ne#ara $nt$% treatment air min$m,
"en#an %onsentrasi ma%sim$m )1 m# per liter air min$m& Nam$n setelah
"ila%$%an treatment, %$antitas ma%sim$m *an# "ii4in%an a"alah 1,12m#
o4on per lliter air min$m
MEKANISME ANTIMIKROBIA : o4on a%an mem!$n$h mi%roor#anisme relati/
cepat, (i%a "i#$na%an "alam %onsentrasi *an# tepat& Me%anisme
antimi%ro!ia pa"a o4on pa"a "asarn*a terleta% pa"a e/e% *an#
"itim!$l%an "ari o%si"asi *an# men*e!a!%an %er$sa%an permanen pa"a
asam lema% "alam mem!ran sel "an ma%romole%$l sel$lar, seperti protein
"an 'NA& Ba%teri #ram positi/ pa"a "asarn*a le!ih sensiti/ terha"ap o4on
"i!an"in#%an !a%teri #ram ne#ati/&
A7IKASI : !i"an# $tama pen##$naan o4on a"alah $nt$% "esin/e%si air
min$m& Ke$nt$n#an "ari men##$na%an o4on a"alah o4on "apat !er$!ah
men(a"i mole%$l o%si#en ta% lama setelah mem!$n$h mi%ro!a, sehin##a
ti"a% a"a 4at<4at asin# *an# ti"a% "iin#in%an "alam air min$m
SUFUR 'IOKSI'A
SINONIM : German = sch5e/el"io=i", French = !io=*"e "e so$/re, Italian =
!iossi"o "i 4ol/o, spanish = anhi"ri"o s$l/$roso
BENTUK KOMERSIA : s$l/$r "io%si"a pa"a $m$mn*a "i#$na%an "alam
!ent$% cair *an# "ise"ia%an "alam silin"er "i!a5ah te%anan
TOKSISITAS
)& A%$t = s$l/$r "io%si"a "an s$l6t (a$h le!ih !erac$n !ila "i!eri%a secara
intra.ena& Rea%si antara man$sia "en#a s$l/$r "io%si"a san#at l$as&
Se($mlah oran# "apat mentolerir hin##a 8#r s$l6t setiap harin*a tanpa
e/e% *an# ti"a "iin#in%an& E/e% *an# "itim!$l%an "ari re%asi s$l/$r
"io%si"a a"alah tim!$ln*a sa%it %epala, m$al, "iare ata$ perasaan
%em!$n# setelah menelan s$l/$r "io%si"a 5ala$ han*a "alam ($mlah
se"i%it &
,& Kronis = "alam 5a%t$ sat$ tah$n "ila%$%an perco!aan "en#an
menam!ah%an 1,2<,3 so"i$m !is$l6t %e "alam pa%an ti%$s "an
men#a%i!at%an %er$sa%an "ari !er!a#ai (enis sistem s*ara/ , or#an
repro"$%si, (arin#an t$lan#, #in(al "an or#an "alam lainn*a& IAR>
?International A#enc* /or Research on >ancer@ men*ata%an !ah5a
s$l6"a ti"a% memili%i e/e% %arsio#eni% pa"a man$sia nam$n a"a
se"i%it e/e% pa"a he5an perco!aan& S$l/$r "io%si"a m$n#%in memili%i
e/e% m$ta#eni% pa"a mi%roor#anisme&
REGUASI : s$l/$r "io%si"a, !e!erapa macam s$l6t, !is$l6t, p*ros$l6t
"ii4in%an "i hampir sem$a ne#ara se!a#ai pen#a5et ma%anan, ter$tama
$nt$% pen#o!atan pro"$% tanaman "an an##$r
MEKANISME ANTIMIKROBA : a%si antimi%ro!a s$l/$r "io%si"a pa"a
"asarn*a "i"asar%an pen#ham!atan rea%si %atalisasi en4im& Tin#%at
sensiti.itas pen#ham!atan en4im oleh s$l6t ter#ant$n# pa"a rea%si 'NA&
'i sampin# it$, s$l/$r "io%si"a ($#a "apat men#ham!at %as%a"e rea%si
en4imati% "en#an menan#%ap pro"$% a%hir ata$ pro"$% seten#ah (a"i
se!a#ai hasil "ari rea%ti.itas %imia& Asam s$l/$r "an #aramn*a "apat
"i(a"i%an pen#a5et "imana a%si anti!a%teri *an# "imili%i relati/ %$at&
A7IKASI : s$l6t "apat men#ham!at per%em!an#an !a%teri pa"a "a#in#
"an pro"$% "a#in# se#ar& 7a"a saat *an# sama s$l/$r "io%si"a
mensta!il%an 5arna "a#in# sampai !atas tertent$& S$l/$r "io%si"a ($#a
"i#$na%an "alam pro"$% !$ah<!$ahan se!a#ai pen#a5et sementara *an#
"itam!ah%an pa"a pro"$% mentah "an pro"$% seten#ah (a"i *an# "apat
"ihilan#%an pa"a proses pen#olahan "en#an cara pemanasan& 'alam
min$man, s$l/$r "io%si"a "i#$na%an "alam pem!$atan min$man an##$r
ata$ 5ine& 7enam!ahan s$l/$r "io%si"a "apat mence#ah pert$m!$han
!a%teri asam asetat, ra#i "an %apan#&