.

: II

III
7.
y = f(x)
() ( x).
,
, ,
. :
, .
() ,
. sin x, cos x, tg x.

7.1.
y(x) = sin x, . , .

R, [-1, 1].
(-) 0, , 2, 3, ..., ( 3,14).
.

1, -1 (Y-)
,
+ 2,
+ 4, .
,
. , ,
2, 1.
,
, (xR) y(-x) = -y(x).
y(x) = cos x, . , .

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. : II

. , cos x = sin(x + ), sin x =

cos(x ). , 2, 1. ,

( ).
-,
, (xR) y(-x) = y(x).
y(x) = tg(x), .
. (-)
0, , 2, 3, ... ,
3,14; 6,28; 9,42; ... . .
3,14.

, .

, (-) =  ,


 ,  , , .




1,57; 4,71; 7,85; ... .
,
() .
-
; .
, .
y(x) = ctg(x), . ,




, 
, 
, ,
, .
= 0, , 2, 3,
... .

, . ,
.

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. : II
7.1.1.
1. :
) sin 120;
) sin -2;

) cos 300;

) cos  ;

) tg -210;

) tg .

2. -4 6 :
) sin = 1;

) cos = 1;

) tg = 1.

3. y, -2 4 :
) y = 2sin ;

) y = 0.5cos ;

) y = -tg .

4. y, t -2 4 :
) y = sin 2t ;

) y = cos 0.5t ;

) y = tg(-t).

5. y, x -2 4 :
) y = 1 sin x;

) y = 1 + cos ;

) y = tg x 1 .

6. f(x), x -2 4 :


) f(x) = sin(x +  );

) f(x) = cos(x  );

) f(x) = tg( x).

7.2.
7.2.1. f : Df R , Df R ,
, t Df , t T Df , f(t + T) = f(t).
f.
: ,
{x}.
. (-)
,
.

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. : II

f(t) = c = const.
, R+. , (tR) f(t + T) = f(t) = c.

f(t) .
(),

.
.

,

.
: ,
, .

.

36
III

. : II

7.2.2. {x} = x [x], [x] .

: , o -.
x
[x]
{x}

1
1
0

1,2
1
0,2

1,5
1
0,5

1,7
1
0,7

2
2
0

2,3
2
0,3

2,5
2
0,5

2,8
2
0,8

3
3
0

, f(x) = {x} = x [x], f(x + T) = x + T [x + T], f(x + T) = f(x), x

+ T [x + T] = x [x]. T = [x + T] [x], . T Z.
1 .
7.2.3. f(x)
x R f(x + a) + f(x) = 0. f(x) .
: (xR) f(x + a) = f(x). +
f(x + 2a) = f(x + a) = f(x) . , (xR) f(x + 2a) = f(x),
f(x) = 2.
7.2.4. y = atg(bx + c).

37
III

. : II
: , = bx + c
. , b(x + T) + c = (bx + c) + .
T =

7.2.5. f(x) = asinkx + bcoskx.

: a = rcos b = rsin , r = a 2 + b 2 f(x) = rcossinkx +
rsincoskx = rsin(kx + ). r sin(kx
+ ). = kx + , 2,
, . (kx + ) + 2 = k(x + T) + . T = 2/k .
f(x).
7.2.6. sin2x.

1 + cos 2 x

2
cos2x. , = 2/2 = .
: sin 2 x =

7.2.7. , 1 2,

1 2.

, y(x) = sinx + sin
, 1 = 2 2 = 4,

4. , = (1, 2) = 4, :

.
. ( )
. , , :
38
III

. : II
= ( )/( ).
, 3/5 2/3 3 2 6, 5 3 1,
6/1 () .




, ( 
, ) = (9, 15)/(10, 14) = 45/2; :



: 
= 25





:  = 21.

3/5, 2 /3, ...,

2/3, 3/5, ... . , (/3, 3/2) = (, 3)/(2, 3) = 3/1 = 3.
, -,
.
7.2.8. f(x) = sin3x.

3 sin x sin 3x
3
3
= sin x sin 3x .
4
4
4
1 = 2, 2 = 2/3. , = (1, 2) = 2.
: f(x) = sin3x =

7.2.9.
1. :



2. : ) f(x) = 3 + 2sin

; ) f(t) = 5 3cos



3. :
) y = sin2x + cos2x;

) y = sin cos ;

) y = sin(x - ) + cos(x - ).

4. :

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. : II

) f ( x) = sin 3x

+ sin 2x + ;
3
3

) f(x) = sin2x + cos4x;

) f ( x) = sin x + cos x ;
) f(x) = sin{x}.

[2; /2; /2; 1.]

5. :
) y = sin x + sin2x;

) y = cos3x cos2x;

) y = sin x + cos2x.

6. :

7.3.
,
. ,
, . , .
, ,
.
, , ,
.
40
III

. : II
, y = Asin(t + ), A > 0, ,
t
. ,
.
.
, . , y = 2-tsin3t
= 2-t t .
() ()
. ()
() .
7.3.1. y(x) = asin(bx + c), y(x) = acos(bx + c),
je |a|. ,

x
y ( x) = 4 sin
3
4.
x (-5, 5),
(5, 15),

.
7.3.2. y(x) = a1sin(bx + c) + a2 cos(bx + c) je A = a12 + a22 .
a

a
: y(x) = A 1 sin(bx + c) + 2 cos(bx + c) , A = a12 + a22 . ,
A

A
a
a
cos = 1 sin = 2 ,
A
A
2

a2
a2
a 2 + a22
a a
= 1. ,
cos2 + sin2 = 1 + 2 = 2 1 2 + 2 2 2 = 12
a1 + a2 a1 + a2
a1 + a22
A A
y(x) = A(cossin(bx + c) + sincos(bx + c)) = Asin(bx + c + ),
A = a12 + a22 .
, y(x) = 2sin5x + 3cos5x,

A = 2 2 + 32 = 13 3,6.

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. : II

7.3.3.

y=

sin x + sin 3x
1 + cos 2 x

1 ( a , a > 0, ).
: 1 + cos2x > 0, . 2cos2x > 0,

+ k , k Z. sin3x = sin(x + 2x) = sin x cos2x + cos x sin2x = = sin x (3 4sin2x) .

y= 2

cos x sin 2 x 2 sin 2 x, cos x > 0

. , cos x > 0 x (-
,
) + 2k,
=
cos x
2 sin 2 x, cos x < 0

cos x < 0 x (
,
: sin2x = 1 x =



) + 2k, k Z. : sin2x, = . : sin2x = 0, x =



3
+ k , k = 0, 1, 2, .
4

13. , 1971.

42
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. : II

.
7.3.4.
1. :

) y = 2sin(3x 4);

) y = -cos( 2x);

) y = 0,5tg(4x + ).

2. :

) y = 2sin2(x );

) y = -cos2(2x + );

) y = 1,5tg2(3x + ).

3. (7.3.2.) :
) y = sin2x + cos2x;

) y = sin(x - ) + cos(x - ).

) y = sin cos ;

4. :
) y = sin x + sin2x;

) y = cos3x cos2x;

) y = sin x + cos2x.

5. :
) f(x) = sin4x + cos4x;
) f(x) = cos x + |cos x|.

) f(x) = 2sin2x + sin2x;

) f(x) = sin x + |sin x|;

6. :
) f(x) = sin x cos2x;
) f(x) = sin

x x
2

) f(x) =

sin 2 x 2 sin x + 1 ;

) f(x) = cos

x +x
2

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. : II

7.4.
:

a: a = arcsin b b = sin a, a [-/2, /2];

: a = arccos b b = cos a, a [0, ];
: a = arctg b b = tg a, a [-/2, /2];
: a = arcctg b b = ctg a, a [0, ].

y = arcsin x, x [-1, 1];

y = arccos x, x [-1, 1];
y = arctg x, x R;
y = arcctg x, x R.

7.4.1. arcsin x + arccos x = .

: = arcsin x. x = sin , cos = 1 x 2 , [-/2, /2]

. , = arccos x. x = cos

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. : II

sin = 1 x 2 . sin( + ) = x2 + (1 x2) = 1, + =

+ 2k , k Z.

3
[-/2, /2] [0, ] + , , + = .
2
2 2

7.4.2. arccos sin .
7


: = arccos sin . cos = sin [0, ].
7
7
9
9


+ 2k , k Z.
. =
sin = cos + , cos = cos
14
14
2 7
7

9
.
14

7.4.3. arcsin

: = arctg

2
2
2
+ arctg
= arctg 1 + 2 .
2
2

2
2
2
. arcsin
= + <
(0 <
< 1 0 < < ),
4
2
4
2
2
4
2

= arctg tg + . , tg =
, tg = 1 , tg + =
4
2
4
4
4

2 +1 ,

= arctg 1 + 2 .

7.4.3.
1. : arcsin 0,5 ; arccos



; arctg(-) ; arcctg 0.

2. :

) arctg x + arcctg x = ;

) arccos(-x) = - arccos x.

3. :

) arctg ctg
3

;
5

) arccos sin

) arcsin cos

3
;
5

8
.
3

) arctg tg

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. : II
[ 7/10; -/10; -/6; /3]
4. :




) arccos + arccos
=arccos( );





) 2arctg + arctg14 = arctg ;

) arctg + arctg +arctg arctg = .

5. :
) f ( x ) = arcsin

2x
;
1 + x2

) f ( x ) = arcsin

1
;
x

) f ( x) = arcsin

) f ( x) = arccos

[a) D = R,
x2 2

2 x4 2x2 + 2

1 ; )

2 x4 2x2 + 2
x

x2
) f ( x) = arccos(2 sin x) .

) f ( x) = arccos 1 + x 2 ;

x2 2

2x
1 ; ) D = R, x4 2x2 + 2 = (x2 1)2 + 1 > 0
2
1+ x

1
1 , . |x| 1; ) D = (-, 1]; ) = 0; ) 2sin x 1, tj. -/6
x

+ k x /6 + k, k Z.]
6. :
i. y = sin(arcsin x);
iv. y = arcsin(cos x);

ii. y = arcsin(sin x);

v. y = tg(arctg x).

iii. y = sin(arccos x);

[

46
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Contents
III ..................................................................................................................33
7. .......................................................................................................................33
7.1. .......................................................................................................................33
7.2. .........................................................................................................................................35
7.3. ..........................................................................................................................40
7.4. ............................................................................................................................44

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