MT S LU KHI THI CNG IN CNG TRNH NH CA

BN
Hn l khng ai khng mt ln trong i i mt vi vic xy cho mnh
mt ngi nh hnh phc hon ton mi hoc sa cha li ci t m hin
hu ca gia nh mnh. Khng ngoi l, ti cng vy, mc d l dn in
chnh thng, khi xy nh ti cng tnh ton v b tr thit b kh l k
lng v d d, nhng m sao trong qu trnh s dng c c pht sinh
mi hoi thi.
Bit rng l do nhu cu s dng ca mi gia nh, ti mi thi im
s c nhng pht sinh khc nhau v s lng thit b, v cng sut s
dng, . Ti m bo vi bn rng bn s b ri rm khi pht sinh m
nh thu thi cng sa cha in cho bn th ri khi cng trnh. Do
vy mt li khuyn chn thnh cho bn l tha cn hn thiu, v h
thng in i ngm th rt kh sa cha, ci to nu bn khng phi l
th in chuyn nghip huyn thi cng cng trnh.
NHNG VN CN LU TRONG LA CHN THIT K
IN CHO NH
LA CHN V B TR N TRANG TR TRONG NH
Mt li khuyn cho bn l nu kinh ph cho php, bn hy nh n kin
trc s c kinh nghim v ni tht la chn v b tr mt bng n chiu
sng cho cn nh ca bn. Kin trc s cn phi la chn trc v cung
cp cho bn hnh nh cc b n m h la ch trc cho bn bn
la chn li cho d.
Tht s iu ny khng tha cht no u, v mnh rt vt v i
la chn cc loi n trang tr cho cn nh ca mnh, cho cc ca hng,
nh hng m mnh kinh doanh mc d mnh c nhiu kinh nghim
trong ngnh.
Nu khng c t vn v la chn trc, bn s mt rt nhiu thi gian
v khi lc vo c rng n cc ca hng v gp phi cc chuyn gia
bn hng do ming th kh lng m chn c mt b n trang tr p
v ph hp cho cn nh ca mnh. Nu l bn gp mt ngi bn hng
gii nhng khng c kin thc v trang tr ni tht t vn cho bn th
cnh tng bn s ra v vi cc b n trang tr li chi khng ng b,
khng thng nht v style, khng ph hp vi tng mu ca nh. l
iu khng trnh khi
Do , Khi i la chn th bn nn c trong tay b bn v mt bng b
tr n hoc nhng hnh nh v phi cnh ni tht bn d la chn
n cho tng v tr trong nh. Mi phng trong nh s c mt cng nng
ring, v c mt v p ring ca n, t nhng v tr ch o nh phng
khch, phng n, phng ng cho n cc v tr ph nh snh, cu
thang, bp, phng v sinh do Bn khng nn ch ch trng nhng
v tr chnh m s si vi cc phng chc nng ph s lm lc i s
chm cht chn chu ca bn cho cc phng chc nng chnh gy nn s
ph v tng th th ung lm .
Mt lu vi bn na l bn nn lu cng sut n trang tr, nu loi
n bn chn c cng sut khc so vi cng sut n thit k th nn
bo li cho k s thit k in kim tra li tit din dy dn thit k
cho bn nh.
B TR CM V CC THIT B IN TRONG NH
V mt b tr v la chn n trang tr cho cn nh ca bn rt l tuyt
vi ri. Cn v cc thit b in khc th sao nh?
y chnh l cng vic ca k s thit k in, h s cung cp cho bn
cc bn v b tr mt bng thit b in gm c n chiu sng, cm,
cng tc v cc thit b in khc trong nh cho bn. H s tnh ton
cng sut ton b cc thit b in trong nh bn, v chn loi dy in
c tit din ph hp nht khng qu lng ph, cng nh khng qu thiu,
v v ra s i dy in cho ngi th thi cng.
Tuy nhin, mt iu mnh cn lu vi bn rng, Bn ng bao gi
trng ch v tin tng tuyt i rng k s thit k in s b tr y
tt c thit b in trong nh cho bn, bn nh. Bn nn ni cho h bit
bn cn g v yu cu h thit k y v ng theo nhng g bn
mun.
Mun c th, bn cn a ra danh sch cc thit b in no m bn
mun c, hoc d nh s c tng cn phng bn nh. trnh cn nh
mnh sau ny b lum thum bi nhng cm di ng m li khng an
ton trong s dng, khng cng sut, bn nn lu trong phng
mnh s c nhng thit b g bn nh.
V d nh phng khch bn cn bao nhiu cm in: no l cm tivi,
cm in thoi, cm in. (theo thit k ni tht c hoc ti
nhng v tr bn d nh s chuyn i v tr no khc khng).
Ngoi ra, bn cng nn ngh thit k xem xt k phn b tr cm, b
tr my lnh. trong nh cho ph hp phong thy v an ton cho ngi
s dng na nh
Ty theo qui m v c im kin trc ca tng nh, m chng ta nn c
nhng la chn thit b in cho ph hp. Mt cn nh p phi c b
tr hi ha gia ni tht v ngoi tht, t mu sc trong phng cho n
tng vt phm trang tr, t thit b in t n chng ta phi b tr nh
sng sao cho lm ni bt nhng im nhn kin trc trong phng.
V d thit k in cho nh bp bn cn ch cc im sau:
- V tr bp nu v cc thit b nh bp c b tr gm nhng loi no.
- nh sng trong bp phi sng.
- cm in hoc contact cho my ht khi, ht mi.
- cm in cho l vi sng, t lnh, l nng bp in t (nu c).
- cm in cho my ra chn, my nc nng dng ra chn.
- Bao nhiu cm in d phng s dng cho cc loi gia dng nh
bp khc v v tr cc cm ny s c t u?.
- cm in thoi, tivi (nu thy cn thit).
NHNG VN CN LU TRONG THI CNG IN CHO
NH
LA CHN CM
Bn nn chn s dng cm in loi 3 chu thay cho cm 2 chu.
Trc y v l do kinh t, trong thit k thng s dng cm in 2
chu. iu ny khng ph hp vi tiu chun thit k in v n hon
ton khng an ton cho ngi s dng. Chu th ba cn gi l chn cht,
c tc dng chng git in. V khi dy dn b r in th chu th ba
ny s tip nhn dng in b r v truyn thng xung t, khng gy
git in cho con ngi.
S DNG THIT B BO V PHT HIN R IN
an ton trong s dng in, bn nn s dng thit b chng r sau
mi cu dao in cho gia nh: t cu dao in nhnh n cu dao in
tng trong cc t bng in.
Sau cu dao in tng trong gia inh chng ta nn lp thm mt RCCB
hoc ELCB l loi thit b pht hin r r in v t ng ngt in khi
pht hin c dng r. Cu dao n s t ngt in khi pht hin c dng
in r ln hn dng r nh mc. Kh nng chu c in ca con
ngi l nh hn 50mA, con ngi nu tip xc vi dng r ln hn s
b git in, t lit, tn thng no v h thn kinh, h thun hon..
Ty theo i tng s dng ta c th chn cc thit b pht hin dng r
khc nhau. V d nh: cho nh xng my mc, UPS. ni chung l
cc thit b m con ngi khng s dng trc tip th c th dng
RCCB/ ELCB c dng r ti a l 100mA, ring cc thit b in c yu
cu an ton cao do con ngi trc tip s dng nh t lnh, my git,
my nc nng v bp in ta ch nn chn RCCB c dng r l
30mA.
T bng in tng phi c dy ni t tip nhn dng r. Cc ni t
phi c kim tra nh thng xuyn 6 thng 1 ln, nu h hng hoc
in tr ni t khng t an ton cho s dng l di 4 ohm, phi
thay th cc ni t mi hoc gia tng s lng cc.
CCH CHN TIT DIN DY DN IN CHO THIT B
Dy dn in cho cc thit b in thng l dy dn n 1 rut (CV
mm2) ( tit kim chiu di dy t sau thit b in tr v dy ngui
chung) hoc dy i (2xmm2).
Bng tit din dy dn ph bin:
- Dy ngun cho cc tng: dng dy c tit din 2x6mm2 hoc
2x10mm2, c th dng dy i 2x6mm2 l n (nu nh ch 2 binh nng
lanh, 2-3 my lnh). Dy cp ngun nn tch thnh cc nhnh ring bit:
dy chiu sng ring 1 nhnh, dy cm 1 nhnh, dy my lnh 1
nhnh.
- Dy cm nn i dy t 22,5mm2 n 2x4mm2: nu phng ng ch
cm qut, my sy nh, dng dy 2,5mm2. Phng khch, phng bp
thnh thong cm thm bp t, bp lu nn dng dy i 2x4mm2
- Cng tc n n, qut dng dy 21.25mm2 n 21,5mm2 (tt
nht nn dng dy 21,5mm2)
CAO LP CM
Cng tc n cho bung tm v bung v sinh nn pha ngoi bung
cnh ca ra vo. cm in c b tr theo nguyn tc: bt c mt
thit b in di ng no khi cm vo cm dy in s khng lm
vng li i li
cm c hai loi: loi 1 v tr cm (cn gi l cm in n), c loi 2
v tr cm ( cm in i). Nn chn loi bng cm c tm nha che
kn l cm, ch khi ta cm phch in vo th tm che ny mi b y ra
u phch cm vo c bo m an ton, nht l khi trong nh
c tr nh. cm c th cnh hoc khng cnh bng cng tc n,
thng th khng cnh nhau. cm thng t gn ch d kin s
cm in cho qut, tivi, n bn hoc cc thit b in khc
cao ca cm thng l 0,3m n 0,5m (tnh t mt t ti mt trn
ca mt n cm). cm cho t u ging c t thp hn ngay
cnh t. cm trong nh tm nn cao trn 1,1m v ch t c kh
nng b nc bn vo, v c khuyn co nn dng loi c mt n kn che
nc cho an ton.
cm cho in thoi v ngten tivi hoc cp truyn hnh nn b tr
cao 0,4m ch d kin s t in thoi hoc tivi.
CHNG ST AN TON CHO TA NH
Khi no bn cn lp t h thng chng st? i vi cc nh nm khu
vc tha tht dn c, hoc khu vc xung quanh khng c nh cao tng,
bn nn lp t b kim thu st nhm mc ch to s an ton cho cn
nh.
Hin nay cc thit b kim thu st rt a dng chng loi, ty theo tnh
cht quan trng ca ta nh, m ta chn loi kim thu st c cht lng
khc nhau nh: v bn knh ph bo v, cht lng cu to ca kim thu
st v dy thu st.
Hy vng l mt vi lu trn y s gip cho bn hnh dung c mt
phn no nhng vic bn hnh dung c mt phn no nhng vic bn
cn phi ch trong vic thit k v thi cng in lm p cho ngi
nh ca mnh m vn lun t c s an ton trong sut qu trnh s
dng.