ICF35%35%40%Blood Volume90-100 ml/kg85 ml/kg70 ml/kg


neonates reach adult values by 2 yrs and are about half-way by 3 months

average values ~ 70 ml/100g of lean body mass

percentage of water varies with tissue type,A.lean tissues ~ 60-80%B.bone ~ 20-
25%C.fat ~ 10-15%
D.Tonicity of Body Fluids

Tonicity refers to the concentration of particles in a solution

The normal tonicity or osmolarity of body fluids is 250-300 mOsm/L1.Isotonic

Same as plasma2.Hypotonic

have a lesser or lowers solute concentration than plasma3.Hypertonic

higher or greater concentration of solutes
Common Intravenous Solutions
SolutionNaCl-K+CaGluOsm.pHLactkJ/l
D5W
000027825350840
NaCl 0.9%
1501500003005.700
NaCl 3.0%
5135130008555.700
D4W/NaCL 0.18%
3030002222823.5 – 5-5
0672
Hartmans
1291095002746.72837.8
Plasmalyte
1409852945.52784
Haemaccel
1451455.16.2502937.300
Mannitol20%
000001086.200
Dextran 70
1541540003004-700Osmole

the weight in grams of a substance producing an osmotic pressure of 22.4 atm. when
dissolved in 1.0 litre of solution

(gram molecular weight) / (no. of freely moving particles per molecule)
Osmolality

the number of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent
Osmolarity

the number of osmoles of solute per litre of solution
Mole

that number of molecules contained in 0.012 kg of C12, or,

the molecular weight of a substance in grams =
Avogadro's number
= 6.023 x 1023
Molality

the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent
Molarity

is the number of moles of solute per litre of solution
THE
Normal
DYNAMICS OF BODY FLUIDS
The methods by which electrolytes and other solutes move across biologic membranes
are Osmosis, Diffusion, Filtration and Active Transport. Osmosis, diffusion and
filtration are passive processes, while Active transport is an active process.
1.OSMOSIS

This is the movement of water/liquid/solvent across a semi-permeable membrane from
a lesser concentration to a higher concentration

Osmotic pressure is the power of a solution to draw water across a semi-permeable
membrane

Colloid osmotic pressure (also called oncotic pressure) is the osmotic pull
exerted by plasma proteins