Ict Form 4 - CD 5

M.
Amin, SMK Raja Shahriman

COMPUTER NETWORKS
AND COMMUNICATIONS
LESSON 67
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS AND
COMMUNICATIONS
COMPUTER NETWORK
A computer network i ! "tem o# interconnecte$ computer !n$ perip%er!&
$e'ice( )or e*!mp&e+ it m!" connect computer+ printer+ c!nner !n$
c!mer!(
151
M. Amin, SMK Raja Shahriman
Uin, %!r$w!re !n$ o#tw!re+ t%ee interconnecte$ computin, $e'ice c!n
communic!te wit% e!c% ot%er t%rou,% $e#ine$ ru&e o# $!t! communic!tion(
In ! network+ computer c!n e*c%!n,e !n$ %!re in#orm!tion !n$ reource(
A computer network m!" oper!te on wire$ connection or wire&e
connection(
W%en two or more network !re &inke$ or connecte$ !n$ !re !-&e to
communic!te wit% one !not%er uin, uit!-&e %!r$w!re !n$ o#tw!re+ it i
c!&&e$ !n internetwork(
152
COMMUNICATIONS
Communic!tion i !-out t%e
tr!n#er o# in#orm!tion #rom !
en$er+ !cro ! $it!nce+ to !
recei'er(
Uin, e&ectricit"+ r!$io w!'e or
&i,%t+ in#orm!tion !n$ $!t! in t%e
#orm o# co$e !re tr!nmitte$
t%rou,% ! p%"ic!& me$ium uc% !
wire+ c!-&e+ or e'en t%e
!tmop%ere(
T%e in#orm!tion t%!t i tr!nmitte$
.ent/ c!n -e te*t+ 'oice+ oun$+
'i$eo+ ,r!p%ic !n$ im!,e+ or !
com-in!tion o# !&& t%ee+ w%ic% we
c!&& mu&time$i!(
We tr!nmit in#orm!tion or $!t! -"
uin, two t"pe o# i,n!&+ n!me&"
!n!&o, !n$ $i,it!&(
Computer communic!te wit% $i,it!& i,n!&( T%e o&$er #orm o#
communic!tion tec%no&o,"+ uc% ! te&ep%one !n$ r!$io+ ue !n!&o,
i,n!&(
153
T%ere#ore+ in or$er to m!ke
communic!tion poi-&e #rom
computer+ !cro te&ep%one
!n$ r!$io !n$ -!ck to computer
!n$ ot%er $i,it!& $e'ice !,!in+
t%ere mut -e ! i,n!& tr!n&!tor+
w%ic% we c!&& 0 ! mo$em(
T%e mo$em+ w%ic% i %ort #or
mo$u&!tor or $emo$u&!tor+
con'ert $i,it!& i,n!& into
!n!&o, !n$ -!ck !,!in into
$i,it!& i,n!& #or in#orm!tion to
mo'e !cro t%e te&ep%one &ine(
CONNECTIONS )OR NETWORKIN1
Communic!tion !mon, computin,
$e'ice in ! network c!n on&"
%!ppen t%rou,% $e#ine$ ru&e o#
communic!tion !n$ connection(
In ,ener!&+ #or communic!tion in !
network to -e poi-&e+ t%ere mut
-e2
! p%"ic!& me$ium 0 to !&&ow
$!t! to tr!'e& !cro it #rom $e'ice to $e'ice
! et o# ru&e c!&&e$ protoco&
to enure t%!t interconnecte$
computin, $e'ice %!'e t%e
!me t!n$!r$ #or e*c%!n,e
o# in#orm!tion to occur
moot%&"(
! "tem !pp&ic!tion #or
m!n!,in, network in#orm!tion
#&ow to enure t%!t $!t!
tr!nmiion ent #rom one $e'ice i recei'e$ -" t%e inten$e$
recei'er(
I# !n" o# t%ee &e'e& o# connecti'it"
i miin,+ communic!tion #or
networkin, wi&& not -e poi-&e(
)or e*!mp&e+ i# t%e p%"ic!& me$ium
i cut o##+ t%ere wi&& -e no
communic!tion(
154
I# protoco& -etween interconnecte$
$e'ice !re not t%e !me+ $!t!
tr!nmiion wi&& not -e 3un$ertoo$4
-etween $e'ice(
I# t%ere i no network m!n!,ement
!pp&ic!tion !'!i&!-&e+ t%ere wi&& -e
no me!n o# enurin, t%!t
in#orm!tion #rom one $e'ice wi&& -e
ent to t%e correct recei'in, $e'ice(
Protoco&
O#ten imp&" re#erre$ to ! ! protoco&+ ! communic!tion protoco& i ! et o#
ru&e or t!n$!r$ $ei,ne$ o t%!t computer c!n e*c%!n,e in#orm!tion
wit% ! minim!& error(
LESSON 65
COMPONENTS O) COMMUNICATIONS
INTRODUCTION
In or$er #or ! network to proper&" oper!te+ two c!te,orie o# network
communic!tion component !re nee$e$6 37!r$w!re4 !n$ 3So#tw!re4(
Computer+ %u-+ witc%+ router+
network inter#!ce c!r$ !n$ -ot%
wire$ !n$ wire&e communic!tion
me$i! #!&& un$er t%e 37!r$w!re4
c!te,or"(
155
Oper!tin, "tem !n$ !pp&ic!tion #!&&
un$er t%e 3So#tw!re4 c!te,or"(
NETWORK COMMUNICATION C7ANNELS
Si,n!& w%ic% c!rr" in#orm!tion
in ! communic!tion "tem
tr!'e& t%rou,% ! p%"ic!&
me$ium(
T%i p%"ic!& me$ium i c!&&e$
! communic!tion c%!nne&+ or !t
ot%er time ! communic!tion
&ink+ ! communic!tion &ine+ or
! communic!tion me$ium(
Some common t"pe o# network
communic!tion c%!nne& !re
t%e2
twite$8p!ir wire
co!*i!& c!-&e
#i-er8optic c!-&e
!te&ite "tem
wire&e "tem .n!me&" uin, r!$iow!'e+ microw!'e !n$
in#r!re$/
Communic!tion c%!nne& pro'i$e t%e mot -!ic &e'e&
o# connecti'it" me$ium #or ! network(
156
NETWORK INTER)ACE CARDS AND NETWORKIN1
DE9ICES
T%e Network Inter#!ce C!r$ or NIC i one o# t%e mot
import!nt communic!tion $e'ice #or ! PC(
T%e NIC pro'i$e connection
-etween t%e computer !n$ t%e
network4 communic!tion me$i!(
T%i connection i nece!r" -ec!ue
t%e NIC #unction ! ! $!t! con'erion
$e'ice to mo'e $!t! #rom t%e PC4
"tem to t%e network me$ium !n$
'ice 'er!(
T%e Network Inter#!ce C!r$ !&o
upp&ie t%e -!ic !$$rein, "tem
ue$ to ,et $!t! #rom PC to PC !cro !
network(
T%e ot%er %!r$w!re component t%!t i
re:uire$ #or communic!tion to work
on ! network i t%e networkin, $e'ice+
uc% ! t%e %u-+ witc%+ router !n$
e'en t%e mo$em(
T%e #unction o# t%ee $e'ice i
,ener!&&" to contro& t%e #&ow o# $!t! on
! network(
157
NETWORK SO)TWARE
7ow $o computer communic!te on ! network;
Once we %!'e ,ot t%e nece!r" %!r$w!re et up #or ! network+ we wi&&
nee$ to %!'e uit!-&e o#tw!re on t%e network computer t%!t wou&$ -e
!-&e to pro'i$e ome -!ic #unction+ uc% ! connectin, to
ot%er computer on t%e network+ %!rin, reource !n$
#i&e !n$ pro'i$in, #or network ecurit" #or uer w%o !re
on&ine(
In ,ener!&+ ! network o#tw!re mut -e !-&e to %!n$&e networkin, protoco&
!n$ connection wit%in t%e network !n$ wit% ot%er network( Mot
import!nt&"+ it %ou&$ !&o pro'i$e #i&e "tem #unction to or,!nie $ik
p!ce on t%e network computer #or %!rin, purpoe(
Since mot computer network !re connecte$ to t%e Internet+ ! network
o#tw!re mut %!'e ome #orm o# m!n!,ement !n$ ecurit" er'ice to
protect t%e network ! we&& ! computer on t%e network+ #rom
un!ut%orie$ !cce(
158
LESSON 6<
IMPORTANCE O) NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATIONS
Networkin, !n$ communic!tion tec%no&o," i #!t c%!n,in, t%e w!" peop&e
'iew ociet" !n$ %ow we p&!n our $!i&" oci!& !cti'itie(
T%rou,% networkin, tec%no&o," !&one+ m!n" to$!" !re
#in$in, #rien$ on&ine+ 'iitin, ! &i-r!r" in !not%er
countr"( Some peop&e !re !-&e to ,o to t%e -!nk
!#ter t%e" !re c&oe$+ ! we&& ! ,ettin, t%e &!tet
$e'e&opment in new #rom wit%in !n$ outi$e t%e
countr"(
Mo-i&e communic!tion to$!" i !&o -!e$ on t%e
networkin, tec%no&o,"( Sur#in, t%e internet i not on&"
&imite$ to t%e $ektop computer uer -ut !&o t%oe
w%o %!'e mo-i&e p%one wit% wire&e tec%no&o,"( At
preent t%ere !re more t%!n 7 mi&&ion uc% uer
!cro t%e wor&$(
T%e internet %! %e&pe$ cience !n$ me$ic!& ree!rc%
pro,re #urt%er ! $octor !n$ ree!rc%er #rom
!n"w%ere in t%e wor&$ c!n contri-ute !n$ cooper!te in
!n" pro-&em -rou,%t to t%eir !ttention( Tec%no&o,ic!&
o&ution c!n -e $ico'ere$ :uick&" ! in$i'i$u!&
come #orw!r$ to o##er t%eir %e&p t%rou,% t%e internet(
7omem!ker+ tu$ent+ te!c%er+ -uine peop&e+
!n$ !&mot !n"one wit% !cce to networke$
computer ,o on&ine !n$ continue t%eir p!t% o# &i#e&on,
e$uc!tion !n"w%ere+ !n"time(
Or,!ni!tion !n$ in$i'i$u!& c!n m!ke connection
!n$ et!-&i% communic!tion wit%in econ$ wit%
peop&e ne!r-" or o'ere!( On&ine communitie c!n -e
#orme$ !n$ import!nt iue !n$ opinion to $i##icu&t
pro-&em c!n -e $icue$ wit%out ! t%re!tenin,
en'ironment(
A&& t%ee !re now poi-&e -ec!ue o# network !n$ communic!tion
tec%no&o,"(
159
IMPORTANCE O) NETWORKS AND
COMMUNICATIONS
In#orm!tion i now m!$e e!" wit% t%e !'!i&!-i&it" o# network
communic!tion(
In ! c&inic #or e*!mp&e+ network communic!tion
p&!" !n import!nt p!rt in keepin, p!tient4
$!t!-!e #or e!" retrie'!&( Un&ike in con'ention!&
pr!ctice+ $octor !n$ nure %!'e to &ook #or !
p!tient4 peron!& #i&e #rom %un$re$ or m!"-e
t%ou!n$ o# recor$( Wit% network
communic!tion+ t%e c&inic !'e time !n$
m!npower !&&oc!tion c!n -e e##ecti'e&" p&!nne$(
E8=uine
E8-uine or e&ectronic -uine re#er to
con$uctin, -uine tr!n!ction on t%e
internet+ not on&" &imite$ to -u"in, !n$ e&&in,
-ut !&o er'icin, cutomer !n$ co&&!-or!tin,
wit% -uine p!rtner(
E8-uine upport m!n" t"pe o# -uine
tr!n!ction+ inc&u$in, on&ine %oppin,+ e&&in,
!n$ rentin,( Uer c!n -rowe t%e we-ite !n$
c%ooe #rom t%e &it o# item or er'ice to
-u"( P!"ment i uu!&&" 'i! cre$it c!r$(
160
On&ine E$uc!tion
Wit% ! network connection+ on&ine
e$uc!tion i m!$e poi-&e(
Stu$ent !t !n" &oc!tion !roun$ t%e
wor&$ c!n p!rticip!te in !n on&ine
c&!room+ $own&o!$ tutori!&
:uetion !n$ u-mit t%eir
!i,nment(
E8=!nkin,
E8-!nkin, or e&ectronic -!nkin, i t%e mot
popu&!r -!nkin, #!ci&it" now!$!"( It %!n$&e
!&& t"pe o# -!nkin, tr!n!ction &ike !ccount
m!n!,ement+ #un$ tr!n#er !n$ p!"ment
prim!ri&" o'er t%e internet(
Uer c!n p!" -i&&+ c%eck t%e !ccount -!&!nce
!n$ tr!n#er mone" to ot%er p!rtie+ uin, e8
-!nkin, #!ci&itie twent" #our %our ! $!" !n$
e'en $!" ! week(
Wit% e8-!nkin,+ mot o# t%e tr!n!ction c!n
-e $one !t %ome or #rom t%e o##ice+ t%u uer
!'e time on tr!'e&in, !n$ :ueuin, !t t%e -!nk
counter(
Lon, Dit!nce Communic!tion
Lon, $it!nce communic!tion i m!$e e!" 'i!
network !'!i&!-i&it"( Communic!tion i poi-&e
'i! 'oice+ te*t or 'i$eo( T%e cot o# %!'in, t%i
t"pe o# communic!tion i c%e!per t%!n m!kin,
! norm!& p%one c!&& !n$ $e#inite&" #!ter !n$
more e##ecti'e t%!n correpon$in, 'i! &etter o#
#!*(
In -uine+ import!nt $eciion c!n e##ecti'e&"
m!$e t%rou,% 'i$eo con#erence meetin,(
161
LESSON 7>
T?PES O) NETWORKS
T?PES O) NETWORKS
T%ree t"pe o# network2
Loc!& Are! Network or LAN
Metropo&it!n Are! Network or MAN
Wi$e Are! Network or WAN
7ere2
LAN 8 t%e em!i& "tem wit%in t%e c%oo& &!- in SMK KL
MAN 8 t%e em!i& "tem wit%in KL cit"
WAN 8 t%e em!i& "tem -etween KL !n$ Lon$on
A LAN co'er ! m!&& re,ion o# p!ce+ t"pic!&&" ! in,&e -ui&$in,(
A MAN i ! co&&ection o# LAN wit% t%e !me ,eo,r!p%ic!& !re!+ #or int!nce
! cit"(
A WAN c!n -e ! co&&ection o# LAN or MAN or t%e mi* o# two wit% ! 'er"
&!r,e ,eo,r!p%ic!& !re!+ #or int!nce ! countr" or e'en -e"on$ t%e -or$er(
LESSON 7@
162
LOCAL AREA NETWORK .LAN/
Loc!& Are! Network .LAN/ i t%e m!&&et network
comp!re$ to t%e ot%er two network(
T%e imp&et #orm o# LAN i to connect two computer
to,et%er(
LAN i oper!te$ wit%in ! &imite$ p%"ic!& !re!+ uc% !
!t %ome+ c%oo&+ ! in,&e -ui&$in, or
e'er!& -ui&$in,(
A network w%ic% conit o# &e
t%!n A>> interconnecte$ $e'ice
!cro e'er!& -ui&$in,+ i ti&&
reco,nie$ ! ! LAN(
Ine*peni'e %!r$w!re ue$ in LAN pre'iou&" inc&u$e
twite$ p!ir+ co!*i!& c!-&e !n$ t%e %i,%er en$ i #i-er
optic or wire&e(
7owe'er+ co!*i!& c!-&e !re now -ein, rep&!ce$ -" !
%i,%er pee$ c!-&in, "tem
uc% ! CATA uin, RBCA connector(
LAN i ! 'er" %i,% pee$ network .#rom pre'iou&"
@>M-p/ to @>>M-p+ w%ic% i #!ter t%!n MAN !n$ WAN(
Loc!& Are!
Network i ! ,roup o# computer
!n$ network $e'ice connecte$
to,et%er+ uu!&&" wit%in t%e !me
-ui&$in,(
LESSON 7D
163
METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK .MAN/
)irt+ "ou %!'e to un$ert!n$ t%e wor$
metropo&it!n( Metropo&it!n $ecri-e
import!nt citie uc% ! Ku!&! Lumpur+ M!ni&!+
Sin,!pore+ Tok"o+ Lon$on !n$ New ?ork(
MAN i ! network o# computer &oc!te$ !t
$i##erent ite wit%in ! &!r,e p%"ic!& !re!+ uc%
! ! cit"( Comp!nie t%!t %!'e e'er!& -r!nc%e
wit%in t%e Ku!&! Lumpur cit" uc% ! -!nk+
mi,%t #in$ ! MAN ue#u& to t%em(
In t%i c!e+ ettin, up ! MAN !cro &on,
$it!nce c!n -e -et connecte$ uin, #i-er
optic( Sometime+ ! MAN c!n -e ! co&&ection o#
e'er!& LAN wit%in t%e !me cit"(
MAN o#ten !ct ! ! %i,% pee$ network
.!&t%ou,% not ! #!t ! ! LAN/ to !&&ow
%!rin, o# re,ion!& reource(
MAN c!n -e
$e#ine$ ! ! ,roup
o# computer !n$
network $e'ice
connecte$
to,et%er wit%in !
&!r,e p%"ic!&
!re!(
LESSON 7E
WIDE AREA NETWORK .WAN/
Wi$e Are! Network .WAN/ i t%e &!r,et network
o# !&& network t"pe( T%e Internet i t%e &!r,et
WAN in t%e wor&$( WAN ,ener!&&" co'er &!r,e
$it!nce uc% ! t!te+ countrie or
continent(
164
An e*!mp&e in t%e ociet" uin, WAN i t%e
-!nkin, or,!ni!tion( Loc!& -!nk %!'e !&w!"
m!int!ine$ t%eir -uine on&ine -" connectin,
!&& computer o# t%eir -r!nc%e in t%e countrie(
Intern!tion!& -!nk !&o ue WAN to connect
t%eir computer !&& o'er t%e wor&$(
Actu!&&"+ WAN i ! ,roup o# MAN or LAN or t%e
mi*ture o# -ot% network(
A $e'ice c!&&e$ ! router i
nee$e$ to connect t%e MAN
!n$ LAN !&& o'er ! &!r,e
p%"ic!& !re!( A router i !
peci!& networkin, $e'ice
t%!t connect two or more
$i##erent network !n$ keep
$!t! #&owin, -etween t%em(
A router m!ke !&& t%e $i##erent network communic!te+
uc% ! connectin, LAN to LAN+ LAN to WAN or WAN to
WAN(
T%e tr!nmiion me$i! in WAN ue t%e #i-re optic
c!-&e(WAN i ti&& coni$ere$ ! #!t network wit% pee$
D> 0 D>>> K-p+ -ut &ower t%!n LAN !n$ MAN(
LESSON 7C
DI))ERENCES =ETWEEN T?PES O) NETWORK
SETTIN1 UP COST
Settin, up ! MAN network i more e*peni'e t%!n ! LAN
-ut &e t%!n ! WAN( M!n!,er %!'e to coni$er t%e cot
o# -u"in, t%e nece!r" %!r$w!re+ o#tw!re+ me$ium !n$
m!inten!nce er'ice #or t%e $eire$ network(
165
NETWORK SIFE
T%e network iGe o# ! MAN #!&& -etween LAN
!n$ WAN( A "ou know+ ! LAN uu!&&" co'er
on&" ! &imite$ !re! uc% ! ! c%oo& &!-6 ! MAN
wi&& co'er ! ,re!ter !re! uc% ! ! cit" w%i&e !
WAN wi&& co'er t%e &!r,et ,eo,r!p%ic!& !re!
uc% ! t%e iGe o# M!&!"i!(
SPEED
LAN o##er t%e -et pee$ in tr!nmittin, in#orm!tion
#o&&owe$ -" MAN !n$ WAN( In !$$ition+ LAN !re
c!p!-&e o# tr!nmittin, $!t! !t 'er" #!t r!te+ muc%
#!ter t%!n $!t! w%ic% i tr!nmitte$ o'er !
te&ep%one &ine !&t%ou,% t%e $it!nce !re &imite$(
LAN i !&o #re:uent&" ue$ to pro'i$e ! %!re$
connection to ot%er network uin, ! &ink to ! WAN(
A MAN o#ten !ct ! ! %i,% pee$ network to !&&ow
%!rin, o# re,ion!& reource .imi&!r to ! &!r,e LAN/( )or &!r,er network
co'er!,e+ MAN i ! -etter c%oice #or ! %i,%er pee$ connection comp!re$ to
! WAN(
TRANSMISSION MEDIA
A LAN ue t%e c%e!pet tr!nmiion me$i!
comp!re$ to MAN !n$ WAN( 1ener!&&" LAN on&" ue
communic!tion me$i! uc% ! twite$8p!ir c!-&e(
A MAN mi,%t %!'e more t%!n one tr!nmiion me$i! ince it in'o&'e !
com-in!tion o# two or more LAN !n$ t%e me$i! ue$ $epen$ on t%e
network co'er!,e( 7ere+ ! MAN mi,%t ue t%e twite$8p!ir !n$ #i-re8optic
c!-&e(
166
A WAN mi,%t ue cot&"
tr!nmiion me$i! uc% !
#i-re8optic+ r!$io w!'e !n$
!te&&ite+ $epen$in, on t%eir
co'er!,e(
CONNECTION LIMIT
T%e num-er o# computer t%!t c!n -e !tt!c%e$ to ! in,&e LAN i &imite$(
A MAN c!n %!'e ! &!r,e num-er o# computer comp!re$ to ! LAN -ut &e
t%!n ! WAN(
A WAN c!n %!'e up to -i&&ion o# computer !tt!c%e$ to it(
COMPARISON O) LAN+ MAN AND WAN
167
LESSON 7A
NETWORK ARC7ITECTURE
T?PES O) NETWORK ARC7ITECTURE
Network !rc%itecture i t%e
o'er!&& $ei,n o# ! computer
network t%!t $ecri-e %ow !
computer network i con#i,ure$
!n$ w%!t tr!te,ie !re -ein,
ue$(
Network !rc%itecture m!in&"
#ocue on t%e #unction o# t%e
network( Network !rc%itecture
i !&o known ! network mo$e&
or network $ei,n(
T%ere !re two m!in network !rc%itecture2
c&ientHer'er network
peer8to8peer network
CLIENTHSER9ER NETWORK
A c&ientHer'er network i ! network
in w%ic% t%e %!re$ #i&e !n$
!pp&ic!tion !re tore$ in t%e er'er
-ut network uer .c&ient/ c!n ti&&
tore #i&e on t%eir in$i'i$u!& PC(
A er'er i ! computer t%!t %!re
in#orm!tion !n$ reource wit% ot%er
computer on ! network( A c&ient i
! computer w%ic% re:uet er'ice
or #i&e #rom ! er'er computer(
168
PEER8TO8PEER NETWORK
Peer8to8peer or PDP network i !
network wit% !&& t%e no$e !ctin, !
-ot% er'er !n$ c&ient( A PC c!n
!cce #i&e &oc!te$ on !not%er PC !n$
c!n !&o pro'i$e #i&e to ot%er PC(
A&& computer in t%e peer8to8peer
network %! e:u!& reponi-i&itie !n$
c!p!-i&itie to ue t%e reource
!'!i&!-&e on t%e network(
Wit% peer8to8peer network+ no er'er
i nee$e$6 e!c% computer in t%e
network i c!&&e$ ! peer(
LESSON 76
CLIENT H SER9ER
CLIENT H SER9ER NETWORK
On ! c&ientHer'er network+ %!re$ #i&e !n$
!pp&ic!tion !re tore$ in t%e er'er -ut network uer
c!n ti&& tore #i&e on t%eir in$i'i$u!& PC(
A m!&&er c&ientHer'er network ue twite$8p!ir or
co!*i!& c!-&e #or networkin, -ut ! &!r,er !n$
power#u& network wi&& ue #i-re optic( A c&ientHer'er
network i uit!-&e #or connectin, @> or more
computer(
To et up ! c&ientHer'er network+ "ou nee$ to int!&&
! er'er pro,r!m #or t%e er'er !n$ ! c&ient pro,r!m
#or t%e c&ient( A network !$minitr!tor nee$ to
con#i,ure !cce ri,%t on t%e er'er i$e to !&&ow
!cce #or t%e c&ient to ue t%e reource(
An em!i& pro,r!m i !n e*!mp&e
o# ! c&ient pro,r!m+ ! it en$
em!i& re:uet to ! m!i& er'er(
IRC .Internet Re&!" C%!t/+
Internet -rower !n$ em!i&
pro,r!m !re e*!mp&e o#
o#tw!re !pp&ic!tion #or !
c&ientHer'er network(
169
SER9ER
A er'er i ometime c!&&e$ !
%ot computer( A er'er i !
computer t%!t pro'i$e
er'ice to ot%er computer
c!&&e$ c&ient( A er'er contro&
!cce to t%e %!r$w!re+
o#tw!re !n$ ot%er reource
on t%e network(
It pro'i$e ! centr!&ie$
tor!,e !re! #or pro,r!m+
$!t! !n$ in#orm!tion(
DEDICATED SER9ER
De$ic!te$ er'er per#orm peci#ic t!k !n$ uu!&&" e*ecute on&" one Io-(
)or e*!mp&e+ ! #i&e er'er tore !n$
m!n!,e #i&e+ ! print er'er m!n!,e
printer !n$ print Io-( A $!t!-!e er'er
tore !n$ pro'i$e !cce to ! $!t!-!e(
A network er'er m!n!,e network tr!##ic(
A $e$ic!te$ er'er %e&p !'e
time !n$ tor!,e p!ce in one
computer( It wi&& not put t%e
w%o&e network !t rik i# it #!i&(
CLIENT
170
T%e c&ient computer !re computer on t%e
network t%!t re&" on t%e er'er #or it
reource !n$ er'ice(
C&ient computer en$ re:uet to ! er'er
#or reource or er'ice to per#orm t%eir
Io-( )or e*!mp&e+ ! c&ient computer c!n
en$ ! re:uet !kin, permiion to ue t%e
printer !tt!c%e$ to t%e er'er+ to print !
$ocument(
Uu!&&" ! c&ient computer %! to &o, onto
t%e network uin, ! uer n!me !n$
p!wor$ to ue t%e er'er4 reource !n$
er'ice(
)or e*!mp&e+ "ou %!'e to -e ! TMnet or
B!rin, mem-er to ue t%e internet er'ice(
?ou nee$ to &o,on to TMnet or B!rin,4
er'er -" en$in, "our uern!me !n$
p!wor$(
A#ter "our
ucce#u&
&o,in proce+
t%en "ou c!n
!cce t%e
internet
t%rou,% TMnet
or B!rin,4
er'er(
LESSON 77
PEER8TO8PEER
PEER8TO8PEER )UNCTIONS
Peer8to8peer .PDP/ network i !
network wit% !&& t%e no$e
!ctin, ! -ot% er'er !n$
c&ient( A PC c!n !cce #i&e
&oc!te$ on !not%er PC !n$ c!n
!&o pro'i$e #i&e to ot%er PC(
171
A PDP network uu!&&" ue
twite$8p!ir or co!*i!& c!-&e
-ec!ue t%ee c!-&e !re
c%e!per !n$ e!ier to work
wit%(
PDP network i t%e -et c%oice
to et up ! network wit% &e
t%!n @> computer(
PDP network i e!ier to m!n!,e !
&on, ! t%ere !re network c!r$
int!&&e$ on t%e PC !n$ connection
c!n -e $one wit% ! network c!-&e(
To %!re t%e reource+ e!c% PC
mut %!'e t%e nece!r" pro,r!m(
T%ere i no centr!& er'er or centr!&
router m!n!,in, ! PDP network(
Wire&e networkin, c!n -e !n
e*!mp&e o# ! PDP network !
"ou on&" nee$ ! wire&e c!r$+
connect it to !n e*itin, wire&e
network !n$ reource c!n -e
%!re$
Limewire+ =e!r%!re !n$ K!G!! !re
!&& e*!mp&e o# o#tw!re !pp&ic!tion
#or peer8to8peer .PDP/ #i&e %!rin,(
172
T7E DI))ERENCES =ETWEEN CLIENTHSER9ER AND
PEER8TO8PEER
LESSON 75
NETWORK TOPOLO1?
Now+ im!,ine rep&!cin, t%e $inner t!-&e ! "our
network+ !n$ t%e c%!ir !re "our computer( 7ow
wou&$ "ou &ike "our network to -e; 7ow wou&$
"ou !rr!n,e t%e computer;
In networkin, term+ t%e tructure "ou !re
p&!nnin, to connect t%e computer to+ i c!&&e$
network topo&o,"(
Network topo&o," i !&o
re#erre$ to ! t%e con#i,ur!tion
o# ! network(
It uu!&&" re#er to t%e p%"ic!&
!rr!n,ement o# t%e computer
!n$ ot%er networkin, $e'ice
t%!t !re &inke$ to,et%er(
173
It $e#ine %ow no$e !re connecte$ to one
!not%er in ! communic!tion network( A network
topo&o," mut %ow t%e no$e !n$ t%e &ink
-etween t%em( T%e no$e mut -e !n !cti'e
$e'ice connecte$ to t%e network+ uc% ! !
computer+ printer+ %u- or ! router(
To ee ! network topo&o," c&e!r&"+ !&w!" !pp&" it on ! Loc!& Are! Network
.LAN/( Accor$in, to t%e nee$+ t%ere !re t%ree m!in t"pe o# network
topo&o,"( T%e" !re -u topo&o,"+ t!r topo&o," !n$ rin, topo&o,"(
=u Topo&o,"
St!r Topo&o,"
Rin, Topo&o,"
174
LESSON 7<
=US TOPOLO1?
In communic!tion tec%no&o,"+ "ou t%ink o# !
-u ! ! common J%i,%w!"K on w%ic% $!t! i
tr!nmitte$(
A -u re#er to t%e m!in p%"ic!& p!t%w!" or
centr!& c!-&e w%ere !&& ot%er $e'ice !re
connecte$ to it( Like ! m!Ior motor %i,%w!"+
!&& tr!##ic #&ow wi&& -e !##ecte$ i# t%i m!in
Jro!$K i -roken(
A -u topo&o," conit o# ! in,&e centr!& c!-&e to w%ic% !&& computer !n$
ot%er $e'ice connect( A -u topo&o," i !&o known ! ! -u network(
DESCRIPTION O) =US TOPOLO1?
=u network !re 'er" common in Loc!&
Are! Network .LAN/( A -u network
mut %!'e ! common -!ck-one .t%e
centr!& c!-&e/ to connect !&& $e'ice(
A&& no$e %!re t%e -!ck-one to
communic!te wit% e!c% ot%er on t%e
network( Sometime+ ! -u network
%! more t%!n one er'er( Sometime+
! er'er i not nee$e$ on t%e network(
175
DEPENDENCE O) A =US TOPOLO1?
I# one o# t%e no$e #!i&+ t%e -u network wou&$ ti&& #unction ! &on, ! t%e
-!ck-one i workin,( I# t%e -!ck-one #!i&+ t%e network wi&& #!i& to #unction(
AD9ANTA1ES O) =US TOPOLO1?
E!" imp&ement!tion( New $e'ice c!n -e !$$e$ to t%e -!ck-one or to
t%e e*itin, no$e(
)!i&ure o# ! no$e $oenLt !##ect t%e entire LAN(
No $iruption to t%e network w%en connectin, or remo'in, $e'ice(
Network c!n e!i&" -e e*ten$e$+ -" !$$in, new $e'ice to t%e
-!ck-one or e*itin, no$e(
176
DISAD9ANTA1ES O) =US TOPOLO1?
I# t%e -!ck-one #!i&+ t%e entire -u network wi&& -e !##ecte$(
Network pee$ $ecre!e w%en t%e num-er o# no$e incre!e(
Trou-&e%ootin, i $i##icu&t w%en one o# t%e no$e #!i&(
LESSON 5>
RIN1 TOPOLO1?
A rin, topo&o," conit o# !&& computer !n$
ot%er $e'ice t%!t !re connecte$ in ! &oop(
Rin, topo&o," i !&o known ! ! rin, network(
A rin, network c!n -e #oun$ in Loc!& Are!
Network( In ! rin, network e!c% no$e
$irect&" connect to two nei,%-ourin, no$e(
A er'er m!" e*it in ! rin, network+ -ut it wi&&
not connect to !&& t%e no$e in t%e network(
T%e er'er+ &ike ot%er no$e+
wi&& on&" communic!te to it two
nei,%-ourin, no$e(
DEPENDENCE O) A RIN1 TOPOLO1?
I# one o# t%e no$e #!i&+ t%e network wi&& #!i& to
#unction(
AD9ANTA1ES O) A RIN1 TOPOLO1?
Trou-&e%ootin, i e!" w%en one o# t%e no$e #!i&(
Rep!ir or remo'e t%e #!i&in, no$e !n$ t%e network
wi&& continue to #unction(
177
DISAD9ANTA1ES O) A RIN1 TOPOLO1?
Imp&ement!tion i $i##icu&t( Network !$minitr!tor %! to termin!te t%e
entire network to int!&& ! new no$e -etween e*itin, no$e(
A #!i&in, no$e wi&& !##ect t%e entire LAN(
Connectin, or remo'in, $e'ice i $i##icu&t -ec!ue network
!$minitr!tor nee$ to termin!te t%e network in or$er to $o it(
Network pee$ $ecre!e w%en t%e num-er o# no$e incre!e(
LESSON 5@
STAR TOPOLO1?
In t%e e!r&" $!" o# computer
networkin,+ !&& computer were
connecte$ to ! centr!&ie$ m!in#r!me
computer(
A&& reource !n$ m!n!,ement o#
in#orm!tion were centre$ in t%i m!in
computer(
T%e i$e! o# ! centr!&ie$ m!in#r!me
computer i w%ere t%e -!ic concept o#
! t!r topo&o," come #rom(
A t!r topo&o," conit o# ! centr!& %ot w%ic% !ct ! t%e centre+ !n$ !&&
no$e connect to t%e %ot( A t!r topo&o," i !&o known ! t!r network(
178
DESCRIPTION O) STAR TOPOLO1?
A t!r network i #oun$ in ! Loc!& Are! Network ettin,(
A t!r network mut %!'e ! %ot w%ic% !ct ! t%e centre(
T%e %ot c!n -e ! er'er+ %u- or router(
In ! t!r network+ e'er" no$e wi&& not connect to t%e nei,%-ourin,
no$e(
E'er" no$e mut connect to t%e %ot in or$er to communic!te(
T%e %ot wi&& contro& t%e #&ow o# communic!tion in t%e network(
DEPENDENCE O) A STAR TOPOLO1?
I# one o# t%e no$e #!i&+ t%e t!r network c!n ti&&
#unction ! &on, ! t%e %ot i workin,(
I# t%e %ot #!i&+ t%e network wi&& #!i& to #unction(
179
AD9ANTA1ES AND DISAD9ANTA1ES O) STAR
TOPOLO1?
A$'!nt!,e
It i e!" to imp&ement( ?ou on&" !$$ no$e to
t%e %ot(
T%e #!i&ure o# ! no$e $oe not !##ect t%e entire
LAN(
T%ere !re no $iruption to t%e network w%en
connectin, or remo'in, $e'ice(
T%e network c!n -e e*ten$e$ -" !$$in, new
$e'ice to t%e %ot or no$e(
Trou-&e%ootin, i e!" w%en t%e %ot #!i&( Simp&" rep!ir or rep&!ce
t%e %ot !n$ t%e network wi&& continue to #unction(
Di!$'!nt!,e
I# t%e %ot #!i&+ t%e entire LAN wi&& -e
!##ecte$(
Network pee$ $ecre!e w%en t%e num-er
o# no$e incre!e(
Trou-&e%ootin, i $i##icu&t w%en one o# t%e
no$e #!i&(
A %ot mut -e int!&&e$ to contro& t%e
network(
LESSON 5D
DI))ERENCES O) NETWORK TOPOLO1IES
UNDERSTANDIN1 DI))ERENT TOPOLO1IES
Un$ert!n$in, $i##erence in network topo&o,ie %e&p u to ee w%!t e!c%
topo&o," i !-&e to $o(
180
E!c% topo&o," %! !n in#&uence on2
t%e t"pe o# e:uipment we wi&& ue
t%e potenti!& o# t%e network in !ccommo$!tin, more computer
t%e w!" we m!n!,e our network
t%e c!p!-i&itie o# t%e %!r$w!re to m!n!,e t%e #&ow o# in#orm!tion
T7E STRUCTURE NETWORK TOPOLO1?
T%e #o&&owin, t!-&e comp!re t%e tructure o# t%e t%ree m!in t"pe o# t%e
network topo&o,ie2
Structure
=u
Topo&o,"
t%ere i ! in,&e
Rin,
Topo&o,"
!&& computer !n$
St!r
Topo&o,"
t%ere i ! centr!&
centr!& c!-&e ot%er $e'ice !re %ot !n$ !&&
.-!ck-one/ !n$ !&&
computer !n$ ot%er
$e'ice connect to it
7ot e*itence $epen$ on network
nee$
connecte$ in !
circ&e
$epen$ on
network nee$
no$e
connect to it
"e
Connection
-etween no$e
It %! no connection
-etween t%e no$e(
"e no
7ot #!i&ure
No$e #!i&ure
network c!n ti&& run network wi&& #!i& network wi&& #!i&
network c!n ti&& run network wi&& #!i& network c!n ti&&
run
E!e o# $i##icu&t( Nee$ to $epen$ on $epen$ on t%e
trou-&e%ootin, e!rc% #or t%e
pro-&em!tic no$e one
-" one
-!ck-one( I#
t%ere i !
-!ck-one+
trou-&e%ootin, i
$i##icu&t(
I# t%ere i no
-!ck-one+ t%e
#ocu i on t%e
two no$e not
communic!tin,
%ot( It i e!ier
to rep!ir t%e
pro-&em!tic %ot(
7owe'er+ i# t%e
no$e #!i&+ t%en
e!c% no$e %! to
-e e!rc%e$
E!e o# !$$in,
or remo'in,
no$e
Num-er o#
no$e w%en
e*ten$in,
network
e!"
m!n"
$i##icu&t
&imite$
181
!'er!,e
&imite$
LESSON 5E
INTRODUCTION TO NETWORK STANDARDS
Network !rc%itecture !re $e#ine$ -" e*!ct !n$
$et!i&e$ peci#ic!tion re,!r$in, t%e p%"ic!& &!"out+
c!-&in, !n$ met%o$ ue$ to !cce !n$ m!int!in
communic!tion in !n$ -etween network me$i!(
T%e Intitute o# E&ectric!& !n$
E&ectronic En,ineer .IEEE/+ i one
intern!tion!& or,!ni!tion reponi-&e #or $e'e&opin, !n$
pro'i$in, networkin, tec%no&o," peci#ic!tion #or
wor&$wi$e u!,e(
We c!&& t%ee networkin, tec%no&o," peci#ic!tion !
network t!n$!r$(
COMMON NETWORK STANDARDS
Network communic!tion ue ! '!riet" o# t!n$!r$
to enure t%!t $!t! tr!'e& correct&" to it
$etin!tion(
Network t!n$!r$ $e#ine ,ui$e&ine t%!t peci#" t%e
w!" computer !cce t%e me$ium
to w%ic% t%e" !re !tt!c%e$(
T%e ,ui$e&ine !&o $ecri-e t%e t"pe o# me$ium ue$+ t%e pee$ ue$ on
$i##erent t"pe o# network !n$ t%e t"pe o# p%"ic!& c!-&e or wire&e
tec%no&o," ue$(
T%e we&&8known t!n$!r$ !$opte$ -" t%e Intitute o#
E&ectric!& !n$ E&ectronic En,ineer .IEEE/ !re t%e 5>D
t!n$!r$(T%ee !re t%e t!n$!r$ t%!t $e#ine t%e
re:uirement #or p%"ic!& c!-&in, !n$ peci#" t%e w!" $!t! i
tr!nmitte$(
T%e one we wi&& ,et to know %ere !re2
5>D(E
5>D(7
5>D(5
5>D(@@
182
5>D(E ET7ERNET LAN
T%e 5>D(E t!n$!r$ i t%e t!n$!r$ #or !n Et%ernet
LAN( In 5>D(E+ Et%ernet re#er to t%e p%"ic!&
c!-&in,+ w%i&e t%e w!" $!t! i tr!nmitte$ t%rou,%
t%e c!-&e i c!&&e$ C!rrier Sene Mu&tip&e AcceH
Co&&iion Detection .CSMAH CD/(
T%i met%o$ o# tr!nmiion re:uire t%!t on&" one
$e'ice on t%e network c!n -e tr!nmitte$ !t ! time( I# !not%er $e'ice c!n
ene t%!t ! tr!nmiion i !&re!$" in t%e c!-&e+ it wi&& %!'e to w!it( A&& t%e
ot%er $e'ice on t%e network wi&& !&o ene !n$ w!it unti& t%e &ine i c&e!r
-e#ore one o# t%em c!n tr!nmit $!t! !&on, t%e c!-&e(
5>D(7 =ROAD=AND LAN
5>D(7 i t%e t!n$!r$ peci#ic!tion #or ! =ro!$-!n$ LAN( T%i 5>D(7
t!n$!r$ pro'i$e peci#ic!tion #or t%e $ei,n+ int!&&!tion !n$ tetin,
nee$e$ #or -ro!$-!n$ tr!nmiion( =ro!$-!n$ tr!nmiion !&&ow
imu&t!neou mu&tip&e tr!nmiion or i,n!& uin, $i##erent
communic!tion c%!nne& !t t%e !me time(
183
5>D(5 )I=RE8OPTIC LAN AND MAN
Speci#ic!tion #or ! )i-re8Optic LAN !n$ MAN !re ,i'en
un$er t%e 5>D(5 t!n$!r$( T%i t!n$!r$ ,i'e t%e
recommen$!tion #or t%e con#i,ur!tion !n$ tetin, o#
#i-re8optic Loc!& Are! Network !n$ Metropo&it!n Are!
Network(
5>D(@@ WIRELESS LAN
T%i t!n$!r$ $e#ine communic!tion -etween ! wire&e computer or c&ient
!n$ !n !cce point or -etween two wire&e computer or c&ient(
T%e 5>D(@@ t!n$!r$ ue t%e D(C17G #re:uenc" -!n$ to tr!nmit $!t! up to
DM-p(
LESSON 5C
PROTOCOLS
PROTOCOLS
Protoco& pro'i$e t%e ru&e on %ow computer
communic!te( T%e" $e#ine %ow $e'ice
intercommunic!te in ! network en'ironment(
T7E IMPORTANCE O) PROTOCOLS
=e#ore protoco& were $e'e&ope$+ intercommunic!tion
-etween $e'ice w! not poi-&e( Protoco& !re
import!nt ! t%e" $e#ine %ow $e'ice+ !pp&ic!tion or
computer communic!te in ! network(
W%en two computer on ! network per#orm ! in,&e
e*c%!n,e o# $!t! or in#orm!tion+ t%e" wi&& -e -u"
&ookin, #or t%e -et communic!tion proce -etween
t%em(
184
)or e*!mp&e+ t%ere wi&& -e ! protoco& to peci#"
t%e #orm!t t%!t t%e in#orm!tion -it or p!cket
mut cont!in w%en tr!'e&in, !cro t%i
connection(
T%ere !re !&o protoco& t%!t !re reponi-&e #or
enurin, t%!t t%e in#orm!tion -it or $!t!
p!cket !re ent or recei'e$ in ! proper
e:uence(
A&& t%ee protoco& work
to,et%er ! ! ,roup to
prep!re !n$ proce
$!t! #or !n e*c%!n,e o#
in#orm!tion o'er !
network( We c!&& uc% !
,roup ! protoco& t!ck
or ! protoco& uite(
SOME T?PES O) PROTOCOLS
7"perte*t Tr!n#er Protoco& .7TTP/ 0 T%i protoco& i ue$ to !cce+
en$ !n$ recei'e 7"perte*t M!rkup L!n,u!,e #i&e .7TML/ #i&e on t%e
Internet(
Simp&e M!i& Tr!n#er Protoco& .SMTP/ 0 T%i protoco& i ue$ #or
tr!n#errin, e8m!i& -etween computer(
185
)i&e Tr!n#er Protoco& .)TP/ 0 )TP i
reponi-&e #or !&&owin, #i&e to -e copie$
-etween $e'ice(
Tr!nmiion Contro& Protoco& .TCP/ 0 T%i protoco& enure t%e $e&i'er"
o# in#orm!tion p!cket !cro network(
Internet Protoco& .IP/ 0 T%i import!nt protoco& i reponi-&e #or
pro'i$in, &o,ic!& !$$rein, c!&&e$ IP !$$re to route in#orm!tion -etween
network(
LESSON 5A
INTRODUCTION TO TCPHIP
)or communic!tion !cro t%e Internet+ we nee$ to %!'e protoco& to
$emontr!te %ow $!t! %ou&$ -e p!ck!,e$ !n$ ent( TCPHIP i t%e
communic!tion protoco& uite on t%e internet( It %! ! num-er o# protoco&
contro&&in, !n$ %!n$&in, $!t! communic!tion on t%e internet(
TCPHIP t!n$ #or Tr!nmiion Contro& Protoco& H Internet Protoco&(
186
TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL H INTERNET
PROTOCOL
TCPHIP .Tr!nmiion Contro&
Protoco& H Internet Protoco&/ i t%e
internet communic!tion protoco&(
It i ! t!n$!r$ t%!t et t%e ru&e
computer mut #o&&ow in
communic!tin, wit% e!c% ot%er on
! network( Some re#er TCPHIP !
t%e Internet Protoco& Suite(
W%en "ou ue !n" !pp&ic!tion or
pro,r!m to !cce t%e Internet+
t%ee !pp&ic!tion wi&& ue TCPHIP to
!c%ie'e t%e t!k(
)or e*!mp&e+ w%en "ou w!nt to
ur# ! network+ "ou wi&& ue t%e internet -rower( ?our -rower t%en ue
TCPHIP to re:uet er'ice #rom Internet er'er( T%ee er'er wi&& ue
TCPHIP to en$ t%e we- p!,e "ou re:uete$ -!ck to "our -rower(
TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL
TCP .Tr!nmiion Contro& Protoco&/ i t%e protoco& t%!t et t%e
communic!tion ru&e -etween computer( 7ere+ TCP et!-&i%e connection
-etween two computer+ protect !,!int $!t! &o !n$ $!t! corruption(
TCP i reponi-&e #or -re!kin, t%e $!t! into p!cket -e#ore t%e" !re ent.
TCP t%en !em-&e t%e p!cket w%en t%e" re!c% ! $etin!tion(
187
INTERNET PROTOCOL
IP .Internet Protoco&/ i t%e protoco& t%!t tr!n#er $!t! #rom no$e to no$e(
7ere+ IP t!ke c!re o# $e&i'erin, $!t! p!cket -etween two computer( IP i
reponi-&e #or en$in, t%e p!cket #rom en$er to recei'er(
LESSON 56
T7E WA? TCP AND IP WORK
E!c% computer mut %!'e !n IP !$$re
!i,ne$ -" t%e network !$minitr!tor to
!cce t%e internet( Let !" "our i
@<D(@65(>(@(
W%en "ou !cce ! we- p!,e+ #or
e*!mp&e t%e ?!%oo m!in p!,e+ t%e
TCPHIP wi&& m!ke t%e communic!tion
work -etween "our computer !n$ t%e
?!%oo er'er(
188
)irt+ "ou t"pe t%e URL !$$re
Jwww("!%oo(comKon t%e -rower( T%e
TCP wi&& en$ ! re:uet #or t%e we- p!,e
on ?!%oo er'er !ccor$in, to t%e !$$re
"ou t"pe$ in(
TCP wi&& et!-&i% ! connection -etween
two computer w%ic% i "our !n$ ?!%oo
er'er !n$ it wi&& prep!re t%e #u&&8$up&e*
communic!tion(
A #u&&8$up&e* "tem !&&ow communic!tion in -ot% $irection+ !n$ un&ike %!&#8$up&e*+ !&&ow
t%i to %!ppen imu&t!neou&"( L!n$8&ine te&ep%one network !re #u&&8$up&e* ince t%e"
!&&ow -ot% c!&&er to pe!k !n$ -e %e!r$ !t t%e !me time( A ,oo$ !n!&o," #or ! #u&&8$up&e*
"tem wou&$ -e ! two &!ne ro!$ wit% one &!ne #or e!c% $irection
T%e IP wi&& -e,in en$in, t%e $!t!
re:uet #rom @<D(@65(>(@ to
3www("!%oo(com4 or D><(@E@(E6(@A5(
T%e Internet i ! %u,e co&&ection o#
network( T%ere !re m!n" route #rom
"our computer to t%e er'er( IP wi&&
en$ t%e $!t! p!cket t%rou,% t%ee
route ! #!t ! poi-&e( It wi&&
cont!nt&" ue e'er!& $i##erent route
to $e&i'er t%e p!cket to t%e
$etin!tion(
Me!nw%i&e+ TCP wi&& continue to
m!int!in t%e &ink -etween t%e two
computer( TCP wi&& c&oe t%e
communic!tion &ink once t%e we- p!,e
%! re!c%e$ "our computer(
LESSON 57
PRI9ATE COMPUTER NETWORK SETTIN1
Simi&!r to mo-i&e p%one+ computer connecte$ to ! network %!'e2
A p%one num-er .!n IP !$$re on ! network/(
Ser'ice pro'i$er i$enti#ic!tion+ #or e*!mp&e M!*i >@D+ Di,i >@6 !n$
Ce&com >@< . ! u-net m!k on ! network/(
Antenn! . ! network ,!tew!" on ! network/(
A p%one -ook #unction to %e&p uer put n!me to
te&ep%one num-er . ! DNS er'er on ! network/(
189
STEPS TO SETTIN1 UP PRI9ATE NETWORK
W%en "ou w!nt to et up ! pri'!te network #or t%e c%oo&+ "ou wi&& nee$ to
int!&& t%e network c!r$+ IP !$$re+ Su-net m!k !n$ De#!u&t ,!tew!"(
@( Ri,%t c&ick on t%e M" Network P&!ce icon on
t%e $ektop !n$ c&ick t%e propertie comm!n$(
D( In t%e Network Connection win$ow+ ri,%t c&ick
on t%e network inter#!ce !n$ c&ick t%e
propertie comm!n$(
E( In t%e network inter#!ce4 Propertie $i!&o,
-o*+ c&ick t%e Internet Protoco& .TCPHIP/ entr"
!n$ t%en c&ick t%e Propertie -utton(
C( In t%e Internet Protoco& .TCPHIP/ Propertie
$i!&o, -o*+ e&ect t%e Ue t%e #o&&owin, IP
!$$re option(
A( T"pe in t%e IP !$$re in t%e IP !$$re te*t
-o*+ #or e*!mp&e @7D(D5(@@(@>>(
190
5( M!ke ure
!$$re
6( T"pe in t%e Su-net m!k in t%e u-net m!k
te*t -o* wit% DAA(DAA(DAA(>
7( Enter ! $e#!u&t ,!tew!" wit% "our er'er4 IP
!$$re( Let4 !" "our er'er IP !$$re i
@7@(D5(@@(@(
O-t!in DNS er'er
!utom!tic!&&" i c%oen(
<( C&ick OK in t%e Internet Protoco& .TCPHIP/
Propertie $i!&o, -o*(
@>( C&ick OK in t%e e*tern!& inter#!ce4
Propertie $i!&o, -o*(
191
LESSON 55
T?PES O) NETWORK COMMUNICATION TEC7NOLO1?
T%e Internet %! -ecome one o# t%e
nece!r" t%in, in our $!i&" &i'e( A &ot c!n
-e $one 'i! t%e Internet(
We ue t%e Internet to communic!te wit% e!c% ot%er+
$e!& wit% mone" tr!n!ction+ ur#in, #or entert!inment
!n$ e$uc!tion(
)or e*!mp&e+ we c!n p!" our uti&it" -i&& uin, t%e
e8-!nkin, er'ice ! %own in t%e 'i$eo(
T%e Internet i one o# t%e t"pe o# network
communic!tion tec%no&o," -ei$e intr!net !n$
e*tr!net(
192
INTERNET
T%e Internet+ or t%e Net+ i t%e wor&$wi$e+ pu-&ic&"
!ccei-&e "tem o# interconnecte$ computer
network t%!t tr!nmit $!t! -" p!cket witc%in,
uin, t%e t!n$!r$ Internet Protoco& .IP/(
It conit o# mi&&ion o# m!&&er -uine+
!c!$emic+ $ometic !n$ ,o'ernment network+
w%ic% to,et%er c!rr" '!riou in#orm!tion !n$
er'ice+ uc% ! e&ectronic m!i&+ on&ine c%!t+ !n$
t%e inter&inke$ We- p!,e !n$ ot%er $ocument o#
t%e Wor&$ Wi$e We-(
Internet i one o# t%e ue o#
communic!tion( T%rou,% t%e Internet+
ociet" %! !cce to ,&o-!& in#orm!tion
!n$ int!nt communic!tion(
INTRANET
An Intr!net .intr! me!n wit%in/ i !n intern!& network t%!t ue Internet
tec%no&o,ie !n$ it i ! m!&& 'erion o# t%e Internet t%!t e*it wit%in !n
or,!ni!tion(
An intr!net i ! pri'!te computer network t%!t ue
Internet protoco&+ network connecti'it" !n$
poi-&" t%e pu-&ic te&ecommunic!tion "tem to
ecure&" %!re p!rt o# !n or,!ni!tion4 in#orm!tion
or oper!tion wit% it emp&o"ee(
Intr!net ,ener!&&" m!ke comp!n" in#orm!tion !ccei-&e to emp&o"ee !n$
#!ci&it!te workin, in ,roup(
Simp&e intr!net !pp&ic!tion inc&u$e e&ectronic pu-&i%in, o# or,!ni!tion!&
m!teri!& uc% ! te&ep%one $irectorie+ e'ent c!&en$!r !n$ Io- potin,(
193
EMTRANET
An e*tr!net i ! pri'!te network t%!t
ue Internet protoco&+ network
connecti'it"+ !n$ poi-&" t%e pu-&ic
te&ecommunic!tion "tem to ecure&"
%!re p!rt o# ! -uine4 in#orm!tion
or oper!tion wit% upp&ier+ 'en$or+
p!rtner+ cutomer or ot%er
-uinee(
P!ck!,e %ippin, comp!nie+ #or
e*!mp&e+ !&&ow cutomer to !cce
t%eir network to print !ir -i&&+ c%e$u&e pickup+
!n$ e'en tr!ck %ippe$ p!ck!,e ! t%e p!ck!,e
tr!'e& to t%eir $etin!tion(
LESSON 5<
INTERNET
T%e Internet w! cre!te$ in t%e @<6> -" peop&e wit% ,re!t 'iion( T%e" !w
t%e ,re!t potenti!& '!&ue in !&&owin, computer to
%!re in#orm!tion on ree!rc% !n$ $e'e&opment in
cienti#ic !n$ mi&it!r" #ie&$(
Now!$!"+ w%en Internet i mentione$+ it me!n
con'enience+ pee$ !n$ economic!&( M!n" t!k c!n
-e !ccomp&i%e$ wit%out %!'in, to tr!'e& #!r+ pen$
too muc% mone" or e'en w!it #or repone(
INTERNET
T%e Internet i t%e wor&$4
&!r,et computer network
w%ic% connect mi&&ion o#
computer !&& o'er t%e wor&$(
M!n" or,!ni!tion inc&u$in,
pri'!te ! we&& ! ,o'ernment
!,encie+ e$uc!tion!&
intitution !n$ in$i'i$u!& !re
connecte$ to t%e Internet(
194
Some o# t%e m!n" u!,e o# t%e Internet !re2
In#orm!tion6 ree!rc% N e*c%!n,e
Commerce
re!& time communic!tion
-!nkin,
%oppin,
entert!inment
e$uc!tion
,!min,
Internet tr!nmit $!t! -" uin, Internet Protoco& .IP/(
INTERNET ACCESS
To !cce t%e Internet+ uer nee$ to
u-cri-e er'ice to !n Internet Ser'ice
Pro'i$er .ISP/( An ISP c!n eit%er -e !
te&ecommunic!tion comp!n" or !n"
ot%er or,!ni!tion peci!&iin, in
pro'i$in, !cce to Internet er'ice(
Our Minitr" o# Ener,"+ W!ter !n$ Communic!tion %! &icene$ 6
te&ecommunic!tion comp!nie to pro'i$e te&ep%on" er'ice in M!&!"i!(
Current&"+ on&" #our o# t%em !re pro'i$in, Internet er'ice+ t%e" !re B!rin,
-" MIMOS+ TMnet -" Te&ekom M!&!"i! =er%!$+ M!*inet -" M!*i
Communic!tion =%$ !n$ Time(net -" Time $otcom =er%!$(
Internet connection i $i'i$e$ into two c!te,orie6 $i!&8up or -ro!$-!n$(
)or $i!&8up connection+ ! p%one &ine !n$ mo$em !re nee$e$ to !cce t%e
Internet w%i&e -ro!$-!n$ connection ue c!-&e mo$em or router(
195
INTERNET SER9ICES
Internet uer c!n !cce er'ice &ike2
We- -rowin,
Em!i&
)i&e tr!n#er
New,roupN!mp6Me!,e -o!r$
M!i&in, &it
C%!t room
Int!nt me!,in,(
LESSON <>
INTRANET
INTRANET
Wit% new tec%no&o,ie m!n" o# our t!k c!n
-e per#orme$ wit% ! c&ick o# ! #ew -utton(
Comp!n" oper!tion !re now not Iut &imite$
wit%in 'er" t!&& -ui&$in, or -etween two
-ui&$in, &oc!te$ wit%in t%e cit"( T%e" !re !&o
!'!i&!-&e -etween citie+ t!te !n$ e'en
countrie(
T%e intr!net tec%no&o," !&&ow %!rin, o# '!&u!-&e in#orm!tion !n$ &et
-uine !cti'itie c!rr" on e'en wit%out ! ke" peronne& preent !t t%e
-uine premie(
USES O) INTRANET
An Intr!net i !n intern!& network t%!t ue
Internet tec%no&o,ie( It i ! m!&& 'erion o# t%e
Internet t%!t e*it wit%in !n or,!ni!tion(
Intr!net ,ener!&&" m!ke comp!n" in#orm!tion
!ccei-&e to emp&o"ee !n$ #!ci&it!te workin, in
,roup(
To !cce intr!net+ emp&o"ee nee$ to -e on&ine( To &et t%e
emp&o"ee !cce t%e intr!net #ro e'er"w%ere !roun$ t%e
wor&$+ e'er" emp&o"ee wi&& -e ,i'en t%e intr!net !$$re+
uer n!me !n$ p!wor$(
196
Intr!net uu!&&" inc&u$e e&ectronic pu-&i%in, o# m!teri!& re&!te$ to !n
or,!ni!tion uc% !2
Te&ep%one $irectorie
E'ent c!&en$!r
Emp&o"ee %!n$-ook
Bo- potin,
Em!i& er'ice
New -u&&etin
Comp!n" #orm
St!## in#orm!tion
Intr!net too !re ue$ to con$uct more
op%itic!te$ t!k uc% !2
1roupw!re !pp&ic!tion in proIect
m!n!,ement(
Remote $icuion room .c%!t room/
1roup c%e$u&in,
9i$eo con#erencin,
COMPARISON =ETWEEN INTRANET AND INTERNET
197

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Amin, SMK Raja Shahriman

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