4.1.

1 Exercises:
1. Complete the Lewis Diagram for the following molecules:
a) CH
4
b) H
2
O
c) NH
3

H C

H
H
H

H

O H

H N



H
H
4.1.2 Exercises:
1. Complete the Lewis Diagram for the following molecules:
a) BeCl
2
b) BeH
2
c) BF
3
d) BH
3
B

H

H
H
B

Be

H

Be H

Cl

Cl

4.1.3 Exercises:
1. Complete the Lewis Diagram for the following molecules:
a) H
3
O
+
b) NH
4
+
c) BCl
4
-
d) NH
2
-
H

O H


H

[ ]
+

H N

H
H
H

[ ]
+
B

[ ]
-
[ ]
-

H N

H
4.1.4 Exercises:
1. Complete the Lewis Diagram for the following molecules:
a) SCl
4
b) ClF
3
c) XeF
2
d) BrF
4
+
e) SbCl
5
S

Cl

Cl

Cl

[ ]
+
Cl

Xe

F



Br

Sb

Cl

Cl

Cl

4.1.5 Exercises:
1. Complete the Lewis Diagram for the following molecules:
a) O
2
b) C
2
H
4
c) H
2
CO
d) N
2
e) CO
f ) CN
-

O

O

H C

H
C

H
H

H C

H
O

N


N

C
O

+
-

C
N

[ ]
-
4.2.1 Exercises:
1. Complete the Lewis Diagram for the following molecules and assign formal charges:
a) H
2
O
b) H
3
O
+
c) NH
3
d) SbCl
5
2-
H

O H



H

O H


H

[ ]
+

H N



H
H
Sb

Cl

Cl

Cl

[
]
2-
4.2.2 Exercises:
1. Complete the Lewis Diagram for the following molecules and assign formal charges:
a) CO
2
b) SCN
-
2. Complete the Lewis Diagram for the following molecules and assign formal charges:
a) H
2
S
b) AsF
5
c) BeF
2
d) C
2
H
2
C
O

C
N

[
]
1-
H

S H



As

[
]

Be

H
C

C
H

4.2.2 Exercises:
2. Complete the Lewis Diagram for the following molecules and assign formal charges:
e) TeF
4
f ) CS
2
g) BrF
3
h) ICl
4
-
i) N
2
H
4
j) HCN
k) BrF
5
C
S

Te

Br

]
-
I

Cl

Cl

Cl

H N

H
N

H
H

C
N

H
Br

4.2.2 Exercises:
2. Complete the Lewis Diagram for the following molecules and assign formal charges:
l) XeF
3
+
m) XeF
4
n) C
2
Cl
4
o) BCl
3
p) C
2
F
2
q) N
2
H
2
Xe

]
+
[
Xe

Cl C

Cl
C

Cl
Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

F
C

C
F

H
N

4.3.1 Exercises:
1. Draw different isomers for the following molecules:
a) C
2
H
2
Cl
2
b) C
2
H
4
O
(no need to know the examples above) (no need to know the example above)
c) C
2
H
4
ClBr d) C
3
H
5
F
(no need to know the examples above)
4.4.1 Exercises:
1. Draw the Lewis diagram (if not given) and resonance structures for the following:
a) Benzene (C
6
H
6
): b) NO
2
-
:
c) Ozone (O
3
): d) SO
2
:
e) SO
3
:
f ) CO
3
2-
:
. . . .
.
..
. .
..
.
.
.
.
-
.
.
-
.
.
. .
. . .
. . . .
.
..
. .
..
.
.
.
.
-
.
.
-
.
.
. .
. . .
4.5.1 Exercises:
1. Arrange the following in order of increasing bond length
a) The N-N bond in N
2
, N
2
H
4
, N
2
H
2
:
N
2
< N
2
H
2
< N
2
H
4
Reasoning: progression from a triple bond (shortest), to a double bond,
to a single bond (the longest).
b) The C-O bond in CH
3
OH, HCO
2
-
, CO
3
2-
, H
2
CO, CO :
CO(triple bond) < H
2
CO(double bond) < HCO
2
-
(1 single bond) < CO
3
2-
(1 1/3 single bond) <
CH
3
OH(single bond
c) The N-O bond in NO
+
, NO
2
-
, NO
3
-
:
NO
+
(triple bond) < NO
2
-
(1 bond) < NO
3
-
(1 1/3 bond)
.
.
.
- -
-
. .
. . .
.
.
. .
. .
.
-
-
-
. .
.
. .
.
. .
.
. .
.
. .
.
. .
.
. .
.
. .
.
. .
.
. .
.
. .
.
..
..
.. ..
..
.
.
-
.
. .
.
.
-
.
.
. .
. . .
.
.
.
.
4.6.1 Exercise:
1. Determine if the following molecules are polar or non-polar, if they are polar then determine the
direction of the resultant.
a) H
2
O polar
b) PF
3
polar
c) BF
3
non-polar
d) HF polar
e) CO
2
non-polar
f ) ClF polar
g) CH
4
polar
.
.
.
.
. .
.
.
.
.
..
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.
..
.
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..
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..
. . ..
.. ..
. ..
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.
..
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..
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..
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4.6.1 Exercises:
2. For the following determine or draw: Lewis Structure
Repulsion number
Name of geometry without lone pairs
VSEPR sketch
Name of actual geometry
Bond angles
If the molecule is polar or non-polar
a) OF
2
b) CH
4
c) BeCl
2
d) CH
2
F
2
e) BF
3
f ) NH
3
g) PCl
5
h) ClF
3
i) SF
6
j) IF
5
k) BrF
4
-
l) XeF
2
m) XeF
4
n) ClF
4
+
o) SO
2
p) H
2
CO
q) HCN r) N
2
H
4
s) CO
2
t) NH
2
-
u) I
3
-
Central
atom
s
Bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
O 2 2 4 0 sp
3
tetrahedral bent
Orbital Box Diagram
O: [He] _ _
2s 2p
O*: [He] _ _
sp
3
H
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): polar
<109.5
o
.
.
.
.
.
.
..
.
. .
.
.
.
.
.
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
C 4 0 4 0 sp
3
tetrahedral tetrahedral
CH
4
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): non polar
Orbital Box Diagram
C: [He] _ _ __ C*: [He] _ _ _ _
2s 2p 2s 2p
C*: [He] _ _ _ _
sp
3
109.5
o
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
Be 2 0 2 0 sp linear linear
BeCl
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): non polar
Orbital Box Diagram
Be: [He] __ __ __ Be*: [He] _ _ __ __
2s 2p 2s 2p
Be*: [He] _ _
sp
180
o
..
.
.
..
.
.
..
..
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
C 4 0 4 0 sp
3
tetrahedral tetrahedral
CH
2
F
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): polar
Orbital Box Diagram
C: [He] _ _ __ C*: [He] _ _ _ _
2s 2p 2s 2p
C*: [He] _ _ _ _
sp
3
..
.
.
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
109.5
o
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
B 3 0 3 0 sp
2
Trigonal planar Trigonal planar
BF
3
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): non polar
Orbital Box Diagram
B: [He] _ __ __ B*: [He] _ _ _ __
2s 2p 2s 2p
B*: [He] _ _ _
sp
2
.
.
.
.
..
..
.
.
..
. .
.
.
.
.
120
o
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
N 3 1 4 0 sp
3
tetrahedral Trigonal pyramidal
NH
3
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): polar
Orbital Box Diagram
N: [He] _ _ _
2s 2p
N*: [He] _ _ _
sp
3
<120
o
..
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
P 5 0 5 0 sp
3
d Trigonal
bipyramidal
Trigonal
bipyramidal
PCl
5
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): non polar
Orbital Box Diagram
P: [Ne] _ _ _ P*: [Ne] _ _ _ _ _ __ __ __ __
3s 3p 3s 3p 3d
P*: [Ne] _ _ _ _ _
sp
3
d
.
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.
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.
90
o
120
o
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
C 3 2 5 0 sp
3
d Trigonal
bipyramidal
T-shape
ClF
3
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): polar
Orbital Box Diagram
Cl: [Ne] _ Cl*: [Ne] _ _ _ __ __ __ __
3s 3p 3s 3p 3d
Cl*: [Ne] _ _ _
sp
3
d
<90
o
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
S 6 0 6 0 sp
3
d
2
octahedral octahedral
SF
6
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): non polar
Orbital Box Diagram
S: [Ne] _ _ S*: [Ne] _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ __
3s 3p 3s 3p 3d
S*: [Ne] _ _ _ _ _ _
sp
3
d
2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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90
o
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
I 5 1 6 0 sp
3
d
2
octahedral square pyramidal
IF
5
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): polar
Orbital Box Diagram
I: [Kr] _ I*: [Kr] _ _ _ _ __ __ __
5s 4d 5p 5s 4d 5p 5d
I*: [Kr] _ _ _ _
sp
3
d
2
<90
o
.
.
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.
<90
o
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
Br 4 2 6 0 sp
3
d
2
octahedral Square planar
BrF
4
-
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): non polar
Orbital Box Diagram
Br
-
: [Ar] Br
-
*: [Ar] _ _ _ _ __ __ __
4s 3d 4p 4s 3d 4p 4d
Br
-
*: [Ar] _ _ _ _
sp
3
d
2
90
o
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
Xe 2 3 5 0 sp
3
d Trigonal
bipyramidal
linear
XeF
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): non polar
Orbital Box Diagram
Xe: [Kr] Xe*: [Kr] _ _ __ __ __ __
5s 4d 5p 5s 4d 5p 5d
Xe*: [Kr] _ _
sp
3
d
1
8
0
o
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
Xe 4 2 6 0 sp
3
d
2
octahedral Square planar
XeF
4
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): non polar
Orbital Box Diagram
Xe: [Kr] Xe*: [Kr] _ _ _ _ __ __ __
5s 4d 5p 5s 4d 5p 5d
Xe*: [Kr] _ _ _ _
sp
3
d
2
.
.
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.
90
o
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
Cl 4 1 5 0 sp
3
d Trigonal
bipyramidal
Seesaw
ClF
4
+
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): polar
Orbital Box Diagram
Cl
+
: [Ne] _ _ Cl
+
*: [Ne] _ _ _ _ __ __ __ __
3s 3p 3s 3p 3d
Cl
+
*: [Ne] _ _ _ _
sp
3
d
<90
o
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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<120
o
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
S 2 1 3 1 sp
2
Trigonal planar Bent
SO
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): polar
Orbital Box Diagram
S
+
: [Ne] _ _ _ S
+
*: [Ne] _ _ _
3s 3p 3s 3p
S
+
*: [Ne] _ _ _
sp
2
3p
.
.
.
.
-
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
C 3 0 3 1 sp
2
Trigonal planar Trigonal planar
H
2
CO
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): Y
Orbital Box Diagram
C: [He] _ _ __ C*: [He] _ _ _ _
2s 2p 2s 2p
C*: [He] _ _ _ _
sp
2
2p
.
.
.
.
120
o
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
C 2 0 2 2 sp linear linear
HCN
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): Y
Orbital Box Diagram
C: [He] _ _ __ C*: [He] _ _ _ _
2s 2p 2s 2p
C*: [He] _ _ _ _
sp 2p
.
.
180
o
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
N 3 1 4 0 sp
3
tetrahedral Trigonal
pyramidal
N
2
H
4
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): N
Orbital Box Diagram
N: [He] _ _ _
2s 2p
N*: [He] _ _ _
sp
3
.
.
.
.
<109.5
o
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
C 2 0 2 2 sp linear linear
CO
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): N
Orbital Box Diagram
C: [He] _ _ __ C*: [He] _ _ _ _
2s 2p 2s 2p
C*: [He] _ _ _ _
sp 2p
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
180
o
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
N 2 2 4 0 sp
3
tetrahedral bent
NH
2
-
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): Y
Orbital Box Diagram
N
-
: [He] _ _
2s 2p
N
-
*: [He] _ _
sp
3
.
.
.
.
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
I 2 3 5 0 sp
3
d Trigonal
bipyramidal
linear
I
3
-
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors): N
Orbital Box Diagram
I
-
: [Kr] I
-
*: [Kr] _ _ __ __ __ __
5s 4d 5p 5s 4d 5p 5d
I
-
*: [Kr] _ _
sp
3
d
.
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.
4.7.1 Exercises:
1. Determine the hybridization of the orbitals in the following central atom in order to obtain the
molecules below. For each, give: # of covalent bonds
# of electron pairs
Orbital box diagram:
Excited State:
Hybridized State:
a) BeH
2
b) BH
3
c) CH
4
d) PCl
5
e) SF
4
f ) SF
6
g) XeF
2
h) XeF
4
i) KrF
4
j) ClF
3
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
BeH
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
BH
3
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
CH
4
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
PCl
5
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
SF
4
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
SF
6
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
XeF
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
XeF
4
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
KrF
4
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
ClF
3
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
4.9.1 Exercises:
1. Determine the hybridization of the orbitals in the following central atom in order to obtain the
following molecules:
a) NH
4
+
# of bonds
# of electron pairs
# of bonds
Orbital box diagram:
Excited State:
Hybridized State:
b) AsF
5
2-
# of bonds
# of electron pairs
# of bonds
Orbital box diagram:
Excited State:
Hybridized State:
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
NH
4
+
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
AsF
3
2-
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
1. Determine the hybridization of the orbitals in the following central atom in order to obtain the
following molecules:
a) C
2
H
4
# of bonds
# of electron pairs
# of bonds
Orbital box diagram:
Excited State:
Hybridized State:
b) C
2
H
2
# of bonds
# of electron pairs
# of bonds
Orbital box diagram:
Excited State:
Hybridized State:
4.9.2 Exercises:
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
C
2
H
4
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
C
2
H
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
H
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
CH
4
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
Br
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
O
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
C
2
H
4
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
N
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
C
2
H
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
CO
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
End of unit exercises:
1. For the following molecules give: Box diagram of the central atom
Box diagram of the excited central atom
Box diagram of the hybridized atom
VSEPR sketch
Bond Angles
Name of geometry
a) BeH
2
b) BH
3
c) CH
4
d) NH
3
e) H
2
O
f ) HF
g) PCl
5
h) SF
4
i) ClF
3
j) XeF
2
k) KrF
4
l) SiF
4
2-
m) ClF
4
+
n) AsF
5
-2
o) BrF
4
-
p) IF
6
+
q) XeF
3
+
r) CN
-
s) CH
2
O
t) CO
2
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
BeH
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
BH
3
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
CH
4
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
NH
3
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
H
2
O
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
HF
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
PCl
5
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
SF
4
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
ClF
3
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
XeF
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
KrF
4
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
SiF
4
2-
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
ClF
4
+
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
AsF
5
2-
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
BrF
4
-
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
IF
6
+
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
XeF
3
+
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
CN
-
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
CH
2
O
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram
Central
atom
s
bonds
Lone
Pairs
(LP)
s
bonds
+ LP
p
bonds
Hybridization Electron Pair
arrangement
Molecular
geometry (around
each central atom)
CO
2
Lewis Structure VSEPR Sketch (with bond angles)
Polar (Y or N, show vectors):
Orbital Box Diagram