In computer networking, a port is an application-specifc or process-specifc

software construct serving as a communications endpoint in a computer's

host operating system. The purpose of ports is to uniquely identify diferent
applications or processes running on a single computer and therey enale
them to share a single physical connection to a packet-switched network like
the Internet. In the conte!t of the Internet "rotocol, a port is associated with
an I" address of the host, as well as the type of protocol used for
communication.
The protocols that primarily use ports are the Transport #ayer protocols,
such as the Transmission $ontrol "rotocol %T$"& and the 'ser (atagram
"rotocol %'("& of the Internet "rotocol )uite. * port is identifed for each
address and protocol y a +,-it numer, commonly known as the port
numer. The port numer, added to a computer's I" address, completes the
destination address for a communications session. That is, data packets are
routed across the network to a specifc destination I" address, and then, upon
reaching the destination computer, are further routed to the specifc process
ound to the destination port numer.
-. T$" '(" /T" data transfer 01cial
-+ T$" /T" control %command& 01cial
-23245 T$" )imple 6ail Transfer "rotocol %)6T"&7used for e-
mail routing etween mail servers 01cial
-, T$" '(" encrypted )6T" 01cial
28 T$" '(" (omain 9ame )ystem %(9)& 01cial
:. T$" ;yperte!t Transfer "rotocol %;TT"&<+-= 01cial
+.5 T$" >emote T?#9?T )ervice<+@= protocol 01cial
+.4 T$" "ost 01ce "rotocol v- %"0"-& 01cial
++. T$" "ost 01ce "rotocol v8 %"0"8& 01cial
@@8 T$" ;yperte!t Transfer "rotocol over T#)3))# %;TT")&
01cial
@,2 T$" )imple 6ail Transfer "rotocol over T#)3))# %)6T")&
'no1cial
2@, T$" '(" (;$"v, client 01cial
2@5 T$" '(" (;$"v, server 01cial
The Dynamic Host Confguration Protocol (DHCP) is a standardiAed
networking protocol used on Internet "rotocol %I"& networks for dynamically
distriuting network confguration parameters, such as I" addresses for
interfaces and services. Bith (;$", computers request I" addresses and
networking parameters automatically from a (;$" server, reducing the need
for a network administrator or a user to confgure these settings manually.