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What is IPv6 ?
Mobile IPv6
IPv6 Addressing
IPv6 Deployment Status
IPv6 & Beijing Olympics 2008
IPv6 & Enterprise
IPsec - Security
IPv6 & VOIP
IPv6 & Sensor Networks
IPv6 & NAT
IPv6 Interoperability
History of IPv6
Microsoft Vista & IPv6
WiMax - Wireless Broadband
P2P BitTorrent Filtering
ICMPv6 Technical Details
End 2 End Solution
NextGen Networking
IETF History
Organization - ARIN
IPv6 Header
The Future of the Internet
IPv6 Addressing
by Kaushik Das
Intro
One of the main benefits of Internet Protocol version 6
(IPv6) over previously used Internet Protocol version 4
(IPv4) is the large address-space that contains
(addressing) information to route packets for the next
generation Internet.
IPv6 supports 128-bit address space and can potentially
support 2128 or 3.4W1038 unique IP addresses (as
opposed to 32-bit address space of IPv4). With this large
address-space scheme, IPv6 has the capability to
provide unique addresses to each and every device or
node attached to the Internet.

Why we need IPv6 Addressing
An escalating demand for IP addresses acted as the driving force behind the development of the
large address space offered by the IPv6. According to industry estimates, in the wireless domain,
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Transition Mechanisms
IPv6 Hardware Vendor Support
IPv6 & The Military
NAT - In Depth
IPv6 & RFID -RealTime Tracking
Internet Appliances
Kame Project
IPv6 & BioSensors
Stateless Auto Configuration
IPv6 Business Guide
IP Based Technologies
MPLS & IPv6
Tech Guide IPTV
IPv6 & Auto Industry
IPv6 & Video Conferencing
Research of IP
Sprint & IPv6
Ubiquitous Computing
Auto Config - DHCPv6
Bluetooth Technology
GSM Mobile Networks
IP Multimedia Subsystem
IPv6 Multihoming
IPv6 Mobile Ecommerce
Network Traffic Monitors
Secure Neighbor Discovery
Telecommunications Industry
US Government IPv6
IP PBX
SIP - Session Initiation Protocol
ALG & IPv6
Mobile Phone Era
IPv6 for Linux & BSD
IPv6 and the World of Gaming
IPv6 Deployment in North America
General TCP/IP
UDP - User Datagram Protocol
more than a billion mobile phones, Personal Digital Assistants (PDA), and other wireless devices
will require Internet access, and each will need its own unique IP address.
The extended address length offered by IPv6 eliminates the need to use techniques such as
network address translation to avoid running out of the available address space. IPv6 contains
addressing and control information to route packets for the next generation Internet.
Types of IPv6 Addresses
IPv6 addresses are broadly classified into three categories:
1) Unicast addresses A Unicast address acts as an identifier for a single interface. An IPv6 packet
sent to a Unicast address is delivered to the interface identified by that address.
2) Multicast addresses A Multicast address acts as an identifier for a group/set of interfaces that
may belong to the different nodes. An IPv6 packet delivered to a Multicast address is delivered to
the multiple interfaces.
3) Anycast addresses Anycast addresses act as identifiers for a set of interfaces that may belong
to the different nodes. An IPv6 packet destined for an Anycast address is delivered to one of the
interfaces identified by the address.
IPv6 Address Notation
IPv6 addresses are denoted by eight groups of hexadecimal quartets separated by colons in
between them.
Following is an example of a valid IPv6 address: 2001:cdba:0000:0000:0000:0000:3257:9652
Any four-digit group of zeroes within an IPv6 address may be reduced to a single zero or
altogether omitted. Therefore, the following IPv6 addresses are similar and equally valid:
2001:cdba:0000:0000:0000:0000:3257:9652
2001:cdba:0:0:0:0:3257:9652
2001:cdba::3257:9652
The URL for the above address will be of the form:
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UDP - User Datagram Protocol
802.11n Wireless
802.1x Wireless
Windows Server 2008
WEP - Wired Equivalent Privacy
Identity-Based Networking
10 Gigabit Ethernet
Traffic Management
Network Infrastructure
Address Resolution Protocol
LTE - Long Term Evolution
Fixed Mobile Convergence
VPN & IPv6
Open Cellular Networks
http://[2001:cdba:0000:0000:0000:0000:3257:9652]/
Network Notation in IPv6
The IPv6 networks are denoted by Classless Inter Domain Routing (CIDR) notation. A network or
subnet using the IPv6 protocol is denoted as a contiguous group of IPv6 addresses whose size
must be a power of two. The initial bits of an IPv6 address (these are identical for all hosts in a
network) form the network s prefix. The size of bits in a network prefix are separated with a / . For
example, 2001:cdba:9abc:5678::/64 denotes the network address 2001:cdba:9abc:5678. This
network comprises of addresses rearranging from 2001:cdba:9abc:5678:: up to
2001:cdba:9abc:5678:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff. In a similar fashion, a single host may be denoted as a
network with a 128-bit prefix. In this way, IPv6 allows a network to comprise of a single host and
above.
Special Addresses in IPv6

::/96 The zero prefix denotes addresses that are compatible with the previously used IPv4
protocol.

::/128 An IPv6 address with all zeroes in it is referred to as an unspecified address and is
used for addressing purposes within a software.

::1/128 This is called the loop back address and is used to refer to the local host. An
application sending a packet to this address will get the packet back after it is looped back
by the IPv6 stack. The local host address in the IPv4 was 127.0.0.1 .

2001:db8::/32 This is a documentation prefix allowed in the IPv6. All the examples of IPv6
addresses should ideally use this prefix to indicate that it is an example.

fec0::/10 This is a site-local prefix offered by IPv6. This address prefix signifies that the
address is valid only within the local organization. Subsequently, the usage of this prefix
has been discouraged by the RFC.

fc00::/7 This is called the Unique Local Address (ULA). These addresses are routed only
within a set of cooperating sites. These were introduced in the IPv6 to replace the site-
local addresses. These addresses also provide a 40-bit pseudorandom number that
reduces the risk of address conflicts.

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ff00::/8 This prefix is offered by IPv6 to denote the multicast addresses. Any address
carrying this prefix is automatically understood to be a multicast address.

fe80::/10 This is a link-local prefix offered by IPv6. This address prefix signifies that the
address is valid only in the local physical link.
Reference: Please see RFC 1884 - IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture for more information.