1

B GIO DC V O TO TP ON BU CHNH VIN THNG VIT NAM

HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG
---------------------------------------




NGUYN C MNH



CHNH SCH THC Y PHT TRIN DCH V 3G
CHO TH TRNG VIN THNG


CHUYN NGNH : QUN TR KINH DOANH
M S : 60.34.05


TM TT LUN VN THC S KINH DOANH V QUN L



H NI, NM 2011

2
Lun vn c hon thnh ti
Hc vin Cng ngh Bu chnh Vin thng
Tp on Bu chnh Vin thng Vit Nam


Ngi hng dn khoa hc:



Phn bin 1: ..........................................................................
.........................................................................


Phn bin 2: ..........................................................................
.........................................................................



Lun vn s c bo v trc hi ng chm lun vn
ti Hc vin Cng ngh Bu chnh Vin thng
Vo lc: ..... gi ..... ngy ..... thng ..... nm .....


C th tm hiu lun vn ti:
- Th vin Hc vin Cng ngh Bu chnh Vin thng


3


M U
1. L do chn ti
Trn phm vi th gii, 3G bt u c a vo khai thc thng mi mt
cch rng ri k t 2001 vi quc gia thnh cng u tin l Nht Bn. K t
n nay c thm rt nhiu quc gia khc nghin cu v a 3G vo ng dng
trong i sng hng ngy.
Ti Vit Nam, cuc thi tuyn cp php 3G do B Thng tin v Truyn thng
t chc vo thng 2/2009 chn la ra 4 doanh nghip c tim nng, ha hn
thc y th trng dch v 3G s pht trin si ng trong thi gian ti. Tnh n
thi im hin ti, c bn nh mng c cp giy php 3G gm Vinaphone,
Mobifone, Viettel v lin minh EVN Telecom v Hanoi Telecom u chnh
thc trin khai cung cp dch v 3G cho khch hng ca mnh trn phm vi c
nc theo ng cam kt.
Tuy nhin, 3G Vit Nam mi giai on u ca qu trnh pht trin. Cc
hnh thc s dng 3G tng i a dng nhng s pht trin ca 3G vn cha
tng xng vi tim nng u t. Bn cnh , cho n nay cha c ti liu
nghin cu khoa hc no nh gi c th v s pht trin cng nh cc kt qu
t c ca 3G ti Vit Nam. Mt khc, c quan qun l Nh nc trong lnh
vc, c th l B Thng tin v Truyn thng cng cha xy dng mt chnh sch
c th no thc y s pht trin 3G ti Vit Nam. Chnh v th, cn c c ch,
chnh sch ra sao thc y 3G pht trin ti th trng vin thng Vit Nam l
mt bi ton i hi phi c s nghin cu k lng c li gii p tha ng.
y cng chnh l l do em chn thc hin ti Chnh sch thc y pht trin
dch v 3G cho th trng vin thng Vit Nam lm lun vn Thc s chuyn
ngnh Qun tr kinh doanh ti Hc vin Cng ngh Bu chnh Vin thng.
2. Mc ch nghin cu
- nh gi hin trng pht trin cng nh nhng bt cp trong qu trnh pht
trin 3G ti Vit Nam; t xut chnh sch thc y pht trin 3G cho
th trng vin thng Vit Nam.
- Xy dng t liu tham kho mang tnh khoa hc phc v cho cng tc tham
mu hoch nh chnh sch, ban hnh c ch qun l ca c quan qun l
chuyn ngnh, ng thi l c s tham kho hu ch cho cc doanh nghip
cung cp, khai thc 3G ti th trng vin thng Vit Nam.
3. i tng v phm vi nghin cu
- i tng nghin cu ca ti: th trng vin thng ni chung v th
trng 3G Vit Nam ni ring
- Phm vi nghin cu: Nghin cu cc iu kin pht trin 3G ti th trng
vin thng Vit Nam v cu chnh sch thc y pht trin dch v trn nn
3G, khng bao gm chnh sch i vi lnh vc sn xut thit b phn cng
3G.
4


4. Phng php nghin cu
ti s dng 2 phng php nghin cu c bn: Phng php thu thp -
tng hp thng tin, phng php phn tch, nh gi.
5. Kt cu ca lun vn
Chng 1: Tng quan v 3G v chnh sch pht trin vin thng Vit Nam
Chng 2: Hin trng pht trin 3G v cc chnh sch c xy dng c
lin quan n pht trin 3G
Chng 3: xut chnh sch thc y pht trin dch v 3G cho th trng
vin thng Vit Nam

5
Chng 1
TNG QUAN V 3G V CHNH SCH PHT TRIN VIN THNG
VIT NAM

1.1. TNG QUAN V 3G
1.1.1. Lch s hnh thnh v pht trin 3G
1.1.1.1. Lch s hnh thnh cng ngh 3G
Th h th nht (1G): Mng di ng th h th nht khi mo Nht vo
nm 1979. y l h thng truyn tn hiu tng t (analog). Tuy cha hon ho
v mt cng ngh v k thut, th h thng tin di ng 1G ny thc s l mt mc
pht trin quan trng ca ngnh vin thng. Nhng im yu ni bt ca th h
1G lin quan n cht lng truyn tin km, vn bo mt v vic s dng ti
nguyn tn s km hiu qu.
Th h th hai (2G): n nhng nm 1980 h thng thng tin th h th
nht tr nn qu ti khi nhu cu v s ngi s dng ngy cng tng ln, l
ng lc cho s ra i ca h thng thng tin di ng th h th 2. H thng
mng 2G c c trng bi cng ngh chuyn mch k thut s (digital circuit-
switched). K thut ny cho php s dng ti nguyn bng tn hiu qu hn nhiu
so vi 1G. Hu ht cc thu bao di ng trn th gii hin ang dng cng ngh
2G ny.
Th h di ng th ba (3G):
S pht trin nhanh chng ca cc dch v d liu t ra cc yu mi i
vi cng ngh vin thng di ng. Thng tin di ng th h th hai mc d s
dng cng ngh s nhng l h thng bng hp v c xy dng trn c ch
chuyn mch knh nn khng th p ng c yu cu v bng thng ca cc
dch v mi. Trong bi cnh ITU a ra n tiu chun ha h thng
thng tin di ng th h th 3 vi tn gi IMT-2000. IMT-2000 m rng ng
k kh nng cung cp dch v v cho php s dng nhiu phng tin thng tin.
Mc ch ca IMT-2000 l a ra nhiu kh nng mi ng thi m bo s pht
trin lin tc ca h thng thng tin di ng th h th hai (2G) vo nhng nm
2000. IMT-2000 sau ny c gi l 3G, v im ni bt nht ca mng 3G so
vi mng 2G nm kh nng cung ng truyn thng gi tc cao nhm trin
khai cc dch v truyn thng a phng tin trn mng di ng.
Do c nhiu chun cng ngh cho 2G nn s c nhiu chun cng ngh 3G i
theo, tuy nhin trn thc t ch c 02 tiu chun quan trng nht c sn phm
thng mi v c kh nng c trin khai rng ri trn ton th gii l WCDMA
v CDMA 2000.
Cng vi , Lin minh Vin thng quc t (ITU) v ang lm vic
hng ti mt chun cho mng di ng t bo mi th h sau 3G (c th gi l
th h 4G).
6
1.1.1.2. Hin trng pht trin ca 3G trn th gii
Tnh n 2009, 8 nm sau khi hng vin thng Nht Bn NTT Docomo ra
mt mng 3G u tin (nm 2001), s thu bao 3G CDMA2000 trn ton th gii
t mc 500 triu.
Theo mt nghin cu mi y ca Tp on Qualcomm, tng s thu bao 3G
trn th gii n ht Q1/2010 vt con s 1 t. D tnh n 2013, th gii s
c khong 2,5 t thu bao 3G, trong , ring khu vc chu c khong 1 t
thu bao.
CDMA2000 tip tc cng c v tr ca mnh trn th trng nh l cng ngh
3G dn u th gii, cung cp cc dch v di ng bng rng v thoi cho nhiu
th trng khc nhau. N cng l mt thnh phn khng th thiu i vi cc dch
v bng rng di ng hi t th h k tip. n Q2/2010, CDMA2000 c 547
triu ngi s dng trn th gii, trong 148 triu ngi dng cc dch v v
thit b EV-DO (chim 27%). Tc tng trng hng nm ca EV-DO t mc
kh cao, khong 21%. Nh thnh tu pht trin , CDMA2000 chim khong
51% th phn 3G ton th gii. D bo CDMA2000 s cn tip tc pht trin
mnh v t khong 829 triu thu bao vo nm 2015.
Bn cnh CDMA2000, hin trn th gii c khong hn 300 mng UMTS,
trong c hn 35 mng HSPA ang hot ng, vi hn 200 triu khch hng.
Ni cch khc, gn 40% thu bao 3G trn th gii hin ang c s dng cng
ngh truyn ti d liu tc cao HSPA.

1.1.2. Khi nim v phn loi dch v 3G
Khi nim 3G
3G l mt chun ca ITU cho cng ngh truyn thng di ng th h th ba
(dch v truyn thng di ng tng t l th h u tin, dch v truyn thng c
nhn k thut s PCS l th h th hai).
C th hn, thut ng 3G l vit tt ca third generation - th h th 3 v
dch v 3G biu th cho cng ngh truyn thng d liu a phng tin v thoi
tc cao, cho php cc thit b di ng c th kt ni Internet bng rng m
khng phi gn im pht sng (wireless hotspot).
Phn loi dch v 3G
C nhiu cch phn loi dch v 3G ty theo mc ch v nhu cu ca i
tng thc hin. Qua iu tra ca mt s hng nghin cu th trng, ni ln mt
vi xu hng cho dch v 3G Vit Nam: Social Media (Facebook, Blog), Mobile
Broadband, Mobile TV, in thoi truyn hnh, nhc mobile v dch v nh v
ton cu.
Theo cc xu hng ny, c by nhm dch v m cc nh cung cp c th
chia thnh by gi dch v: Gi dch v truy nhp Internet Mobile Broadband;
Gi truyn thng x hi Email, Mobile chat, chia s d liu; Gi dch v gii tr
Mobile TV, mobile music, nhc ch; Gi dch v Everyday Life qung co
qua mobile, dch v thng tin, lu tr lin lc; Gi dch v lin lc Video
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Telephony, push to talk; Gi dch v nh v; Gi dch v kinh t: thanh ton qua
mobile, chuyn tin qua mobile, v tin mobile, dch v ti chnh qua mobile.

1.1.3. S cn thit pht trin 3G ti Vit Nam
Vai tr ca thng tin, truyn thng ni chung v 3G ni ring i vi s
pht trin kinh t, x hi
Vai tr ca vin thng ni chung c khng nh trong t tng ch o
ca ng, Nh nc v th hin trong h thng vn bn quy phm php lut, vn
bn ch o iu hnh chuyn ngnh.
Trn thc t, sau 10 nm pht trin (2000 - 2010), lnh vc cng ngh thng
tin v truyn thng Vit Nam c nhng thay i vt bc, v t c nhiu
kt qu ngon mc, tr thnh ngnh kinh t-k thut rt quan trng ca t nc,
c mc tng trng hng nm gp t 3-4 ln mc tng trng GDP v ng gp
khong 6,7% GDP ca c nc. Mc tiu n nm 2020, t trng CNTT-TT ng
gp vo GDP t t 8 - 10 %; tc tng trng doanh thu hng nm t t 2-3
ln tc tng trng GDP tr ln (mc tiu n "a Vit Nam sm tr thnh
nc mnh v CNTT-TT). Cng vi CNTT, vin thng tr thnh nn tng cc
ngnh khc pht trin t. Nhng thnh tu ng gp mt vai tr quan
trng cho s nghip CNH-HH t nc.
Vai tr ca 3G i vi vic nng cao cht lng cuc sng ngi dn
Theo nghin cu ca Din n Kinh t th gii, cng dn cc nc ang
pht trin (trong c Vit Nam) thng c xu hng khai thc sc mnh ca
truy cp di ng nng cao cht lng cuc sng. o lut ti u t v phc
hi nm 2009 ca M cng nhn nh rng nu mt quc gia u t 1USD cho
bng rng th nn kinh t s hng li gp 10 ln s vn u t ban u.
Internet bng rng c vai tr v tm quan trng to ln i vi cuc sng hng
ngy ca con ngi. Trong s pht trin ca Internet bng rng, 3G li l mt
trong nhng nhn t chnh gp phn thc y mnh m, c bit l vi nhm
khch hng hay di chuyn hoc nhm khch hng ti nhng vng min m vic
ko dy cp gp nhiu kh khn, tn km nh cc vng nng thn, vng su,
vng xa, bin gii, hi o.
Ti Vit Nam, 3G cng vi Internet bng rng ni chung , ang v s tip
tc gp phn lm thay i phng thc sng, phng thc lm vic ca ngi
dn. 3G hay bng rng di ng ang dn hin thc ha kh nng kt ni mi lc,
mi ni, cho php con ngi lm vic, gii tr bt k lc no, bt k u. Vi s
pht trin khng ngng, 3G cng bng rng di ng ang thm nhp ngy mt
su hn vo cc mt ca i sng thng qua cc dch v cht lng cao, in hnh
l cc dch v cng trc tuyn ang c quan tm v y mnh pht trin Vit
Nam.

8
1.2. TNG QUAN V CHNH SCH PHT TRIN VIN THNG VIT
NAM
1.2.1. Chnh sch m ca th trng, pht huy ni lc
M ca th trng l mt chnh sch ht sc quan trng bi Vit Nam
chnh thc tham gia cc t chc khu vc cng nh quc t l ASEAN, APEC,
WTO. Hu ht nhng nc thnh vin thuc cc t chc ny u i theo nn kinh
t th trng cnh tranh mc cao. iu t ra i hi cc doanh nghip
Vit Nam cn phi ch ng pht trin cc ngun lc c bit l ngun nhn lc,
nng cao nng lc cnh tranh c th hi nhp thnh cng vi nn kinh t khu
vc cng nh th gii.
Tuy nhin vic m ca th trng cn c thc hin theo mt l trnh khoa
hc ph hp vi tng giai on pht trin v iu kin ca Vit Nam. L trnh m
ca ny tun theo nguyn tc sau: m ca cnh tranh i vi cc dch v vin
thng trong nc trc ri mi n cc dch v vin thng quc t. Cng tng
t nh vy thc hin cnh tranh i vi cc dch v gia tng gi tr trc v cc
dch v c bn sau, ng thi cng m cc dch v di ng trc ri mi n cc
dch v c nh.

1.2.2. Chnh sch c phn ha
Nhm pht huy ni lc, chnh ph Vit Nam c chnh sch khuyn khch s
tham gia ca cc thnh phn kinh t vo vic pht trin cng nghip vin thng
t nc. c th huy ng c vn u t t cc thnh phn kinh t khc
nhau, chnh ph cho php c phn ha mt s cng ty v doanh nghip nh
nc trong lnh vc bu chnh vin thng. Cn b cng nhn vin thuc cc cng
ty v doanh nghip ny c u tin mua c phiu do cng ty hay doanh nghip
ca h pht hnh. iu ny to iu kin cho ngi lao ng tr thnh nhng ch
s hu ca doanh nghip v nh vy s d dng nng cao c hiu qu hot
ng ca cc doanh nghip .
Thng qua tin trnh c phn ha, Vit Nam cng khuyn khch cc thnh
phn kinh t khc nhau ca t nc tham gia xy dng h tng c s thng tin
quc gia. Cc ngun lc v vn u t cn c huy ng trong ton quc v t
cc nh u t nc ngoi phc v cho vic pht trin h tng c s thng tin v
cc ng dng cng nh dch v trn .

1.2.3. Chnh sch ph cp dch v
Mt trong nhmg mc tiu pht trin vin thng ca Vit Nam l to ra hng
lot dch v vin thng phong ph v hnh thc, giu v ni dung v tt v cht
lng p ng nhu cu ca khch hng mi lc, mi ni bt k thnh ph th
hay vng su vng xa. thc hin c mc tiu ny th tt c cc doanh
nghip vin thng u c trch nhim ng gp cho vic pht trin c s h tng
vin thng vng su, vng xa, ni m vic kinh doanh c th khng c li.
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Chnh sch ny to ra s cng bng v bo m cnh tranh lnh mnh gia
cc doanh nghip bu chnh vin thng ng thi m bo quyn li ca ngi
s dng l c s dng cc dch v vin thng bt c ni u trn t nc.
Trong giai on trc y ch c VNPT m ng ngha v dch v cng
ch. Hin nay, theo cc quy nh hin hnh, Qu dch v vin thng cng ch ang
l u mi thc hin cc chng trnh, d n vin thng cng ch; tt c cc nh
khai thc vin thng u c trch nhim thc hin ngha v dch v ph cp thng
qua c ch cp php v phn chia cc kt ni theo Quyt nh s 186/2007/Q-
TTg ca Th tng Chnh ph (sa i Quyt nh s 191/2004/Q-TTg).

1.2.4. Chnh sch thc y cnh tranh
Cnh tranh l quy lut tt yu ca kinh t th trng. Tuy nhin, do tnh c
th ca dch v v mng li vin thng, ban u khng nhiu quc gia chp
nhn m ca th trng vin thng cho cnh tranh. Mt s quc gia khng cho
php cnh tranh i vi cc dch v vin thng c bn v cung cp c s h tng
vin thng. Thc t cung cp dch v vin thng trong mi trng cnh tranh
Vit Nam v trn th gii chng t nhng li ch m cnh tranh mang li i
vi s pht trin ca lnh vc vin thng ni ring v ton b nn kinh t ni
chung.
- Cnh tranh gp phn thc y m rng loi hnh v phm vi cung cp dch
v
- Cnh tranh c tc dng thc y nng cao cht lng dch v
- Cnh tranh c tc dng thc y cc nh khai thc gim gi cc dch v
hp dn khch hng
10
Chng 2
HIN TRNG PHT TRIN 3G TI VIT NAM V CC CHNH SCH
C XY DNG C LIN QUAN N PHT TRIN 3G

2.1. HIN TRNG PHT TRIN VIN THNG DI NG V 3G TI
VIT NAM
2.1.1. Hin trng pht trin h tng, mng li vin thng di ng
H tng mng vin thng di ng l mt phn ca h tng mng vin thng
ni chung. Vit Nam hin nay, ngoi h tng mng vin thng dng ring phc
v an ninh, quc phng v cc c quan ng, Nh nc th h tng mng vin
thng cng cng trong c lin quan ti mng di ng bao gm:
- Mng truyn dn quc t
- Mng truyn dn trong nc
- Mng chuyn mch
- Mng truy nhp
Trc tip lin quan n h tng mng di ng, tnh n ht qu II/ 2010, c
nc c hn 76.000 trm BTS, trong s trm BTS 2G chim khong 74,4% v
cn li l trm BTS 3G. Vng ph ca sng di ng 2G t 95% theo din tch
v 100% theo dn c, cung cp dch v ti 63/63 tnh thnh c nc. Bn cnh ,
mng di ng 3G mc d mi c trin khai xy dng cha lu nhng t
c mt s kt qu nht nh: vng ph sng 3G t 85% din tch lnh th v
ph ti gn 90% dn c.
Bng 2.1: Hin trng pht trin h tng mng vin thng di ng
TT Ch tiu
Tnh n
30/6/2010
1 S trm BTS 2G 56.645
% theo dn c 100%

Vng ph sng
2G % theo din tch 95%
2 S trm BTS 3G 19.500
% theo dn c 85%

Vng ph sng
3G % theo din tch 89.6%
Ngun: Bo co ca cc doanh nghip vin thng

2.1.2. Hin trng pht trin th trng, dch v vin thng di ng
Theo Tng cc thng k, n cui thng 7/2010, Vit Nam c khong
140,3 triu thu bao di ng, tng gn 43% so vi 98,2 triu thu bao cui 2009.
Trong , Tp on Bu chnh Vin thng Vit Nam VNPT c s lng thu bao
di ng ln nht vi 71,2 triu thu bao, tng ng gn 50,8% th phn; tip
n l Tp on Vin thng Qun i Viettel c khong 50 triu thu bao (tng
ng 35,5% th phn); cn li 19,1 triu thu bao l ca cc doanh nghip vin
thng cn li.
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2.1.3. Hin trng pht trin 3G ti Vit Nam
2.1.3.1. Hin trng xy dng, pht trin mng li
Tnh n thi im Q2/2010, Viettel lp t c khong 10.500 trm
BTS NodeB v VNPT c khong 6.500 trm, trong c 4.000 trm ca
Vinaphone v 2.500 trm ca MobiFone, lin danh EVN Telecom/Hanoi Telecom
c 2.500 trm. Lnh o ca Viettel cho bit, n cui nm 2010, s trm BTS
NodeB ca doanh nghip ny s t con s 17.000 trm v bc tip theo Viettel
s lp thm 10.000 trm BTS 3G v nng s trm BTS 3G ca mng ny ln con
s 27.000 trm vo qu I/2011.
Vng ph sng 3G ca cc doanh nghip vin thng Vit Nam tnh n ht
qu II/2010 t 85% theo dn c v t gn 90% theo din tch.
2.1.3.2. Hin trng pht trin dch v v thu bao 3G
n thi im hin ti, tt c cc nh mng c cp giy php 3G u
cung cp dch v mt cch thng mi ha n ngi dng trn c nc. Tuy
nhin, hu ht nhng dch v 3G ang c a chung v dng nhiu hin nay l
nhng dch v khng mt ph, gi tr gia tng thp (truy cp thng tin, mng x
hi, gii tr); nhng dch v c gi tr gia tng cao, em li tin ch gp phn
nng cao cht lng cuc sng ngi dn th cha c ch (c th l nhm
dch v t/cha hnh thnh th trng nh bng di y). Bn cnh , cc dch
v 3G mi ch yu pht trin ti khu vc thnh th cn khu vc nng thn cng
nh vng xa, bin gii, hi o c t l rt nh thu bao s dng dch v 3G.
Trong khi nng thn l mng th trng cn nhiu tim nng cho 3G pht trin,
do vy cc doanh nghip vin thng cng nh c quan qun l c th cn ch
hn ti th trng ny tm ra li gii tt nht cho bi ton 3G ti Vit Nam.
Bng 2.3: Thng k dch v 3G ti Vit Nam
Nhm dch v
hnh thnh th trng
Nhm dch v
cha (t) hnh thnh th trng
Truy cp, tm kim thng tin:
phn ln l min ph ni dung
Truyn thng x hi (email, chat,
blogs, mng x hi): phn ln
l min ph ni dung
Gii tr (music, game, rington,
mobile TV): C ph nhng cn
gii hn
Qung co qua mobile, dch v
thng tin, lu tr lin lc
Video telephony
Dch v nh v (n im, a im)
Dch v kinh t: thng mi in t,
thanh ton qua mobile, chuyn tin
qua mobile, v tin mobile, dch v
ti chnh qua mobile
Chnh ph in t, y t in t, gio
dc in t, o to t xa, hi ngh t
xa
Qun l tp trung t xa (in lc, vn
ti, hng ha/ti sn, y t, v.v)
Cc dch v M2M (machine to
machine)

V s lng thu bao 3G
12
Tnh n Q1/2010, cc nh mng di ng ca Vit Nam cho bit pht
trin c 14 triu thu bao 3G, trong Vinaphone c 7 triu thu bao,
MobiFone c 6 triu thu bao v Viettel c 1 triu thu bao (lin danh gia EVN
Telecom v Vietnamobile cha c s liu thng k). Tuy nhin, con s thu bao
3G c pht sinh lu lng qua kim tra thc t ca B TT&TT c cng b u
thng 7/2010 thp hn nhiu so vi con s m cc doanh nghip tuyn b. Theo
, nh mng c s thu bao di ng ln nht hin nay l Viettel ch c 1,5 triu
thu bao 3G, mng trin khai 3G u tin l VinaPhone cng ch c 1,5 triu thu
bao 3G. Mng di ng c cht lng khch hng giu c nht l MobiFone c s
thu bao 3G nhiu nht l 4 triu thu bao.
Nu tnh theo kiu cc thu bao phi t mc cc nht nh no (chng
hn 20.000 30.000 ng/thng) lin tc trong cc thng th s thu bao 3G ca
Vit Nam thp hn nhiu so vi con s 7 triu. Mi y nht, theo mt ngun tin
t pha cc doanh nghip vin thng, tnh n ht thng 5/2011, tng s thu bao
3G ca Vit Nam t khong 8 10 triu. Tuy nhin, kt qu ny vn cha c
kim nh cng nh cng b chnh thc t pha c quan qun l.

2.2. KINH NGHIM PHT TRIN 3G CA MT S QUC GIA TRN
TH GII
2.2.1. Kinh nghim ca Nht Bn
2.2.2. Kinh nghim ca Hn Quc
2.2.3. Bi hc p dng cho Vit Nam
2.2.3.1. Bi hc v s thnh cng trong trin khai cc dch v 3G
Internet l kho tng ni dung ht sc phong ph m cc nh cung cp dch v
di ng t phi u t xy dng. Nh mng/nh cung cp ni dung cn nm bt
c nhng nhu cu thng tin ca khch hng, t nh hng i vi ni dung
mnh cung cp. ng thi, nh mng cng cn bit cch to ra s hp dn i vi
cng thng tin portal ca mnh v c th t sn xut cc dch v ni dung.
Trong mi trng 3G, thoi v SMS vn l nhng ng dng ch o v dch
v thoi c hnh Video Telephony khng phi l killer application nh kt qu
ca cc cuc iu tra th trng c tin hnh trc khi cc dch v 3G i vo
thng mi ha.
Cc nh cung cp dch v di ng c th t hng nh sn xut in thoi
nhng mu c thit k sn nt truy cp nhanh (cng hoc mm) lin kt trc
tip n portal ca nh mng.
Cng vi Wifi, 3G to ra c hi con ngi c th kt ni, truy cp Internet
mi lc, mi ni. 3G khng n thun thay th cho Wifi, m l s b khuyt: ti
nhng khu vc khng c sng hoc khng th trin khai Wifi-hotspot th sng di
ng 3G l gii php n gin, hu hiu. Nh , cc dch v d liu s c s
dng rng ri hn, linh hot hn v tit kim hn.
Cc nh khai thc thng h tr v gi thit b thm ch tng my in thoi
3G vi nhng cam kt nht nh v thi gian s dng dch v hay mc s dng
13
ti thiu. Bn cnh , chnh sch mt gi cc flat-rate i vi n v d liu
s dng cng c nhiu nh cung cp dch v p dng nhm mang li quyn li
ti a cho cc thu bao.
Mt kinh nghim na thc y s pht trin cc dch v di ng ni chung
v dch v 3G ni ring l pht trin mng di ng o MVNO.

2.2.3.2. Bi hc v kinh nghim qun l nh nc h tr cho s pht trin ca
3G
Ngoi nhng nguyn nhn dn n thnh cng trong pht trin 3G ca Nht
Bn, Hn Quc c nu trn, mt yu t cng mang tnh quyt nh ti s
thnh cng ny chnh l s h tr t pha Nh nc thng qua cc chnh sch
nht l chnh sch pht trin h tng vin thng bng rng, to iu kin tin
quyt cho 3G pht trin.

2.3. CC CHNH SCH C XY DNG C LIN QUAN N
PHT TRIN 3G TI VIT NAM
Hin ti, vn bn php lut cao nht c p dng qun l i vi lnh vc
Vin thng chnh l Lut Vin thng c Quc hi ban hnh v c hiu lc
t ngy 01/7/2010. Bn cnh , Ngh nh s 25/2011/N-CP quy nh chi tit
v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Vin thng 2010 cng c xy
dng v ban hnh ngy 06/4/2011 ang dn i vo thc tin. y l hai vn bn
ng vai tr l khung sn, iu tit tt c nhng vn lin quan n lnh vc,
trong bao gm phm tr dch v vin thng.
Cho n hin ti, Vit Nam cha c chnh sch no c xy dng mt cch
c th, c th hng n thc y s pht trin ca 3G; c chng ch l mt s
chin lc, k hoch pht trin 3G ring bit ca mt s doanh nghip vin thng
ln c xy dng nhm mc tiu kinh doanh, khai thc th trng. Chnh v vy,
khc phc nhng bt cp trong qu trnh pht trin 3G, to iu kin v thc
y 3G pht trin mnh m ti Vit Nam th v mt qun l nh nc cn c
nhng chnh sch nht nh, bn cnh cc n lc pht trin th trng ca cc
doanh nghip vin thng.
14
Chng 3
XUT CHNH SCH THC Y PHT TRIN DCH V 3G CHO
TH TRNG VIN THNG VIT NAM

3.1. XU HNG PHT TRIN DCH V TRN NN 3G TI VIT NAM
Cc dch v 3G ph bin Vit Nam hin nay bao gm truy cp, tm kim
thng tin, cc dch v truyn thng x hi, dch v gii tr, qung co v lu tr
lin lc. Phn ln trong s nhng dch v ny hin ti cho php khch hng s
dng min ph. Nhng dch v c gi tr gia tng cao v ng gp trc tip vo
vic nng cao cht lng cuc sng ca ngi dn th t c s dng thm ch
cha hnh thnh th trng.
thc y pht trin 3G ti Vit Nam, trong thi gian ti cn hin thc ha
v y mnh hn na vic trin khai cc dch v hnh chnh cng, chnh ph in
t thanh ton in t c bit l trn nn h tng, cng ngh 3G. y l cc
nhm dch v c tim nng pht trin ln, mang tnh lu di, khng ch to ra s
pht trin ring cho 3G m cn thc y cc lnh vc c lin quan nh thng
mi in t, y t in t, gio dc in t cng pht trin. Khi qut hn v cao
hn l pht trin cc dch v M2M (Machines to Machines) trn nn 3G.
Hng i ny khng ch ph hp vi xu th pht trin chung trn th gii, ng
thi cng l nh hng pht trin dch v 3G cho Vit Nam m lun vn mun
a ra.
Ngoi ra, thc y s pht trin ca 3G ti Vit Nam th cn c chnh sch
ph cp dch v 3G theo vng, min, nht l ti cc vng nng thn, vng su,
vng xa, bin gii, hi o. C th ni y l mt hng i kh mnh dn v nu
thc hin c th nhng li ch cng nh tc ng tch cc i vi cht lng
cuc sng ca ngi dn, s pht trin c v kinh t, vn ha, x hi l rt ln.
Tuy nhin, thi im hin ti, khi m ngun lc u t ban u cho 3G khng
l, cc nh mng vn ang phi thc hin phng n pht trin 3G theo vng u
tin da trn nhu cu th vic ph cp 3G l kh kh thi. Mt khc, xt theo mt
kha cnh no , cc dch v 3G mang tnh ng dng cng ngh cao, c th
khai thc hiu qu th ngi s dng cn c nhng k nng nht nh. Do ,
trong tng lai xa hn, khi nhu cu v dch v 3G thc s mnh m, v k nng
ICT ca ngi dn c ci thin th vic ph cp 3G theo vng min s kh thi
v mang li hiu qu cao, trnh lng ph cc ngun lc x hi.

3.2. XUT CHNH SCH THC Y PHT TRIN DCH V 3G
CHO TH TRNG VIN THNG VIT NAM
Bn cnh nhng li ch to ln m 3G mang li, vn cn mt s hn ch cn
khc phc trong qu trnh pht trin hng ti mc tiu pht trin mt cch bn
vng, lu di.
- Hiu qu mang li cha tng xng vi tim nng u t.
15
- C s chnh lch ln gia cc vng min v mc hng th li ch ca
3G.
Trong khun kh nghin cu, lun vn kin ngh mt s chnh sch trong
u tin cho khu vc nng thn nhm gii quyt phn no nhng hn ch trong
pht trin 3G v thc y s pht trin ca 3G cng nh bng rng ti Vit Nam.

3.2.1. Chnh sch pht trin h tng
Trong khi nn kinh t th gii b khng hong th nhu cu v s dng chung
h tng ht sc cp bch do u t vo h tng mng i hi ngun kinh ph
khng l, nht l i vi mng ng trc v mng thng tin di ng. Ti Vit
Nam cc quy nh v dng chung c s h tng, hay xu th doanh nghip mng
vin thng o cha c xy dng c th nn cc doanh nghip cnh tranh nhau
xy dng h tng gy tn km v t hiu qu kinh t thp, nh hng ti m
quan th.
Mt trong cc gii php pht trin mnh trn h tng vin thng sn c l
m mch vng ni ht (Unbundling local loop). Vic m mch vng ni ht s
to s cnh tranh mc h tng mng v em li nhiu dch v tin ch v tin
nghi cho khch hng v c bit i vi h tng cp quang ha. Nhim v sp ti
trong xy dng chnh sch iu tit s cnh tranh lnh vc bng rng chnh l m
mch vng ni ht. Trong vi nm va qua, Vit Nam tin hnh nghin cu
vn ny nhng h thng vn bn thi im hin ti cha cho php thc hin
c.
Vic phn b ti nguyn mt cch cng bng, minh bch theo hnh thc thi
tuyn v u thu cn phi xy dng mt khung php l tng ng.
Ring i vi khu vc nng thn, vng su, vng xa, Nh nc cn c cc
chnh sch kch cu u t pht trin c s h tng thng tin truyn thng v
ph cp cc dch v. Mun thng tin, truyn thng nng thn pht trin, Nh
nc cn thc hin ng thi vic khuyn khch u t xy dng c s h tng
i vi cc doanh nghip v khuyn khch s dng dch v i vi ngi dn,
thc cht l Nh nc thc hin kch cu sn xut v kch cu tiu dng. Bin
php ny s to ra mi quan h thc y pht trin qua li gia pht trin c s h
tng v gia tng nhu cu s dch v.
Hnh 3.1: M hnh kch cu ca Nh nc
Mt s bin php kch cu c th c th thc hin bao gm:
- Cho thu t di hn vi gi hp l xy dng c s h tng thng tin,
truyn thng nng thn.
- o to ngun nhn lc thng tin, truyn thng cho nng thn.

H tr ca Nh nc
cho cc doanh nghip
v ngi dn
Gia tng u t
CSHT
ca cc doanh
nghip
Gia tng nhu
cu
s dng dch v
ca ngi dn
16
- Tip tc thc hin chnh sch h tr cung cp v s dng dch v vin
thng cng ch.
- Nh nc thc hin chnh sch h tr khng hon li kinh ph xy dng,
duy tr c s h tng vin thng vng c bit kh khn.
- p dng chnh sch gi cc u i i vi cc dch v ICT c bn
khuyn khch ngi dn nng thn s dng cc dch v.
- Xy dng v thc hin n thit lp h thng truyn dn bng rng tch
hp dch v cp x lm c s v ng lc pht trin thng tin, truyn thng
nng thn trn c s cp quang ha mng truyn dn (i vi cc khu vc
cp quang khng vn ti c th s dng phng thc truyn dn vi ba,
v tinh).
- Trn nn mng truyn dn bng rng tch hp dch v, cc doanh nghip
vin thng y mnh vic pht trin mng ngoi vi trong trng tm l h
thng tng i, trm BTS, cc im tp trung thu bao thoi v Internet.
- Khuyn khch cc doanh nghip hp tc xy dng v dng chung c s h
tng mng tit kim vn v thi gian u t.
- Tng cng khuyn mi, gim gi thit b, cc ph to yu t kch cu
chim lnh th trng vin thng nng thn y tim nng.

3.2.2. Chnh sch pht trin dch v - ng dng
i vi Vit Nam, thc y 3G pht trin, trong thi gian ti ch trng u
tin pht trin mt s nhm dch v sau:
Nhm cc dch v cng trc tuyn:
Trong giai t nay n ht 2013, u tin trin khai cc nhm dch v cng
trc tuyn mc 3.
Cn c bit cn quan tm, ch trng pht trin cc dch v cng trc tuyn
ng dng, h tr nn tng di ng bng rng, 3G.
Giai on 2015-2020, cung cp hu ht cc dch v cng c bn trc tuyn
mc 3 hoc 4, ngi dn v doanh nghip c th trao i thng tin, gi, nhn
h s, thanh ton ph dch v, nhn kt qu dch v qua mng.
Bn cnh , hng ti xy dng cc c quan in t nhm nng cao nng
lc qun l, iu hnh ca cc c quan nh nc.
Tng dn v khuyn khch s dng cc hnh thc truyn thng c bn nh
th in t, hi ngh, hp truyn hnh trc tuyn v a thng tin ln cc Cng
thng tin in t trao i thng tin khong cch xa.
Nhm cc dch v thanh ton in t:
Trong giai on trc mt, Vit Nam c th tp trung vo mt s lnh vc
sau:
- Thanh ton khng dng tin mt cho hi quan in t
- Thanh ton khng dng tin mt cho d n thu in t
- Chng khon (thanh ton chng khon)
17
Bn cnh , khuyn khch vic mua bn hng trc tuyn ca ngi dn. Vi
s lng giao dch ngy mt tng s thc y thanh ton in t pht trin v
hon thin.
Nhm cc dch v cung cp thng tin trc tuyn:
Dch v cung cp thng tin s hot ng nh mt th vin in t trc tuyn.
Yu cu v thng tin c gi n, qua qu trnh x l s tr li kt qu vi ni
dung thng tin ph hp. trin khai c dch v ny, Vit Nam cn xy dng
cc c s d liu thng tin v nhng lnh vc cung cp. Trong giai on trc
mt, Vit Nam s tp trung vo mt s lnh vc sau: Thng tin v k thut nng
nghip; Thng tin v giao thng; Thng tin v y t; Thng tin v gio dc.
y l mt s nhm thng tin c quan tm kh, c bit l ngi dn ti
nhng vng nng thn, min ni, thm ch l ngi dn vng bin gii, hi o.
Vic nghin cu, trin khai cung cp thng tin in t trc tuyn qua mng di
ng cng l mt trong nhng hng i thc y s pht trin ca 3G ti Vit
Nam trong tng lai.
Nhm cc dch v hi t (triple/quadruple play):
Hin ti, cc dch v hi t, c th l Triple Play ti Vit Nam ph bin bao
gm: IPTV; VoIP; Truyn ti d liu. Trong thi gian ti, dch v hi t s dn
thay th cho cc dch v n l. y cng l s th hin xu th hi t, tch hp
trong lnh vc vin thng v cng l mt trong nhng xu th pht trin ca dch
v bng rng, 3G ti Vit Nam.
Khi qut hn, dch v tng tc gia cc thit b, my mc (M2M) ang
dn tr thnh mt xu th ton cu. Vic nghin cu, thc y pht trin loi hnh
dch v M2M ti Vit Nam s to iu kin cho s pht trin ca hu ht cc dch
v ni chung v dch v trn nn 3G ni ring, trong bao gm c bn nhm
dch v: cng trc tuyn, thanh ton in t, cung cp thng tin in t, dch v
hi t.
3.2.3. Mt s chnh sch v gii php khc
1. Cn hon thin h thng vn bn quy phm php lut c lin quan n
pht trin thng tin, truyn thng nng thn.
2. Tng cng cng tc tuyn truyn nng cao nhn thc.
3. Hon thin t chc b my qun l thc thi cc chnh sch pht trin
thng tin v truyn thng nng thn.
4. Tng cng sn xut v cung cp ni dung thng tin, c bit l ni dung
thng tin v nng nghip, nng thn cho ngi dn.
5. Phi hp cht ch vi cc cc on th, hi ngh nghip trung ng v
c s trin khai cc chng trnh, n, d n pht trin thng tin, truyn
thng nng thn.
6. Nghin cu, u t pht trin, p dng cng ngh mi trong lnh vc
thng tin, truyn thng ph hp vi iu kin kinh t, x hi nng thn.
7. Tng cng hp tc quc t hc tp kinh nghim qun l v cc m
hnh pht trin thng tin truyn thng nng thn ca cc nc.
18
KT LUN

Lun vn t c mt s kt qu nghin cu sau y:
- Nu v phn tch mt s nt tng quan v 3G v cc chnh sch pht trin
vin thng ca Vit Nam;
- Xy dng v nh gi hin trng pht trin 3G ti Vit Nam, chnh sch
c v pht trin 3G, nu bt nhng thnh tu t c; ng thi nghin cu knh
nghim pht trin 3G ca Nht Bn, Hn Quc v t rt ra bi hc c th p
dng cho Vit Nam;
- a ra nhng xu hng pht trin dch v trn nn 3G ti Vit Nam. Thng
qua vic phn tch nhng mt hn ch, tn ti trong hin trng pht trin 3G, lun
vn xut mt s chnh sch thc y pht trin 3G cho th trng vin thng
Vit Nam.
Vi nhng kt qu nh trn, lun vn c mt s ng gp nh sau:
- Lun vn l bo co khoa hc xut mt s chnh sch thc y pht trin
dch v 3G cho th trng vin thng Vit Nam;
- Lun vn l ti liu tham kho hu ch cho c quan qun l Nh nc
chuyn ngnh, c th l B Thng tin v Truyn thng trong qu trnh hoch nh
chnh sch pht trin, xy dng c ch qun l lnh vc vin thng ni chung v
3G ni ring; ng thi l s c tham kho cho cc doanh nghip khai thc, cung
cp dch v vin thng ti Vit Nam.


KIN NGH CC HNG NGHIN CU TIP THEO

hon thin hn na ti ny, lun vn xut mt s hng nghin cu
m rng tip theo nh sau:
1. Nghin cu xy dng chin lc pht trin 3G ti Vit Nam n nm
2020, trong lu nhng u tin pht trin 3G cho khu vc nng thn, lng
ghp vi cc ni dung, mc tiu ca Chng trnh mc tiu quc gia a thng
tin v c s khu vc min ni, vng su, vng xa, bin gii, hi o v Chng
trnh mc tiu quc gia xy dng nng thn mi.
2. Nghin cu cc phng php nh gi nh lng v tc ng ca bng
rng, 3G n pht trin kinh t x hi ti Vit Nam.
3. Nghin cu l trnh pht trin bng rng, 3G cho khu vc nng thn, rt
ngn khong cch s gia thnh th v nng thn.
4. Nghin cu xy dng v ban hnh c ch u i c th i vi pht trin
bng rng ni chung v bng rng di ng 3G ni ring ti khu vc nng thn,
bin gii, hi o (trong c xc nh r c ch u i v thit lp h tng, gi
cc dch v, pht trin nhn lc).

i
PH LC

Cng trnh khoa hc cng b:
Tran Minh Tuan and Nguyen Duc Manh, Policy for Promotion 3G Mobile Service
in Vietnam, Proceedings of the IEEE Global Information Infrastructure
Symposium (GIIS 2011), Danang, August, 4
th
6
th
, 2011.
Global Information Infrastructure Symposium
GIIS 2011

August 4th to 6th, 2011 Da Nang, Vietnam

TECHNICAL PROGRAM


Friday 05 August 2011

14:00 15:30 Policy and Humanitarian Technologies Session
Policy for promotion 3G mobile services in Vietnam, Tran Minh Tuan,
Nguyen Duc Manh (NIICS)
ii
978-1-4577-1261-6/11/$26.00 2011 IEEE
Policy for promotion 3G mobile services in Vietnam
Dr. Tran Minh Tuan
BBA. Nguyen Duc Manh
National Institute of Information and Communications Strategy
Ministry of Information and Communications
Hanoi, Viet Nam
Email: tm_tuan@mic.gov.vn; ndmanh@mic.gov.vn

Abstract: After more than one year of
deploying 3G mobile services with huge
investment from telecoms operators, 3G
services do not develop as expectation in
Vietnam. The new policy for promoting
3G services in Vietnam is proposed. This
policy concentrates not only to promote
nation-wide mobile broadband in general
but also focuses to promote 3G services in
rural and remote areas in particular.

Keyword: mobile broadband, 3G
mobile, policy, ICT services, rural and
remote area.

INTRODUCTION

1. The need to develop broadband
Broadband in general and mobile
broadband in particular are considered key
to the success of information technology
and communications in the convergence
trend. In the world, the 3G network has
been developing commercially for nearly
a decade. It has proven to be a positive
role in promoting development of socio -
economic structure, community life and
activities of organizations and individuals.
Broadband and 3G contribute significantly
to growth of the economic and improving
peoples material and spiritual life.
In Vietnam, developing broadband is
considered a very important task and it has
identified in Master Plan to make Vietnam
become an advanced country in ICT
which identified: Taking advantage of
existing infrastructure, building and
expanding broadband network to all
communes, wards and villages across the
country to serve the needs of people and
the direction and administration of the
Party and State. This master plan has a
large scope which mobilizes maximally of
resources from the State, enterprises and
society. With such determination,
broadband will contribute significantly to
the process of industrialization -
modernization of the country.
It can be said that information and
communications technology in general
and broadband in particular plays a role of
infrastructure platform to create tools and
utilities for developing other sectors as
well as improving quality of peoples life.
2. The current status and
characteristics of telecommunication
sector in Vietnam
In the recent years, Vietnam's
telecommunications network is developed
homogeneously across all three areas:
international telecommunications,
domestic telecommunications, data
transmission and Internet. The number of
telephone subscribers particularly mobile
phone subscribers has reached an
impressive number of 140.3 million (as of
J uly 2010).
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978-1-4577-1261-6/11/$26.00 2011 IEEE

Figure 1. Market share of Mobile phone
Subscriber (as of J uly 2010)
In August 2009, four enterprises
including Viettel, MobiFone, VinaPhone,
and a joint venture Hanoi Telecom - EVN
Telecom were awarded licenses to build
infrastructure and provide 3G services in
the 1.900-2.200MHz band. This is
regarded as one of milestones which
marks a development turning point of
telecoms market in Vietnam. 3G and
mobile broadband services will contribute
to promoting the development of the
telecoms sector in general, improving
quality of peoples life and narrowing the
digital divide between regions across the
country.
In opposition to explosive growth of
mobile phone subscriber, fixed-line
subscriber is likely slowdown and falling
off. According to the General Statistics
Office of Vietnam (GSO), as of J uly 2010
Vietnam has more than 17.5 million fixed-
line subscribers (20.1 subscribers per 100
inhabitants). Along with that, the
narrowband Internet access (dial-up) is
rapidly being replaced by broadband
Internet access (ADSL, 3G ...). The
number of broadband Internet subscribers
over the country up to J uly 2010 was
estimated at 3.4 million, up 31.6% over
the same period last year.
Some highlight results of development
of Vietnam telecoms sector are as follows:
Fixed-line subscriber: 17.5m
Mobile phone subscriber: 140.3m
Broadband Internet subscriber
(xDSL): 3.4m
3G subscriber: 7m
Source: Ministry of Information and
Communications (MIC) and GSO of
Vietnam (July 2010)

3. The current status of 3G
development in Vietnam
From the right time of recruitment, all
four enterprises were immediately and
urgently establish their 3G network
infrastructure to keep up with the
committed progress to the MIC. By the
end of Q2/2010, the telecoms operators
have installed about 19,500 Node-B base
station, in which Viettel 10,500 stations,
Vinaphone 4,000 stations, Mobifone 2,500
stations and join venture EVN
Telecom/Hanoi Telecom 2,500 stations.

Figure 2. 3G Network Investment Pledge
of Operators

About subscriber development,
according to MIC to the end of Q2/2010
Vietnam has about 7 million 3G
subscribers, most of which are MobiFone
with 4 million subscribers and each of
Vinaphone and Viettel has 1.5 million
subscribers. However, if calculating base
on type of monthly fee must reach a
certain level (e.g. 20,000 to 30,000
Vietnam dong per month) consecutively,
the number of 3G subscribers in Vietnam
will be much lower.
About 3G service, in the first phase,
the operators mainly provide some major
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978-1-4577-1261-6/11/$26.00 2011 IEEE
service groups: communications services
(video calls, Rich voice, MMS...),
entertainment services (Video-Music
downloading, video streaming...), billing
services (Mobile Payment), socio-
information services (Mobile Internet,
Mobile Advertising), and personal
assistance services (Data Transmission,
Data Back-up, E -mail, Intranet...).
However, traditional services (Voice,
SMS) continue to be the main revenue of
operators in Vietnam.
4. Restrictions in 3G development in
Vietnam.
Besides the huge benefits of 3G, there
are some obstacles need to overcome in
the developing process to achieve
sustainable and long-term development.
The effectiveness does not
correspond to potential huge
investment.
Under the commitment, in the first 3
years after recruitment (2009), operators
will invest in building network
infrastructure with total budget of over
US$ 2 billion. With this investment, 3G
has been present in all provinces over the
country up to now. It brings opportunities
to access high speed and high quality ICT
services to users in almost every domain.
However, the fact that 3G does not create
robust traction to the user. Number of 3G
subscribers account for a modest percent
in total mobile subscribers in Vietnam
(about 5%). Besides, 3G-USB subscribers
(broadband Internet access over 3G-
Universal Serial Bus modem) offers just a
small part of revenue for telecoms
operators. It makes that 3G does not
actually promote its advantages and
contribute significantly to increase the
low ARPU indicator in Vietnam (about
US$ 4.11 BMI, 2009). Therefore,
effectiveness of 3G investment in
Vietnam is very limited.
There is a big difference of 3G
benefits enjoyment level among
regions over the country.
So far in 2011, 3G subscribers are
mostly concentrated in big cities, urban
centers and they less develop in rural
areas, mountainous and remote areas, and
border-island regions. So that 3G does not
strongly contribute to the aim of
narrowing the digital divide between
regions and improving quality of people's
life in Vietnam.

SOLVING RESTRICTIONS IN 3G
IN VIETNAM
With such situation development, in
order to partly resolve drawbacks in the
3G development and to promote the
development of the telecoms sector in
general, Vietnam needs to formulate and
implement specific and consistent long-
term policies.
Currently, most of 3G subscribers are
concentrated in major cities and urban
areas. However, these regions have many
alternative options to 3G (e.g. ADSL,
WiFi), so that 3G development potential
is not high. Meanwhile, Vietnam has
more than 70% of population live in rural
areas. Thus, there is very good potential
to develop 3G in rural areas in the long-
term.
In this article, the paper proposes some
priority policies for rural areas to partly
resolve drawbacks mentioned above and
to promote development of 3G as well as
broadband in Vietnam, as follows:

1. To construct and complete the
legal system related to developing
information and communications for
rural
- Guide of implementing the
Telecommunications Law, Postal Law,
Radio Frequencies Law, Information
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Technology Law, Press Law and
Publication Law about related contents to
development information and
communications for rural.
- Work to construct and promulgate
and implement of public benefit telecoms
programs in the period 2011 - 2020;
master plans and projects to develop
information and communications for rural
in the period 2011 - 2020.

2. To strengthen propaganda for
improving awareness of people
- Improve awareness for all level
managers about the importance of
developing information and
communications for rural.
- Spread priority policies of investment
in developing information and
communications for rural.
- Propagandize for inhabitants about
importance and benefits of using ICT
services in living and manufacturing.

3. To improve the management
system for law and policy enforcement
of developing information and
communications for rural
- Build the directorate of basis
information control to manage and
implement information activities from the
central to grassroots levels, and to create
mechanisms and means for
communicating two-dimensional of basis
information.
- Improve and supplement the
functions of Vietnam Public-Utility
Telecommunication Service Fund (VTF)
to implement the universal policy of
public telecommunications services and to
bring the telecoms terminal equipment
and audio visual devices to households,
especially in rural areas.

4. To implement demand stimulus
policies of investment to develop
information and communications
infrastructure and to universalize ICT
service
The investment in building
infrastructure to provide ICT services for
inhabitants in rural, especially in remote
areas has several common characteristics,
as follows:
- The construction is very difficult;
- Big investment, low efficiency;
- Rate of profit is not high and long
capital-recovery.
So enterprises have not actively
invested in these areas. To achieve the
goal of development information and
communications in rural areas, the State
must be simultaneously carried out
encouraging enterprises to invest in
building infrastructure and encouraging
inhabitants to use services. Actually the
State stimulates production and
consumption. This method will establish a
promoted relationship between
developing infrastructure and increasing
demand of services.






Figure 3. Demand stimulus model of State

Some specific methods are as follows:
- Long-term lease at reasonable prices
to build information and communications
infrastructure for rural.
- Train the information and
communications human resources for
rural.
- Continue to implement policies to
support for provision and use of public
telecommunications services.
Government Support
for Enterprises and
Inhabitants
Increasing
Infrastructur
e
investment
by
enterprises
Increasing
services
demand by
inhabitants

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- The State implements policies to
grant to build and maintain of
telecommunications infrastructure for
special difficulties regions.
- Apply preferential policies on
charges of basic ICT services to
encourage using of services.
- Formulate and implement scheme to
set up the integrated services broadband
transmission system of commune level
which takes a role as basis and motivation
for developing information and
communications on the basis of
fiberlization the transmission network (for
fiber non-reached area, using microwave
and satellite transmission).
- Base on the integrated services
broadband transmission network,
telecoms enterprises accelerate the
development of peripheral networks that
focus on PBX systems, base stations, and
centralized area of voice and Internet
subscribers.
- Encourage all of enterprises to
cooperate to build and share network
infrastructure to save time and capital
investment.
- Enhance promotion, discount
equipment and charge to make stimulus
elements in order to occupy the potential
rural telecoms market.
- Mobilize inhabitants to use
broadband telecommunications and
Internet services instead for inefficient
traditional forms.

5. To increase production and
provision contents, especially contents
of agriculture and countryside for
people.

6. To coordinate closely with other
unions and professional associations at
the central and the local to implement
programs, schemes and projects of
developing information and
communications for rural
The social organizations and
professional associations at the local such
as Vietnam Farmer Union, Veterans
Association of Vietnam, Vietnam
Womens Union, Ho Chi Minh
Communist Youth Union... have
characteristics as follows:
- Have a large force;
- Being held tightly;
- Educational level and experience of
members and officers are high because
most of them are educated; Officers and
members are always enthusiastic to lead
the revolutionary movement in the
countryside.
To above characteristics, the project
owners should coordinate closely with
related social and professional
organizations to implement developing
programs and projects of information and
communications in rural areas with
facilitation high efficiency.

7. To research, invest and develop
and apply new technologies of
information and communications
sector which meet the socio-economic
conditions in the countryside.
- Make priority for developing of
convergence technology to provide
triple/quadruple-play services and
furthermore (including
telecommunications, Internet, radio and
television services).
- Install domestically or import the
production line of telecoms terminal
equipment to provide them actively for
rural with reasonable prices.
8. To strengthen international
cooperation to study management
experience and development model of
information and communications for
rural
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- Strengthen cooperation with
international organizations including
government organizations and NGOs to
make use of the resources for developing
information and communications in rural
areas.
- Mobilize actively the international
organizations to grant for projects
universalizing information and
communications services for rural.
- Participate in at home and abroad
seminars which are related to developing
information and communications for
rural.

RECOMMENDATIONS AND
SUGGESTIONS
1. Propose Prime Minister to allow to
adjust the VTFs functions, duties and
activity scope to expand the scope and
content of support.
2. Propose allowing to supplement
criterias (percentage of household has
telephones, percentage of village has
telephone) and raise the level of criteria
for evaluating fixed line service
universalization to suit with actually and
to rapidly shorten differences in density of
telephone and Internet subscribers
between rural and urban areas.
3. Propose allowing to research and
expand the area which is enjoyed to
benefits of public telecommunications
services.
4. Propose to bind the enterprise in
business of Internet services at central
districts of centrally governed cities with
obligation to contribute finance to the
VTF.
5. Allow to auction the saved spectrum
from the digitization of television to get
funding for deploying public projects in
information and communications sector.


Table 1. List Key Projects
Project Name Investor
Capital
source
Funding
(Mil.USD)
Developing
Universal
Telecom
Services
MIC
Universal
Service
Fund
750
Building
Broadband
Telecommu
nication
Infrastructur
e to
Communes
Teleco
m
Operat
ors
Telecom
Operators,
Universal
Service
Fund,
ODA and
other
sources
350
Developing
Internet for
Rural Areas
MIC
ODA from
JBIC,
Vietnam
Governme
nt
Reciprocal
Capital
30
Improving
ICT skills
for Rural
Citizen
Univer
sal
Servic
e Fund
BMGF
Fund,
Universal
Service
Fund,
Telecom
Operators
480
Total 1.640

CONCLUSION

These above policies for 3G will help
to promote development of broadband as
well as telecoms sector in Vietnam and
will save national resources, the
investment budget of the state, reducing
the investment in building passive
infrastructure. Broadband and 3G have a
great role in narrowing digital divide,
improving quality of life for people which
are objectives of the industrialization -
modernization of the country. Besides
they help Vietnam in fulfilling the
millennium goals and integration into the
world economy.
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References

[1] The Decision number 119/Q-TTg by
Prime Minister dated 18/01/2011
approved the Development proposal of
Information and Communications for
rural in the period of 2011 2020.
[2] Ministry of Information and
Communications of Vietnam, Master
Plan to make Vietnam become an
advanced country in ICT.
1