QT & TB TRUYN KHI

MMH: 605067

B MN: QT & TB CNHH

KHOA: K THUT HO HC
TRNG: I HC BCH KHOA TP. HCM
NGI SON: PGS.TS. Trnh Vn Dng

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.1 Mot so khai niem
4.2 Can bang pha trong hap thu
4.3 Can bang vat chat
4.4 Can bang nhiet
4.5 Cac yeu to anh hng
4.6 Thiet b hap thu
4.7 Thiet b hap thu
4.8 Tnh toan thiet b hap thu
4.9 Nha hap thu

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.1 Mot so khai niem
Hap thu la g?
La qua trnh tach mot hay mot vai cau t cua hon hp kh bang
dung moi.
La qua trnh hoa tan co chon loc kh vao trong long.

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.1 Mot so khai niem
Hap thu c chia thanh:
Hap thu vat ly: O2 H2O;
Hap thu hoa hoc: NH3 + H2O NH4OH
CO2 + H2O H2CO3

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.1 Mot so khai niem
Hap thu la qua trnh thuan nghch:
Thuan: hoa tan kh vao long: hap thu;
Nghch: tach kh a hoa tan ra khoi long: nha hap thu;
Thng hai qua trnh c tien hanh ong thi

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.1 Mot so khai niem
Hap thu la qua trnh chon loc:
Chon loc tuyet oi;
Chon loc tng oi;
Thc te gap chon loc tng oi nhieu hn

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.1 Mot so khai niem
La chon dung moi hap thu:
- Co tnh chon loc cao;
- De tai sinh;
- t oc hai;
- Re tien, de kiem, on nh ...;

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.1 Mot so khai niem
Qua trnh hap thu va nha hap thu c dung trong cong nghiep
hoa chat, thc pham, sinh hoc:
X y kh thai e;
Thu hoi cac cau t qu;
Lam sach, kho kh, phan tach hon hp kh;
Tao thanh san pham ...;

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.2 Can bang pha trong hap thu
Xay dng quan he can bang: y* = f(x)
-He ly tng: dung nh luat Henry
-He thc: dung thc nghiem

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.2 Can bang pha trong hap thu
*
Theo nh luat Henry: pi = Hi xi

Hay:

pi
x =
Hi
*
i

Trong o: Hi he so ty le, goi la he so Henry;

p*i ap suat rieng phan;
xi nong o phan mol trong long;
pi, ap suat;
Hi = g(T)
Khi T tang H tang
20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

10

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.2 Can bang pha trong hap thu
Theo nh luat Dalton:
Nen:

P = pi

*
p
Hi
*
i
xi m i xi
yi

P
P

T3
T2
T1

Hi
Trong o: mi =
P

x
20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

11

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.2 Can bang pha trong hap thu1.2
0.96
0.72
0.48
0.24
0

Y*
X
m
1 Y *
1 X
20.09.2014

mX
Y*
1 1 m X
Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

12

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.2 Can bang pha trong hap thu
0,035
0,03
0,025
0,02
0,015
0,01
0,005
0
0

20.09.2014

0,005

0,01

Truywnf khi A

0,015

MSMH: 605067

0,02

0,025

13

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.3 Can bang vat chat

YR

XV

Gia thiet: kh tr khong tan;

L
dung moi khong bay hi;
oi vi qua trnh ngc chieu: GTR = const; L = const;
Y
X
can bang vat chat co dang: G
TR

GTR dY LdX

YV
20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

XR
14

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.3 Can bang vat chat

YR

XV

Gia thiet: kh tr khong tan;

L
dung moi khong bay hi;
oi vi qua trnh ngc chieu: GTR = const; L = const;
Y
X
can bang vat chat co dang: G
TR

GTR dY LdX
Cho G, v (yv), o thu hoi e (yr)
Tnh: L, XR
YV
20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

XR
15

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.3 Can bang vat chat

YR

Cho G, v (yv), o thu hoi e (yr)

Tnh: L, XR

L GTR GTR

XV

L
Y

YV YR
X R XV

X
GTR

YV YR
X R XV

YV
20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

XR
16

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.3 Can bang vat chat
Lng dung moi toi thieu:
S

L
YV YR
*
min
GTR min X XV

S2
S3

n gian dung cong thc kinh nghiem:

min
Vi > 1 he so d dung moi
20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

S1

min th
MSMH: 605067

17

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.3 Can bang vat chat
GTRYC LXD L
GTRYD LXC
L
X
X
Y

GTR
GTR
GTR
GTR
Y

YV

B0

B B*

YR

A
XV

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

XR X* X
18

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.4 Can bang nhiet
Bo qua s un nong kh,
Nhiet hap thu un nong long
Can bang nhiet:

Q qL X X V LC t tV
q
t tV X X V
C

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

19

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
t
t
4.4 Can bang nhiet

q
t tV X X V
C
X
t

Xv X1
tV t1

i+1

ti

t3
t2

X2 .. XR
t2 . tR

t1
tV

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

XV 605067
Xi
MSMH:

XR

20

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.5 Cac yeu to anh hng
4.5.1 Nhiet o
4.5.2 Ap suat
4.5.3 Chieu dong pha

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

21

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.5 Cac yeu to anh hng
pi
*
4.5.1 Nhiet o
xi =
Hi

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

22

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.5 Cac yeu to anh hng
4.5.2 Ap suat
*
p
Hi
*
i
xi m i xi
yi

P
P

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

23

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.5 Cac yeu to anh hng
4.5.3 Chieu dong pha
Y

Y*=f (X)
YD

YC

D
(2)

C
XC

XD
20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

(1)

MSMH: 605067

X
24

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.6 Thiet b hap thu
Ve nguyen tac co the dung cac thiet b sau lam thiet b hap thu:
1) Thap mang
2) Thap em.
3) Thap a.
4) Thap phun.

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

25

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.6 Thiet b hap thu
Khi la chon thiet b hap thu can can c vao:
Nang suat, tnh chat hoa ly cua hon hp kh, yeu cau lam sach.
Cau tao, nguyen ly hoat ong, u nhc iem cua moi loai thiet b.
ieu kien tai cho ve: ky thuat, tai chnh, trnh o nhan cong.

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

26

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.8 Tnh toan thiet b hap thu
4.8.1 ng knh thap:

20.09.2014

0,785w

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

27

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.8 Tnh toan thiet b hap thu
4.8.2 Chieu cao:
a) Tnh chieu cao thap theo phng trnh truyen khoi;
b) Tnh chieu cao thap theo so n v truyen khoi;
c) Tnh chieu cao thap theo so a ly thuyet;
d) Tnh chieu cao thap theo hieu suat thap (so a thc);

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

28

CHNG 4
HAP THU VA NHA HAP THU
4.9 Nha hap thu
Nha hap thu la g: o la qua trnh tach kh da hoa tan ra khoi
long, chnh la qua trnh ngc cua qua trnh hap thu
Co the tien hanh nha bang cach:
1. Tang nhiet o;
2. Giam ap suat;
Thc te thc hien bang cach:
1. un nong;
2. Giam ap suat rieng phan hay ap suat tong;
3. Suc dong kh tr nong e va un nong

giam ap suat rieng phan;

20.09.2014

Truywnf khi A

MSMH: 605067

29