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152 lệnh cơ bản trong Auto Cad PDF
152 lệnh cơ bản trong Auto Cad PDF
A
5. A - ARC V cung trn
7. AA - AREA Tnh din tch v chu vi 1
8. AL - ALIGN Di chuyn, xoay, scale
10. AR - ARRAY Sao chp i tng thnh dy trong 2D
11. ATT - ATTDEF nh ngha thuc tnh
13. ATE - ATTEDIT Hiu chnh thuc tnh ca Block
B
14. B - BLOCK To Block
15. BO - BOUNDARY To a tuyn kn
16. BR - BREAK Xn 1 phn on thng gia 2 im chn
C
17. C - CIRCLE V ng trn
18. CH - PROPERTIES Hiu chnh tnh cht ca i tng
20. CHA - ChaMFER Vt mp cc cnh
22. CO, CP - COPY Sao chp i tng
D
23. D - DIMSTYLE To kiu kch thc
24. DAL - DIMALIGNED Ghi kch thc xin
25. DAN - DIMANGULAR Ghi kch thc gc
26. DBA - DIMBASELINE Ghi kch thc song song
28. DCO - DIMCONTINUE Ghi kch thc ni tip
29. DDI - DIMDIAMETER Ghi kch thc ng knh
30. DED - DIMEDIT Chnh sa kch thc
31. DI - DIST o khong cch v gc gia 2 im
32. DIV - DIVIDE Chia i tng thnh cc phn bng nhau
E
42. E - ERASE Xo i tng
43. ED - DDEDIT Hiu chnh kch thc
44. EL - ELLIPSE V elip
45. EX - EXTEND Ko di i tng
46. EXIT - QUIT Thot khi chng trnh
48. EXT - EXTRUDE To khi t hnh 2D
F
49. F - FILLET To gc ln/ Bo trn gc
50. FI - FILTER Chn lc i tng theo thuc tnh
H
54. H - BHATCH V mt ct
55. H - HATCH V mt ct
56. HE - HATCHEDIT Hiu chnh mat cat
57. HI - HIDE To li m hnh 3D vi cc ng b khut
I
58. I - INSERT Chn khi
59. I -INSERT Chnh sa khi c chn
66. IN - INTERSECT To ra phn giao ca 2 i tng
L
69. L- LINE V ng thng
70. LA - LAYER To lp v cc thuc tnh
71. LA - LAYER Hiu chnh thuc tnh ca layer
72. LE - LEADER To ng dn ch thch
73. LEN - LENGTHEN Ko di/ thu ngn i tng vi chiu di cho trc
75. LW - LWEIGHT Khai bo hay thay i chiu dy nt v
76. LO LAYOUT Tao layout
M
79. M - MOVE Di chuyn i tng c chn
80. MA - MATCHPROP Sao chp cc thuc tnh t 1 i tng ny sang 1
hay nhiu i t-ng khc
82. MI - MIRROR Ly i xng quanh 1 trc
83. ML - MLINE To ra cc ng song song
84. MO - PROPERTIES Hiu chnh cc thuc tnh
85. MS - MSPACE Chuyn t khng gian giy sang khng gian m hnh
86. MT - MTEXT To ra 1 on vn bn
87. MV - MVIEW To ra ca s ng
O
88. O - OFFSET Sao chp song song
P
91. P - PAN Di chuyn c bn v
92. P - PAN Di chuyn c bn v t im 1 sang im th 2
94. PE - PEDIT Chnh sa cc a tuyn
95. PL - PLINE V a tuyn
96. PO - POINT V im
97. POL - POLYGON V a gic u khp kn
101. PS - PSPACE Chuyn t khng gian m hnh sang khng gian giy
R
103. R - REDRAW Lm ti li mn hnh
107. REC - RECTANGLE V hnh ch nht
108. REG- REGION To min
110. REV - REVOLVE To khi 3D trn xoay
112. RO - ROTATE Xoay cc i tng c chn xung quanh 1 im
114. RR - RENDER Hin th vt liu, cy cnh, n,i tng
S
115. S - StrETCH Ko di/ thu ngn/ tp hp i tng
116. SC - SCALE Phng to, thu nh theo t l
T
129. T - MTEXT To ra 1 on vn bn
131. TH - THICKNESS To dy cho i tng
135. TOR - TORUS V Xuyn
136. TR - TRIM Ct xn i tng
U
139. UN - UNITS nh n v bn v
140. UNI - UNION Php cng khi
V
142. VP - DDVPOINT Xc lp hng xem 3 chiu
W
145. WE - WEDGE V hnh nm/chm
X
146. X- EXPLODE Phn r i tng
151. XR - XREF Tham chiu ngoi vo cc File bn v
Z
152. Z - ZOOM Phng to-Thu nh
to ra phm tt cho 1 lnh no ta thc hin nh sau:
Vo menu Tool - chn Customize - Edit program parameters (ti y s thy
danh sch lnh tt)
Vd : Lnh COPY : lnh tt l CO/CP by gi mun i ch khc : OC/PC
chng hn (lu l khng c trng vi cc lnh c)- th tm dng lnh
COPY trong danh sch - xa CO/CP - thay bng OP/PC - sau Save -
dng lnh Command: g lnh REINIT - CHN pgp FILE - OK
Lc ny g OC/PC l lnh copy.
nh lnh : ap
Chn file load , cc file l lsp, dvb, arx, vlx, dbx, fas
Ch : ring vi file : m file lsp thy trong dng lnh no c ch defun c: th ch
sau defun c: chnh l lnh tt s dng ca ng dng.
Cch 2: Tools\Auto Lisp\ load applications Sau tm n file auto lisp load
sau y l cch load lisp vo s dng (t dng k hiu (-) thay cho vic bn g
phm enter 1 ln)
bn g AP (-), n s hin ln 1 ci bng, tm ng dn ti 2 file lisp trn, tick
vo load l c th s dng c ri
ko phi load li lisp mi ln khi ng cad th tick vo contents (c icon l hnh
ci cp), n s x ra 1 ci bng, tick vo add ri tm ng dn ti cc file lisp l
ok
Chnh sa lnh tt trong autocad trc tip t file acad.pgp:
Tool\customize\ editprogram parameter (acad.pgp), vo y tin hnh chnh cc
lnh tt hp vi thi quen s dng ca mnh v thun tin hn khi v.
ok th chng trnh s c tc dng ngay m khng cn phi khi ng li na.Sau
khi thay sa i lnh trong file acad.pgp th ti dng lnh command ta phi nh
reinit v chn pgp file
command alias editor, vo y tin hnh chnh sa lnh, ta c th add vo cng
c m khng thay i lnh tt gc ca n.toolsC th dng cch chnh sa
khc: express
Cach cai dat mot menu lenh tren thanh menubar:
Vdu: HUONG DAN CAI DAT "FASTCAD"
1. Chep toan bo thu muc "FASTCAD" vao dia cung cua may (O dau? Tuy y.)
- Mo file FASTCAD\hamtutao.lsp, chep toan bo noi dung. (ctr+A, ctr+C)
- Mo file SUPPORT\acad*doc.lsp. Chuyen con tro xuong gan cuoi file, phai o tren
dong co noi dung:
"(princ) "
- Chep noi dung file "hamtutao.lsp" vao vi tri nay. (ctr+V)
Chu y : Noi dung vua chep vao phai o tren dong "(princ) "
- Luu file SUPPORT\acad*doc.lsp lai. Dong tat ca cac file lai.
2. Chay chuong trinh ACAD.
3. Chon muc : TOOLS\OPTIONS\FILES\SUPPORT FILE SEARCH PATH.
- Chon nut "ADD"- Chon nut "BROWSE"- Sau do chi dan den thu muc
"FASTCAD".
- Chon nut "OK", "APPLY"
4. Tai dong lenh COMMAND go : "menuload"
- Chon file "fastcad.mnu". Nhan nut "OPEN" - Tiep theo chon nut "LOAD", "OK".
Bn mun v nhiu t l trong mt bn v :
-Bn mun v nhiu t l trong mt bn v th c th to nhiu kiu t l trong cad,
g D ri enter, khung Dimension style manager hin ra, bn click vo ch New,
sau thit lp cc thng s, lm tng t nh th to kiu kch thc c t l
khc, khi mun dng ci no th click chn ci ri click vo Current -> Close...
Bn to mt kiu style kch thc ring cho n, modify v chnh li s liu ti
scale factor ,v d bn scale t l 1/5 (0,2) ,th ban phi in vo scale factor l 5
thay v 1 nh mc nh
Lu khi nh ngha kiu kch thc (Dimstyle) cho bn v:
-Dng lnh command: d
-Trc ht nh ngha kiu kch thc t l 1:1 trc, chng hn c th thit lp
l scale factor l 1.00 ( ngha rng mt kch thc trn bn v bng 1 kch thc
thc t).
-Khi chn thit lp dmstyle cho cc bn v c t l 1:2 th h s scale factor s
l 2 ( ngha rng mt kch thc trn bn v bng 0,5 kch thc thc t, do
khi v l 1 nhng mun kch thc hin th ng vi kch thc vt tht th trn
bn v con s ghi phi l kch thc trn bn v nhn vi 2, v vy t h s
nhn l 2). Bn v t l 1/10 s c dimstyle vi h s scale factor l 10. Nu c cn
c vo ngha nh vy th ta d dng thit lp c thng s scale factor cho cc
bn v tng t nh vy vi cc dimstyle ca cc bn v c t l khc.
cc ng ta mun v.
nh s th t bng lnh Tcount, ca Express Tools
Nhiu khi chng ta cn phi sa tng text mt in cc s theo th t tng dn.
Chng hn phi in chui D1, D2, D3, D4,...D1000 theo th t tng dn ca trc
Y. nu sa bng tay th rt lu. Lnh Tcount ca Express Tool cho php chng ta
lm iu ny.
Command: tcount
Chng trnh s cho bn chn i tng
Select objects: Specify opposite corner: 5 found
Select objects:
Chng trnh hi bn sp xp cc i tng theo chiu tng trc x, trc y hay theo
th t lc bn chn cc i tng
Sort selected objects by [X/Y/Select-order] <Y>:
Chng trnh hi bn s u tin m bn nh, s gia m bn cho vo. V d 2,-1
s nh cc s: 2, 1, 0, -1, -2, ...
Specify starting number and increment (Start,increment) <2,-1>:
Chng trnh hi bn cch nh s vo text: Overwrite - ghi lun vo text,
Prefix - vit thm vo pha trc, Suffix - vit thm vo pha sau, Find&replace Thay nhng cm t c ch nh bng cc text s ny.
Placement of numbers in text [Overwrite/Prefix/Suffix/Find&replace..] <
Find&replace>:
Nu bn chn Find&replace, my hi thm c t m bn mun ch nh.
Enter search string <kts>:
V cui cng chng trnh thng bo c bao nhiu i tng text c sa
5 objects modified.
Mt s cch chn i tng trong CAD
chn cc i tng.
- Cad s quay tr li mn hnh chnh bn chn i tng. y bn g All
chn tt c cc i tng trong bn v. G xong th g enter.
- Tr li bng lnh Find and Replace, bn s thy phm Select All c t mu en
(trc n c mu xm - disable). Hy click vo phm Select All ny.
- Cad s ng bng lnh v cc i tng cha dng ch cn tm s c la chn
(high light). Cng vi dng ch trn ca s text: AutoCAD found and selected
xxx objects that contain yyy vi xxx l s i tng c chn v yyy l cm t
bn va nhp. Nu khng c i tng no tho mn, cad s thng bo:AutoCAD
found and selected 0 objects that contain yyy.