Ton Kinh T

18.2.1 S iu chnh sn lng ca mt cng ty c quyn.

q0 : sn lng ti thi im 0, cho trc.
pt = a- qt : hm cu trong thi im t.
TCt = (qt+1 -qt )2 : s iu chnh gi ti thi im t.
t =aqt-

qt2- (qt+1 qt)2

: yu t gim gi
t

Max II=

[aqt - qt2- (qt+1 - qt)2] tha mn q0 cho trc

q1, q2
Phng trnh Eluer:
- t c (qt+1-qt) +

t+1

[a-bqt+1+c (qt+2-qt+1)]=0

=> cqt+2 (c + b+ c)qt+1+cqt+ a=0

t

TC:

[a - bqt + c (qt+1-qt)]qt=0

Gi s a=b=c=1, phng trnh Eluer v phng trnh c trng l:

qt+2 (2+ -1) qt+1 + -1 qt+1 =0,
q* =1 v

1,

2 =(1+2

( )=
2

-(2 +-1)

) / (2), 0<

Lu : (0)= -1>0, (1) = -1<0, ( -1) = - -1 <0

Nghim chung

: q t = 1 + C1

t
1

+C2

t
2

1<1<

+ -1 =0
-1

<

 tha mn TC, t cn C2=0, khi nghim l : qt=1 + (q0-1)

t
1

18.2.2 M hnh tng trng ti u

kt: t liu sn xut ti thi im t
qt=f(kt): sn lng ti thi im t
ct: tiu dung ti thi im t
kt+1=qt ct =f(kt)- ct hay ct =f(kt) kt+1
u(ct): ti thi im t, : yu t gim gi
max U=

tu

(ct) =

tu(f(kt)

kt+1

tha mn 0 kt+1
k0 cho trc
Phng trnh Eluer: - tu(f(kt) kt+1) + t+1u(f(kt+1) kt+2) f(kt+1)=0
U(f(kt) kt+1) = tu(f(kt+1) kt+2)f(kt+1)
TC: lim(t)tu(f(kt) kt+1 f(kt)kt=0
Gi s trong trng hp c bit: f(k)=k, u(c) =

, f(k) = 1

V u(c) =1/c. Phng trnh Eluer v phng trnh c trng l:

k1+2 (1+ )kt+1 + kt=0,
1,

- (1 +) + = 0

= ,1

Nghim chung E: kt = C1t + C2

 tha mn TC, ta cn C2 =0, khi kt= k0t vi ct =kt kt+1 = (1 ) k0t v

U* =

Lu :