- (- )

2014-15 .
-


. ()
.
, , .
. n , x ,
n
x
n :
x i
i 1 n
. ,
n :

s2

( xi x ) 2
n

, i = 1 i = n.

. n

.
.
:
1. : 1.234 kg 4 ..,
2. :

1.2 kg 2 ..

1002 sec 4 ..,

2.06 sec 3 ..

3. . vo
: 0.001 m 1 ..,
0.012 m 2 ..
4. : 0.200 kg 3 .., 0.023 m 2 .. (
3)
5.
: 190 kg 2, 3 .., 50600 sec 3, 4, 5 ..
. .. 50600 sec 3, 4, 5
, , : 5.06 x 104 sec (3 ..), 5.060 x104 sec (4 ..), 5.0600 x 104 sec (5 ..)


.
( ) ,
. :
21, 2.1, 0.21 0.021 ,
20.1 20.01 ( 3 4 ) 20.
,
, .



.
..
, L, g

T 2 L / g
g 4 2

L
T2

(4)

(5)

T L .
u,
() x y.

u
u
x y
x
y

(6 )

o x x , y y

u
u
x

u u .

x ( u x),
y .

u
u y, ((
y

u y), x .

, ,
.
u,
() x y, , (6) u=su ,
x=sx y=sy , u , x y, :
2

u
u
s s x2 s 2y
x
,
y
2
u

u
u
su s x2 s 2y
x
y

(10)

su u.
, g
L
2

g
g 2
s g s L2
sT
L
T

sg g.

(11)

 , , ,
, :

sg

s 2s
L T .
L T

(12)

(12) sL /L s / (), :
) ,
) , , , g,
.
(% ) :
100 sg /g %

(13)

:
sf

i 1
k

2
s

(14)

sf f k
1 ,2 ,, k , si
f ( ), :
f = 1n 2 / 3m , :
(f/f)2 = (n 1 /1 )2 + (2 /2 )2 + (m 3 /3 )2

(14)

f (
, ). X (12).

1) f=x2 y / z3 . (f/f)2 = (2 x /x )2 + (y /y )2 + (3 z /z )2
2) , g,
.

~1 m .
: g 4

L
T2

f = 1n 2 / 3m f = 1 / 32 f = g,

1 = L 3 = .

(14) g :
(sg/g)2 = ( sL /L )2 + (2 sT /T )2
. .

0.1 % , 1 % , :

(sg/g)2 = {(0.1 x10-2 )2 + (2 x 1 x10-2 )2 }0.5 2 x 10-2