Professional Documents
Culture Documents
001 015 C231 1
001 015 C231 1
qOJA UsOd
b@v t$ dA t$ ut b# UO v#Ug$
u??u?? U?t?? b?M?$ d?@ b?K? ?~? b?#u?v?/
d~bJ qJ bM#U dN U t$ uJMU
vdO# d bM Ug$ UM b#u U O
U UN# UU O uv Ut XL & s t t$
uJM U p UU qJ
CH4
H C H
H
H
H
U bF t qJ U
p bO - UN sd6 - p sO buO qJ
v ut U uJ$u
U uJu qJ t$ vUj p d
p bMUA# X d$ qB bO t sd$ U-
d??J? 7?c? d? t t$ X v #u$ b#uO
d~ dJ sd$ t ud dJ p X b tU
u?J?u p CH 4 U?? u?J?u? b?O? - t ud
s tu UN U bO - UN X vN UN
b#t@d d& vN UN
sd$ jI@ u UU t$ vUuJu dU U
b?M q?J? b# U# s?d?6bO b?# b?O
bOMOv sd$bO u#
bO?U# v?M?d6 X?KJ? v? Uu?Ju? v?Md?$ dO?$
uv
H
H
H
H
H
H
,p
eO$bO v eM qJ
X O dvK
b#b tU bOuMO u# bM UsOd
UuJu X UH U X pu$ UuJu UH V t d~bJ U b#U UH
dOv U$ vUgM$ t pL$ t dvK p qOJA te&
HO
HO
HO
duu
Uu6 dvK
H 2O
HO
dbMK dvK
HO
H 2O
U bU$Uu#u e bM U b[ bM bM"
b?#v? u?t bU$UvK uJu p b#b#uOv rt
? q?J? X? d?O? bU$UvK p t??UA
t??U? e?$u?K? U?d?u#u uJu s t$ bOM$v bUA
X b
e$uK t d# d$ d tAOL vUO UuK
tUA# dvK u[t e$uK UuJu UUO b# UO#
UO# U~M UO UuK bMM$v dO b#v
t tUA# uu e$uK UuJu sO Ub#uO
u? U?~?? bMM$v e$uK bMM$v lD& eObO
tUA# bMM$eObO
re# u#U UO U #
U? b?I? Z?#d bM bM#U vUt# vMOVO
b# tUA#
u?[t? u? v?@U?{ e?$u?K? u?#U? U?u?K?
UO XU tUA# t uJOK bMM$v dO uJOK
OH + HO
bU6Uuu
HO
sOU eO$bO U v eM qJ
bU6Uuu
HO
+ H2 O
bU6U
UbU6U eO$bO v eM qJ
uJOK
u?JOK Ut
tOU X.U
O
O
UuJ$u
e$uK
OH
O
O
e$uK
O
O
O
OH
O
O
O
O
bOM$v vMOgO bOM$ UNMAO bM& t tKU UtU# qb d v X b qOJA euK UbL cU$
U# U$s d bU vUO UU$ t X bu u s vJA t
H
H
O
OH
HO
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH3
d bO
H
OH
H 2O
H
OH
d"OK
H
H
O
O
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH3
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH
O
H
CH3
CH2
O
H
C
H
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
d
+
N
CH2
CH2
CH3
CH3
CH3
O
O
UH".
CH2
CH
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH3
CH3
X O UbOO vuL v
X O bd OKd
b# b dO d UbO U vUH t bA# dO d UbO
b#lU U U vUO Us d
b# Ubd OKd U vUH t UbOOuH @
u X@U uK UA t$ bd U# bOO
X u#U UuK UA uBC bOzd b$
bO buO
H
H
N
H
C
R
bOuMO
H
+
C
OH
N
H
C
R
v eM
H
N
C
OH
O
C
OH
H 2O
bO
bOuMO
uJ$u p b bOuMO sO bO buO d`d qJ
bO
vUOK`
vM
qJ
9 10 11 12 13 14
re uJ$u
b# v ZM Ure#
r?e?# b?M? d? b?M?? ? v?M?O??d? U?N?# d??A?O?
UF. U~U
X b nA$ eO# vMOddO
UF. U~U U UgO
uv u
v[U gM$ UN# b$d b# v[UB qL
bMv U#
u? b?M$v UH UU UN# b$d uK
bMM$vL# dOOG O bMv U# t$ vUgM$ Ure#
uv U gM6
d? c?v? g?U?$ t? bOu f re# bI t
bM$ bOu ULz bU uK U vAM$ v~AOL U#
b?M?#U?L? eO# Ure# b#U U bb dOOG t
u u U Ud b#U Ud t UsOd dU
U?F. U~U Ud.
dU U U b Ure# UO bMv X
bMM6v d
b#uv UF@dO 45o C
UO b#U jO pH bb dOOG t
re qL v~u~ qJ
j?O?? b?# X?O?UF@ vM jO U b Ure#
vUOK& U t# bU bO t# t$ X vDO vM
r?e?# q?L? t? b?O?A?CXd YU b ge@ d~bJ U
uv re# qL Xd ge@ YU U ge@
uv
v@UB ud UL bACv Xd uJu X$d t Ud
t$ bO#v t bv ge@ t ud UgO U re# s?d?U? Ure# qL v~#u~ UA# d
bOM$v bUA qJ t$ X vd
vHM d Ure# XOUF@ d b gO Ud
b# bFt qJ UsOd dU bM#U eO# Ure#
UgO t re# UB v#bF u UsOU vCF
UgM$ U# Xd ge@ YU Usb bMM$v dU UgO vAC t bO d X vU& re# uJu vAC
b#uv vLe# U?# UF?. U~?U u?v o?K? Ug?O t? t$ r?e# g?C
uv U# gM$ UF@ U~U t UgO UB f
p?O?M? b?O?#U?O bM#U Ur vCF d~ u
UN# XOUF@ UG Ure# UF@ U~U q Ug$dA uv b U# d. uM$ t$ UgO f
v&u d~ vCF vLz Ur vCF d bMM$v dOuK v[U gM$ re# d d bO#e b bO#uv uM$
u qB re# t b#uvL# UgO XU s X uJu d X vU& re# uJu vAC bv U#
b?O? d?O?O?G? U?d? uv XH U UNM UgO
UgO UB bv dOOG re# bFt qJ jO u
Uv sJLdO t
UH u d$ dC UuK uv re#
U?sOd b?M?M?$te Ure# vMF UUd d&
U?u? U?bOO b?M?M?$t?e?? U?r?e?# vMF UUO eO#
uv UH vuU re# UgO ud UL t$ u YU t$ vKUd
ATP
UH". Ud
P
P
+
d
uM
(ADP) UH". su
su
(ATP) UH".d su
ATP dB bO$u qJ
H N H
N
C
H
C
C
dd UbuO
N
O
C H
H
H C C O
H C
C H H
C H
N
OH
P
O
OH
O
OH
O
OH
OH OH
sO
uM
UH".
UH".
UH".
AMP
ADP
ATP
ADP + H 3 PO4 +
ATP + H 2O
d
sOd
.
10 /.
.
18 /.
.
65 /.
bOud6 5 ./. .
v$ u dU1 /.
.
vbF u 1 /.
b bMqOJA u b@ qJ
bO d` 30o C b U U b t d
U UdJO O u" qJ