11/1/2014

Hot ng thanh ton c yu t nc ngoi

- Ch th tham gia Ngi c tr
Ngi phi c tr

TNG QUAN V
THANH TON QUC T

- Ti khon thanh ton

Ngoi t ca mt trong hai nc

- Tin t thanh ton

Ni t c ngun gc ngoi t

01/11/2014

1. IU KIN V TIN T
1. IU KIN V TIN T

Loi tin no c s dng trong vic thanh ton hp

ng?

2. IU KIN V THI GIAN THANH TON

Chn loi tin no em li li ch cao nht?

3. IU KIN V A IM THANH TON

Tin dng tnh ton l loi tin no?

4. IU KIN V PHNG THC THANH

Tin dng thanh ton l loi tin no?

TON
C cn phi quy nh loi tin m bo khng?
01/11/2014

1. IU KIN V TIN T

01/11/2014

1. IU KIN V TIN T

Tin t th gii
Tin t t do
chuyn i

Tin t c cc quc gia mc nhin tha nhn

lm phng tin thanh ton quc t
Cn c phm
vi s dng

Cn c s
chuyn i

Tin t quc t
Tin t chung ca mt khi kinh t quc t

Ton phn
Ch th
Tng phn

Mc
Ngun thu nhp

Tin t khng t do chuyn i

Tin t chuyn khon

Tin t quc gia

01/11/2014

Tin t thanh ton b tr

5

01/11/2014

11/1/2014

2. IU KIN V THI GIAN THANH TON

Tr tin trc

2. IU KIN V THI GIAN THANH TON

Cp tn dng

Tr tin trc
Ngay sau khi NB giao hng xong
ti ni giao hng ch nh

m bo thc hin hp ng

KHNG TRN PHNG TIN VN TI

Tr tin ngay

Tr tin ngay

Thi im
giao hng

Thi im
giao hng

Tr tin sau

TRN PHNG TIN VN TI

Tr tin ngay sau khi chng t c xut trnh (at sight
L/C, D/P,)

Tr tin sau

Tr tin sau khi nhn c chng t v kim tra chng

t (D/P x days)
Tr tin sau khi nhn hng xong (Cash on receipt)

01/11/2014

Kt hp

01/11/2014

Kt hp

V d

2. IU KIN V THI GIAN THANH TON

Tr tin trc

Tr tin ngay
Thi im
giao hng

Tr tin x ngy sau ngy vn n

Tr tin x ngy sau ngy xut trnh (D/A)

Tr tin sau

Tr tin x ngy sau ngy nhn hng

Tr tin x ngy sau ngy kt thc thi hn bo hnh

01/11/2014

Kt hp

Mt hp ng nhp khu Clinke c tng tr gi 240 triu USD. Giao

hng lm 6 chuyn bng nhau trong 6 thng lin tip vo na u mi
thng. Ngi mua phi tr trc 30% tr gi hp ng, ba thng trc
khi giao hng chuyn u tin. Tin ng trc c khu tr vo tr
gi ho n ca mi chuyn giao hng theo mt trong 2 cch sau:
Tin ng trc c khu tr theo t l:
Cch 1:
Cch 2:
Chuyn 1: 60%
Chuyn 1: 20%
Chuyn 2: 45%
Chuyn 2: 20%
Chuyn 3: 30%
Chuyn 3: 30%
Chuyn 4: 20%
Chuyn 4: 30%
Chuyn 5: 15%
Chuyn 5: 40%
Chuyn 6: 10%
Chuyn 6: 40%
Tt c cc iu khon v iu kin khc l nh nhau. Trn cng v
ngi mua hng, bn chn k hp ng theo cch 1 hay cch 2?

3. IU KIN V A IM
THANH TON

4. IU KIN V PHNG THC THANH TON

L ni ngi bn (XK) nhn c tin; ngi mua

tr tin.
Ph thuc vo:
- Tng quan lc lng gia hai bn trong quan h
bun bn
- Loi tin thanh ton l loi tin no?
- Phng thc thanh ton
01/11/2014

11

Chuyn tin
Ghi s
Nh thu trn
Nh thu
Nh thu km chng t

Thanh ton khng

km chng t
thng mi

Bo lnh theo yu cu
Th tn dng d phng
Tn dng chng t
Th y thc mua

01/11/2014

12

11/1/2014

4. IU KIN V PHNG THC THANH TON

Chuyn tin
Ghi s
Nh thu Nh thu trn
Nh thu km chng t
Bo lnh theo yu cu
Th tn dng d phng
Tn dng chng t
Th y thc mua

Thanh ton
km chng t
thng mi

01/11/2014

13

4. IU KIN V PHNG THC THANH TON

Chuyn tin
Ghi s
Nh thu Nh thu trn
Nh thu km chng t
Bo lnh theo yu cu
Th tn dng d phng
Tn dng chng t
Th y thc mua
01/11/2014

Mt s cng c thanh ton quc t thng c s

dng:
Hi phiu (bill of exchange)
K phiu (promissory note)
Cheques

Thanh ton
gin tip

01/11/2014

14

4. IU KIN V PHNG THC THANH TON

4. IU KIN V PHNG THC THANH TON

Chuyn tin
Ghi s
Nh thu Nh thu trn
Nh thu km chng t
Bo lnh theo yu cu
Th tn dng d phng
Tn dng chng t
Th y thc mua

Thanh ton
trc tip

15

01/11/2014

16

CHNG T
Chng t ti chnh
Hi phiu i n
Hi phiu nhn n
Sec
Ha n thu tin
Chng t thng mi
Chng t vn ti
Chng t v quyn s hu

01/11/2014

T GI HI OI

17

11/1/2014

1. KHI NIM

NI DUNG CHNH
1.

KHI NIM

2.

CCH YT T GI

3.

XC NH T GI THEO PHNG PHP TNH CHO

4.

PHN LOI

5.

CC NHN T NH HNG N S BIN NG CA T

1.1. T gi hi oi
1.2. C s hnh thnh t gi hi oi

GI HI OI
6.

PHNG PHP IU CHNH

7.

TH TRNG HI OI

01/11/2014

19

01/11/2014

1.1. T gi hi oi

Ngoi hi
Ngoi t
Phng tin thanh ton ghi bng
ngoi t
Theo Php lnh
ngoi hi 2005

Cc loi chng t c gi ghi

bng ngoi t
Vng

01/11/2014

Tin VND

20

21

T gi hi oi l t gi i tin ca mt nc ny ly tin
ca mt nc khc. (Samuelson)
Mt n v tin ca mt nc no th bng gi tr ca mt
s lng tin khc. (Stayer)
T gi hi oi l gi ca mt loi tin c biu hin bng
gi ca mt loi tin khc.
(Chistopher Pass v Bryan Lowes)
Quan h so snh gia hai tin t ca hai nc vi nhau
Gi c ca n v tin t nc ny th hin bng mt s
tin t nc kia
01/11/2014

2. CCH YT T GI

1.2. C s hnh thnh t gi hi oi

1.3.1. Ch bn v tin vng (trc nm 1914)

22

2.1. Cch cng b t gi

1.3.2. Ch hi oi vng (1914-1944)

1.3.3. Ch Bretton Woods (1945-1972)

2.2. Phng php yt gi ngoi t

1.3.4. Ch tin t hu Bretton Woods (t 1973- nay)

01/11/2014

23

01/11/2014

24

11/1/2014

2.1. Cch cng b t gi

Ch th: Ngn hng

Cng b tch ri
Ti Canada
BID RATE: USD = 1,2312 CAD

V D

Gi mua

Gi bn
ASK RATE: USD = 1,2318 CAD
Cng b rt gn
Ti Canada
USD: tin yt gi
USD/CAD = 1,2312/1,2318

USD/CAD = 1,2312/18
01/11/2014

BID

(commodity money)
CAD: tin nh gi
(term money)

ASK

25

Ngn hng cng b: USD/VND=21.345/95

Ngn hng sn sng mua VND ti t gi no?
Ngn hng sn sng bnVND ti t gi no?
Ngn hng sn sng mua USD ti t gi no?
Ngn hng sn sng bn USD ti t gi no?
Bn l khch hng ca ngn hng,
bn s bn VND ti t gi no?
bn s mua VND ti t gi no?
bn s bn USD ti t gi no?
bn s mua USD ti t gi no?

01/11/2014

2.1. Cch cng b t gi

CCH C

IM T GI (POINT)
L n v (thng thng l n v thp phn) cui cng ca t
gi c yt theo thng l trong cc giao dch ngoi hi
L mc thay i ti thiu ca t gi

26

USD/CAD = 1,2312/18
S (figure)

1USD=1,2312 CAD => 1 im l 0,0001 CAD

1USD=21.234 VND => 1 im l 1 VND

T gi la M - la Canada t 1,2312 n 18

C th tha thun s dng thm mt ch s sau im t gi,

c gi l pip
1USD = 1,23121 CAD

01/11/2014

im (point)

T gi la M - la Canada t mt n v tin
t, hai mi ba s mi hai im n mi tm
im
27

CHNH LCH THAY I T GI

Chnh lch t gi mua vo (Bid) v bn ra (Ask)
Spread : l thu nhp ca nh to lp th trng
T gi thay i th gi ca tin thay i?
USD/VND= 21.2345 tng ln 21.2367
=> Gi ca USD v VND thay i th no?

01/11/2014

28

2.2. Phng php yt gi ngoi t

Yt gi ngoi t trc tip (direct quotation)
Gi ngoi t c th hin trc tip ra bn ngoi
VD: Ti Canada
Th hin r gi ca
USD/CAD = 1,2312/1,2318
ngoi t USD
Yt gi ngoi t gin tip (indirect quotation)
Gi ngoi t khng c th hin trc tip ra ngoi
VD: Ti New York
USD/CAD = 1,2312/1,2318

01/11/2014

29

Gi ca ngoi t CAD: BID 1CAD = 1/1,2318 USD

ASK 1CAD = 1/1,2312 USD30

01/11/2014

11/1/2014

2.2. Phng php yt gi ngoi t

LU
Tr cc nc Anh, NZ, c, EU p dng
phng php gin tip; cc nc cn li p
dng phng php yt gi ngoi t trc tip.
M va p dng phng php yt gi ngoi t
trc tip vi GBP, NZD, AUD, EUR; va yt
gi gin tip vi cc ng tin khc

Yt t gi kiu chu u (quotation in European terms)

Tin ng trc l tin YT gi
EUR/USD=1,3425
1EUR= 1,3425 USD

Yt t gi kiu M (quotation in European terms)

Tin ng trc l tin NH gi
USD/EUR=1,3425

SDR lun l tin yt gi

1EUR= 1,3425 USD

01/11/2014

31

01/11/2014

3. XC NH T GI THEO
PHNG PHP TNH CHO

3. XC NH T GI THEO
PHNG PHP TNH CHO

T gi ca 2 tin t v tr nh gi ca 2 cp t gi

T gi ca 2 tin t v tr nh gi

3 trng hp

32

T gi ca 2 tin t v tr yt gi

Ti Geneva, t gi c cng b nh sau:

USD/CHF=0,9575/85
USD/CAD=1,1125/30
Tnh BID CAD/CHF
ASKCAD/CHF

T gi ca 2 tin t v tr nh gi
v yt gi
01/11/2014

33

34

3. XC NH T GI THEO
PHNG PHP TNH CHO

3. XC NH T GI THEO
PHNG PHP TNH CHO

T gi ca 2 tin t v tr nh gi ca 2 cp t gi

T gi ca 2 tin t v tr nh gi ca 2 cp t gi

USD/CHF=0,9575/85
BID USD/CHF = 0,9575:
Ngn hng mua 1USD vi gi 0,9575CHF
bn 1CHF=1/0,9575USD
ASK USD/CHF = 0,9585:
Ngn hng bn 1USD vi gi 0,9585 CHF
mua 1CHF=1/ 0,9585 USD
01/11/2014

01/11/2014

USD/CAD=1,1125/30
BID USD/CAD = 1,1125:
Ngn hng mua 1USD vi gi 1,1125CAD
bn 1CAD=1/1,1125USD
ASK USD/CAD = 1,1130:
Ngn hng bn 1USD vi gi 1,1130CAD
mua 1CAD=1/1,1130USD

(1)

(2)

35

01/11/2014

(3)

(4)

36

11/1/2014

3. XC NH T GI THEO
PHNG PHP TNH CHO

3. XC NH T GI THEO
PHNG PHP TNH CHO

T gi ca 2 tin t v tr nh gi ca 2 cp t gi
BIDCAD/CHF (ngn hng): ngn hng mua CAD bng CHF
ASK CAD/CHF (khch hng): khch hng bn CAD ly CHF

Khch hng bn CAD ly USD:

(4) => 1CAD=1/1,1130USD
Ri ly USD mua CHF
(1) => 1USD=0,9575CHF
1CAD

01/11/2014

(2) => 1CHF=1/0,9585USD

Ri ly USD mua CAD
(3) => 1USD=1,1125CAD

0,9575
CHF
1,1130

BIDCAD/ CHF( NH )

T gi ca 2 tin t v tr nh gi ca 2 cp t gi
ASK CAD/CHF (ngn hng): ngn hng bn CAD ly CHF
BID CAD/CHF(khch hng):khch hng mua CAD bng CHF
Khch hng bn CHF ly USD:

1CHF

BIDUSD/ CHF
ASKCAD/ CHF( KH )
ASKUSD/ CAD
37

1
1,1125CAD
0,9585

ASKCAD/ CHF( NH)

or ... 1CAD

0,9585
CHF
1,1125

ASKUSD/ CHF
BIDCAD/ CHF( KH )
BIDUSD/ CAD

01/11/2014

38

3. XC NH T GI THEO
PHNG PHP TNH CHO
T gi ca 2 tin t v tr yt gi ca 2 cp t gi

C USD/JPY=109,1010/109,1100
USD/SGD=1,2779/1,2790

Ti H Ch Minh, t gi c cng b nh sau:

USD/VND=21.100/21.400
JPY/VND=206/210
Tnh BIDUSD/JPY
ASKUSD/JPY

Tnh BIDJPY/SGD?
ASKJPY/SGD?

01/11/2014

39

40

3. XC NH T GI THEO
PHNG PHP TNH CHO

3. XC NH T GI THEO
PHNG PHP TNH CHO

T gi ca 2 tin t v tr yt gi ca 2 cp t gi

T gi ca 2 tin t v tr yt gi ca 2 cp t gi

USD/VND=21.100/21.400
BID USD/VND=21.100:
Ngn hng mua 1USD vi gi 21.100VND
bn 1VND=1/21.100USD
ASK USD/VND=21.400:
Ngn hng bn 1USD vi gi 21.400VND
mua 1VND=1/21.400USD
01/11/2014

01/11/2014

JPY/VND=206/210
BID JPY/VND=206:
Ngn hng mua 1JPY vi gi 206VND
bn 1VND=1/206JPY
ASK JPY/VND=210:
Ngn hng bn 1JPY vi gi 210VND
mua 1VND=1/210JPY

(5)

(6)

41

01/11/2014

(7)

(8)

42

11/1/2014

3. XC NH T GI THEO
PHNG PHP TNH CHO

3. XC NH T GI THEO
PHNG PHP TNH CHO

T gi ca 2 tin t v tr yt gi ca 2 cp t gi
BID USD/JPY (ngn hng): ngn hng mua USD bng JPY
ASK USD/JPY (khch hng): khch hng bn USD ly JPY Khch

hng bn USD ly VND:

(5) => 1USD= 21.100VND
Ri ly VND mua JPY
(8) => 1VND=1/210JPY
1USD

01/11/2014

T gi ca 2 tin t v tr yt gi ca 2 cp t gi
ASK USD/JPY (ngn hng): ngn hng bn USD ly JPY
BIDUSD/JPY(khch hng):khch hng mua USD bng JPY

Khch hng bn JPY ly VND:

(7) => 1JPY=206VND
Ri ly VND mua USD
(6) => 1VND=1/21.400USD

21.100
JPY
210

BIDUSD/ JPY ( NH)

1JPY 206

BIDUSD/ VND
ASKUSD/ JPY ( KH43)
ASKJPY / VND

1
VND
21 .400

ASKUSD/ JPY ( NH )
01/11/2014

or ... 1USD

21 .400
JPY
206

ASKUSD/ VND
BIDUSD/ JPY ( KH )
BIDJPY / VND
44

3. XC NH T GI THEO
PHNG PHP TNH CHO
T gi ca 2 tin t v tr nh gi v yt gi

C EUR/USD=1,2601/32

GBP/USD=1,5945/70

Ti H Ni, t gi c cng b nh sau:

EUR/USD=1,3672/76
USD/JPY=102,28/32
Tnh BIDEUR/JPY
ASKEUR/JPY

Tnh BIDEUR/GBP (KH)?

ASKEUR/GBP(KH)?

01/11/2014

45

46

3. XC NH T GI THEO
PHNG PHP TNH CHO

3. XC NH T GI THEO
PHNG PHP TNH CHO

T gi ca 2 tin t v tr nh gi v yt gi

T gi ca 2 tin t v tr nh gi v yt gi

EUR/USD=1,3672/76
BID EUR/USD=1,3672:
Ngn hng mua 1EUR vi gi 1,3672USD
bn 1USD=1/1,3672EUR
ASK EUR/USD=1,3676:
Ngn hng bn 1EUR vi gi 1,3676USD
mua 1USD=1/1,3676EUR
01/11/2014

01/11/2014

USD/JPY=102,28/32
BID USD/JPY=102,28:
Ngn hng mua 1USD vi gi 102,28JPY
bn 1JPY=1/102,28USD
ASK USD/JPY=102,32:
Ngn hng bn 1USD vi gi 102,32JPY
mua 1JPY=1/102,32USD

(9)

(10)

47

01/11/2014

(11)

(12)

48

11/1/2014

3. XC NH T GI THEO
PHNG PHP TNH CHO

3. XC NH T GI THEO
PHNG PHP TNH CHO

T gi ca 2 tin t v tr nh gi v yt gi

T gi ca 2 tin t v tr nh gi v yt gi

BID EUR/JPY (ngn hng): ngn hng mua EUR bng JPY
ASKEUR/JPY (khch hng): khch hng bn EUR ly JPY

ASKEUR/JPY (ngn hng): ngn hng bn EUR ly JPY

BIDEUR/JPY(khch hng):khch hng mua EUR bng JPY
Khch hng bn JPY ly USD:

Khch hng bn EUR ly USD:

(9)=> 1EUR=1,3672USD
Ri ly USD mua JPY
(11) => 1USD=102,28JPY

(12)=> 1JPY=1/102,32USD
Ri ly USD mua EUR
(10) => 1USD=1/1,3676EUR

1EUR 1,3672 102,28 JPY

1JPY

BIDEUR/JPY(NH)=BIDEUR/USD x BIDUSD/JPY
=
ASKEUR/JPY(KH)
01/11/2014
49

1
1

EUR or ... 1EUR 1,3676 102 ,32 JPY

1,3676 102,32

ASKEUR/JPY(NH)=ASKEUR/USD x ASKUSD/JPY
=
BIDEUR/JPY(KH)
01/11/2014
50

BI TP

4. PHN LOI

1. Trong bng cho mt s t gi, hy in vo ch

trng bng nhng t gi cho thch hp cho.
2. Cty Eximax xut khu l hng qun o tr gi 100.000
GBP v nhp khu l hng nguyn liu tr gi 758.000
EUR theo iu kin tr ngay. ng thi s d trn ti
khon c 500.000 AUD v 5.000 triu ni t (VND). Do
nhu cu cn ni t thanh ton cho hp ng trong
nc nn cty chuyn ht s ngoi t ang c sang ni
t. Hi cty c s d bao nhiu trn ti khon ni t?
Bit rng:
GBP/USD=1,5947/52; EUR/USD=1,2788/91;
AUD/USD= 0,8802/06 v USD/VND = 21.345/70.

T gi chuyn tin bng in

T gi chuyn tin bng th

Cng c
TTQT

T gi sc

T gi hi phiu NH tr tin ngay

T gi hi phiu NH tr chm

01/11/2014

51

01/11/2014

52

5. CC NHN T NH HNG N
S BIN NG CA T GI HI OI

4. PHN LOI

Cc nhn t nh hng n cung cu ngoi t

5.1. Lm pht
5.2. Li sut
5.3. Tc ng ca Chnh ph
5.4. Cc yu t khc (k vng, u thch)

T gi mua v t gi bn
T gi giao ngay v t gi k hn

Nghip v kinh
doanh ca NH
T gi m ca v t gi ng ca
T gi ngoi t tin mt v
t gi ngoi t chuyn khon

01/11/2014

53

01/11/2014

54

11/1/2014

Chnh lch lm pht gia 2 quc gia

S

E: t gi yt
trc tip

Thi im t=0: gi hng ha A: 1USD=xVND

Thi im t=1

Gi A ti M:
(1+a)USD

Gi A ti Vit Nam: x(1+v)VND

E
E

PPP
D

1 a USD x1 v VND
USD x

1 v
va
VND x1
VND
1 a
1 a

Q: lng ngoi t

USD xVND x v a VND

01/11/2014

55

01/11/2014

5.1. Lm pht

5.2. Li sut

E: t gi yt

Ngang bng li sut (Interest rate Parity

IRP): li sut ca hai nc phi tng thch
vi nhau cho vn ca nc ngy khng
chy sang nc kia v ngc li.

trc tip

Nu lm pht trong
nc tng ln so vi
lm pht nc
ngoi

56

S
S

E
E

iu g xy ra khi khng tng thch?

D

Q: lng ngoi t
01/11/2014

57

01/11/2014

5.2. Li sut

V d chnh lch li sut

Id: li sut trong nc

If: li sut nc ngoi
Rs t gi giao ngay Ngoi t/Ni t
Rf t gi k hn 1 nm Ngoi t/Ni t

1 Id

01/11/2014

Rf
Rs

58

Li sut ca VND Vit Nam l 5,5%/nm

Li sut ca USD M l 1,5%/nm
T gi giao ngay USD/VND l 21.342
T gi k hn mt nm l 21.564
Nu v gii thch xu hng dch chuyn ca
USD v VND ti Vit Nam?

1 I
f

59

01/11/2014

60

10

11/1/2014

5.2. Li sut

6. PHNG PHP IU CHNH

E: t gi yt

Khi
li
sut
(thc)
trong
nc cao hn so
vi li sut (thc)
nc ngoi

trc tip

S
S

E
E

Chnh sch chit khu/ti chit khu

Qu d tr bnh n hi oi (Chnh sch hi oi)
Ph gi tin t
Nng gi tin t
Cc bin php tc ng trc tip n cung v cu
ngoi hi

Q: lng ngoi t
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61

C CH T GI

01/11/2014

62

CC CNG C THANH TON QUC T

C ch t gi c nh
1. HI PHIU

C ch t gi th ni

2. K PHIU

C ch t gi trung gian

3. SC

01/11/2014

63

1. HI PHIU

S ra i hi phiu v k phiu
Hng ha/dch v

Ngi
bn

Hp ng

1.1. Khi nim v c im

Ngi
mua

Hi phiu

K phiu

(Bill of exchange/ draft)

(Promissory note)

a
request
of
unconditional payment
for a definite amount of
01/11/2014
money to beneficiary

an unconditional promise
of the issuer in writing to
pay a determinate amount
65
of money to beneficiary

1.2. Ngun lut iu chnh

1.3. Ni dung chnh
1.4. Phn loi
1.5. Cc nghip v lin quan
01/11/2014

66

11

11/1/2014

1. HI PHIU
1.1. Khi nim v c im ca hi phiu

1. HI PHIU
1.1. Khi nim v c im ca hi phiu

Theo lut cc cng c chuyn nhng nm 2005 ca

VN (c hiu lc t 1/7/2006):

Cc bn tham gia:
- Ngi k pht (Drawer)
- Ngi b k pht (Drawee)
- Ngi chp nhn (acceptor): l ngi b k
pht sau khi k chp nhn hi phiu.
- Ngi th hng (beneficiary)
- Ngi chuyn nhng (endorser/assigner)
- Ngi bo lnh (avaliseur/guarantor)

Hi phiu i n l giy t c gi do Ngi k

pht lp, yu cu Ngi b k pht thanh ton
khng iu kin mt s tin xc nh khi c yu cu
hoc vo mt thi im nht nh trong tng lai
cho Ngi th hng
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1.1. Khi nim v c im ca hi phiu

c im

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68

1. HI PHIU
1.2. Ngun lut iu chnh

c im ca hi phiu:
Tnh tru tng

- Cng c Geneve 1930 v Lut thng nht v Hi

phiu (Uniform Law for Bills of Exchange- Geneve
Convention 1930, ULB 1930)

Tnh bt buc tr tin

- Lut iu chnh hi phiu, sc v k phiu do y ban

lut thng mi quc t ca LHQ ban hnh nm 1982

Tnh lu thng

- Lut hi phiu 1882 ca Anh (Bill of Exchange Act

of 1882) v Lut thng mi thng nht 1962 (Uniform
Commercial Codes of 1962-UCC ca M)

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01/11/2014

1. HI PHIU
1.2. Ngun lut iu chnh

1. HI PHIU
1.3. Ni dung chnh

Ti Vit Nam:
- Trc nm 1999, p dng ULB 1930 nh tp qun
- Nm 1999, ban hnh Php lnh v thng phiu (c
hiu lc t 1/7/2000).
- Ngy 29/12/2005, Quc hi VN ban hnh Lut
cc cng c chuyn nhng, c hiu lc t 1/7/2006.

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71

(1) Tiu ca Hi phiu

(2) S hiu Hi phiu
(3) Mt lnh thanh ton v iu kin mt s tin xc
nh.
(4) a im v thi gian k pht
(5) Thi hn thanh ton (khc thi hn xut trnh)
(6) Tn ngi th hng
(7) Tn v a ch ngi b k pht
(8) Tn, a ch v ch k ca ngi k pht
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12

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1.3. Ni dung chnh

(1) Tiu ca Hi phiu

1. HI PHIU
1.3. Ni dung chnh
No:(2)..

Cn c tiu d nhn bit trong lu thng, cng

ngn ng ca Hi phiu

BILL OF EXCHANGE (1)

,(4)

For:.(3.1)..

Lut cc nc chu nh hng bi h thng lut ca

Anh, M: ch cn ni dung c din t t Hi
phiu, khng nht thit phi c tiu

At..(5). sight of this First Bill of Exchange (second of

the same tenor and date being unpaid), pay to the
order of ..(6).. the sum of.. (3.2).
Drawn under L/C No (or Commercial invoice No)
To:(7).
.
.

Lut cc nc chu nh hng ca Cng c

Geneva 1930, lut ca Vit Nam: khng c tiu
th hi phiu v gi tr

(Name and address of Drawer)

(signed)..
(8)

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73

01/11/2014

74

1.3. Ni dung chnh

1.3. Ni dung chnh

(2) S hiu ca Hi phiu

(3) Mt lnh thanh ton v iu kin mt s tin xc nh

Cc hi phiu s c ghi s d dng khi dn

chiu.
S hiu Hi phiu do ngi k pht t ra (nu
dng trong L/C th thng l s hiu quy nh
trong L/C).

S tin: c ghi n gin, r rng, c th nhn dng ngay

c ghi bng ch v bng s hoc ghi nhiu ln bng
ch bng nhiu ln bng s
Trng hp khc bit v s tin:
Khc gia s tin bng ch v s tin bng s:
$50,000.00
Fifty five thousand US dollars

Tuy nhin, y l ni dung khng bt buc v

khng lm nh hng n gi tr php l ca hi
phiu.

$50,000.00

01/11/2014

$40,000.00
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75

Khc gia cc s tin ghi bng ch hoc s:

1.3. Ni dung chnh

76

1.3. Ni dung chnh

(4) a im v thi gian k pht

(5) Thi hn thanh ton

a im k pht: l cn c xc nh ngun lut iu chnh

nu khng ghi: ly a ch bn cnh tn ngi k pht
Lut CCCNVN2005: a im kinh doanh/ thng tr ca
Ngi k pht

Tr tin ngay:

Thi gian k pht: cn c xc nh thi hn tr tin nu thi hn

tr tin da vo ngy k pht, thi hn thanh ton, thi hn hiu
lc
nu khng ghi: v hiu

Tr tin sau:

Ngay sau khi nhn thy bn th ca hi phiu ny

At sight of this bill of exchange
X ngy sau khi nhn thy bn th ca hi phiu ny
At X days after sight of this bill of exchange

Khng c quy nh km iu kin

X ngy k t ngy nhn thy hng ha, tr tin
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13

11/1/2014

1.3. Ni dung chnh

(6) Tn ngi th hng

Thi hn xut trnh:

Thanh ton ngay: xut trnh thanh ton: 1 nm
(ULB 1930) v 90 ngy (lut VN) k t ngy k pht
v thanh ton/t chi trong vng 3 ngy (theo lut VN)

ch danh: Pay to Mr A, Pay to Co. A (only); t

s dng; kh chuyn nhng.

Thanh ton sau:Theo ULB, VN:

Thi hn xut trnh yu cu chp nhn l 1 nm

k t ngy k pht v chp nhn/t chi chp nhn
trong vng 2 ngy lm vic.

Thi hn xut trnh thanh ton: thi im n

hn thanh ton/ +5 ngy lm vic

Theo lnh: Pay to the order of

Vit Nam: thng l theo lnh NH; hay

c s dng => chuyn nhng bng k hu.
V danh: To the bearer => trao tay.

79

1.3. Ni dung chnh

(7) Tn v a ch ngi b k pht

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1.3. Ni dung chnh

(8) Tn v a ch ngi k pht

- L NH pht hnh L/C nu thanh ton bng L/C

Phi ghi tn v a ch ca ngi k pht.

- L nh NK nu bng cc phng thc khc

(nh thu, m s)

L ngi cui cng phi thanh ton cho

ngi th hng, trong trng hp B/E
c chuyn nhng nhng B/E b ngi b
k pht t chi tr tin/chp nhn.

- Phi ghi a im thanh ton, nu khng th s

thanh ton ti a ch ca ngi b k pht.

Ch k ca ngi c thm quyn

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1.3. Ni dung chnh

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1.3. Ni dung chnh

83

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14

11/1/2014

1. HI PHIU
1.4. Phn loi

1. HI PHIU
1.4. Phn loi
Hi phiu tr ngay
(at sight B/E)

Hi phiu trn (clean):

Chng t
i km

Thi hn
thanh ton
Hi phiu c k hn
(time B/E)

Hi phiu km chng t
(documentary B/E):

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01/11/2014

1. HI PHIU
1.4. Phn loi

1. HI PHIU
1.4. Phn loi

Hi phiu ch danh
(nominated)

Tnh chuyn
nhng

86

Hi phiu cha c k
chp nhn
Trng thi
chp nhn

Hi phiu theo lnh

(Order B/E),

Chp phiu thng mi

Hi phiu c k
chp nhn

Hi phiu v danh
Chp phiu ngn hng

01/11/2014

khng ghi tn ngi hng li mt trc,

k hu trng,
87
hoc k hu theo lnh trng

1. HI PHIU
1.5. Cc nghip v lin quan

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88

CHP NHN THANH TON B/E

Chp nhn thanh ton l hnh vi th hin bng ngn
ng ca ngi b k pht ng tr tin hi phiu v
iu kin

Chp nhn thanh ton (Acceptance)

K hu hi phiu
Bo lnh hi phiu
Khng ngh khng tr tin
Protest for Non-payment

Hai hnh thc chp nhn: trn mt trc ca B/E hoc

bng mt vn th ring bit.
Chp nhn ton phn hoc tng phn
Ngi b k pht l ngi k chp nhn (l nh NK
hoc NH ca ngi NK).
Ghi ngy chp nhn l bt buc hoc ty .
Chp nhn phi trong thi hn thanh ton ca B/E

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15

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K HU B/E

BO LNH B/E

K hu l hnh vi th hin bng ngn ng mt

sau hi phiu ca ngi th hng ng chuyn
nhng quyn hng li B/E cho mt ngi khc
c ch nh trn B/E
Cc loi k hu: ch danh
theo lnh
trng (v danh)
min truy i (Without recourse )

Cc hnh thc bo lnh: vn bn ring bit hoc

trc tip
Bo lnh phi v iu kin

K hu phi ton phn

K hu phi v iu kin
01/11/2014

Bo lnh l vic ngi th 3 cam kt vi ngi th

hng hi phiu s thc hin ngha v tr tin thay
cho ngi b k pht (l ngi c bo lnh) nu
khi n hn m ngi c bo lnh khng thanh
ton ng hn hoc khng y s tin hi phiu

91

Bo lnh c th ton phn hoc tng phn

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2. K PHIU

2. K PHIU
2.1. Khi nim v c im

K phiu (hi phiu nhn n)

- Nn c s bo lnh ca mt t chc c uy tn

l mt cam kt tr tin v iu kin do

ngi lp phiu k pht ha tr mt s tin
nht nh cho ngi th hng quy nh trn
k phiu hoc theo lnh ca ngi ny tr cho
ngi khc.

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93

- Khng c nghip v chp nhn thanh ton

- c pht hnh trc khi ngha v ca hp ng
giao dch c s c thc hin
- Cc quy nh iu chnh tng t hi phiu, cc
nghip v tng t hi phiu
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3. SC
3.1. Khi nim v c im

94

3. SC
3.2. Ngun lut iu chnh

L 1 t mnh lnh v iu kin do ngi ch

ti khon ra lnh cho NH trch t TK ca mnh
mt s tin nht nh tr cho ngi c tn
trong sc, hoc tr theo lnh ca ngi ny, hoc
tr cho ngi cm sc.

Lut Thng nht v Sec thuc Cng c

Geneva 1931
Lut Cc cng c chuyn nhng Vit Nam
nm 2005

- Sc l mt vn bn giy, c chia lm 2 phn:

phn cung sc ( lu v theo di quyt ton vi
NH) v phn tch ri (trao cho ngi th hng).
- c in sn theo mu ca tng NH.
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16

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3. SC
3.3. Ni dung chnh bt buc

S TIN CA SEC

Tiu Sc:
Lnh rt tin v iu kin:
S tin ghi trn sc:
Ni tr tin:
Thi hn tr tin
Ngi b k pht: ch yu l cc NHTM
Ngy v a im pht hnh
Ch k ca ngi k pht
01/11/2014

Khc gia s tin bng ch v s tin bng s:

$50,000.00

Fifty five thousand US dollars

Khc gia cc s tin ghi bng ch hoc s:

$50,000.00
$40,000.00
97

3. SC
3.4. Phn loi

Sc ch danh (Nominated check):

Sc v danh (Nameless check)
Sc theo lnh (Check to order)
Sc gch cho (Crossed check): mt trc ca sc c 2
gch cho song song, dng chuyn khon (k rt
tin mt). Gch cho thng v gch cho c bit.
Sc du lch (travellers check)
Sc chuyn khon(check transferable)
Sc thng mi/ sc ngn hng
Sc bo chi (Certified check)

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98

3. SC
3.5. Cc nghip v lin quan
Nghip v k hu chuyn nhng
Bo lnh thanh ton

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100

17