digiB

Hng dn khai thc b th nghim

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GII THIU

M T B TH NGHIM digiB
B th nghim digiB ca Binary l mt h thng mch in t thch hp cho
vic ging dy v thc hnh thit k h thng s. c im ni bt ca digiB l
tp trung hng dn cho ngi hc cch thc thit k cc h thng s. Ngi
hc c th t do sng to cc dng mch khc nhau nh vo s linh ng
trong cu trc module th nghim ca digiB.

B th nghim digiB bao gm:

Module chnh B-MAIN cha tt c cc trang thit b cn thit cho thc
hnh th nghim nh ngun cung cp, ngun pht sng, cung cp d liu
u vo, hin th mc logic ng ra... DGB-MAIN cn l ni t cc module

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th nghim, ln n 6 module th nghim c th c t ln DGB-MAIN

ng thi.
Cc module th nghim DGB-MOD a dng, bao trm tt c cc kin
thc trong lnh vc thit k s nh nh mch t hp, mch tun t, b nh,
chuyn i tng t - s... Cc module ny c thit k c th th
nghim c lp hoc kt hp cc module vi nhau to ra mt h thng
s hon chnh.
Ti liu hng dn s dng b th nghim DGB-MAN.
Ti liu hng dn th nghim DGB-DG vi nhiu bi th nghim t c
bn n nng cao nh cc cng n gin, h t hp, cc vi mch SSI,
MSI, ng dng ca mch t hp, h tun t ng b, bt ng b... DGBDG s hng dn ngi hc xy dng mt h thng th nghim mt cch
nhanh chng v hiu qu.

S DNG NHANH MODULE DGB-DI

Module DI c s dng cung cp cc tn hiu ng vo cho h thng s,
thng c t trong 1 ca B-MAIN, bao gm:
Ngun cung cp +5V, +12V. Ngun +12V ch dng khi lm vic vi vi
mch CMOS.
16 switch chng rung, c ng ra tng thch TTL v CMOS. Cng
tc gt ln l mc 1, gt xung l mc 0.
2 DIP SW 8 bit, in p thay i gia 0 v +5V.
Hai cng tc to xung, c ng ra TTL v CMOS. Ng ra c th tch cc
cnh ln hoc cnh xung. in p thay i gia 0 v +5V.

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S DNG NHANH MODULE DGB-DO

Module DO c s dng hin th cc ng ra ca mch s, thng c
t trong 2 ca B-MAIN, bao gm:
Ngun cung cp +5V.
16 led n, mc cao l sang, mc thp l tt.
4 led 7 on, mi led c 4 ng vo l dng BCD 8421 v 1 ng vo cho
du chm dp.
1 led ma trn 8x8. sng mt im nh trn ma trn, tn hiu hng
phi c mc logic 0 v tn hiu ct tng ng phi c mc logic 1.

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1 loa.

HNG DN S DNG NHANH

Tt ngun trn B-MAIN.
t module DGB-DI v DGB-DO vo v tr 1, 2 trn DGB-MAIN. y l
hai module lun c s dng trong th nghim. N cung cp cc tn hiu
s ng vo DI v hin th kt qu ng ra DO. Ngi thc hnh nn xem
thm phn hng dn nhanh cch thc s dng hai module ny.
t cc module th nghim khc vo cc v tr 3, 4, 5, 6 trn DGB-MAIN
ty theo yu cu ca bi th nghim.
Thc hin cc kt ni cn thit. c bit ch cc chn cp ngun.

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M ngun v kim tra hot ng ca mch.

LU QUAN TRNG V KT NI NGUN TRN CC MODULE

Trn mi module th nghim u c cc chn cp ngun +5V, c th c
thm chn ngun +12V. Ngi th nghim khng c cp nhm ngun
vo cc chn ny.
Chn ngun c k hiu +12V c s dng cho cc vi mch dng
CMOS. i vi trng hp khng s dng chun in p CMOS,
ngi s dng nn b trng chn ngun +12V. V CMOS cng c th
lm vic vi in p +5V nn ngi s dng cng c th ni ngun +5V
trn B-MAIN n cc chn ngun +12V ny.

TM TT CC NI DUNG TH NGHIM
Phn 1: Thit k mch t hp
Kho st cng logic
Thit k hm dng cng logic
Kho st vi mch chc nng
Thit k hm dng vi mch chc nng
Thit k h t hp
Phn 2: Thit k mch tun t
Kho st vi mch tun t c bn
Thit k h tun t t cc thnh phn c bn
Kho st vi mch tun t chc nng

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ng dng vi mch tun t chc nng

Thit k h tun t
Phn 3: Thit k my trng thi
My Moore
My Mealy
Phn 4: Th nghim mch nh
Phn 5: Th nghim mch bin i tng t - s
Phn 6: Thit k h thng s

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2
GI THIT K S VI digiB

PHN 1 - THIT K MCH T HP

Mch logic t hp c xy dng t cc cng logic c bn. Ng ra ca mch
ch ph thuc vo gi tr ca ng vo hin ti. Ng ra ca mch t hp c th
c biu din bng hm Boolean.
Cc thnh phn chnh ca mch t hp bao gm cc bin ng vo, cc cng
logic, v cc bin ng ra. C bin ng vo v ng ra u c dng nh phn, tc
l 0 v 1.
Mch c n bin ng vo s c 2n t hp ng vo khc nhau, mi t hp tng
ng vi mt gi tr bin ng ra. Trc khi thit k mch logic t hp, ngi
thit k cn nm c cc kin thc sau:
Bng s tht ca cc cng logic
Hm Boolean
Ba Karnaugh
nh l DeMorgan
C nhiu cch c th xy dng mch logic t hp nh:
Dng cc cng c bn AND, OR, NOT
Dng cc cng m rng NAND, NOR, XOR

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Da trn cc mch chc nng nh AOI (AND-OR-INVERT), gii m

(decoder), m ha (encoder), dn knh (multiplexer), phn knh
(demultiplexer), v cc mch ph tr khc nh cc cng cc thu h (opencollector), cng 3 trng thi (tri-state gate), mch so snh
Phn th nghim ny s gip ngi hc kho st hot ng ca cc cng c
bn, cc mch chc nng t hp, v s dng chng trong thit k cc mch t
hp khc nhau.
1. CNG LOGIC C BN AND, OR, NOT
Mc ch
Hiu mc logic.
Kho st chc nng ca cc cng logic c bn AND, OR, NOT.
Cch thc thit k cc h t hp n gin t cc cng logic ny.
L thuyt c bn
Trong mch s, s tng ng gia mc logic 0 v 1 v in p thng
c biu din nh sau

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Cc mc in p VL, VH c th l bao nhiu s ty thuc vo chun in p

ang dng. C nhiu dng chun v d nh TTL (mc 1 t 2V ~ 5V, mc 0
t 0V ~ 0.8V, c minh ha trong hnh trn), CMOS (mc 1 t 3.5V ~ 5V,
mc 0 t 0V ~ 1.5V vi ngun cung cp 5V), LVTTL (mc 1 t 2V ~ 3.3V,
mc 0 t 0V ~ 0.8V), Nh vy khi thit k mch vi nhiu dng in p,
ngi thit k cn phi m bo chng tng thch mc in p vi nhau.
Trong digiB, ngi s dng ch yu dng vi mch loi TTL.
Biu tng, bng s tht, biu thc ca cc cng logic c bn c v trong
hnh sau

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Th nghim 1.1
Kho st hot ng ca cc cng AND, OR, NOT.
Hng dn
S dng cc module: B-MAIN, DI, DO, v CLG.

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Cp ngun +5V t B-MAIN cho cc module DI, DO, v CLG. Chn cp

ngun c k hiu +12V trn module DI v CLG dng cho vi mch
CMOS nn c th b trng v khng cn s dng.
S dng cc cng AND (74LS08), OR (74LS32), NOT (74LS04),
Schmitt Trigger (74LS14) trn CLG kho st bng cch ni ng vo n
switch trn DI, ng ra n led n trn DO.
Tn hiu ng vo c ly t cc switch trn module DI, tn hiu ng ra
a n cc led trn module DO. Lu l v kho st vi mch TTL nn phi
s dng cc switch TTL.

Module CLG cha cc cng logic t hp

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Kim tra
Xc nhn hot ng ca cc cng logic c bn ny.
Nhn xt s khc bit gia 74LS04 v 74LS14.
Th nghim 1.2
Thit k hm dng cc cng AND, OR, NOT. Hm gi f ( x, y , z ) x yz (Hm
ny c th khc ty theo yu cu ca ngi hng dn).
Hng dn
S dng cc module B-MAIN, DI, DO, CLG.
Cp ngun +5V t B-MAIN cho cc module DI, DO, v CLG. Chn cp
ngun c k hiu +12V trn module DI v CLG dng cho vi mch
CMOS nn c th b trng v khng cn s dng.
Rt gn hm nu cn. Trong trng hp ca hm gi trn th khng
cn rt gn na.
V s mch dng cc cng AND, OR, NOT.
u dy cho mch theo s , trong tn hiu ng vo x, y, z c ly
t cc switch trn DI, ng ra hm c a n led n trn DO d
quan st mc logic. Lu l nn dng cc vi mch TTL.
Kim tra
Xc nhn hot ng ca mch.
2. CNG LOGIC KHC NAND, NOR, XOR, 3-STATE, CC THU H
Mc ch

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Kho st chc nng ca cc cng NAND, NOR, XOR, 3-state, cc thu

h.
ng dng thit k hm ch dng cng NAND.
L thuyt c bn
Bng s tht, biu tng mch, biu thc ca cc cng NAND, NOR, XOR
c trnh by nh sau

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C th thy l cc cng NAND, NOR c xy dng nn t 2 trong 3 dng

cng c bn. Kt hp thm nh l DeMorgan, ngi thit k c th xy dng
mt mch t hp ch cn dng mt loi cng NAND hoc NOR. Cng XOR
thng c dng trong cc php so snh hoc trong mch to parity.

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Cng 3 trng thi (3-state) thng c dng trong trng hp mun ni

nhiu ng ra n 1 ng tn hiu chung. Lc ny ti mt thi im ch c mt
cng c php ni n ng tn hiu, cc ng ra khc phi vo trng thi
th 3 (tng ng vi trng thi h mch). Trong thc t ta thng gp
trng hp mun ni chung cc bus li vi nhau (mi bus c th l 8-bit, 16bit,). Cc vi mch 240, 244, 245 l cc b m 3 trng thi 8-bit, thng
c dng trong trng hp ni chung cc bus d liu vi nhau. Hnh sau l
vi mch 3 trng thi 125 v s cu trc, bng s tht ca vi mch 240
cha 8 b m o 3 trng thi. Tn hiu cho php l OEa v OEb tch cc
mc thp.

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Cc thu h (hoc cc mng h) l mt loi cng h tr giao tip. Cc thu h

c th c dng trong trng hp ngi thit k mun chuyn mc logic t
mt giao tip gia cc mc in p khc nhau. Lc ny, ngi thit k phi kt
ni thm in tr bn ngoi ko ln ngun kn mch cc thu (hoc cc
mng). Hnh di l cu trc bn trong ca vi mch c ng ra cc thu h v
cch ni in tr ko ln kn mch cc thu.

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Th nghim 2.1
Kho st hot ng ca cc cng NAND, NOR, XOR, 3-state, cc thu h.
Hng dn
S dng cc module: B-MAIN, DI, DO, v CLG.
Cp ngun +5V t B-MAIN cho cc module DI, DO, v CLG. Chn cp
ngun c k hiu +12V trn module DI v CLG dng cho vi mch
CMOS nn c th b trng v khng cn s dng.
S dng cc cng NAND (74LS00), NOR (74LS02), XOR (74LS86), 3state (74LS125), m cc thu h (74LS07) trn CLG kho st bng
cch ni ng vo n switch trn DI, ng ra n led n trn DO.
Tn hiu ng vo c ly t cc switch trn DI, tn hiu ng ra a n
cc led trn DO. Lu l v kho st vi mch TTL nn phi s dng cc
switch TTL.
Kim tra
Xc nhn hot ng ca cc cng logic ny.

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Th nghim 2.2
Lp li th nghim 3 cho cng NAND CD4011. Lu rng y l vi mch dng
CMOS (ngun cung cp cho vi mch ny l +12V, tuy nhin cng c th dng
ngun +5V).
Hng dn
S dng cc module: B-MAIN, DI, DO, v CLG.
Cp ngun +5V t B-MAIN cho cc module DI, DO, v CLG. Chn cp
ngun c k hiu +12V trn module DI v CLG dng lm ngun cp cho vi
mch CMOS CD4011, do chn ny cn c ni n ngun +12V hoc
+5V (mc d k hiu l +12V nhng vn c th dng ngun +5V cho
CMOS).
S dng switch CMOS trn DI ni n cc ng vo ca vi mch trn
CLG tng thch in p.

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Lu :
- Dng ngun
+12V
- Dng switch
CMOS trn DI

Lu ngun cp cho DI v CLG khi dng vi mch CMOS CD4011

Kim tra
Kim tra hot ng ca cng logic.
Th nghim 2.3
Thit k li hm trong th nghim 1.2 ch dng mt loi cng NAND.
Hng dn
S dng cc module: B-MAIN, DI, DO, v CLG.
Cp ngun +5V t B-MAIN cho cc module DI, DO, v CLG. Chn cp
ngun c k hiu +12V trn module DI v CLG dng cho vi mch
CMOS nn c th b trng v khng cn s dng.
S dng cc cng NAND (74LS00) thit k hm.

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 c th thit k hm ch dng mt loi cng NAND, ngi thc hnh

cn chuyn i biu thc hm sang dng ton NAND. Biu thc ca hm
trong th nghim 1.2 c th vit li nh sau f ( x, y, z ) x yz x yz x. yz .
Biu thc ny sn sng thit k vi ch cng NAND. C th l cn
dng 2 cng NAND (khng k cng NOT), hoc nu c yu cu to cng
NOT t cng NAND th cn tt c 4 cng NAND. S mch ca hm trn
c kt ni nh hnh
Kim tra
Kim tra li hot ng ca mch v so snh vi th nghim 1.2.
3. THIT K MCH T HP T CNG LOGIC
Mc ch
Nm c phng php thit k mch t hp dng SOP hoc POS t
cc loi cng logic.
Thit k mt s mch t hp chc nng n gin.
Th nghim 3.1
Trong th nghim ny, gio vin hng dn s cung cp cho ngi thc hnh
hm t hp dng SOP cn thit k. Nhim v ca ngi thc hnh l s dng
tt c cc loi cng c trn CLG thit k mch .
v d, ngi thc hnh c th s dng hm gi vi biu thc nh sau:

f ( A, B, C , D) m 2,3, 4,5, 6, 7,9,12,13,14,15 .

Hng dn
S dng cc module: B-MAIN, DI, DO, v CLG.

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Cp ngun +5V t B-MAIN cho cc module DI, DO, v CLG. Chn cp

ngun c k hiu +12V trn module DI v CLG dng cho vi mch
CMOS nn c th b trng v khng cn s dng.
Khi gp yu cu thit k mt h thng s no , nhim v ca ngi
thit k l phi xy dng c bng s tht cho h thng . Bng s tht
l duy nht cho mt h thng, m t bn cht ca h thng . Trong v d
trn, v hm c a ra di dng SOP nn rt d dng tm li c
bng s tht cho hm. Sau ngi thc hnh nn thc hin ti u hm
nu c th. Trong trng hp thit k ny, ta thc hin rt gn hm bng
cch lp ba Karnaugh nh sau

Nh vy, hm rt gn c kt qu l f ( A, B, C , D ) ACD B AC .
Hm c dng SOP nn c th c thit k d dng vi cu trc mch AOI
(AND-OR-INVERT). S mch ca hm ny c mc nh sau
Kim tra
Kim tra hot ng ca mch m bo l mch hot ng theo ng
bng s tht.

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Th thit k li hm ch s dng cng NAND.

Th nghim 3.2
Vi th nghim ny, ngi thc hnh s thit k mt hm c dng POS (Ngi
hng dn c th yu cu thit k mt hm ty ). Hm gi trong th nghim
ny l f ( A, B, C ) M 0,1, 2,3, 6 .
Hng dn
S dng cc module: B-MAIN, DI, DO, v CLG.
Cp ngun +5V t B-MAIN cho cc module DI, DO, v CLG. Chn cp
ngun c k hiu +12V trn module DI v CLG dng cho vi mch
CMOS nn c th b trng v khng cn s dng.
Trc tin c th rt gn hm bng cch lp ba Karnaugh nh hnh
sau

Hm c rt gn l f ( A, B, C ) A B C . Hm c dng POS nn
ngi thit k c th dng cu trc OAI (OR-AND-INVERT) xy dng
hm.

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Kim tra
Kim tra hot ng ca mch theo yu cu thit k.
Th thit k li hm ch dng mt loi cng NOR.
4. CC KHI CHC NNG THNG DNG V VI MCH CHC NNG
Mc ch
Thit k mt s khi chc nng thng dng t cc cng c bn.
Nm c qui trnh thit k v thc hin h thng s.
Cc k thut trong thit k s.
Kho st cc vi mch chc nng thng dng c sn.
L thuyt c bn
Trong thc t, cc h thng s ln t khi c xy dng t cc cng logic c
bn (logic gates) nh AND, OR, NOT, NAND, v s thit k s rt phc
tp. Thay vo , ngi ta nh ngha sn mt s khi chc nng nh m ha,
gii m, dn knh, so snh, ALU, b nh, v h thng s s c xy dng
da trn cc khi chc nng ny. Nh vy ta c kin trc thit k thc t nh
sau
Cng logic Khi chc nng H thng s
(Logic gates Functional blocks Digital systems)
Phn di y m t bng s tht v s chn ca mt s vi mch chc
nng thng gp

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74LS138 3-to-8 Decoder/Demultiplexer

74LS148 8-to-3 Priority Encoder

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74LS151 8-to-1 Multiplexer

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74LS47 BCD to 7-Segment Decoder/Driver ng ra cc thu h

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74LS85 4-bit Magnitude Comparator

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74LS283 4-bit Binary Adder with Fast Carry

Th nghim 4.1
Trong phn ny, ngi thc hnh s thit k mt s khi chc nng (khi chc
nng c chn c th ty theo theo yu cu ca ngi hng dn) t cc

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cng logic c bn. Khi chc nng gi trong th nghim ny l mch gii m
2 sang 4 vi bng s tht v s chn nh sau

Hng dn
S dng cc module: B-MAIN, DI, DO, v CLG.
Cp ngun +5V t B-MAIN cho cc module DI, DO, v CLG. Chn cp
ngun c k hiu +12V trn module DI v CLG dng cho vi mch
CMOS nn c th b trng v khng cn s dng.
Da trn bng s tht, vit biu thc v v c s mch cho vi
mch nh hnh di

Thc hin vi mch chc nng ny dng cc cng logic c bn trn

module CLG theo s trn.

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Kim tra
Kim tra hot ng ca khi chc nng ny theo bng s tht.
C s no khc c th dng thit k cc ng ra ny hay khng?
Th nghim 4.2
th nghim 4.1, ngi thc hnh bit cch xy dng nn cc thnh phn
chc nng c bn trong k thut s. Trong th nghim ny, ngi thc hnh s
kho st hot ng ca cc vi mch chc nng thng dng s dng module
CLF. Cc vi mch cn kho st gm vi mch gii m 3 sang 8 74LS138, vi
mch m ha 8 sang 3 74LS148, vi mch dn knh 8 sang 1 74LS151, vi
mch gii m BCD sang 7 on 74LS47, vi mch so snh 74LS85, vi mch
cng 74LS283.
Hng dn
S dng module B-MAIN, DI, DO, v CLF.
Cp ngun +5V t B-MAIN cho cc module DI, DO, v CLF. Chn cp
ngun c k hiu +12V trn module DI dng cho CMOS nn c th b
trng v khng cn s dng.
Da trn m t ca cc vi mch ang kho st, ni ng vo ca vi mch
n cc switch trn DI, ni ng ra ca vi mch n cc led n trn DO.
Da trn bng s tht ca vi mch ang kho st, kim tra li hot ng
ca vi mch .

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Module CLF cha cc vi mch t hp chc nng

Kim tra
Kho st v xc nhn bng s tht ca tng vi mch.
Mt s vi mch c nhiu ng vo, tuy nhin c cn kho st tt c cc t
hp ng vo c th c hay khng? Ti sao?
5. NG DNG VI MCH CHC NNG
Mc ch
Nm c ng dng c bn ca cc vi mch chc nng.
L thuyt c bn

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T phn trn ngi thc hnh bit l c th xy dng cc h thng s t

cc khi chc nng. Ngoi ra, phn trn cng trnh by mt s khi chc
nng tiu biu. Trong phn ny ngi thc hnh s s dng cc vi mch chc
nng trn module CLF thit k h t hp.
Th nghim 5.1
Thit k hm

f ( x, y, z ) m 0,1,3, 4 bng cch dng vi mch gii m

74LS138 hoc vi mch dn knh (MUX) 74LS151 v cc cng logic cn thit

khc.
Hng dn
S dng module B-MAIN, DI, DO, CLG, CLF.
Cp ngun +5V t B-MAIN cho cc module DI, DO, v CLF. Chn cp
ngun c k hiu +12V trn module DI dng cho CMOS nn c th b
trng v khng cn s dng.
Ni cc ng vo ca hm x, y, z n cc switch trn DI, ni ng ra ca
hm f n led n trn DO.
Ch n mi lin h gia hm cn thit k v cc biu thc ng ra ca
74LS138 (hoc 74LS151). Gi thit k: hm cn thit k c vit di
dng tng ca cc tch. Trong khi , mi ng ra ca vi mch 74LS138 c
biu thc l mt tng ca cc bin ng vo (maxterm). i vi 74LS151,
ng ra ca vi mch cng c dng tng ca cc tch. T cc nhn xt , c
th thy l hm c th c thit k vi cc vi mch chc nng.
Kim tra
Kim tra s chnh xc ca hm thit k.

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Bn cnh vic to hm 3 bin, th dng vi mch 74LS151 thit k

hm 4 bin sau f ( x, y, z , w) m 0,1,3, 4, 6, 7,8,10,12,13
6. THIT K MT S MCH T HP
Mc ch
Trong phn ny, ngi thc hnh c t do s dng cc module BMAIN, DI, DO, CLG, v CLF thit k h t hp.
Phn ny ch a ra mt s gi thit k. Ngi hng dn c th ty
ra yu cu thit k.
Th nghim 6.1
Thit k mch thc hin cng tr 2 s 4-bit c biu din di dng b 2.
Kt qu c th hin th ln led n hoc led 7 on.
Th nghim 6.2
Thit k mt ALU 4-bit, thc hin c cc php ton s hc +/-, v logic AND,
NOT. Php tnh c chn ty thuc vo mt tn hiu iu khin kch thc 2bit.

PHN 2 - THIT K MCH TUN T

Mch tun t l cc mch m ng ra ca n ph thuc vo ng vo v trng
thi hin ti ca ng ra. Cc mch tun t c xy dng t cc thnh phn
nh c bn l flip-flop v cht. Cc thnh phn ny s gi li trng thi hin ti
ca mch, gip xc nh chnh xc trng thi k tip ng ra.

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7. CC THNH PHN TUN T C BN

Mc ch
Kho st cc thnh phn tun t c bn D-FF v JK-FF
Thit k cc h tun t c bn t cc cng logic.
L thuyt c bn
Bng hot ng ca D-FF (74LS74) v JK-FF (74LS112) c m t trong
bng sau

S chn v bng hot ng ca D-FF kch cnh dng 74LS74

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S chn v bng hot ng ca JK-FF kch cnh m 74LS112

Th nghim 7.1
Kho st hot ng ca D-FF v JK-FF.
Hng dn
S dng module B-MAIN, DI, DO, SD.
Cp ngun +5V t B-MAIN cho cc module DI, DO, v SD. Chn cp
ngun c k hiu +12V trn module DI dng cho CMOS nn c th b
trng v khng cn s dng.
Ni cc ng vo ca flip flop n cc switch trn DI, ni ng ra ca flip
flop n led n trn DO.
Da trn bng s tht kho st li hot ng ca cc cng ny. Lu :
D-FF c clock kch cnh ln v JK-FF c clock kch cnh xung.

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Module SD cha cc thnh phn tun t c bn

Kim tra
Xc nhn hot ng ca cc thnh phn tun t c bn ny.
8. THIT K H TUN T T CC THNH PHN C BN
Mc ch
Nm c nguyn tc chung thit k h tun t t cc thnh phn
nh c bn.
Thit k cc dng b m khc nhau.

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L thuyt c bn
Trong phn ny, ngi thc hnh s nm c cch thit k cc mch m
dng ni tip hoc song song t cc thnh phn tun t c bn v cc cng
logic.
Th nghim 8.1
Thit k mch m ln t 0 n 5 dng ni tip s dng D-FF.
Hng dn
S dng module B-MAIN, DI, DO, CLG, SD.
Cp ngun +5V t B-MAIN cho cc module DI, DO, CLG v SD. Chn
cp ngun c k hiu +12V trn module DI dng cho CMOS nn c th
b trng v khng cn s dng.
Ng vo xung clock c th c ly t ngun clock chun trn B-MAIN
(standard clock 1Hz, TTL), hoc t cc switch trn DI. Ng vo preset, clear
c th c ly t switch trn DI. Ng ra ca b m c a n cc led
n trn DO kim tra (hoc c th a vo khi led 7 on trn module
DO c gi tr).
Vi mch m t 0 n 5 (6 trng thi), 3 D-FF s c s dng. V l
mch m ln v clock kch cnh ln nn ng ra Q ca flip-flop trc s
c ni n ng vo clock ca flip-flop sau. Tn hiu reset ( xa trng
thi ca b m v 0) s tch cc khi ng ra Q2Q1Q0 ca mch c gi tr l
6. Tn hiu reset ny s c to t mt mch t hp tng ng. Cu trc
mch c dng tng t nh sau (s ch mang tnh tham kho)

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Kim tra
Xc nhn hot ng ca mch.
Th nghim 8.2
Thit k mch m ln t 0 n 7 dng song song dng JK-FF.
Hng dn
Thc hin tng t th nghim 8.1.
Mt s thay i quan trng: ng vo clock c ni song song gia cc
flip-flop. Khng c mch to tn hiu preset, clear. Thay vo , ngi thit
k cn tnh mch t hp cho cc ng vo J, K ca flip-flop.
Ngi thit k cn xy dng bng trng thi hin ti k tip c th
xc nh c bng kch thch cho mch. S dng bng kch thch thit
k h t hp cho cc ng vo J, K ca cc flip-flop.
3 ng ra ca flip-flop c th a n khi led 7 on trn module DO.
Gi : cu trc mch c dng tng t nh sau (s ch mang tnh
tham kho)

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M hnh tham kho cho th nghim 8.2

Kim tra
Xc nhn hot ng ca mch.
9. CC VI MCH TUN T CHC NNG
Mc ch
Kho st mt s mch tun t chc nng nh b m, thanh ghi dch
74LS164, 74LS165, 74LS393, 74LS193, 74LS194.
ng dng cc vi mch chc nng ny.
L thuyt c bn
Di y l bng s tht v s chn ca cc vi mch chc nng. kho
st y hn c th tham kho datasheet ca cc vi mch ny.

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Thanh ghi dch ni tip sang song song 74LS164

Thanh ghi dch song song sang ni tip 74LS165

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B m ln/xung ng b 4-bit 74LS193

Thanh ghi dch 2 chiu 4-bit 74LS194

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Hai b m 4-bit 74LS393

Th nghim 9.1
Kho st hot ng ca cc vi mch m v thanh ghi dch trn.
Hng dn
S dng module B-MAIN, DI, DO, CLG v SD.
Cp ngun +5V t B-MAIN cho cc module DI, DO, CLG v SD. Chn
cp ngun c k hiu +12V trn module DI dng cho CMOS nn c th
b trng v khng cn s dng.
Ng vo xung clock cho b m v thanh ghi dch c th c ly t
ngun clock chun trn B-MAIN (standard clock 1Hz, TTL), hoc t cc
switch trn DI. Cc ng vo khc c th c ly t cc switch trn DI. Ng
ra ca b m v thanh ghi dch c a n cc led n trn DO

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kim tra (ng ra b m c th a vo khi led 7 on trn module DO

c gi tr cho thun tin).

Module SLF cha cc vi mch tun t chc nng

Kim tra
Thc hin kho st chc nng ca cc vi mch. Lu ng vo phi ni
n module DI, ng ra phi ni n module DO.
10. NG DNG CC VI MCH TUN T CHC NNG
Mc ch
ng dng cc vi mch chc nng trong thit k h tun t.

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Phi hp cc vi mch tun t v t hp.

Th nghim 10.1
Thit k b m ln 8-bit.
Hng dn
S dng module B-MAIN, DI, DO, CLG v SD.
Gi : c th dng vi mch 74LS393. Vi mch ny bao gm 2 b m 4bit, th tm cch ni tip 2 b m ny.
Ng ra ca b m c th c a n khi led n trn DO kim
tra.
Th nghim 10.2
Thit k b m ln c 24 trng thi t 0 n 23.
Hng dn
S dng module B-MAIN, DI, DO, CLG v SD.
Kt hp vi mch m 74LS393 vi module t hp CLG to tn hiu
reset khi ng ra ca b m t n gi tr 24.
Ng ra ca b m c ni n khi led n trn module DO.
11. THIT K MT S MCH TUN T M RNG
Th nghim 11.1
Thit k ng h s bao gm tn hiu pht v giy. n gin, ng h
khng cn tn hiu chnh, mc nh chy t 00:00.
Hng dn

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S dng module B-MAIN, DI, DO, CLG v SD.

Ng vo ca ng h l tn hiu xung clock 1Hz.
Ng ra ca tn hiu pht v giy c th c a n khi led 7 on
trn module DO kho st.

PHN 3 - THIT K MY TRNG THI

12. MY MOORE
Mc ch
L thuyt c bn
Th nghim 12.1
Hng dn
Kim tra
13. MY MEALY
Mc ch
L thuyt c bn
Th nghim 13.1
Hng dn
Kim tra

PHN 4 - TH NGHIM MCH NH

Cc vi mch nh nh ROM v RAM cng c th c s dng thit k cc
h t hp. Lc ny cc ng vo a ch ng vai tr l cc bin ca h t hp,

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ng ra d liu ca mch nh chnh l gi tr hm. Nh vy, mt b nh vi 8

ng d liu v 12 ng a ch c th biu din c 8 hm ng thi,
trong mi hm c ti a 12 bin.
14. KHO ST HOT NG CA CC VI MCH NH
Mc ch
Kho st hot ng ca cc vi mch nh thng dng l ROM v RAM.
Nm c cch thc truy xut b nh.
nm c chi tit v hot ng ca cc vi mch ny, ngi thc
hnh nn tham kho thm datasheet ca cc vi mch trc khi bt u th
nghim.
L thuyt c bn
S chn v m t chc nng ca hai vi mch nh tiu biu l 28C64 v
6264 c tm tt nh sau

S chn chc nng ca b nh EEPROM 8Kx8 AT28C64

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S chn chc nng ca b nh RAM 8Kx8 HM6264

Th nghim 14.1
Kho st hot ng ca vi mch RAM HM6264.
Hng dn
S dng module B-MAIN, DI, DO v MEM.
Hai tn hiu CE-ROM v CE-RAM tch cc mc thp dung cho php
cc vi mch ROM v RAM c php hot ng. Ti mt thi im ch c
mt trong hai tn hiu c php tch cc. V cc tn hiu ny s dng
chung bus d liu nn nu c hai vi mch c cho php ng thi th s
xy ra hin tng tranh chp bus.

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Ni cc ng vo n module DI, ni ng ra n khi led n ca module

DO. Kho st vi mch nh RAM bng cch th ghi mt gi tr ngu nhin
vo b nh, sau c v tr b nh ny kim tra s chnh xc ca d
liu.

Module MEM cha b nh RAM v ROM 8Kx8

Th nghim 14.2
Thc hin hin th 8 nh u tin ca vi mch ROM AT28C64 ln led ma trn
ca module DO.

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Hng dn
Ngoi cc module B-MAIN, DI, DO, MEM, ngi s dng cn phi hp
thm cc module t hp v tun t.
Lu l khi led ma trn c thit k vi tn hiu hng v ct u c
mc tch cc l 1.
Mt b m s qut lin tc cc nh ca b nh (bng cch kt ni
vi ng vo a ch ca b nh), b m ny cng ng b vi tn hiu qut
hng ca khi led ma trn. D liu t ng ra ca b nh s c a n
ct.
V s thit k trc khi thc s kt ni mch.

PHN 5 - TH NGHIM MCH BIN I TNG T - S

PHN 6 - THIT K H THNG S

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