Doko - VN 209637 DTM Du An Dau Tu Xay Dung Nha May San X

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.
000 KWh/nm
M U
1. Xut x d n
Vit Nam, ngnh cng nghip ng vai tr quan trng trong nn kinh t,
to ra nhiu vic lm, thc y s pht trin ca x hi v l ngun thu nhp
chnh ca quc gia c bit trong thi k hi nhp AFTA, WTO. Hin nay vn
u t sn xut cc sn phm c kh nng sn xut trong nc, thay th cc
sn phm nhp khu c chnh ph ht sc quan tm khi hoch nh cc chin
lc pht trin ngnh cng nghip ni chung v ngnh cng nghip ho cht ni
ring. Mc tiu ca chnh sch ny l:
Ni a ho dn cc sn phm sn xut, p ng nhu cu tiu dng trong
nc v hng ti xut khu.
S dng c hiu qu ngun ti nguyn thin nhin sn c trong nc.
m bo tnh n nh v mt cung cp sn phm.
Gim tiu hao ngoi t.
Tng nng lc sn xut, nng cao kh nng c lp - t ch v kinh t
quc phng, khoa hc cng ngh.
i vi nn cng nghip nc ta ang trong qu trnh hi nhp WTO th xu
th sn xut sn phm sch m bo an ton cho ngi s dng v mi trng
ang c cc nh sn xut cng nghip ht sc quan tm. c bit nhanh
chng gim bt khong cch v trnh khoa hc k thut so vi Th gii, tip
cn nhanh vi khoa hc k thut hin i.
Th trng c quy t v xe my trn th gii l rt ln, trong nhu cu
c quy cho xe t, xe my lp mi ch khong 20-30%, cn ch yu cho nhu
cu thay th chim 70% - 80% . Th trng tiu th ch yu cc khu vc Chu
u chim 32%, Chu chim 27%, Chu M chim 34%.
Do tnh nng u vit ca c quy kn kh khng bo dng nh cu trc
bnh kn, khng b r r, khng phi thng xuyn kim tra nc trong qu trnh
s dng, tui th cao gp 2 ln c quy ch axt, kh nng phc hi nhanh sau khi
phng in, khng gp tnh trng phng in trong thi gian di s dng.
Ch u t: Cng ty TNHH Long Sn
n v t vn: Cng ty TNHH T vn v Chuyn giao Cng ngh Mi trng Thng Long
|1
TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm
Trong tin trnh pht trin i ln cng t nc hi nhp kinh t khu vc v

th gii, trong nhng nm qua nc ta lun duy tr tc pht trin nn kinh t
mc 6%-8% mi nm.
Trong tng trng chung ca c nc mt s ngnh kinh t quan trng c lin
quan n vic s dng c quy v ang tip tc pht trin l cc ngnh:
- Ngnh cng nghip t, xe my: sn xut ra cc loi t, xe my vn
chuyn hnh khch, vn ti hng ho, nhu cu i li ca ngi dn.
-Ngnh cng nghip tu thu: tu sng, tu bin, phc v cho nhu cu vn
ti hng ho bng ng sng, ng bin.
-Ngnh sn xut nng nghip: my cy, my ko ngy mt tng theo qui
m v mc c gii ho.
-Phc v nhu cu ca ngi dn trong cuc sng.
Trong cng thi i cng nghip th nhu cu s dng c quy nhiu nht l
cc phng tin vn chuyn, vn ti hng ho.
Tng hp cc thng tin nghin cu th trng ca Cng ty TNHH Long
Sn, th lng tiu th c quy ca Vit Nam nm 2010 khong 2.842.895 KWh.
Vi dung lng tiu th nh vy m thc t kh nng sn xut ca cc doanh
nghip Vit Nam hin nay c t khong 1.524.589 KWh, nh vy cui nm
2010 u nm 2011 s thiu khong 1.318.000 KWh. Sn lng thiu ny s
tng ln theo tng trng ca th trng t v xe my, n nm 2015 th
trng d bo s rt thiu .
Vi tc tng trng nh trn, mc cu v dung lng c quy s vt
mc 3.100.000 KWh vo nm 2015. p ng nhu cu ca th trng, Cng
ty TNHH Long Sn u t xy dng d n Nh my sn xut c quy vi cng
sut 600.000 KWh/nm.
Cng ty TNHH Long Sn l ch u t, ng thi l n v ph duyt d
n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm
D n nm trong Khu cng nghip Khnh Ph, tnh Ninh Bnh.

|2
2. Cn c php lut v k thut ca vic thc hin nh gi nh tc ng

mi trng
Cc vn bn php lut
Lut Bo v mi trng c Quc hi thng qua ngy 29/11/2005 (Lut
s 52/2005/QH);
Lut ha cht s 06/2007/QH12 c Quc hi kha 11, k hp th 2,
thng qua ngy 21/11/2007, c hiu lc ngy 1/7/2008;
Lut t ai s 13/2003/QH11 ngy 26/11/2003 ca Quc hi nc
CHXHCNVN kha 11, k hp th 4, c hiu lc ngy 01/07/2004;
Lut xy dng s 16/2003/QH11 ngy 26/11/2003 ca Quc hi nc
CHXHCNVN kha 11, k hp th 4, c hiu lc ngy 01/07/2004;
Ngh nh s 108/2008/N-CP ngy 7/10/2008 quy nh chi tit v hng
dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Ha cht;
Ngh nh s 90/2009/N-CP ngy 20/10/2009 quy nh v x pht vi
phm hnh chnh trong hot ng ha cht;
Ngh nh 149/2007/N-CP v khai thc v s dng ti nguyn nc v x
nc thi vo ngun nc;
Ngh nh 174/2007/N-CP v ph bo v mi trng i vi cht thi rn;
Ngh nh s 181/2004/N-CP ngy 29/10/2004 ca Chnh ph v thi
hnh Lut t ai;
Ngh nh s 21/2008/N-CP ngy 28/2/2008 v sa i, b sung mt s
iu ca Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09 thng 8 nm 2006 ca
Chnh ph v vic quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca
Lut Bo v mi trng;
Ngh nh s 29/2008/N-CP ngy 14/3/2008 Quy nh v khu cng
nghip, khu ch xut v khu kinh t;
Ngh nh s 59/2007/N-CP ngy 09/4/2007 ca Chnh ph v qun l cht
thi rn;
|3
Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph v quy nh

chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca lut Bo v mi trng;
Ngh nh s 88/2007/N- CP, ban hnh ngy 28/5/2007 v thot nc
th v khu cng nghip;
Ngh nh s 36 CP ngy 24/04/1997 ca Chnh ph ban hnh quy ch khu
cng nghip, khu ch xut, khu cng ngh cao;
Ngh nh s 89/N-CP ca Chnh ph ban hnh ngy 30 thng 8 nm
2006 v nhn hng ho;
Quyt nh s 178/199/Q-TTg ngy 30/08/1999 ca Th tng Chnh
ph v vic ban hnh Quy ch ghi nhn hng ho lu thng trong nc v
hng ho xut nhp khu;
Quyt nh s 95/2000/Q-TTg ngy 15/08/2000 ca Th tng Chnh
ph v vic iu chnh b sung mt s ni dung ca quy ch ghi nhn hng
ho lu thng trong nc v hng ho nhp khu ban hnh km theo Quyt
nh s 178/1999/Q-TTg ngy 30/08/1999 ca Th tung Chnh ph;
Quyt nh s 23/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 26 thng 12 nm 2006 v vic
ban hnh danh mc cht thi nguy hi;
Quyt nh s 790/UBND VP4 ca y ban nhn dn tnh Ninh Bnh v
vic iu chnh d n Nh my ng tu v sn xut kt cu thp ca
Cng ty TNHH Long Sn ti KCN Khnh Ph.
Thng t s 09/2009/TT-BXD ngy 21/05/2009 Quy nh chi tit thc
hin mt s ni dung ca Ngh nh s 88/2007/N-CP ngy 28/5/2007
ca Chnh ph v thot nc th v khu cng nghip;
Thng t s 19/2009 ngy 30/06/2009 Quy nh v qun l u t xy
dng trong khu cng nghip v khu kinh t;
Thng t lin tch 1590/1997/TTLT-BKHCNMT.BXD ngy 17/10/1997
ca B Khoa hc Cng ngh v Mi trng v B Xy dng v hng
dn thi hnh Ch th s 199/TTg ca Th tng Chnh ph v cc bin
php cp bch trong qun l cht thi rn trong th v khu cng nghip;
|4
Thng t s 08/2009/TT-BTNMT ngy 15/7/2009 ca B Ti nguyn v

Mi trng Quy nh qun l v bo v mi trng khu kinh t, khu cng
ngh cao, khu cng nghip v cm cng nghip;
Thng t s 05/2008/TT - BTNMT ngy 08 thng 12 nm 2008 ca B
Ti nguyn v Mi trng v hng dn v nh gi mi trng chin
lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng;
Thng t s 12/2006/TT-BTNMT hng dn v iu kin hnh ngh v th
tc lp h s, ng k, cp php, hnh ngh, m s cht thi nguy hi;
Thng t s 16/2009/TT-BTNMT v vic quy nh Quy chun k thut
quc gia v mi trng;
Thng t s 25/2009/TT-BTNMT v vic ban hnh quy chun quc gia v
mi trng;
Tiu chun, quy chun p dng
QCVN 01:2009/BYT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc
n ung;
QCVN 03:2008/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v gii hn cho
php ca kim loi nng trong t;
QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng
khng kh;
QCVN 06:2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v mt s cht

c hi trong khng kh xung quanh;

nc mt;
nc ngm;
QCVN 14 :2008/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi sinh hot;
QCVN 19:2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v kh thi cng
nghip i vi bi v cc cht v c;
|5
QCVN 24:2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi

cng nghip;
QCXDVN 01: 2008/BXD - Quy chun xy dng Vit Nam v quy hoch
xy dng;
TC 3733:2002-Q-BYT ca B Y t: Quyt nh v vic ban hnh 21 tiu
chun v sinh lao ng, 5 nguyn tc, 7 thng s v sinh lao ng;
TCVN 5948:1999 - m hc Ting n do phng tin giao thng ng
b pht ra khi tng tc - Mc n ti a cho php;
TCVN 5949:1998 - m hc Ting n khu vc cng cng v dn c
Mc n ti a cho php;
TCVN 6962:2001 - Rung ng v chn ng Rung ng do cc hot
ng xy dng v sn xut cng nghip Mc ti a cho php i vi
mi trng khu cng cng v khu dn c;
TCXDVN 33:2006 - Tiu chun xy dng Vit Nam v Cp nc Mng
li ng ng v cng trnh cp nc;
TCVN 7957:2008 - Thot nc Mng li v cng trnh bn ngoi
Tiu chun thit k;
Ngun ti liu, d liu tham kho
o Ti liu, d liu do ch d n to lp
Thuyt minh d n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut
600.000 KWh/nm.
o Ngun ti liu, d liu tham kho
Cp Nc. X l nc thin nhin cp cho sinh hot v cng nghip

(Tp 2), Trnh Xun Lai (2002), NXB Khoa hc v K thut, H Ni.
nh gi tc ng mi trng: Phng php & ng dng, 2000, L Trnh,

NXB Khoa Hc v K Thut, H Ni.
Gio trnh cng ngh x l nc thi, 2002, Trn Vn Nhn v Ng Th
Nga, NXB Khoa Hc v K Thut, H Ni.
|6
Kim ton mi trng, 2006, Phm Th Vit Anh, Nh xut bn i hc

Quc gia H Ni.
La chn cc phng php v cng ngh x l nc thi ph hp trong

iu kin Vit Nam, Tuyn tp cc bo co khoa hc ti hi ngh mi
trng ton quc, 1998, Trn Hiu Nhu, H Ni.
La chn gii php thot nc v x l nc thi chi ph thp, bn vng,

Hi tho Mi trng sc khe - Hiu qu nng lng trong xy dng bin i kh hu, 2008, Nguyn Vit Anh, H Ni.
Mi trng khng kh, NXB Khoa Hc v K Thut, 2003, Phm Ngc

ng, H Ni.
nhim khng kh v x l kh thi, tp 2-3, NXB Khoa hc v K thut,

2004, Trn Ngc Chn, H Ni.
S tay X l nc (Tp 1 + 2), Trung tm o to ngnh Nc v Mi

trng, NXB Xy dng, 1999, H Ni.
Ti liu hng dn kim ton v gim thiu kh thi v cht thi cng
nghip, 1999, Cc Mi trng, H Ni.
Tnh ton thit k cc cng trnh x l nc thi, NXB Xy Dng, 2000,

Trnh Xun Lai, H Ni.
Thot nc v x l nc thi cng nghip, 1999, Trn Hiu Nhu, NXB

Khoa Hc K Thut, H Ni.
Wastewater Engineering, Treatment and Reuse, George Tchobanoglous,

Franklin L. Burton and H. David Stensel, McGaraw-Hill, 1991, New York.
Xc nh h s pht thi-Mt ch s hu ch phc v cng tc qun l
mi trng, Nguyn Xun Trng,http://www.nea.gov.vn/tapchi/toanvan/032k8-19.htm.
X l cht thi hu c, 2003, Nguyn c Lng v Nguyn Th Thu

Dng, NXB i hc Quc Gia, Tp. H Ch Minh.
X l nc thi sinh hot quy m nh v va, NXB Khoa hc v K

thut, 2002, Trn c H, H Ni.

|7
X L Nc Thi, 1996, Hong Hu, NXB Xy dng, H Ni.
3. Phng php p dng trong qu trnh TM

Phng php mng li
Da vo c im k thut ca D n v iu kin t nhin, KT XH ti
vng d n thit lp mt mng li cc tc ng v hu qu do cc tc ng
to ra. S mng li ny nhm nh hng cho cc nghin cu su hn v
cc tc ng ca d n.
Phng php nh gi nhanh
Phng php ny do T chc Y t Th gii xut nm 1993 nhm nh
gi nhanh ti lng cc cht nhim (kh thi, cht thi rn v nc thi) do d
n to ra. Phng php ny c s dng rng ri trn Th gii xc nh r
cc ngun gy nhim.
Phng php chuyn gia
Tham kho ti liu ca cc chuyn gia nh gi s b cc tc ng mi
trng ca d n.
4. T chc thc hin TM
n v t vn: Cng ty TNHH T vn v Chuyn giao Cng ngh Mi
trng Thng Long.
Tr s chnh: 26/1 ng Ton Thng, Khm Thin, ng a, H Ni
+ Vn phng: 59 Hong Cu, ng a, H Ni
+ in thoi: 0913.232.740/ 04.3.851.0480/ 04.22.422.104
+ Gim c: Nguyn c Dng
Danh sch thnh vin tham gia lp TM
Bng 1. Cc cn b tham gia thc hin TM
TT
H v tn
Trnh Quang Hi
Nguyn c Dng
Trinh
Chuyn ngnh/Chc v
C quan
Gim c
Cng ty TNHH
Long Sn
Thc s
Khoa hc qun l mi
trng/Gim c
Cng ty TNHH T vn v
Chuyn giao Cng ngh Mi

|8

TT
H v tn
Trinh
Chuyn ngnh/Chc v
3
4
5
Nguyn Ch Cng
Nguyn Quc Mnh
V c Ton
K s
C nhn
Tin s
Mi trng
Mi trng
Cng ngh mi trng
Nguyn Kim Ngc
K s
Mi trng
Thi Th Yn
K s
Cng ngh Mi trng
8
9
10
Nh Th Phng Tho
Nguyn Hng Quang
Ng Tr Mai
K s
PGS.Tin s
Tin s
Thy vn Mi trng
Vt l/Ph Vin trng
Khoa hc mi trng
C quan
trng Thng Long
Vin Vt l-Vin Khoa hc

v Cng ngh Vit Nam
Trong qu trnh thc hin chng ti nhn c s gip ca cc c

quan sau:
- S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh Ninh Bnh.
- S K hoch v u t.
- Ban qun l cc Khu cng nghip tnh Ninh Bnh

|9
Chng 1.
M T TM TT D N
1.1.
Tn d n
D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000
KWh/nm.
1.2.
Ch d n
Cng ty TNHH Long Sn
Ngi ng u: ng Trnh Quang Hi Gim c
Tr s chnh: 29/3 phng Trung Sn, th x Tam ip, tnh Ninh Bnh
a ch giao dch: KCN Khnh Ph, Yn Khnh, Ninh Bnh.
in thoi: 0303.762222 - 0303.767889
1.3.
V tr a l ca d n
V tr d n thuc Khu Cng nghip Khnh Ph, thuc x Yn Khnh,
huyn Yn Khnh, tnh Ninh Bnh, cch trung tm Thnh ph Ninh Bnh khong
5 km. KCN Khnh Ph cha thc hin lp bo co TM.
D kin cc loi hnh s thu ht u t vo KCN Khnh Ph:
- Nh my phn m v cc nh my phc v, ph tr.
- Cng nghip ch to, lp rp c kh, my mc.
- Cng nghip ch bin.
- Xy dng cng.
(Ngun: Ban qun l cc KCN Ninh Bnh)
Mt bng xy dng Nh my c din tch 7 ha.
+ Pha Bc gip: Khu t xng sn xut nha Composite,
+ Pha Nam gip: Gip tuyn ng KCN,
+ Pha ng gip: L t 9,29 ha ca KCN,
+ Pha Ty gip: Khu t ca Nh my cn thp v sn xut phi thp.
(S v tr mi tng quan c nh km ph lc)
1.4.
Ni dung ch yu ca d n
1.4.1. Quy m u t
Quy m u t ca d n l 600.000 KWh/nm.
| 10
1.4.2. Quy m xy dng

Hng mc ca tng mt bng theo cc khu vc sau: (v tr cc hng mc
cng trnh c th hin trong s Tng mt bng ph lc km theo).
Bng 1.1. Cn bng t ai ca d n.
TT
1
Ch tiu
Din tch t ca d n
Din tch (m2)

70.000
T l (%)
100
Din tch xy dng
39.200
56
Din tch ng ni b
15.350
21,93
Din tch cy xanh, thm c
15.450
22,07
(Ngun: Thuyt minh d n)
Khu sn xut:
+ Phn xng l cc:
Din tch: 60 m x 75 m = 4.500 m2.
+ Phn xng ho thnh:
Din tch: 118 m x 40 m = 4.720 m2.
+ Phn xng ct th:
Cng dng c ct v gia cng l cc hon chnh.
Din tch: 60 m x 28 m = 1.680 m2.
+ Bi thi rn:
Cng dng cha cht thi rn v thu hi ch.
Din tch cn thit: 31m x 13 m = 403 m2.
+ Phn xng lp rp:
Cng dng lp rp hon chnh sn phm.
Kim tra cht lng sn phm ln cui (KCS) t tiu chun trong v
ngoi nc trc khi chuyn sn phm v kho thnh phm.
Din tch: 118 m x 98 m = 11.564 m2.
+ Kho thnh phm:
Din tch: 80 m x 45 m =3600 m2
Cng dng cha thnh phm.
Sn lng 01 nm: 600.000 Kwh/nm.
Thi gian lu tr sn phm: tnh ti a 30 ngy.
| 11
Lng sn phm tr trong kho l 56.250Kwh.

Khu hnh chnh - vn phng:
+ Showroom v khu th nghim:
Cng dng dng nh iu hnh sn xut, nghin cu th nghim phc v
sn xut.
Din tch cn thit: 56,2 m x 9 m x 2 = 1011.6 m2.
+ Nh n ca v hi trng:
Cng dng nh n ca, hi trng, nh khch phc v gin tip cng nhn,
nhn vin trong qu trnh sn xut.
Din tch cn thit : 48,2 m x 15 m = 720 m2.
+ Nh xe ngoi tri (51 m x 24 m): c hai khu vc l
Din tch xe t 180 m2 d kin 5 t ti, 3 t du lch:
* 05 t ti: 05 chic x 27 m2/ chic = 135 m2.
* 03 t du lch: 03 chic x 15 m2/ chic = 45 m2.
Din tch xe my: 352 m2.
* Din tch ch xe nhn vin: 135 ngi x 70% x 3 m2/ngi = 283m2.
Din tch ch xe ca khch: 283 m2 x 25% = 70 m2.
+ Nh bo v 1 v 2: c din tch bng nhau v bng 32,5 m2.
Khu vc ph tr sn xut:
+ Khu x l nc thi sn xut:
Kch thc: 23 m x16 m = 368 m2.
Khu x l nc thi l mt t hp cc b x l: B thu nc thi; b lng
1; b iu ho; b trung ho; b lng 2; b trung ho v b ti cacbonic.
Ngoi ra cn c sn phi bn v nh vn hnh.
+ Khu pha ch axit:
Kch thc: 36 m x 13 m = 468 m2.
Pha long axit m c cung cp cho cc cng on sn xut.
+ Trm bin th:
Kch thc : 13 m x 4m = 52 m2.
t my bin th, gim p cp in cho sn xut.
| 12
+ Nh t t in tng v lc nc:
Kch thc : 25m x 6m = 150 m2.
t t in tng; my lc nc trao i ion cung cp cho khu pha ch
axit, cc phn xng sn xut.
+ Nh v sinh 1,2,3:
Kch thc : 19 m x 4 m x3 m = 228 m2.
V sinh tm git, thay cng nhn.
+ Khu bn gas:
Kch thc : 19 m x 13 m = 247 m2.
+ Bao che bn gas:
+ B nc:
- Kch thc : 23 m x4 m x 3 m = 276 m3.
- Bao gm 02 b: b nc sinh hot, sn xut v b PCCC:
Lu lng cha chy 15 l/s. Qcc = 54 m3/h
Th tch b cha s dng cao im cha chy lin tc trong vng 04 gi
V = 54 x 4 = 216 m3.
- Vy b cha chy c th tch ti thiu l 220 m3
- Lu lng nc sn xut/ngy = 600.000/320 x 0,16 = 300 m3.
- Lu lng nc sn xut trong 1h (ngy lm vic 3 ca) 300/24=12,5 m3/h
- Lu lng nc sinh hot trong 1 ca = 5 m3. Tc trong 1h l: 0,625 m3
- Tnh ton b cha trong vng 10h = (12,5 + 0,625) x 10 = 131 m3.
+ Trm bm:
- Kch thc: 24 m x 6 m = 144 m2.
- t my bm nc sinh hot sn xut v nc PCCC.
+ Thu i:
- Th tch: 40 m3
- To th nng cung cp nc cho sn xut.
Cng trng ro: Cng st chy trn ray, tng ro bng gch v st
H thng nc thi trong nh: dng ng PVC 90 220 mm
| 13
H thng thot nc ngoi nh: lm cng bn xy gch th B300 800 v

ng cng b tng ct thp 400 800 mm.
+ ng ni b v sn bi:
C kt cu chu ti trng xe 30 tn lu thng, ng c chiu rng t 6
8 m tu cng nng v khu vc s dng.
Cao trnh mp ng thp hn mt nn xng sn xut 15cm (theo ct
nn ng c trong khun vin chung).
+ Cy xanh v thm c:
Trng c kim Nht Bn, trm hoa vng, ip vng
1.4.3. Cng ngh sn xut
Cng ngh sn xut c quy min bo dng
Cng ngh sn xut c quy min bo dng c thc hin qua cc cng
on chnh sau:
- Cng on c sn: Hp kim ch antimon c nu chy bng ni nu
ch dng gas v c h thng bm cung cp vo my c sn c cc tm
sn c kch thc ph hp vi tng loi sn phm khc nhau. Sau khi c
xong tm sn c n nh trong vng 3 n 5 ngy ri a sang cng on
trt cao.
- H thng bt ch: Ch thi nguyn cht c hm lng 99,99% c a
vo ni nu v c c thnh bi ch trc khi a vo my nghin bi. Sau khi
nghin, bt ch b xi ho thnh ch xit dng PbO v c thnh phn c bn 75%
PbO v 25% Pb ri c cc gu ti chuyn sang cng on trn cao.
- Cng on trn cao: Bt ch sau khi a t cng on bt ch sang s
c nh lng pha trn vi axt H 2SO4 c t trng (d = 1,38 kg/l) v mt s
ph gia khc theo tng loi in cc m hoc in cc dng gm c Ligin,
Sunphat Bari, Durafoc, Colophony, X t, Axit Stearic,... theo t l thch hp
to thnh cao ch chun b cho cng on trt cao.

| 14
- Cng on trt cao: Cao ch sau khi trn xong c trt ln cc tm sn

c c cng on c sn. Sau khi tm sn trt cao c sy s b
trc khi em i v sy kh trong iu kin khng ch m v nhit thch
hp v to thnh cc l cc sng.
- Cng on ho thnh: L cc sng sau khi c a sang cng on
ho thnh np tch in, vi dng in DC ca my chnh lu, to thnh l
cc m (-) v l cc dng (+) chn c tch in. Thi gian sy cng nh
nhit sy ca tng loi l cc cng c khng ch khc nhau tu theo tng
chng loi l cc. Sau khi sy xong cc l cc s c a sang cng on ct
th ct ra thnh tng l cc hon chnh trc khi c a sang cng on
lp rp.
- Cng on lp rp: L cc m (-) v l cc dng (+) c xp xen k
nhau v c cch in bng l cnh c bc bng ti PE t trc, tu theo
tng chng loi c quy s c s lng tm cc cng khc nhau. Sau chng
c hn nh vi nhau thnh nhng chm cc v c xp vo cc ngn ca
v bnh c quy. Bc tip theo l vic hn ni lin kt cc chm cc vi nhau
to s di chuyn lin tc cho dng in ca c quy khi s dng.
- Cng on KCS: c quy c kim tra cc ch tiu thng s k thut quy
nh theo tiu chun xut xng. Qu trnh kim tra cht lng bn thnh phm
trn dy truyn cng c thc hin lin tc ti cc cng on sn xut cn thit
trc khi chuyn sang cng on k tip.
Sn phm sau khi qua kim tra c xp thnh thng ri chuyn v lu
kho ti kho thnh phm.
Ch tiu v cht lng sn phm
- Cc ch tiu thng s t c:
+ X khng np (khi ng ln u) t trn 3 pht,
+ Khi ng lnh (- 180C) t trn 2 pht 30 giy,
+ Dung lng c quy (20 HR) t trn 95%,
| 15
+ Tui th c quy t trn 300 chu k (thi gian s dng trn 2 nm),
- T l th, ph phm ca cng ngh sn xut sau u t:
+ B phn trt cao: 0,3%
+ B phn ct l cc: 0,7%
+ B phn ho thnh: 0,3%
+ B phn lp rp: 0,2%
(S quy trnh sn xut c th hin trang bn)

| 16
Ph
gia
KCS
Cng on c sn
H2SO4
Cng on bt ch
Ch
nguyn
cht
Ch
HK2%
KCS
V,
np
Nu ch
Nu ch
B ch
Bi ch
c bi
c sn
Nghin bi
Bi ch
KCS
Trt cao
Trn cao
Cao ch thi
Bi ch, hi axit
Nc thi c tnh axit
L cc sng
KCS
l cc
Cao ch thi
Bi ch
Nc thi c tnh axit
-Ch vn
Ha thnh
L cc (+), (-)
KCS
Sy l cc
Hi ch,
Nc thi
Ch vn
Bi ch
Ct l cc
CNG ON LP RP
Hn
chm
cc
Kim
tra
ngc
Hn
xuyn
vch
Kim
tra mi
hn v
chp
mch
Hn
np
Bi ch
Sn
c quy thi
phm
Hnh
1. S cng ngh sn xut
Ch vn
Kim
tra
kn v
ng s
Dn
bng
nhm
My co
rt
nylon
KCS

Xut xng
| 17
L
cch

Bng 1.2. Mc t ng ho trong cng ngh
Mc t ng ho
T ng
Bn t ng
Th cng
Cng on bt ch
+
Cng on c sn
+
_
Cng on trn cao
+
Cng on trt cao
+
_
Cng on th, sy th
+
_
Cng on ho thnh
+
0
Cng on lp rp thnh phm
+
_
Cng on KCS
+
_
Ghi ch:
+ ng,
- Bn t ng,
0 Th cng
1.4.4. Nhu cu nguyn vt liu sn xut binh qun

a. Nhu cu nhp khu nguyn vt liu
Ch nguyn cht: Lng dng ti thiu hng nm l 4.440 tn, loi
nguyn liu ny c nhp khu t c, Trung Quc, Hn Quc, c, Nga... Cc
nc ny u c ngnh cng nghip sn xut ch rt pht trin, sn lng di
do. Cng ty c th k hp ng lu di vi cc n v cung cp ca cc nc
ny c cung cp ng vi nhu cu sn xut. Loi ch ny tn ti dng thi
rn t 20 - 50kg ng thnh kin cha trong container c nhp khu thng
qua cc tu ti trng ln cp cng Hi Phng. Sau c xe ti chuyn v kho
cha ch.
+ Ch hp kim antimony (Pb+Sb): Lng dng ti thiu hng nm l 4.560
tn. Loi nguyn liu ny c nhp khu t c, Thi Lan, c, Nga,... cc
nc ny u c ngnh cng nghip sn xut ch rt pht trin, sn lng di
do. Cng ty c th k hp ng lu di vi cc hng ca cc nc ny c
cung cp ng vi nhu cu sn xut. Loi ch ny tn ti dng thi rn t 20 n
50 kg ng thnh kin cha trong container c nhp khu thng qua cc tu
ti trng ln cp cng Hi phng. Sau c xe ti chuyn v kho cha ch.
+ Axit Sunfuric (H2SO4): Lng dng ti thiu hng nm l 402 tn, loi
nguyn liu ny c mua t trong nc t cc Nh my sn xut axt H 2SO4
m c ti Lo Cai, ng Nai, Si Gn,... Cng ty c th k hp ng lu di
vi cc Nh my ny c cung cp ng vi nhu cu sn xut. Loi axit ny
tn ti dng lng cha trong bn, c xe tc chuyn v nhp vo bn cha.

| 18
Ngoi ra Cng ty cng c th thu mua t Cng ty an Minh, y l Cng ty

chuyn cung cp nguyn liu cho sn xut c quy trong nc.
+ Ph gia cc loi (Cao m, X t, Stearic,...): lung dng hng nm 37,2
tn, loi nguyn liu ny c thu mua t cc nc trong khu vc v trn th
gii nh Thi Lan, o, M, Anh,... nguyn liu c cha trong cc tc, bao
nha,... nhp v cng v chuyn v kho Nh my.
+ Cc loi nguyn vt liu ph nh: gas, du diezel, oxi, v np,... Lng
dng hng nm tng i t, cng ty s k hp ng vi cc nh cung cp n
tn nh my sn xut hng thng bng cc xe ch chuyn dng.
+ Ring v np, l cch cng c mua trong nc, nhng ch yu thu
mua t Thi Lan. y l nc c nn cng nghip tng hp nha v cht do rt
pht trin, sn lng di do. C th k hp ng vi i tc ny gia cng v
np theo yu cu k thut ca cng ty c in nhn mc sn.
Cn c vo t chc qun l d n, khi Nh my sn xut c quy i vo sn
xut, 1 nm hot ng 320 ngy, tng ng vi cng sut sn xut ca Nh
my c quy l 1875 KWh/ngy.
Nhu cu nguyn nhin liu ch yu dng cho sn xut c quy tnh theo
1KWh nh sau:
+ Ch nguyn cht: 7,4kg.
+ Hp kim ch antimon: 7,6kg.
+ Cc ph gia: 0,062kg.
+ H2SO4: 0,67kg.
+ Nc: 300m3/ngy tng ng vi 0,16 m3/kWh.
b. Nhu cu chi ph nguyn vt liu sn xut binh qun cho 1 c quy t
(Chim 70% sn lng sn xut)
+ Sn lng: 350.000 bnh.
+ Cng sut: 420.000 KWh/nm.
+ Bnh: 12v, 100AP.
Bng 1.3. Nhu cu nguyn nhin vt liu cho sn xut c quy t
TT
Nguyn nhin liu
n v tnh
S lng

| 19
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Ch nguyn cht
Ch hp kim cc loi
Ph gia cao m
Ph gia x t
Ph gia Stearic
Ph gia Colophony
Axit H2SO4
Gas LPG
Du Diezel
Oxi
V, np c quy PP
L cch in
in
Nc
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
lt
lt
m3
b
m2
kw
m3
2663500
2737000
17500
3500
3500
587.999
280.000
441000
21000
24500
1799000
612500
5274500
66500
c. Chi ph nguyn vt liu sn xut binh qun cho 1 c quy xe my

(Chim 30% sn lng sn xut)
+ Sn lng: 250.000 bnh.
+ Cng sut: 180.000 Kwh/nm.
+ Bnh: 12v, 6Ah.
Bng 1.4. Nhu cu nguyn nhin liu cho sn xut c quy xe my
TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Nguyn nhin liu

Ch nguyn cht
Ch hp kim cc loi
Ph gia cao m
Ph gia x t
Ph gia Stearic
Ph gia Colophony
Axit H2SO4
Gas LPG
Du Diezel
Oxi
V, np c quy PP
L cch in
in
Nc
n v tnh
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
lt
lt
m3
b
m2
kw
m3
Khi lng
1.776.000
1.824.000
8.000
1.500
1.000
750
120.500
189.000
9.000
10.750
1.200.000
408.000
2.260.750
2.8750

| 20
1.4.5. Phng n thit k, xy dng

a. Khu vc sn xut
- Phn xng l cc: 4500 m 2. Nn mng: mng n BTCT M200 trn
nn t. Nn b tng M200. Thn: ct BTCT M200, tng xy gch, ca
i, ca s st sn chng n mn. Mi: h v ko thp dc 15%, x g
thp, lp tn m mu.
- Phn xng ho thnh: 4720 m2. Nn mng: mng n BTCT M200 trn
nn t. Nn b tng M200. Thn: ct BTCT M200, tng xy gch, ca i, ca
s st sn chng n mn. Mi: h v ko thp dc 15%, x g thp, lp tn
m mu.
- Phn xng ct th: 1680 m2. Nn mng: mng n BTCT M200 trn nn
t. Nn b tng M200. Thn: ct BTCT M200, tng xy gch, ca i, ca s st
sn chng n mn. Mi: h v ko thp dc 15%, x g thp, lp tn m mu.
- Bi thi rn: 403 m2. Bi b tng M200, xoa lp tng cng b mt.
- Phn xng lp rp: 11564 m2. Nn mng n BTCT M200 trn nn t.
Nn b tng M200. Thn: ct BTCT M200, tng xy gch, ca i, ca s st sn
chng n mn. Mi: h v ko thp dc 15%, x g thp, lp tn m mu.
- Kho thnh phm: 3600 m2. Nn mng: mng n BTCT M200 trn nn t.
Nn b tng M200. Thn: ct BTCT M200, tng xy gch, ca i, ca s st sn
chng n mn. Mi: h v ko thp dc 15%, x g thp, lp tole m mu.
b. Showroom v Nh th nghim
- Showroom v th nghim: 1011 m2. Nn mng: mng n BTCT M200
trn nn t. Nn b tng M200. Thn: ct BTCT M200, sn BTCT M200,
tng xy gch, ca i, ca s st sn chng n mn. Mi: BTCT M200 lt gch
chng nng.
- Nh n ca v hi trng: 360 2 = 720 m2. Nn mng: mng n BTCT
M200 trn nn t. Nn b tng M200. Thn: ct BTCT M200, sn BTCT
M200, tng xy gch, ca i, ca s st sn chng n mn. Mi: BTCT M200
lt gch chng nng.
| 21
- Nh xe: 353m2, nn mng: Mng n BTCT M200 trn nn t. Nn

b tng M200. Thn: ct thp ng. Mi: vm c sn l thp ng, x g thp,
lp tole m mu.
- Nh bo v 1 v 2: din tch 65 m2. Nn mng: mng n BTCT M200
trn nn t. Nn b tng M200. Thn: ct BTCT M200, sn BTCT M200 tng
xy gch, ca i, ca s st sn chng n mn. Mi: BTCT M200 lt gch
chng nng.
c. Khu vc ph tr phc v sn xut
- Khu x l nc thi sn xut: 368m2, bao gm h thng cc b trung ho v
lng nc thi, c xy dng bng BTCT M200, x l chng thm theo tiu chun.
- Khu pha ch axit: 468m2. Nn mng: mng n BTCT M200 trn nn
t. Nn b tng M200. Thn: ct thp. Mi: h v ko thp dc 15%, x g
thp, lp tole m mu, b pha ch axit BTCT M200 p gch chu axit.
- Trm bin th: 52m2. Nn mng: mng n BTCT M200 trn nn t.
Nn b tng M200. Thn: ct BTCT M200. Tng ro li thp.
- Nh t t in tng v lc nc: 150 m2. Nn mng: mng n BTCT
M200 trn nn t. Nn b tng M200. Thn: ct BTCT M200. Mi: h v ko
thp dc 15%, x g thp, lp tole m mu, tng xy gch, ca i, ca s
st sn chng n mn.
- Nh v sinh 1, 2, 3: din tch 228m2. Nn mng: mng n BTCT M200
trn nn t. Nn b tng M200. Thn: ct BTCT M200. Mi: h v ko thp
dc 15%, x g thp, lp tole m mu, tng xy gch thu hi, ca i, ca s st
sn chng n mn.
- Khu bn ga: 247 m2. Nn mng: mng n BTCT M200 trn nn t.
Nn b tng M200. Thn: ct BTCT M200. Tng xy gch.
- B nc sn xut, sinh hot v b PCCC: din tch 23 x 4 = 274 m3, b
BTCT M200, s l chng thm theo tiu chun.
- Trm bm nc, bm PCCC: 11,4 x 10 = 144 m2. Mng n BTCT, mi
lp tole m mu, tng xy gch thu hi.
| 22
- Cng tng ro: tng ro xy tng gch, mng, ct BTCT c nhp ct

3,5 m. Gip ranh khu t ln cn khc xy tng c cao 2,5 m. Cng khu t
xy dng tng gch c dy 200 kch thc 2m x 3,5m p grannite gn
bng hiu cho d n, ca cng dng ca thp song st chy trn ray thp.
- H thng nc thi trong nh: dng ng PVC 90 - 220.
- H thng thot nc ngoi nh: lm cng bn xy gch th B300-800 v
ng cng b tng ct thp 300 - 800.
- ng ni b v sn bi: mt ng ph b tng nha nng dy ti thiu
10 cm, cao trnh mp ng thp hn mt nn xng sn xut 15cm (theo ct
nn ng c trong khun vin chung).
- Cy xanh v thm c: trng c kim Nht Bn, trm hoa vng, ip vng
hoc ip .
d. Phng n cp in
- H thng cp in cho d n trong giai on thi cng xy dng c ly
t Khu cng nghip Khnh Ph, da trn tha thun gia Ch u t v b phn
qun l khu cng nghip. (Theo vn bn s 316/BQL-KT ca Ban qun l cc
KCN tnh Ninh Bnh nh km ph lc).
- H thng in cp cho cc phn xng c thit k m bo cung cp
ti cho sn xut theo cng sut d n. Cng sut thit b d tr khong 2.858
Kw, d tr my bin p 3.200 KVA v ph hp vi ngun in cung cp ca
khu cng nghip, chn my bin p c cp in ng vo l 22 KV. Nhng
m bo qu trnh sn xut lin tc ( phng khi in li h hng), d n s
dng mt my pht in vi cng sut 2.000 KVA chy bng du DO.
- Theo tnh ton thc t, chn trm bin p cho Nh my l 22/0,4KV 3.200 KVA (c th dng 2 my 1.600 KVA).
- H thng phn phi in ng lc chn cp in p 0,4 KV, 3 pha 4 dy
vi s mng hnh tia. Chn my ct khng kh EBC 2.500A, dung lng b
khong 800 KVAr vi aptomat ng ct t CB - 1.500 KVAr.

| 23
e. Phng n cp, thi nc v kh thi

H thng cp nc:
+ Nc cp trong giai on thi cng xy dng c ly theo h thng phn
phi nc ca Khu cng nghip v ngun nc mt trong khu vc d n.
+ Hin trng cp nc: Theo thc t ca khu cng nghip ti Khnh Ph Ninh Bnh, cp nc cho sn xut v sinh hot ca Nh my trong d n l
ngun nc thy cc ca Khu cng nghip v bm nc trc tip t ging
khoan qua x l.
+ Nc cp cho qu trnh sn xut, sinh hot v chm sc cy xanh c
ly t ng ng dn nc ca Khu cng nghip. D n ny s dng cc loi
ng thp thng, ng thp trng km chu lc (cho sn xut) v ng PVC (cho
sinh hot v chm sc cy xanh).
+ ng ng ngoi nh: ng ng c i ngm di mt t ti v tr va
h ca cc hng mc cng trnh xy dng. Loi ng s dng cho ng ng ny l
ng nha uPVC (cho sinh hot, chm sc cy xanh) v ng thp thng (cho sn
xut), khi qua ng ni b s dng ng thp trng km chu lc.
+ ng ng trong nh: u tin i ngm ch yu s dng loi ng thp
trng km cho ng ng ny.
+ Nhu cu s dng nc:
- Nhu cu s dng nc cho sn xut (theo cng ngh): 300 m3/ngy.
- Nc cp cho sinh hot: 5 m3/ca. (tng 15 m3/ngy).
- Nc chm sc cy xanh: 1 m3/ngy.
+ Yu cu v cht lng nc:
- i vi nc cp cho sn xut: c th s dng ngun nc thu cc thng
qua x l t tiu chun s dng.
- i vi nc dng cho v sinh nh xng, v sinh thit b c th dng
nc ging khoan hoc nc thu cc khng qua x l.
- i vi nc dng chm sc cy xanh: c th dng nc thu cc hoc
nc ging khoan khng qua x l.
| 24
- i vi nc cp cho sinh hot: cht lng nc phi t tiu chun ca

B Y t v tiu chun nc sinh hot.
H thng nc thi:
+ H thng thot nc mt: Ton b h thng thot nc mt (ch yu l
nc ma) c i ngm. Ti cc v tr cc va h ca cc hng mc c b tr
cc h ga thu nc. H thng ny s dng loi cng 300 - 800 v mng
B300- 800 loi thng bn ngoi qut lp chu axit, phn ni qua ng s dng
loi ng BTCT chu lc. Ton b lng nc ny c thu gom v b cha x
l nc thi chung.
+ H thng thot nc thi sn xut v sinh hot: Ton b nc thi ra
trong qu trnh hot ng ca nh my s c thu gom li trong cc h thu, sau
dn h thng x l nc thi x l. Ti y nc thi c x l t n
nng cho php mi thi ra h thng thi chung ca khu cng nghip. Ton b
h thng thot nc ny s dng loi ng nha uPVC 168- 220. Bn ngoi
qut lp chu axit v c i ngm di t. Phn ni qua ng c s dng
loi ng BTCT chu lc.
- Phng n x l: Tp trung ngun thi vo b cha nc thi - x l s
b sau qua h thng x l tp trung ca KCN trc khi thi ra ngoi. Cht
lng nc thi sau khi x l ti Nh my s ph hp vi tiu chun nc thi
u ra ca cc c s hot ng ti KCN Khnh Ph trc khi a vo trm x l
nc thi tp trung ca KCN, theo tha thun vi KCN nc thi ti Nh my
s phi p ng tiu chun (TCVN 5945:2005, ct C).
H thng kh thi:
+ Ngun kh thi t qu trnh sn xut c cha cc c t c trng nh bi
ch, hi axit, CO2,...
+ S dng ng dn bng thp chu n mn thu gom cc loi bi, kh thi
ny a v khu x l trc khi thi trc tip ra ngoi.
- Phng n x l:

| 25
+ Bi, kh thi thng pht sinh ra cc cng on thit b nh: cng on

ct l cc, cng on trn, trt cao, cng on bt ch v c sn,...
+ Cc loi kh thi ny c thu gom ti tng cng on x l s b, sau
gp chung v thit b x l kh thi chuyn dng trc khi thi ra ngoi.
+ Cht lng kh thi sau khi x l t mc B quy chun.(QCVN 05; 06;
19; 20/2009/BTNMT).
f. H thng chng st- PCCC
- Lp t h thng chng st lan truyn v chng st nh trc tip bng
cch s dng h thng chng st ch ng, mi, dm bo thit b bn lu PCCC.
Trang b y cc phng tin PCCC, b tr ph hp v ng quy nh v
phng chng chy n do Nh nc ban hnh.
g. Giao thng - ng ni b:
- Hin nay, ti cc v tr gip ranh vi khu t trn xy Nh my c h
thng ng ni b hon chnh. D n tnh n phn ng ni b cho khu t
xy dng cc phn xng mi, m bo thun li cho vic vn chuyn nguyn
liu v sn phm vo ra v i li trong nh my.
- ng ni b trong phn xng thit k d kin rng 8 m, iu kin
cho cc loi xe ti lu thng vi hai ln xe.
- Nhu cu xut sn phm v nhp nguyn liu cho phn xng sn xut u
s dng 2 tuyn ng chnh l: ng b v ng thu thng qua cng
h. Gii php v vn chuyn bao bi, ghi nhn v bo qun:
- Vn chuyn:
+ Phng thc vn chuyn nguyn liu: i vi cc nguyn liu dng lng
c vn chuyn bng xe bn i vi cc nguyn liu trong nc hoc thng
phi 200 kg i vi cc nguyn liu dng rn trong nc hoc nc ngoi u
c vn chuyn bng Container (ti bn cng vi nguyn liu nhp) hoc xe ti
a vo cc kho cha ca Nh my.
+ Phng thc vn chuyn sn phm: c quy khng bo dng c bao
bc bng v nha PP, xp trn cc k trong kho thnh phm. Sau , sn phm
| 26
s c ng thng chuyn ln t, che lp bo v tip theo ri vn chuyn n

cc i l trong khu vc ln cn, hoc ng thnh kin container xut ra th
trng nc ngoi ti cc cng.
- Bao b v bc:
+ Sn phm c quy khng bo dng c ng trong bnh nha tng hp
PP vi dung tch v in tch khc nhau. Loi v bc ny c do cao, chu n
mn, chu va p v c bn cao. Khi lng tnh mi bnh cho mi loi sn
phm rt khc nhau tu thuc vo yu cu th trng, c th t 1,0 kg n 4 kg,
thm ch c th ln hn hoc nh hn.
- Ghi nhn:
+ Sn phm c quy khi xut xng c y nhn hng ho thc hin
ng quy nh.
- Bo qun:
+ Sn phm c quy c cha v PP, bo qun trong kho v xp thnh tng
khi kin theo cng chng loi. Khi kin thng xp trn cc plt bng g hoc
thp cch mt nn kho 0,2m, cch tng kho 0,2 m. Kho lun lun kh, sch
thng thong, mt v cch ly in tch bn ngoi. Kho phi c bin php chng
qu trnh xi ho xy ra, chng qu trnh r r kh c,... Thi gian lu kho
khng qu 2 thng k t ngy sn xut. Thc hin vic sp xp v bo qun
ng tiu chun quy nh duy tr cht lng trong qu trnh bo qun v
phng chng chy n.
-Quy cch sn phm:
Sn phm c quy khng bo dng dng sn cc bng hp kim ch c
hm lng Antimoni thp lm gim ng k s t phng, bc hi nc mc
thp nht v tui th ca c quy cao. Sn phm c quy t tiu chun ISO
9000:2000.
Sn phm ca d n dng v bnh nha c kch thc v dung tch in
khc nhau. c tnh cc thng s k thut sn phm v quy cch c thit k
theo cc tiu chun (TCVN 7348:2003 v DIN 43539; JIS D5301 - D5302; JLS
D.5801;...).
| 27
1.4.6. Danh mc cc thit b, my mc s dng

TT
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
II
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
III
30
31
32
33
34
35
Bng 1.5. Cc thit b chnh s dng trong dy chuyn sn xut

Tn thit b
Quy cch
Cng on bt ch
My cu nng ch nguyn cht
Q=1,5T/h; N=3,7 Kw
Bng ti xch chuyn ch thi
B= 500; L= 2200; N=2,2 Kw
L nu ch
Q=2,4T/h; N= 50 Kw
My c bi ch
Q=20T/h; N= 0,55 Kw
Gu ti bi ch
Q=2,5T/h; N= 3,7 Kw
Bunke nh lng bt ch
V= 1,5 m3
Thit b phn phi bi ch
Silo cha bi ch
H=3200; 2800
My nghin bi ch
Q=24tn/ngy; N= 100 Kw
Qut y bt ch cp cho my lc
Q=25.000m3/h; N= 15 Kw;
H=200mmH2O
Thit b lc bt ch
Q=3T/h; N= 12 Kw
Gu ti bt ch sau my lc
Q=4T/h; N=5,5 Kw
Silo cha bt ch
H=6500; 2800; V=15m3
Thit b phn phi bt ch
Qut ht bi
Q=10.000m3/h; N=7,5 Kw;
H=100mmH2O
Cyclon lc bi chm 4 ng
500
Cyclon mng nc kiu venturi
1200
Bm cp nc kh bi
Q=30m3/h; N=3,7Kw;
H=20mH2O
B cp nc
V=12m3
Thit b cp bt ch cho gu ti
Q=4m3/h; N=3,7 Kw
Cng on c sn
Cu trc mt dm
Q=2,5 tn; N=5,5 Kw
Bng ti xch cp ch hp kim
B=500; L=2200; N=2,2 Kw
L nu ch
Q=5T/h; N=350.000Kcal/h
Bm nn ch lng cp cho my c
Q=20m3/h; N=3,7Kw;
H=15mH2O
My c sn
Q=40tm/pht; N=15Kw
Qut ht bi
Q=10.000m3/h; N=7,5Kw;
H=100mmH2O
Cylon mng nc kiu venturi
1200
Bm cp nc kh bi
Q=30m3/h; N=3,7Kw;
H=20mH2O
B cp nc
V=06m3
Cng on trn, trt cao
Thng pha ch axit
H=1800; 1500; N=2,2Kw
Bm nh lng axit cp cho my trn
Q=9m3/h; N=3,7Kw; H=20mH2O
Gu ti bt ch cp cho my trn
Q=02T/h; N=5,5Kw
My trn cao ch
Q=1,5T/m; N= 70Kw
My trt cao
H=300tm/pht; N=90Kw;
Q=202.000 Kcal/h
Bm nh lng cp ph gia lng
Q=5m3/h; N=2,2 Kw;

S lng
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
3
3
3
6
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
| 28

TT
Tn thit b
36
37
Thng cha ph gia lng

L th sng
38
39
40
41
42
Thit b cp ph gia rn
Ni nu ch hp kim
My c cc
Cyclon lc bi
Qut ht bi
43
IV
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
Silo thu hi bi
Cng on ho thnh
Xe nng
My np
Thng ho thnh
B ho thnh
L sy l cc m
L sy l cc dng
Bm dung dch trung ho hi axit
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
V
66
67
68
69
Quy cch
H=20mH2O
V=3,5m3
Q=168.000tm/m/48h;
N=190Kw
N=3,7 Kw
Q=2T/h; N=15Kw
Q=2T/h; N=10 Kw
Q=10.000m3/h; N=11,25Kw;
H=150mmH2O
-
Q=2tn
Q=12.000Kcal/h; N=150Kw
660*405*500
1700*19000*1300
Q=8.000 th/3h; N=30Kw
Q=156.000th/24h; N=15Kw
Q=40m3/h; N=5,5Kw;
H=20mH2O
Bn cha dung dch trung ho hi axit
H=3000; 2250; V=12m3
Qut ht hi axit
Q=15.000m3/h; N=11,25Kw;
H=200mmH2O
Cyclon trung ho hi axit
1200*1200*2200
Bm gi p cung cp dung dch ho Q=50m3/h; N=10Kw;
thnh
H=30mH2O
B iu chnh nng axit
V=36m3
Bn ra th m v tun ho nc
V=80m3
Bn ra th dng v nhng ho cht
V=40m3
Thp lm mt
23.400m3/h; N=0,75Kw
B cha nc gii nhit
7000*1800*1600
B thu dung dch sau trung ho
4000*2100*1600
Bm thu dung dch sau ho thnh
Q=30m3/h; N=3,7Kw;
H=20mH2O
Bm b sung dung dch trung ho
Q=330 l/ph; N=2,2Kw;
H=20mH2O
Bm nc gii nhit ho thnh
Q=330 l/ph; N=2,2Kw;
H=20mH2O
Bm cp nc thp lm mt
Q=330 l/ph; N=2,2Kw;
H=20mH2O
Cu trc di ng
Q=1,5Tn; N=3,7Kw
Cng on ct th
My ct v chi th cc xe gn my
Q=180tm/pht; N=7,5Kw
My ct v chi th cc xe t
Q=220tm/pht; N=10Kw
Qut ht bi
Q=20.000m3/h; N=11,25Kw;
H=200mmH2O
Thit b gom ch ph phm
H=2200; 1700

S lng
1
4
2
2
2
1
1
1
4
8
1440
8
2
1
1
1
4
2
1
2
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
2
2
2
| 29

TT
70
71
VI
72
73
VII
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
Tn thit b
Thp lc tu hi bi
Cyclon thu hi bi
Cng on lp rp
Dy chuyn lp rp c quy xe gn my
Dy chuyn lp rp c quy xe t
H thng ph tr
My bin th
H thng nn kh
H thng x l nc thi
H thng cp gas v bn gas
H thng cp thot nc
H thng cp oxi v bnh oxi
H thng x l nc cp sn xut
H thng in chiu sng ngoi nh
H thng th nghim, kim tra cht lng
H thng chng st + PCCC
Quy cch
1200*1200*2600
H=2600; 1900
S lng
2
2
Q=360PCS/h; N=45Kw
Q=300PCS/h; N=100Kw
1
1
3.200KVA; 22/ 0,4KV

1
Q=88lt/pht; P=8bar; N=90Kw
1
1
Q=10tn; N=10Kw
1
Q=300m3/ngy; N=15Kw
1
3
Q=20m /h; N=5,5Kw
1
3
Q=300m /ngy; N=20Kw
1
N=50Kw
1
N=60Kw
1
N=20Kw
1
1.4.7. Tin thc hin d n

Do c im ca d n, ph hp vi iu kin thi cng thc t cng
trnh, d tnh k hoch u t Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000
KWh/nm s c thc hin trong 16 thng nh sau:
Chun b u t
- Lp d n du t
: Thng 06-09/2010
- Trnh duyt D n u t
: Thng 09/2010
Thc hin u t
- Thit k c s v lp tng d ton
: Thng 10-11/2010
- Lp h s mi thu; t chc cho hng cnh tranh thit b:Thng 12/2010

- Thi cng xy lp
: Thng 03/2011
- Mua sm, gia cng, ch to v lp t thit b
: Thng 05/2011
- Chy th v nghim thu
: Thng 04/2012
Kt thc u t & a d n vo sn xut
: Thng 05/2012
1.4.8. Tng mc u t
Bng 1.6. Tng mc u t d n
TT
1
1.1
Hng mc
Tng mc u t
u t xy dng c nh

Tng cng
(1000VN)
372.432.691
282.572.403
| 30
TT
1.1.1
1.1.
2
1.2
2
2.1
2.2
a
b
2.3
u t c nh
Hng mc
Tng cng
(1000VN)
256.957,002
Li vay trong thi gian xy dng
25.615.401
Vn lu ng
Ti chnh
Vn i ng t c ca ch u t (25%)
Vn vay t ngn hng thng mi
Vn vay i ng (75%)
Li vay trong thi gian xy dng
Vn vay ngn hn p ng nhu cu vn lu ng ban u
89.860.288
372.432.691
64.239.250
218.333.152
192.717.751
25.615.401
89.860.288
D ton chi ph xy dng cho cc hng mc bo v mi trng:

+ H thng cp thot nc: 1.959.504.000 ng.
+ H thng PCCC + chng st: 1.000.590.000 ng.
+ H thng x l nc thi: 1.521.000.000 ng.
Chi ph thit b c c km ph lc.
1.4.9. T chc qun l v thc hin d n
Hnh thc qun l thc hin d n
D n u t Nh my c quy cng sut 600.000 Kwh/nm l d n u
t mi ca Cng ty TNHH Long Sn. Ch u t (Cng ty TNHH Long Sn)
trc tip qun l thc hin d n.
T chc qun l sn xut
- Cng nhn lm vic 8h/ca, 03 ca/ngy v 320 ngy/nm.
- Cc b phn qun l v ph tr lm vic theo gi hnh chnh hoc b tr
ca kp khi c nhu cu.

| 31

GIM C
PG Kinh doanh
PG sn xut
Phng Kinh doanh
Khu sn xut chnh
Phng Xut nhp khu
Xng c in
X l cht thi
Phng Hnh chnh
Phng KCS
Phng Ti chnh K ton
Phng Bo hnh
Hnh 2. S t chc Nh my sn xut c quy

Nhu cu nhn lc
Cn c theo yu cu ca cng ngh, chc nng nhim v sn xut ca
tng phn xng, vic bin ch nhn lc m bo theo yu cu sn xut nh sau:
TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Bng 1.7. Nhu cu nhn lc v ngun nhn lc cho Nh my

Cng on
S lng
Phng n
c sn, ph kin
16
Tuyn dng mi
Bt ch
08
Tuyn dng mi
Trt cao th
12
Tuyn dng mi
Ho thnh
20
Tuyn dng mi
Ct th
10
Tuyn dng mi
Pha ch axit
06
Tuyn dng mi
Ko la
06
Tuyn dng mi
Lp rp
72
Tuyn dng mi
H thng x l nc thi
06
Tuyn dng mi
V sinh cng nghip
06
iu ng trong KCN
Li xe
08
iu ng trong KCN
Qun l phn xng
02
Tuyn dng mi
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Vt t + kho
C in
KT- QA KCS
Lao ng tin lng + hnh chnh
Cng on
An ton lao ng
K ton
03
12
08
05
01
04
05

50% iu ng
iu ng
iu ng
iu ng
iu ng
iu ng
| 32

TT
20
21
22
Cng on
Y t
Phc v nh n
Ban gim c
Tng
S lng
Phng n
01
iu ng
06
Tuyn dng mi
02
iu ng
219
(Ngun: Thuyt minh D n u t)

| 33
Chng 2
IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T - X HI
2.1. iu kin t nhin v mi trng
2.1.1. iu kin v a l, a cht
c im a tng ca khu vc gm 3 lp:
- Lp 1: c thnh phn st, st pha, ct pha mu xm nu, xm g. Lp
c hnh thnh do qu trnh san lp v vn chuyn vt liu ca con ngi,
ngoi ra lp 1 cn bao gm c lp t trng trt trn mt v lp t th nhng
c trong khu vc. Lp c din phn b tng i rng ri trong vng nghin cu
v vng nm trong khu vc ch yu l ng rung v nm ngay trn mt t,
chiu dy ca lp dao ng t 0,3 0,4m. Chiu dy trung bnh ca lp l
0,35m.
V trng thi ca lp, khi tin hnh nghin cu ngoi hin trng thy
c kt qu y l lp c trng thi km n nh, v vy khi thit k cng nh
thi cng tuyn ng cn bc b lp ny khng lm nh hng n cht
lng ca cng trnh.
- Lp 2: C thnh phn bn st pha mu xm g, xm en ln hu c
phn hu trung bnh. Lp c din phn b rng khp ton tuyn. Trong cc l
khoan kho st ngoi hin trng lp 2 bt gp hu ht cc l khoan kho st.
Ti cc l khoan gp lp, chiu su phn b ca lp t 0,2 0,4m v chiu su
y lp t 4,1 5,4m, chiu dy ca lp dao ng t 3,8 5,0m. Ti cc l
khoan c mt ca lp, lp c lp 1 ph trc tip ln trn.
V thnh phn y l lp bn st pha ln hu c. Lp c hnh thnh do
qu trnh lng ng vt liu ti cc khu vc sng hoc ao.
Qua kt qu th nghim cc mu t thy rng, lp c tnh n nh km
vi R0 = 0,52 kG/cm2, E0 = 56,5kG/cm2 v p lc tin c kt Pc = 0,706 kG/cm2.
V vy khi thit k cng trnh cn bc b hoc c bin php gia c khng lm
nh hng n cht lng ca cng trnh.

| 34
- Lp 3: Lp ct pha mu xm nu, xm g, trng thi do. y cng l

lp trm tch c hnh thnh do qu trnh tch t v lng ng cc vt liu sng,
h. Trong khu vc on tuyn lp c din phn b rng khp ton tuyn.
Ti cc l khoan kho st ngoi thc a lp c mt ti tt c cc l
khoan. nh lp nm su t 4,1 5,2m. Trong phm vi nghin cu ca cc
l khoan cha tm hiu chiu su phn b ca y lp. Ti cc l khoan ngoi
hin trng chiu dy ca lp dao ng t 1,6 6,7m.
2.1.2. iu kin v kh tng thy vn
a. Nhit khng kh
Khu vc nm trong vng c ch kh hu nhit i gi ma: nng,
nng, ma nhiu, nhit v m cao. C hai ma r rt:
- Ma kh ko di t thng 9 n thng 3 nm sau, thng kh, lnh.
- Ma ma ko di t thng 4 n thng 10.
- Nhit trung bnh hng nm: 240C.
- Nhit cao nht tuyt i: 38,40C.
- Nhit thp nht tuyt i: 9,90C.
b. Lng ma
- Lng ma trung bnh hng nm: 1908,6 mm.
- S ngy ma trung bnh trong nm: 157,3 ngy.
- Lng ma trong cc thng ma ma chim khong 80% tng lng ma
trong nm, ma kh lng ma thp hn ch chim khong 20%.
- Ma nhiu nht vo cc thng 7 (248,2mm), thng 8 (352,0mm), thng 9
(358,7mm).
- Ma t nht vo cc thng 12 (25,8mm), thng 1 (21,4mm), thng 2
(28,3mm).
c. m khng kh
m khng kh trung bnh thng ca tnh Ninh Bnh tng i cao, dao
ng t 75 - 90%, thp nht l cc thng 11, 12 v thng 1. Thi gian ny c
biu kh hu chung ca ma ng hanh kh min Bc nn m trung bnh
| 35
trong khng kh s thp hn so vi cc thng khc trong nm. m tng i

trung bnh thng cao nht l cc thng 2, 3, 9 v 10. Thng k m khng kh
trung bnh hng nm c th hin bng 2.1.
Nm
2004
c trng
Bng 2.1. m khng kh trung bnh ca tnh Ninh Bnh

Thng
Nm
Trung bnh
1
83
2
88
3
83
4
87
5
84
6
78
7
82
8
88
9
87
10
79
11
77
12
75
Nh nht
44
45
35
50
39
52
55
61
54
41
40
30
30
Trung bnh
85
87
87
88
85
80
82
86
86
76
79
76
83
Nh nht
47
42
41
63
54
46
51
57
58
43
41
31
31
Trung bnh
83
90
87
89
87
84
87
90
90
87
89
83
87
Nh nht
33
56
48
60
63
52
62
67
61
56
63
43
33
Trung bnh
79
89
89
86
82
82
82
87
79
85
81
75
83
Nh nht
44
70
41
49
36
50
53
58
40
60
38
33
33
Trung bnh
75
88
93
85
83
80
82
86
84
82
71
84
83
Nh nht
26
31
63
55
49
44
53
61
50
45
37
51
26
83
2005
2006
2007
2008
Ngun: Trm Kh tng - Thu vn tnh Ninh Bnh, 2009.
Nhn chung t nm 2003 - 2007 m khng kh trung bnh hng nm c

gi tr chung l 83%, ring nm 2006 l 87% (y cng l nm c lng ma
cao nht trong 5 nm tr li y).
- m trung bnh cc tiu trong ngy c th xung n 26 - 33%.
d. Bc x mt tri
Ch nng lin quan trc tip ti ch bc x v tnh trng my che
ph. Vo thng 2 v 3, s gi nng t nht trong nm, ch khong 10 - 50 gi,
y cng l thi gian c tng lng bc x thp, tri u m, nhiu my. Thng c
s gi nng cao nht thng ri vo thng 5 n thng 7, tng s gi nng c
th ln n 150 - 200 gi. S gi nng trung bnh hng nm ca Ninh Bnh c
th hin bng 2.2.

| 36

Bng 2.2. Tng s gi nng ca tnh Ninh Bnh
Nm
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
c
trng
Tng
Ln nht
Tng
Ln nht
Tng
Ln nht
Tng
Ln nht
Tng
Ln
1
124,7
9,3
30,8
4,7
64,3
5,5
72,6
9,6
49,4
8,6
2
62,6
9,4
68,4
8,9
9,7
2,9
24,3
7,0
51,5
7,9
3
69,2
10,2
49,4
9,2
29,8
8,6
26,6
6,7
11,8
5,3
4
136,4
10,5
77,5
10,5
85,7
11,0
126,8
9,4
78,4
9,8
5
193,3
11,4
137,2
10,7
211,1
11,5
185,6
11,0
144,6
11,3
Thng
6
7
171,4 270,7
11,3
12,1
216,0 95,8
11,3
10,9
132,6 211,5
10,7
12,1
187,2 145,7
11,5
11,9
227,5 253,9
12,1
12,0
8
121,8
10,4
164,5
11,5
129,9
10,7
106,0
11,3
113,1
9,2
9
142,0
11,1
131,6
9,2
150,8
10,9
175,8
11,0
121,1
10,8
10
158,7
9,8
108,0
9,3
117,4
10,7
131,8
9,0
80,6
8,6
11
126,1
9,3
130,7
9,3
133,0
10,1
150,3
9,8
144,8
9,4
12
94,0
8,6
133,2
9,4
53,9
8,5
75,4
8,7
34,2
8,3
Nm
1670,9
12,1
1343,1
11,5
1329,7
12,1
1408,1
11,9
1310,9
12,1
Ngun: Trm Kh tng - Thu vn tnh Ninh Bnh, 2009
Nh vy ti Ninh Bnh nng nht vo cc thng 5, 6, 7.

e. Tc gi v hng gi
Khu vc Ninh Bnh c tc gi trung bnh khong 1,2 - 1,6 m/s, tc gi
cao nht c th t ti 20 m/s. Hng gi ch yu l ng Bc v Ty Nam.
Bng 2.3. Ch gi ca tnh Ninh Bnh
Nm
c
trng
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Thng
Nm
Vtb
1
2,0
2
2,0
3
2,0
4
2,0
5
1,0
6
2,0
7
2,0
8
1,0
9
2,0
10
1,0
11
1,0
12
1,0
Vmax
14
10
14
20
10
20
Hng
NE
SE
NNE
SW
SSW
NNW
ENE
NNE
NE
NE
NE
NNW
Vtb
1,0
2,0
1,0
1,0
2,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,2
Vmax
11
13
12
13
Hng
SW
NE
NE
NNE
SW
SE
NNW
NNW
SW
Vtb
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
2,0
1,0
2,0
1,0
1,0
2,0
1,3
1,6
Vmax
20
20
20
Hng
ENE
SSW
SW
SW
NE
SW
Vtb
1,0
2,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
2,0
1,2
Vmax
10
12
12
Hng
SW
SSW
NNE
SW
NE
NNW
NNW
Vtb
1,0
1,0
2,0
2,0
1,0
2,0
1,0
1,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
1,0
1,5
Vmax
10
10
Hng
SE
NW
NNW
Ngun: Trm Kh tng - Thu vn tnh Ninh Bnh, 2009

Ghi ch: Vtb :vn tc trung bnh; Vmax: vn tc ln nht
Gi l yu t kh tng c nh hng ln n s lan truyn cc cht

nhim trong khng kh v lm xo trn cc cht nhim trong nc. Tc gi
cng ln th cht nhim trong khng kh lan to cng xa ngun nhim v
nng cht nhim c pha long tt hn bi khng kh sch.
| 37
f. iu kin thy vn
Ti khu vc d n, c sng y. Sng c chiu di khong 240 km, l mt
phn lu ca sng Hng. Sng y nhn nc ca sng Hng a phn H
Ni gia huyn Phc Th v huyn an Phng.
on sng chy qua tnh Ninh Bnh ti ng ba Gin Khu, cch thnh ph
Ninh Bnh khong 10 km v pha Bc, c gi sng Gin Khu.
Sng y l mt phn lu t nhin ca sng Hng, bt ngun t ca
Ht Mn, huyn an Phng, H Ni, chnh v vy c im dng chy sng
ngi lu vc sng y mang nhng c trng c bn chung ca dng chy h
thng sng Hng- Thi Bnh.
- c im c bn v ch thu vn trn lu vc sng y:
Ch thu vn lu vc sng y cng trn nn ch thu vn ng
bng Bc B. Ma l thng bt u t thng VI, VII v kt thc vo thng X,
XI. Lng dng chy ma l thng chim t 75- 85% lng dng chy nm.
Thng c dng chy ln nht l thng VII hoc thng IX v thng c lng dng
chy nh nht l thng II.
Dng chy nm v phn phi dng chy nm: Dng chy mt sng y
sinh ra bi ma trn b mt lu vc v ngun nc t dng chnh sng Hng,
n tun theo quy lut chung ca Bc B l phn theo hai ma r rt l ma l v
ma cn.
Phi ni rng dng chy c ma l v ma kit trn sng y chu tc
ng ht sc mnh m ca dng chnh sng Hng. Ngun nc mt ca sng
y sn sinh do ni ti lu vc th s liu cc trm thu vn nh Ch Thu, Ba
Th, Tn Lang, Ph L, Gin Khu u khng gin tip th trc tip tc ng
b sung ca ngun nc chnh sng Hng. Ch dng chy cc chi lu trong
lu vc u mang nhiu c tnh nh: va l sng min ni, va l sng ng
bng, va chu tc ng ca dng sng ln, ca thu triu li chu tc ng ca
con ngi. Ch dng chy ca cc sng sui t dy ni pha Ty phn nh r
nt mi qua h gia ma v dng chy.
| 38
Dng chy nm tng lng dng chy trung bnh nhiu nm ca c nm

trn lu vc khong 28,8 x 109 m3 (trong ngun nc a t sng Hng qua
sng o, Nam nh khong 25,8 x 109 m3 chim 89 90% lng dng chy
sng y, cn li khong 3,0 x 109 m3 l nc ma v t cc chi lu ca lu
vc). Do lng nc di do chuyn t sng Hng sang kt hp vi tc ng
thu triu nn lu lng giao lu t di Ph L kh ln. Phn trung v thng
lu sng y v cc chi lu pha Ty dng chy phn b theo ma kh r rt
(ma l t thng VI n thng X v ma kh t thng XI n thnh V nm sau).
Thng nhiu nc nht trong nm l thng IX v thng t nc nht trong nm l
thng III.
Mc nc nh l:
Bng 2.4. Mc nc cao nht mt s nm ti cc v tr trn sng y
n v: m
STT
V tr
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
p y
La Kh
Ba Th
Vn nh
Tn Lang
Ph L
Gin Khu
Ninh Bnh
c B
Nh Tn
Bn
Nam nh
1969
11,54
8,34
5,39
4,27
3,49
3,29
3,05
3,03
2,98
1,56
3,01
5,12
Cc nm
1971
13,21
10,84
7,68
6,4
5,22
4,13
3,74
3,63
3,44
1,14
4,07
5,77
1978
6,32
4,33
3,92
3,48
2,51
1,71
5,43
4,29
1985
6,17
4,89
4,6
4,58
4,11
3,29
1,85
5,46
4,82
Ngun: Trung tm d liu Thy vn quc gia
TT
1
2
3
Bng 2.5. Mt s c trng a hnh ca cc lu vc thuc h thng sng y

Chiu rng
Din
Chiu
H s
Trm khng
trung bnh
Tn lu vc
tch
di sng
un
ch
lu
vc
(km2)
(km)
khc
(km)
Ch Thu
1047
Sng Tch
91
14,6
2
Ba Th
1330
Sng Thanh H
c Kh
271
40
9
1,2
Sng Bi Hng Thi
825
1,2
125
18,5
Hong Long
Gin Khu
1550
2,5

| 39
TT
Tn lu vc
Trm khng
ch
4
5
6
7
8
Sng p
Sng Lng
Sng Nhu
Sng o
Sng Chu Giang
Bn
Bn
Ph L
c B
Ph L
Din
tch
(km2)
Chiu
di sng
(km)
91
204
1070
185
368
29
31,5
80
27
27
Chiu rng
trung bnh
lu vc
(km)
4,6
6,3
13,4
6,8
14
H s
un
khc
1,7
1,8
1,1
0,7
0,8
Ngun:Bo co tng hp d n nh gi kh nng phn l sng y v s dng

li cc khu phn chm l, xut cc phng n x l khi gp l khn cp.
2.1.3. Hin trng cc thnh phn mi trng t nhin

a. Hin trng mi trng khng kh
Ngy 16/10/2010 on kho st tin hnh ly 8 mu khng kh xung
quanh khu vc d n, v trong khun vin d n. V tr ly mu c th hin
trong bng 2.6 v kt qu phn tch c th hin trong bng 2.7 v 2.8.
Bng 2.6. V tr o c ly mu hin trng mi trng khng kh khu vc d n
Ta
K hiu
V tr ly mu
E: 20014608 N: 106002539
KK1
Ti pha ng ranh gii khu vc d n
TT
1
2
KK2
KK3
Ti ng KCN, cch khu vn phng 200m E: 20014611 N: 106002620

v pha ng
E: 20014742 N: 106002467
Ti gia khu vc d n
KK4
Ti khu vc pha ng, bn trong ranh gii d n
E: 20014617 N: 106002303
KK5
Ti khu vc pha Bc, bn trong ranh gii d n
E: 20014769 N: 106002305
KK6
Ti pha Bc, ngoi ranh gii d n
E: 20014980 N: 106002021
KK7
Ti khu vc pha ng Bc, bn trong d n
E: 20014698 N: 106002529
KK8
Ti khu vn phng cng ty
E: 20014632 N: 106002493
TT
Bng 2.7. Kt qu phn tch cc thng s mi trng khng kh khu vc d n

Kt qu
QCVN
Ch tiu
n v
05:2009/BTNMT
KK1
KK2
KK3
KK4
Tc gi
m/s
1,5- 5,6
2,4- 5,8
1,6- 5,5
2,4- 5,8
Nhit
27
27,5
27,6
27,6
75
75
75
75
Ting n
dBA
57
59
65
60
Bi l lng
mg/m3
0,418
0,417
0,251
0,256
75
(TCVN 5949:1998)
0,3

| 40

6
CO
mg/m3
1,08
1,06
1,06
1,03
30
CO2
%V
NO2
0,035
0,037
0,036
0,036
mg/m
0,028
0,027
0,027
0,022
0,2
0,019
0,017
0,018
0,017
0,28
0,25
0,21
0,23
0,35
5
(QCVN06:2009)
SO2
mg/m
10
Hi hu c
mg/m3
Ngun: Vin Vt l Vin Khoa hc v Cng ngh Vit Nam (11/2010)

TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Bng 2.8. Kt qu phn tch cc thng s mi trng khng kh khu vc d n

Kt qu
QCVN
Ch tiu
n v
05:2009/BTNMT
KK5
KK6
KK7
KK8
Tc gi
m/s
1,5- 5,7
1,5- 5,8
2,4- 5,6 1,6- 5,6
o
Nhit
C
28
28
28,1
28,3
m
%
76
76
75
75
75
Ting n
dBA
66
68
66
69
(TCVN5949:1998)
Bi l lng
mg/m3
0,272
0,311
0,275
0,244
0,3
3
CO
mg/m
1,08
1,07
1,03
1,03
30
CO2
%
0,038
0,037
0,036
0,038
3
NO2
mg/m
0,022
0,023
0,023
0,220
0,2
SO2
mg/m3
0,019
0,019
0,018
0,019
0,35
5
Hi hu c
mg/m3
0,23
0,21
0,22
0,15
(QCVN06:2009)
Ngun: Vin Vt l Vin Khoa hc v Cng ngh Vit Nam (11/2010)

Ghi ch: -: Khng quy nh
- QCVN 05 2009/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng khng
kh xung quanh.
- QCVN 06 2009/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut quc gia v mt s cht c
hi trong khng kh xung quanh.
TCVN 5949-1998 m hc Ting n khu vc cng cng v dn c Mc n
ti a cho php.
Nhn xt:
Cc kt qu phn tch cht lng mi trng khng kh ti thi im khai
st khu vc trin khai d n cho thy:
- Ch tiu vi kh hu:
+ Nhit ti thi im kho st dao ng t 27-28,30C,
+ m trung bnh dao ng t 75-76%,
+ Tc gi trung bnh dao ng t 1,5-5,8m/s.
- Ting n trong khu vc kho st dao ng t 57-69 dBA. n ti cc
v tr o nm trong gii hn ca TCVN 5949:1998 l 75dBA.

| 41
- Hm lng bi ti dao ng t 0,244 0,318 mg/m 3. Nng bi ti 3

v tr kho st (KK1, KK2, KK6) thuc tuyn ng vo d n vt gii hn
cho php ca QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT t 0,011 mg/m3 0,118 mg/m3. Nguyn
nhn, do h thng h tng KCN ang trong giai on hon thin, phng tin
vn ti ra vo nhiu v cng tc v sinh ti tuyn ng cha c m bo.
- Cc ch tiu ha hc: CO, CO2, SO2, NO2, u nh hn gii hn cho
php ca quy chun (QCVN 05, QCVN 06:2009/BTNMT).
- Hi hu c dao ng t 0,21 0,28 mg/m3, so snh vi QCVN
06:2009/BTNMT (hydrocacbon) th nng hi hu c ti khu vc nh hn gi
tr cho php ca QCVN trong 1 gi l 5 mg/m3.
b. Hin trng mi trng nc
b.1. Hin trng mi trng nc
nh gi hin trng mi trng ti khu vc d n, nhm kho st
tin hnh ly v phn tch cc mu nc (gm 4 mu nc mt v 1 mu nc ngm).
V tr ly mu c th hin trong bng 2.9 , 2.11 v S ly mu ti phn Ph lc.
Bng 2.9. V tr ly mu nc mt
TT
1
2
3
4
K
hiu
NM1
NM2
NM3
NM3
c im mu
Ta
H nc trong khu vc d n
Mng thot nc mt khu vc
Nc mt ti sng y, cch ranh gii d n 100m
Nc mt ti sng y, cch ranh gii d n 150m
N: 20014752 E: 106002465
N: 20014769 E: 106002290
N: 20014796 E: 106002278
N: 20014787 E: 106002378
Bng 2.10. Kt qu phn tch cht lng nc mt

TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Ch tiu
pH
c
dn
DO
COD
BOD5
TDS
SS
Cu
Fe
Pb
Hg
Zn
n v
NTU
S/cm
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
Kt qu phn tch
NM1 NM2 NM3 NM4
6,7
6,6
6,5
6,5
7,5
7,8
7,7
7,8
162
161
168
167
4,3
4,2
4,6
4,7
38
35
37
38
15,9
18,5
17,8
18,1
115
129
128
125
51,1
58,1
56,3
56,2
0,19
0,19
0,18
0,17
1,05
1,26
1,23
1,22
KPH KPH KPH KPH
KPH KPH KPH KPH
0,97
0,91
0,94
0,95
QCVN
08:2008/BTNMT
(Ct B1)
5,5-9
4
30
15
50
0,5
1,5
0,05
0,001
1,5

| 42

TT
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Ch tiu
n v
QCVN
08:2008/BTNMT
(Ct B1)
0,5
10
600
0,1
Kt qu phn tch
NM1 NM2 NM3 NM4

NH4+
mg/l
0,59
0,68
0,62
0,64
NO3
mg/l
1,38
2,05
1,41
1,40
Clmg/l
231
228
229
231
2SO4
mg/l
128
129
132
130
Du m
mg/l
0,06
0,08
0,07
0,06
Dung
mi
mg/l
KPH KPH KPH KPH
hu c
Coliform
MPN/100ml 8700
9200
9500
9600
7500
Fecalcoli
MPN/100ml
268
310
289
274
(Ngun: Vin Vt l Vin Khoa hc v Cng ngh Vit Nam)
Ghi ch:
-: Khng quy nh
KPH: Khng pht hin c
QCVN 08 2008/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc mt.
Nhn xt:
T kt qu phn tch cc ch tiu so snh vi ct B1 ca QCVN
08:2008/BTNMT cho thy:
- Ch tiu ha l: Ch tiu COD vt quy chun t 5 8 mg/l, BOD 5 vt
quy chun cho php ct B1 t 0,9- 2,8 mg/l.
- Hm lng SS vt quy chun cho php t 1,1 8,1mg/l.
- Hm lng Amni vt quy chun t 0,09 0,18 mg/l.
- Ch tiu kim loi nng (Fe, Cu, Pb, Hg, Zn): u nh hn gii hn cho
php. Cc ch tiu Pb, Hg, khng pht hin thy trong cc mu phn tch.
- Hm lng vi sinh vt gii hn cho php ca quy chun ct B1 t
1.200 - 1700 MPN/100ml
Mi trng nc ti y b tc ng nhiu bi cc ngun thi khc nhau do qu
trnh u t xy dng h tng c s ca KCN ni chung v ca cc n v th cp i
vo hot ng.
Bng 2.11. V tr ly mu nc ngm
TT
K hiu
c im mu
Ta
N:20 14681
0
NN1
Nc ging khoan su 90m ti khu vc d n
E: 106002528

| 43

TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Bng 2.12. Kt qu phn tch cht lng nc ngm

Kt qu
QCVN
Ch tiu
n v
09:2008/BTNMT
NN1
pH
7,3
5,5 8,5
c
NTU
2,6
dn
S/cm
195
DO
mg/l
2,8
COD
mg/l
2,7
4
BOD5
mg/l
1,5
TDS
mg/l
238
SS
mg/l
31
Cu
mg/l
0,062
1,0
Fe
mg/l
4,73
5
Pb
mg/l
KPH
0,01
Hg
mg/l
KPH
0,001
Zn
mg/l
1,29
3
+
NH4
mg/l
0,57
NO3mg/l
3,45
15
Clmg/l
76
250
SO42mg/l
82
400
Du m
mg/l
KPH
Dung mi hu c
mg/l
KPH
Coliform
MPN/100ml
0
3
Fecalcoliform
MPN/100ml
0
(Ngun: Vin Vt l Vin Khoa hc v Cng ngh Vit Nam)
Ghi ch: -: Khng quy nh

KPH: Khng pht hin c
QCVN 09 2008: Quy chun k thut Quc gia v cht lng nc ngm.
Nhn xt: Kt qu phn tch mu nc ging khoan trong khu vc d n

cho thy: cht lng nc cc ch tiu phn tch c nng nm trong gii hn
cho php ca QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT.
+ Mt s ch tiu kim loi nng nh Pb, Hg khng pht hin thy trong
mu phn tch.
+ Ch tiu du m, dung mi hu c cng khng pht hin thy trong mu
phn tch.
+ Dung mi hu c khng pht hin thy trong mu phn tch.
+ Cc chi tiu vi sinh (Coliform, Fecalcoliform) khng xut hin trong
mu phn tch.
Cht lng nc ging khoan ti khu vc d n cha c du hiu
nhim. Tuy nhin, ch u t cn bo qun v s dng ngun nc hp l
trnh cc tc ng xu ti ngun nc.
| 44
MT S HNH NH KHO ST
Hnh nh 1. Kho st mi trng khng kh
Hnh nh 4. Ly mu nc mt

| 45
2.2. iu kin kinh t - x hi

2.2.1. iu kin kinh t - x hi x Khnh Ph
D n nm trong KCN Khnh Ph thuc a phn x Khnh Ph, huyn
Yn Khnh, tnh Ninh Bnh. (KCN Khnh Ph nm trn 2 x: Khnh Ph, x
Ninh Phc). Cc s liu iu tra ti x c th hin trong bng 2.13.
Bng 2.13. Kinh t x hi x Khnh Ph, huyn Yn Khnh, tnh Ninh Bnh
TT
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
II
1
III
1
2
3
IV
Ch tiu
Din tch- Dn s
Tng din tch
Dn s
S t/cm dn c
Tng s h dn
Mt dn s
Dn tc
Mc sng
Thu nhp bnh qun u ngi
C cu kinh t
T trng nng nghip
T trng cng nghip
T trng dch v
Din tch t
n v
S lng
ha
Ngi
T/cm
595
6500
1650
H
Ngi/km
Dn tc
8
2
1495
Kinh
Ngi/nm
12.000.000
%
%
%
450
925
120
Din tch t nng nghip
ha
81
2
V
1
ha
67
in li quc gia
1495
100%
Din tch t phi nng nghip

H tng c s
in
Ngun in cung cp
H s dng in
Nc
Ngun cung cp nc
+ Nc my
ng giao thng
Tng km ng giao thng
km
VI
1
2
3
VII
1
2
2.1
Tng s trng hc
Mu gio
Tiu hc
THCS
Vn ha th thao
Trng
Trng
Trng
Trng
Nh vn ha
Nh
Di tch vn ha lch s
n
Ci
13 km ng chnh
27 km ng dn sinh
03
01
01
01
9 Nh vn ha thn v 1
Nh vn ha x
1
3

| 46
TT
2.2
VIII
1
2
3
IX
1
2
Ch tiu
Cha
Y t
Tng s bnh vin, trm x
S y, Bc s
S ging bnh
V sinh mi trng
n v
Ci
S lng
1
Ngi
Ging
01
1 Bc s v 12 y s
8
C 1 khu thu gom phn

Cng tc thu gom rc thi
loi x l rc thi sinh
hot
n v hnh ngh thu gom, vn
Hin ti cha c n v
chuyn v x l cht thi nguy hi
thu gom
(Ngun: UBND x Khnh Ph cung cp, thng 11/2010)
X Khnh Ph l mt x c dn s ng, ngi dn y ch yu l sn

xut nng nghip (t trng nng nghip chim 65 % trong t trng kinh t ca
ton x). 100 % s dn trong x u c s dng in t li in Quc gia.
Tuy nhin vn nc sch cung cp cho nhu cu sinh hot ca ngi dn vn
cha p ng y , ch hn 1% dn s c s dng nc my cn li ngi
dn u s dng nc ging khoan n ung v sinh hot. Nhn chung kinh t
x hi ca x Khnh Ph pht trin cha cao. Khi d n c xy dng trong
khu vc ny n s gp phn pht trin kinh t x hi ca a phng.
2.2.2. Hin trng Khu cng nghip Khnh Ph
- Khu cng nghip Khnh Ph (thuc x Ninh Phc, thnh ph Ninh Bnh
v x Khnh Ph, huyn Yn Khnh): tng din tch quy hoch l 334 ha, trong
t xy dng nh my l 231,54 ha. Khu cng nghip c 3 mt tip gip sng
y, cnh Quc l 10, cch Thnh ph Ninh Bnh 5km v ng Nam, cch H
Ni 95 km, rt thun li v ng b, ng sng.
- Hin ti Khu cng nghip ang tip tc xy dng h tng ng b, hon
chnh phc v cc d n u t trong KCN, hin nay t l lp y trong KCN
t 93%. y l Khu cng nghip tp trung phc v cc loi hnh cng nghip nng
nh: sn xut phn m, sn xut thp cn cc loi, cng kh, knh, c kh sa cha
lp rp, dch v cng
- Cc loi hnh sn xut ch yu: m 56 vn tn/nm, than (sng tuyn)
300.000/nm. Bc hng ho 1,1 triu tn/nm;

| 47
Mt s d n c cp giy chng nhn u t ti KCN nh: Nh my

cn thp v sn xut phi thp; Nh my sn xut Xa, Nh my phn m
Ninh Phc, Nh my lp rp t v sn xut ph tng t, Nh my sn xut
cn gt nc, Nh my knh Trng An
- Loi hnh sn xut c quy l mt trong nhng loi hnh c quy hoch
trong KCN Khnh Ph.
- Khu cng nghip tin hnh xy dng h thng thot nc mt theo
thit k c ph duyt.
- H thng x l nc thi ca KCN Khnh Ph c xy dng v i
vo hot ng.
- H thng in ca KCN Khnh Ph: c trm bin p 3200KVA
10(22)/0,4KV.
- Ngun nc: KCN c h thng cp nc m bo cho hot ng ca
cc n v tham gia vo KCN Khnh Ph.

| 48
Chng 3.
NH GI CC TC NG MI TRNG
3.1. nh gi tc ng
3.1.1. Giai on xy dng c s h tng
a. Ngun tc ng
a.1. Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi
Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi trong giai on xy dng
c tng hp ti bng 3.1.
Bng 3.1. Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi trong giai on xy dng c bn
T
T
Loi tc ng
Pht sinh bi
Pht sinh kh thi
Pht sinh cht thi rn
3.1 Cht thi rn thng thng

3.2 Cht thi nguy hi
4
Pht sinh nc thi
4.1 Nc ma
4.2 Nc thi sinh hot
Hot ng pht sinh

Xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh: nh iu
hnh, nh kho, xng, trm bin p
Vn chuyn nguyn vt liu
Hot ng ca my mc xy dng, thit b thi
cng ti cng trng
Hot ng ca xe vn chuyn nguyn vt liu.
Hot ng xy dng, cn b cng nhn vin thi
cng.
Hot ng sa cha, bo dng cc phng tin
c gii, my mc.
Nc ma chy trc tip vo cng trng
Cn b cng nhn vin lm vic ti khu vc.
a.2. Ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi

Ngun pht sinh lin quan n cht thi trong giai on xy dng c
tng hp ti bng 3.2.
Bng 3.2. Ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi trong giai on xy dng
T
T
1
2
3
Loi tc ng
Hot ng pht sinh
Pht sinh ting n

Hot ng ca cc thit b my mc, thi cng
Pht sinh chn ng, rung
Hot ng ca phng tin c gii thi cng
T nn, an ninh trt t a
Tp trung lao ng
phng ni trin khai d n

| 49
b. i tng b tc ng
b.1. Tc ng n mi trng khng kh
Bi:
Gi thit lng nguyn vt liu phc v cho giai on thi cng xy dng
c vn chuyn bng xe ti 15 tn th thi lng bi do xe ti chy trn ng
t c tnh theo cng thc sau:
s
E= 1,7k. (12 )( 48 )( 2,7 )
0,7
w
365 p
( ) 0, 5
4
365
(Ngun: Air Chief, Cc Mi trng M, 1995)
Trong :
E Lng pht thi bi, kg bi/(km)
k- H s k n kch thc bi, (k=0,8, cho bi c kch thc nh hn 30m).
s- H s k n loi mt ng (ng t, s=6,4).
S- Tc trung bnh ca xe ti (S=30km/h).
W- Ti trng ca xe, 15 tn.
w- S lp xe ca xe t (10 lp).
p- S ngy ma trung bnh nm.
Bng 3.3. H s k n loi mt ng - s
Loi ng
ng dn dng
ng th
Khong gi tr
1,6-6,8
0,4-13
Trung bnh
12
5,7
(Theo Air Chief, chng 13, Fugitive Dust Sources)

Bng 3.4. H s k n kch thc bi k
Kch thc bi, micron

H s k
<30
0,8
30-15
0,5
15-10
0,36
10-5
0,2
5-2,5
0,095
(Theo Air Chief, chng 13, Fugitive Dust Sources)
D bo thi lng bi do xe ti vn chuyn, b qua nh hng ca ngy

c ma (p=0), thay cc s liu trn vo cng thc xc nh E = 2,377 kg.bi/km
Vi tin qu trnh xy dng, lp t c thc hin trong 9 thng lu
lng xe c tnh trong gi l 1 xe (Ngun: Cng ty TNHH Long Sn, cn c
vo qu trnh u t cc nguyn vt liu phc v cng tc xy dng), vn tc xe
trung bnh l 30km/h. Theo kt qu thc nghim ca Cc Bo v Mi trng
M, lng bi pht sinh t mt ng tun theo quy lut sau:
| 50

V 365 n
L
365
K = 0,81.E. ( 50 )
, kg bi/km.ngy
Trong :
E Lng bi mn trn mt ng, kg bi/km, E = 2,377 kg bi/km,
V- Tc trung bnh lung xe, km/h, ly V= 30km/h,
N- S ngy ma trong nm c lng ma t hn 254mm/ngy, ngy, (ly n=0),
L Mt xe trung bnh [lu lng xe (xe/h) chia cho tc lung xe
trung bnh (km/h)], xe/km: 0,033 xe/km,
Thay cc d liu vo cng thc trn:
30
=> K = 0,81. 2,377. 50 .0,033 = 0,038 kg bi/km.ngy.

Kh thi:
Kh thi pht sinh t cc hot ng ca my mc v thit b thi cng c s
dng cc ngun nguyn nhin liu ha hc.
Cn c ti liu ca WHO cung cp v h s nhim ca cc kh thi khi
s dng 1 tn du i vi ng c t trong c lit k trong bng 3.5:
Bng 3.5. H s pht thi i vi ng c s dng du DO
TT
1
2
3
4
Thng s
SO2
NOx
HC
CO
H s pht thi (kg/tn du)

2,075S
14,4
0,8
2,9
(Ngun: WHO, Rapid Environmental Assessment, 1993)
Thi gian ca my hot ng trong giai on ny d kin l 9 thng: tng

ng vi 270 ca my (1 ngy 2 ca).
- nh mc du s dng cho cng tc vn ti l 72,9 lt/ca (cn c vo
thng s k thut chung ca xe Hyundai HD-270, 15 tn) cho cng tc
vn ti => lng du Diezen s dng = 270x72,9 = 19.683 lt.
Do t trng ca du t 0,78 0,83. Chn t trng ca du s dng trong d
n l 0,8.
Lng du s dng trong 1 ngy l: 72,9 x 0,8 = 58,32(kg) = 0,0583 (tn).

| 51
T s liu trnh by bng 3.5, d bo c lng kh thi ca cc ng

c pht sinh trong qu sinh vn chuyn t vi lng du s dng bnh qun
trong ngy c trnh by trong bng 3.6.
Bng 3.6. D bo lng kh thi pht ra ca cc phng tin thi cng
TT
Thng s
1
2
3
4
SO2
NO2
CO
HC
Tng lng pht thi

1 ngy (kg/ngy)
2,075S
0,121
14,4
0,84
0,8
0,047
2,9
0,169
Ghi ch: Hm lng S trong du DO l 0,05 %
H s pht thi (kg/tn du)
Kh thi pht sinh t cng tc thi cng ban u vi lng pht thi thp,
v trong khng gian rng. S lan truyn ca kh tc ng trc tip n cng

nhn vin lao ng nhng mc thp. gim thiu tc ng khng ng
c ca kh thi th cng nhn c trang b cc thit b bo h lao.
Kh thi t cc my pht in:
- Cng sut my pht:
- Lng du tiu th:
- Hm lng cacbon, hydro v lu hunh trong du:
- Lng kh thi khi t 1 kg du iu kin tiu chun
2000 KVA
20.832 kg du/h
86,6%, 12,5%, 1,2%
18,5 Nm3/kg du
33600 Nm3/h
v ly h s kh d l 1,2:
- Lu lng kh thi:
Thng s k thut c ly t thng s k thut ca My pht in Kohler model 2000 REOZM
Bng 3.7 - Ti lng v nng cc cht nhim trong kh thi my pht in
Cht
nhim
H s
nhim
(kg/tn du)
Ti lng
nhim
(g/s)
Nng cht
nhim
(mg/Nm3)
Bi
SO2
NOx
CO
VOC
0,576
17S
7,2
1,68
0,6
43,197
63,746
539,965
125,992
44,997
0,357
0,527
4,464
1,042
0,372
QCVN 19:2009
(mg/Nm3)
A
B
400
1500
1000
1000
-
200
500
850
1000
-
So snh nng cc cht nhim trong kh thi my pht pht in vi

quy chun 19:2009/BTNMT, ct B (p dng cho cc c s sn xut, ch bin,
kinh doanh, dch v cng nghip hot ng k t t ngy 16/01/2007), cho thy
nng cc cht nhim trong kh thi my pht in u nh hn tiu chun
cho php. Mt khc, my pht in hot ng khng lin tc, din tch mt bng
| 52
khu vc tng i rng, do nhng tc ng t kh thi ca my pht in l

khng ng k.
Kh thi t cc cng on ct hn kim loi
Trong qu trnh ct hn cc kt cu thp, cc loi ho cht cha trong que
hn b chy v pht sinh khi c cha cc cht c hi c kh nng gy nhim
mi trng v nh hng n sc kho ngi cng nhn. T trng cc cht
nhim trong qu trnh hn in c th hin trong bng 3.8.
Bng 3.8. T trng cc cht nhim trong qu trnh hn in kim loi
(mg/1 que hn)

Cht nhim
ng knh que hn, mm

Trung bnh
2,5
3,25
4
5
6
4,15
Khi hn
285
508
706
1.100
1.578
835,4
CO
10
15
25
35
50
27
NOx
12
20
30
45
70
35,4
(Ngun: Phm Ngc ng, Mi trng khng kh, NXB Khoa hc v K thut 2000)
c tnh lng que hn s dng l 1000 que. Ti lng nhim trung

bnh ngy do hn in c th hin trong bng 3.9.
Bng 3.9. Ti lng nhim do hn in
Cht nhim
- Khi hn
- CO
- NOx
Ti lng (kg/ngy)
0,8354
0,027
0,0354
Ti lng ny khng cao, nht l khi so snh ti lng kh CO v NOx vi

kh thi pht sinh t cc xe vn ti. Tuy nhin n li nh hng trc tip n
nhng ngi cng nhn v th hn. Nu khng c cc phng tin phng h
ph hp, ngi th hn khi tip xc vi cc loi kh c hi c th b nhng nh
hng lu di n sc kho, thm ch nng cao c th b nhim c cp tnh.
Ting n
+ Ting n pht ra t vi c s dng cc loi my mc:
Trong giai on ny, ting n v rung ch yu t hot ng ca cc
my mc xy dng v ca cc phng ti n v n chuyn.
Cng thc xc nh mc n ti m t im cch ngun x (m) c xc
nh nh sau:
Lp(x) = Lp(xo) + 10 lg(xo/xp)
| 53
Trong :
- Lp(xo)
: Mc n cch ngun 1m (dBA)
- xo
: xo = 1m
- Lp(x)
: Mc n ti v tr tnh ton (dBA)
-x
: Khong cch t ngun ti v tr tnh ton (m).
Mc n tng cng ti mt im c xc nh theo cng thc sau y:

n
L = 10.lg 10
0 ,1Li
, dBA
Trong :
- L
: tng mc n (mc cng m thanh) ti im xem xt;
- Li
: mc n ca ngun i ;
-n
: s ngun n.
Mc n sinh ra t hot ng ca cc thit b thi cng do Cng ty TNHH T

vn v Chuyn giao cng ngh Mi trng Thng Long, o thc t v tnh ton
theo cng thc th hi n trong bng 3.10.
Bng 3.10. Mc n ca m t s loi thit b thi cng theo khong cch
Mc n im
Mc n
Mc n
TT
Thit b thi cng
cch my 1,5 m
khong cch
khong cch
(dBA)
200 m (dBA)
500 m (dBA)
1
My khoan
87
65,8
61,8
2
My ca tay
82
60,8
56,8
3
My nn diezen
80
58,8
54,8
4
My p cc btng 1,5 T
75
53,8
49,8
5
My trn b tng
75
53,8
49,8
TC 3733/2002/BYT
85
TCVN 5949 - 1998
75
75
TCVN 3985 - 1998
85
53,8
45,8
- Theo TCVN 3985:1995 v mc cho php ting n ti khu vc hot ng

v TCVN 5949:1998 v Gii hn ti a cho php ting n ti khu vc cng
c ng v dn c th mc n ln nht cho php l 85 dBA trong khu vc sn xut
v mc thp nht l 40 dBA ti b nh vi n, th vi n, nh iu dng, trng
hc t 22 h n 6 h sng v khng vt qu 75 dBA ti khu dn c.
Nh vy, vi mc n pht ra t hot ng ca cc my mc trong thi
cng ch gy nhim ting n ti khu vc thi cng v di tiu chun cho php
| 54
i vi khu dn c. Tuy nhin cc ngun gy nhim ting n ch tc ng tm

thi v qu trnh thi cng c s cc hng mc cng trnh ngn, khng tp trung.
i tng b tc ng chnh l cn b, cng nhn hot ng trn cng trng.
Do , cc cn b cng nhn vin s c trang b cc thit b bo h lao ng
nhm hn ch thp nht cc tc ng khng tt nh hng ti sc khe.
b.2.Tc ng n mi trng nc
Nc thi sinh hot:
Lng nc cp trong giai on thi cng theo nh mc WHO l (30-120
l/ngi/ngy). Cn c vo iu kin thc t ti khu vc xy dng, cng nh tp
qun sinh hot ca dn c Vit Nam. Lng nc cp trong giai on xy dng
c bn ly nh mc l 60 l/ngi/ngy m. S lng cng nhn thi cng trong
giai on ny khong 30 ngi. Lng nc thi sinh hot chim 80% th lng
nc thi pht sinh c tnh ton nh sau:
Q1 =
(30 x60) x 0,8

1000
= 1,44 m3/ngy
(Ghi ch: 0,8: nh mc x thi chim 80% lng nc cp)

Ti lng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot cha c x l () v
c x l qua b t hoi (tnh ton thng k ca nhiu Quc gia ang pht
trin) th hi n trong bng 3.11
Bng 3.11. Ti lng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot
Cht nhim
BOD5
COD
Cht rn l lng
Tng N
Amonic
Tng P
Tng coliform (MPN/100ml)
Fecal coliform (MPN/100ml)
Trng giun sn (MPN/100ml)
Ti lng cc cht nhim (g/ngi-ngy)

Khng x l
x l
45 - 54 (49,5)a
10 - 20 (15)
85 - 102 (93,7)
18 - 36 (27)
70 - 145 (107,5)
8 - 16 (12)
6 - 12 (9)
2 - 4 (3)
2,3 - 4,8 (3,55)
0,5 - 1,5 (1)
0,8 - 4,0 (2,4)
0,2 - 1,2 (0,7)
106 - 109
(b)
5
6
10 - 10
(b)
103
(b)
(Ngun: Rapid Environmental Assessment, WHO, 1993)
Ghi ch: (a) Gi tr ti thiu ti a (gi tr trung bnh)

| 55
(b) - Cha c s liu nghin cu c th
Trn c s s liu ny, c th tnh c ti lng cc cht nhim do nc

thi sinh hot to ra tc ng ti mi trng trong bng 3.12.
Bng 3.12. Ti lng trung bnh cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot ca
cng nhn thi cng d n
Ti lng cc cht nhim (kg/ngy)

Khng x l
x l (b t hoi)
1,485
0,45
2,811
0,081
32,25
0,36
0,27
0,09
0,107
0,03
0,072
0,021
Cht nhim
BOD5
COD
SS
Tng N
Amonic
Tng P
Vi sinh (n v MPN/100ml):
- Tng Coliform
30 x 109
- Fecal Coliform
30 x 106
- Trng giun sn
30 x 103
Ghi ch: (*) - Cha c s liu nghin cu c th
(*)
(*)
(*)
Lng nc ma chy trn qua cng trng thi cng

Qm = F x Amax/30 (Ngun: Thuyt minh d n)
Trong :
- Qm: Lng nc ma ln nht chy trc tip trn khu vc d n,
m3/ngy m.
- F: Din tch khu vc xy dng, 7.000m2.
- Amax: Lng nc ma ln nht chy vo khu vc cng trng (ly theo
lng nc ma ngy ln nht theo thng trong nm v c ly theo s liu
thng k t nm 1995 - 2009 l 971,4 mm).
Kt qu tnh ton nh sau:
Qm = 7.000 x 0,9714/30 = 226,67 m3/ngy m
Vi nc ma chy trn, nng nhim ph thu c vo:
- Thi gian gia hai tr n ma lin tip v t p trung ch yu vo tr n ma
u (gi l nc ma t u: tnh t khi bt u hnh thnh dng chy b m t
cho n 15 ho c 20 pht sau ).
| 56
- iu ki n v sinh b m t khu vc.

Do v y , nu khng c nhng bi n php v sinh b m t khu vc, ma to
ko di c th cun theo m t lng ln t, rc thi theo ma xung cc h
thng cng thot v thy vc tip nhn nc ma ti khu vc. gim tc ng
, h thng thot nc ca d n c trin khai xy dng trc khi xy dng
cc hng mc cng trnh khc. H thng mng thot nc c cc h gas lng
cht l lng trc khi chy vo h thng thot chung ca khu cng nghip.
Ngun gy nhim mi trng nc trong thi gian thi cng xy dng ch
yu t nc ma chy trn. Tuy nhin, h tng khu cng nghip c quy hoch
c h thng x l nc thi chung, nc thi ti cc khu vc c thu gom v
thot theo h thng thot nc ca KCN c u t xy dng. Trong khun
vin d n, h thng thot nc mt b tr cc h ga c li chn rc, gim thiu
nhng cn rn l lng v rc thi gy nh hng n dng chy ca h thng thot.
b.3.Tc ng do cht thi rn
Trong qu trnh xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh, cht thi rn pht sinh gm
t thi trong qu trnh xy dng, thng cha
- Lng cht thi xy dng pht sinh c tnh d kin l 150 kg/ngy.
- Ngoi ra cn m t lng rc thi sinh hot do cn b cng nhn xy
dng thi ra hng ngy. Lng pht sinh trong 1 ngy l 30 ngi x 1 kg/ngi/ngy
= 30 kg/ngy (vi 1 kg l nh mc thi ca 1 ngi trong 1 ngy Ngun: H thng
tiu chun v mi trng v cc quy nh mi nht v bo v mi trng, BTNMT,
2008).
Trong thi gian d kin xy dng (9 thng), tng lng rc thi sinh hot
pht sinh: 30 kg/ngi/ngy x 270 ngy = 8100 kg.
Thnh phn rc thi sinh hot c th hi n trong bng 3.13
Bng 3.13. Thnh phn rc thi sinh hot
TT
1
2
3
Thnh phn cht thi
Rau, thc phm tha, cht hu c d phn hy

Cy g
Giy, bao b giy

Khi lng
(%)
64,7
6,6
2,1
| 57
TT
4
5
6
7
8
Khi lng
(%)
Thnh phn cht thi
Plastic kh ti ch
Cao su
Vi si, v t li u si
t , b tng
Thnh phn khc
9,1
6,3
4,2
1,6
5,4
(Ngun: HOW ADICO, 06/2002)
- Cht thi nguy hi c tnh trong rc thi sinh hot khong 720 kg trong
c giai on, khong 3 kg/ngy (Theo s liu thng k, hot ng xy dng,
lng CTNH pht sinh chim khong 10% rc thi sinh hot).
Ngoi ra cn m t phn cht thi nguy hi pht sinh trong qu trnh bo
tr, sa cha my mc: gi lau du m thi, c quy hng ca trang thit b thi
cng, vn ti.
Bng 3.14. Mt s loi cht thi nguy hi pht sinh trong giai on thi cng
TT
Tn cht thi
1
2
3
Cht thi c cha du

Gi lau, gng tay dnh du
Bng n hunh quang thi c cha thu ngn
Trng thi tn ti
Rn Lng Bn
x
x
x
x
-
M
CTNH
19 07 01
18 02 01
16 01 06
Trong giai on ny, s ln bo dng ca cc phng tin v thit b l 2

ln (trung bnh 3- 6 thng/ln). Lng du nht thi ra t cc phng tin vn
chuyn v thi cng c gii trung bnh 7 lt/ln thay (Nghin cu ti ch nht
thnh nhin liu lng Trung tm Khoa hc K thut Cng ngh Qun s -BQP
2002). Vi khong 10 phng tin vn chuyn nn lng du nht thi khon
70 lt/ln thay. Nh vy, lng du nht thi cho giai on thi cng l 140 lt.
Lng du thi c thu gom vo cc can nha 20 lt v thng phuy 200 lt.
b.4. Tc ng do tp trung cng nhn
Khi c mt lng ln cng nhn thi cng tp trung s c th lm pht sinh
cc t nn x hi tiu cc khc nh: c bc, trm cp, mi dm, ma ty.... Mt
khc nu thc ca cng nhn khng c cao, khng thc hin ng quy nh
trong an ton lao ng v ni quy lao ng s lm gia tng tc ng xu ti an
ninh trt t ca a phng.
| 58
c. D bo nhng ri ro, s c mi trng

Ha hon
Cc thit lu cha nguyn nhiu liu, khu tp kt cc thit b lu cha
phc v cho thi cng, my mc, thit b k thut l cc ngun gy chy n. Khi
s c xy ra c th gy thit hi nghim trng v ngi, kinh t v mi trng.
H thng cp in cho cc my mc, thit b thi cng c th gy ra s c
git, chp, chy n gy thit hi v kinh t hay ti nn lao ng cho cng nhn
Cc cng trnh , sp
Trong qu thi thi cng xy dng cc hng mc ca Nh my c th xy ra
hin tng , sp cc hng mc thi cng. Hin tng tng, gy kt cu
khung nh xng, ct in l nhng hin tng c kh nng xy ra nu
qu trnh thi cng khng c m bo v an ton cng nh quy trnh t
chc thi cng.
Tai nn lao ng
Trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng c th xy ra tai nn lao ng khi s
dng my mc thit b, phng php thi cng khng tun th quy trnh an ton
lao ng.
3.1.2. Giai on i vo hot ng
a. Ngun tc ng
a.1. Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi
Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi trong giai on i vo hot
ng c tng hp ti bng 3.15.
Bng 3.15. Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi trong giai on hot ng
T
T
Loi tc ng
Pht sinh bi
Pht sinh kh thi
Pht sinh cht thi rn
3.1 Cht thi rn thng thng
Hot ng pht sinh

Cc cng on sn xut: ct l cc, trn cao, trt
cao, bt ch, c sn, sy l cc
Vn chuyn sn phm.
Hot ng ca my mc thit b ti cc cng on
sn xut.
Hot ng ca xe vn chuyn sn phm.
Sn phm loi ca qu trnh sn xut.
Rc thi t khu vn phng, nh n ca CBCNV.

| 59
3.2 Cht thi nguy hi

4
Pht sinh nc thi
4.1 Nc ma
4.2 Nc thi sinh hot
4.3 Nc thi cng nghip
Hot ng sn xut: cng on trn cao, trt cao,

ha thnh, ct l cc, lp rp
Hot ng ca cc thit b x l kh thi, nc thi.
Nc ma.
Cn b cng nhn vin lm vic Nh my.
T cng on sn xut
Hot ng ca h thng x l kh thi
V sinh cng nghip
a.2. Ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi

Ngun pht sinh lin quan n cht thi trong giai on hot ng c
tng hp ti bng 3.16.
Bng 3.16. Ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi trong giai on hot ng
T
T
1
Loi tc ng
Pht sinh chn ng, rung
T nn, an ninh trt t a phng

Tp trung lao ng
ni trin khai d n
Pht sinh n
Hot ng pht sinh

Hot ng ca cc thit b my mc,
Hot ng ca phng tin c gii, my mc
sn xut
b. i tng b tc ng
b.1. Tc ng n mi trng khng kh
Kh thi, bi t hot ng giao thng vn ti
Trong qu trnh hot ng, hng ngy ti khu vc Nh my s c cc hot
ng giao thng vn ti chuyn ch cc loi nguyn vt liu v hng ha ra vo
Nh my, cc phng tin ny lm pht sinh cc loi kh thi nh SO x, NOx,
CO, HC, VOC... Tuy nhin, trong giai on ny cc ngun gy tc ng ny l
khng ng k. Ti lng cc cht nhim c d bo nh trong giai on thi
cng xy dng.
Kh thi t hot ng sn xut
Ngun gc pht sinh:
Cng on bt ch: h thng thit b khp kn vn hnh ch t ng,
pht sinh hi ch v bi ch cc thit b nu ch, c ch, my nghin bi, xi l
bt ch. Cng on ny c h thng ht bi ng b i km.
Cng on c sn: h thng khp kn vn hnh ch t ng. Ch
a vo l nu ri dng bm nn cp ch cho my c sn, pht sinh hi ch v
| 60
bi ch ch yu l nu v my c sn. Cng on ny c h thng qut

ht ht bi ch a ti h thng thu hi ch ng b i km.
Cng on trn cao, trt cao: cc thit b nh lng, pha trn u l thit
b kn lm vic ch t ng, pht sinh bi v kh c hi gu ti, my trn
cao, my c cc, ni nu ch hp kim,
Cng on ha thnh: l cng on to ra PbO2 cc dng v Pb cc
m bng cch in phn l cc trt cao trong dung dch axit Sulfuric long bng
dng in mt chiu. xy v hyr thot ra ko theo cc git dung dch axt
sulfuric nh li ti to thnh m axt.
Cng on ct l cc: cc thit b h, pht sinh bi ch cc my ct v
chi th, my ct v my mi l cc. cng on ny c b tr cc chp ht cc
b v h thng qut ht ht bi a n cyclon v thp thu hi bi.
Cng on lp rp: y l dy chuyn bn t ng, bao gm cc my hn
in cc, my gn np, my kim tra kn, u l cc thit b h. Ngun kh
thi c hi ch c cc b my hn in cc.
Ti lng:
Cn c vo bo co gim st mi trng nh k nm 2010 ca Cng ty CP
c quy Tia Sng, cng sut 400.000 KWh/nm, d bo ti lng pht thi ti
cc cng on sn xut ca qu trnh sn xut c quy min bo dng ca d n:
Bi ch:
+ Cng on bt ch: 0,084 m3/s
+ Cng on c sn: 0,042 m3/s
+ Cng on trn cao: 0,021 m3/s
+ Cng on sy l cc: 0,0168 m3/s
+ Cng on ct l cc: 0,009 m3/s
Hi axit (H2SO4):
Hi axit pht sinh t: pht sinh t cng on trn cao, trt cao v ha
thnh.
Nng hi axit pht sinh trong qu trnh hot ng ca Nh my sn xut
c quy l 101,4 mg/m3.

| 61
Cng on ha thnh: d bo nng hi axit trc khi x l l 87,6

mg/m3.
- Tc hi ca bi ch vi sc khe ngi dn v ngi lao ng:
Lm vic tip xc vi bi ch gy bnh au mt, bnh ng h hp, b
nhim ch trong mu
Mt s trng hp b vim no m di chng li l s ng ngn, tht
chn, bi lit, m.
Tc hi u tin l th trng xm en, gy yu, ho, mt dc ca nhng
ngi trc tip nu ch.Nu bi ch cha c x l trit th vt xung
quanh lun phi chu mi kht lt, bi ch bm en.
Bi ch cha ch l mt cht rt c cho c th, lm sc kho con ngi b
tiu hao nhanh chng, ny sinh nhiu tt bnh v dn n c kh nng v sinh..
a s cc bnh trc tip do tip xc l cc bnh v mt, ng rut, ng h
hp, nhim c ch trong mu, d dy.
- Tc hi ca hi axit n sc khe v mi trng:
Khi nng kh SO2 t qu trnh sn xut c thi qu mc th gp phn
gy ma axt. Gy ra nhng hu qu nghim trng v ngi v ca: lm h hi
ma mng, gim nng sut cy trng, ph hy cc rng cy, e da cuc sng
ca cc loi sinh vt di nc v trn cn, ph hoi cc cng trnh kin trc,
xy dng, nh hng nghim trng ti sc khe con ngi. Nhng tc ng
tiu cc ny thng ko di v kh khc phc.
Hi axit xm thc mnh i vi cc vt s dng, c bit l chng c
kh nng bo mn b tng, n mn cc vt liu lm bng kim loi
Hi axit khi gp mt v da th gy nn cm gic nga ngy kh chu, nu
nng nh ch gy n da v au vng mc, nu nng nng th c th h
vng mc v ph hy t bo da, gy ung th da. Ngoi ra hi axit gy ra cc
bnh v ng h hp, tc ng trc tip ln ngi tip xc.
Kh thi, bi t cc hot ng khc

| 62
Cc hot ng khc nh thu gom, x l nc thi s b tp trung, nht l

ti cc b phn ng, hot ng thu gom tn tr, vn chuyn rc thi cng sinh ra
cc kh nhim nh: NH3, H2S, CH4, mercaptan, bi, CO,
Ngoi ra kh thi cn pht sinh t hot ng ca trm bin th, my nn, h
thng cp gas, ngun pht sinh nhim trong phm vi cho php nn khng
cn thit phi x l.
Ting n, rung
nhim ting n, rung pht sinh t hot ng ca cc loi bng ti, my
mc, thit b hoc do va chm c hc ca vt liu vi nhau.
Ting n pht sinh do hot ng ca cc phng tin vn chuyn nguyn
liu v sn phm
Ting n cn th pht ra t ng dn kh thi trong ng ng.
Ting n cn pht sinh t qu trnh chy my pht in d phng.
n pht sinh ti mt s thit b c th hin trong bng 3.18.
Bng 3.18. Ting n pht sinh ti mt s thit b
TT
1
2
3
4
Nguyn nhn gy ting n

My nn kh
My nghin bt ch
My trn
Thit b kh mi
Ting n (dBA) trc x l

(cch ngun n 1,5m)
85
84
84
84
(Ngun: Cng ty CP c quy Tia Sng)
b.2. Tc ng n mi trng nc
Ngun pht sinh: nc thi ca Nh my sn xut c quy ch yu t cc
hot ng:
+ Nc ma chy trn.
+ Nc thi sinh hot: pht sinh t qu trnh sinh hot ca cng nhn,
nhn vin vn phng v nc thi t khu vc bp n tp th ca Nh my.
+ Nc thi sn xut:
- Pht sinh t cng on v sinh my mc, thit b v nh xng;
- T hot ng sn xut (pht sinh t cng on trn, trt cao, sy l cc,
ha thnh);
| 63
- Nc thi pht sinh t h thng x l kh thi nhim axt sunfuric long.

Nc ma
c tnh lng nc ma chy trn t khu vc Nh my tng t giai
on thi cng xy dng:
Qm = F x Amax/30 (Ngun: Thuyt minh d n)
Trong :
- Qm: Lng nc ma ln nht chy trc tip trn khu vc d n,
m3/ngy m.
- F: Din tch khu vc xy dng, 10.000m2.
- Amax: Lng nc ma ln nht chy vo khu vc cng trng ly theo
lng nc ma ngy ln nht theo thng trong nm v c ly theo s liu
thng k t nm 1995 - 2009 l 971,4 mm.
Kt qu tnh ton nh sau:
Qm = 7.000 x 0,9714/30= 226,66 m3/ngy m.
Lng nc ma chy trn khu vc Nh my tng ng vi 0,0037 m3/s
- Cht lng nc ma chy trn ph thuc vo nhiu yu t khc nhau
nh tnh trng v sinh trong khu vc thu gom nc ma. V vy, KCN Khnh
Ph u t 2 h thng thot nc ring bit: nc ma v nc thi sn xut.
Do , h thng thot nc ma ca Nh my sn xut c quy s c b phn
chn rc (song chn rc) v qua h thng x l s b trc khi u ni v thot
ra h thng thot nc ma chung ca KCN Khnh Ph.
Nc ma chy trn trn mt t ti khu vc d n s cun theo cc cht
cn b, bi ch, nc ma nhim axit sunfuric long v t ct xung ng
thot nc. Nu khng c bin php tiu thot tt, s gy nn tnh trng ng
nc ma, gy nh hng xu n mi trng.
Nng cc cht nhim trong nc ma chy trn c c tnh nh sau:
+ Tng Nit
: 0,5 1,5 mg/l
+ Tng Pht pho
: 0,004 0,03 mg/l
+ COD
: 10 20 mg/l

| 64
+ Tng cht rn l lng
: 10 20 mg/l
Do , d n s thit k xy dng h thng rnh thot nc xung quanh cc

phn xng to iu kin tt cho vic thng thot nc ma c trit .
Nc thi sn xut
- Nc thi sn xut: pht sinh t cng on v sinh my mc, thit b v
nh xng (lng pht sinh nc thi t cng on ny rt t),
- Nc thi t hot ng sn xut pht sinh t cng on trn, trt cao, sy bn
cc, ha thnh (khong 240 m3/ngy, chim 80% lng nc cp cho sn xut).
+ Cng on trn: c tnh chim 50% lng tng lng nc thi sn xut
(=120 m3/ngy).
+ Cng on trt cao: c tnh chim 30% lng nc thi (= 72 m3/ngy).
+ Cng on sy bn: c tnh chim 20% lng nc thi (= 48 m3/ngy).
+ Cng on ha thnh: B ha thnh v thng ha thnh l thit b h, ti
y pht sinh hi axit trong qu trnh np in cc. cng on ny c b tr
cc chp ht cc b v h thng qut ht hi axit dn ti cc xyclon mng nc
v h thng trung ha x l h thng x l lm vic tun hon. Nc thi
axit cng on ha thnh c dn ti khu x l nc thi sn xut, m bo
tiu chun cho php mi thi ra h thng thi chung ca khu cng nghip.
Lng nc thi s c thu gom t cc cng on v trm x l nc thi tp
trung ca Nh my.
- Nc thi pht sinh t h thng x l kh thi (nhim hi axt sunfuric
long nhng lng pht sinh nc thi ti y rt t v cng c a v trm
x l nc thi tp trung bng h thng ng dn).
Bng 3.19. Nng v ti lng nc thi pht sinh trong qu trnh sn xut
Ti lng
Nc thi trc khi x l
pH
SS
COD
(m3/ngy)
Nng (mg/l)
240
1,0 ~ 2,0
100
100
Ti lng (kg/ngy)
240
24
24
Pb
50
12
(Ngun: Bo co hin trng mi trng Cng ty CP c quy Tia Sng)
Nc thi sinh hot

| 65
Nc thi sinh hot: ch yu l nc thi t sinh hot ca cng nhn, nhn

vin vn phng v nc thi t khu vc bp n.
c trng ca nc thi sinh hot l c nhiu cht l lng, nng cht
hu c cao, nu khng c tp trung v x l th s nh hng xu n ngun
nc b mt. Ngoi ra, khi tch t lu ngy, cc cht hu c ny s b phn hy
gy ra mi hi thi.
Ngoi ra, trong nc thi sinh hot cn c mt lng cht rn l lng c
kh nng gy hin tng bi lng cho cc ngun thy vc tip nhn n, khin
cht lng nc ti nhng thy vc ny xu i. Cc cht dinh dng nh N, P c
nhiu trong nc thi sinh hot chnh l cc yu t gy nn hin tng ph dng.
S lng cng nhn lm vic ti Nh my trong giai on hot ng l
219 ngi. nh mc cp nc trong qu trnh hot ng ca Nh my l d
kin l 100 lt/ngi/ngy m. Lng nc thi sinh hot chim 80% nc cp.
Vy lng nc thi pht sinh c tnh ton nh sau:
Q1 =
( 219 x100) x 0,8

1000
= 17,52 m3/ngy
Ti lng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot cha c x l

(Rapid Environmental Assessment, WHO, 1993) v c x l qua b t hoi
(tnh ton thng k ca nhiu Quc gia ang pht trin) th hi n trong bng 3.20.
Bng 3.20. Ti lng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot
Cht nhim
BOD5
COD
Cht rn l lng
Tng N
Amonic
Tng P
Tng coliform (MPN/100ml)
Fecal coliform (MPN/100ml)
Trng giun sn (MPN/100ml)
Ti lng cc cht nhim (g/ngi-ngy)

Khng x l
x l
a
45 - 54 (49,5)
10 - 20 (15)
85 - 102 (93,7)
18 - 36 (27)
70 - 145 (107,5)
8 - 16 (12)
6 - 12 (9)
2 - 4 (3)
2,3 - 4,8 (3,55)
0,5 - 1,5 (1)
0,8 - 4,0 (2,4)
0,2 - 1,2 (0,7)
6
9
10 - 10
(b)
105 - 106
(b)
3
10
(b)
Ghi ch: (a) Gi tr ti thiu ti a (gi tr trung bnh)

(b) - Cha c s liu nghin cu c th
| 66
Trn c s s liu ny, c th tnh c ti lng cc cht nhim do nc

thi sinh hot to ra tc ng ti mi trng trong bng 3.21.
Bng 3.21. Ti lng trung bnh cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot ca
cn b cng nhn vin
Ti lng cc cht nhim (kg/ngy)

Khng x l
x l (b t hoi)
10,84
3,285
20,52
5,913
23,54
2,628
1,97
0,657
0,77
0,219
0,153
0,53
Cht nhim
BOD5
COD
SS
Tng N
Amonic
Tng P
Vi sinh (n v MPN/100ml):
- Tng Coliform
219 x 109
- Fecal Coliform
219 x 106
- Trng giun sn
219 x 103
Ghi ch: (*) - Cha c s liu nghin cu c th
(*)
(*)
(*)
b.3. Tc ng do cht thi rn

Cht thi sinh hot
Cht thi rn sinh hot ch yu l cht thi rn sinh hot ca cng nhn v
nhn vin vn phng.
Thnh phn rc thi bao gm cc loi rc v c (bao b, giy, nylon,
nha...) v cc cht hu c.
Nu ch u t khng c bin php x l thch hp th cng s gy nhiu
tc ng xu n mi trng nh gy mi hi v mt m quan ca Nh my.
nh mc rc thi sinh hot : W = 1,0 kg/ngi/ngy (Ngun: H thng tiu
chun v mi trng v cc quy nh mi nht v bo v mi trng, BTNMT, 2008)
Lng rc thi sinh hot pht sinh trong giai on hot ng trong 1 ngy
c tnh t 219 kg.
D bo thnh phn rc thi sinh hot, c nu trong bng 3.22.
Bng 3.22. D bo thnh phn rc thi sinh hot
Thnh phn
Giy
Thy tinh
Kim loi
Nha
Chng loi
Sch, bo, tp ch v cc vt liu giy khc
Chai, l thy tinh
Lon st nhm
Chai nha, bao nilon

T l (%)
2-4
0,5 1,5
1,5 2,5
4,5 - 7
| 67
Thnh phn
Cht hu c
Cht c hi
X bn
Cht hu c kh phn hy
Cc cht c th t chy
Chng loi
Thc n tha, rau tri
Pin, c quy, sn
Snh s, btng,
Cao su, da, gi da
Cnh cy, g
T l (%)
70 - 82
0,2 0,5
2-4
2-5
5-9
Trong thnh phn rc thi sinh hot ca d n ch yu l cc hp cht hu

c v cc loi bao b kh phn hu nh PVC, PE, v lon...
Cht thi rn cng nghip khng nguy hi
Cht thi rn cng nghip khng nguy hi pht sinh trong qu trnh sn
xut nh cc loi bao b nha, thng carton cha ng vt liu sn xut v
sn phm ng gi. S lng khng ln, thnh phn chnh l giy v nha nn
c ti s dng nn t gy nhim mi trng t, nc, khng kh ti khu vc
v vng ln cn.
Tc ng: Cc loi bao b ng nguyn vt liu thi b v cc cht thi
trong sn xut cng c kh nng gy nhim nu khng c thu gom v x l
mt cch hp l, nc ma cun tri gy nhim cho ngun nc mt
Cht thi nguy hi
- Ngun gc pht sinh:
Cc cht thi nguy hi c pht sinh ti cc cng on sn xut v trong
qu trnh x l nc thi, kh thi.
Cn c vo nhu cu nguyn nhin liu s dng cho sn xut 1KWh, lng
cht thi rn pht sinh t cc cng on sn xut c tnh:
Bng 3.23. D bo lng CTNH pht sinh t cc cng on sn xut
TT
Cng on sn xut
1 c sn
2 Trn cao
3 Trt cao
4 Ct l cc
Tng
Lng CTNH pht sinh trong 1 ngy
(1875KWh)
Cht thi nguy hi (kg)

B ch
Cao ch
Ch vn
0,0076
0,0074
0,152
0,105
0,0076
0,1594
0,105
14,25
298,85
196,875

| 68
S lng c quy thnh phm tng ng 600.000 bnh, trng lng trung
bnh ca 1 bnh c quy c sn xut ti Nh my t 1-4kg. c quy thi d tnh
chim 1,5 % tng lng c quy sn xut (thuyt minh d n).
=> Tng lng c quy thi pht sinh trong qu trnh sn xut c t 9000
36000 kg/nm, tng ng vi 28,125 112,5 kg/ngy.
Bn thi c cha ch: bn thi t h thng x l kh thi v bn thi t h
thng x l nc thi tp trung c tnh khong 55 tn/nm.
Ngoi ra, trong qu trnh sn xut ca Nh my c quy cn pht sinh cc
thit b lu cha ha cht (chai l bng nha, bng thy tinh). Cc thit b
c lu vo trong kho v bn giao li cho nh sn xut v cung ng.
i vi cc thit b lu cha b h hng c tnh chim 2% s lng thit
b la cha trung bnh trong ngy d bo:
2% x 2513 bnh x 0,4kg/bnh = 20,1kg.
Trong : 2%: nh mc thit b lu cha h hng pht sinh ti Nh my,
2513: l s lng thit b lu cha ha cht,
0,4kg/bnh: l trng lng trung bnh ca 1 thit b lu cha,
Qu trnh hot ng ca Nh my cn pht sinh nc thi sn xut, thnh
phn nc thi sn xut c cha cc thnh phn nguy hi v c d bo mc
b.2. Nc thi sn xut.
- Tc ng:
Cht thi rn cng nghip, bn cn ca h thng x l kh thi, ca h
thng x l nc thi cng ngh c cha nhiu cc kim loi nng v axt. Cc
cht thi ny nu thi vo t khng nhng s gy tch t trong cy trng v
ng vt m cn c kh nng ngm xung ngun nc ngm hoc trn ra nc
b mt gy nhim cc ngun nc ny.
Tt c cc cht thi c cha ch nh sn phm h hng, bao b cha bt ch
u phi c thu gom v x l theo ng quy nh, nu khng s rt nguy him
n mi trng v sc khe cng nhn.

| 69
b.4. Tc ng n giao thng vn ti

Qu trnh gia tng phng tin vn ti lu thng trn tuyn ng s gy
mt s tc ng:
+ Xung cp ng giao thng.
+ Gy bi trn ng nh hng n lu thng ca phng tin khc.
- nh gi tn sut hot ng ca n v khi tham gia tuyn ng giao
thng chung:
Hin ti, mt lu thng trong khu KCN Khnh Ph cha cao. Trong
tng lai, vi cng pht trin nhanh trong khu vc s gp phn lm tng
hn na mt xe trn cc tuyn ng ny, c bit l mt xe ti vn
chuyn nguyn vt liu v sn phm ca khu cng nghip, xe a n cng
nhn.... Mt giao thng trong khu vc tng ln s gy nh hng n nhu cu
i li ca nhn dn.
b.5.Tc ng n cc vn x hi
S hnh thnh v hot ng ca Nh my c tc ng n s pht trin kinh
t x hi ca a phng nh sau:
+ ng gp vo tng ngn sch nh nc
+ To cng n vic lm cho cng nhn. Gii quyt c nn tht nghip v
cc t nn ny sinh.
+ To ra ngun hng ha a dng v phong ph cho th trng. p ng
nhu cu tiu dng ca nhn dn.
- Tc ng tiu cc:
Khi c mt lng ln cng nhn di chuyn n, c th du nhp np sng
vn ho mi hoc tch cc hoc tiu cc, cng lm nh hng ti bn sc vn ha ca
a phng v c th pht sinh cc t nn x hi tiu cc khc nh: c bc, trm cp,
mi dm, ma ty.... Mt khc nu v sinh, n , sinh hot ca cng nhn khng thc
hin ng quy nh s nh hng ti mi trng xung quanh.

| 70
nh gi chung:
- Mi trng khng kh: Nng pht thi ca Nh my nh tnh ton
d bo khng gy nh hng ti dn c, do khu vc dn c nm cch xa Nh
my, KCN, mc lan truyn nh hng nh.
- Mi trng nc: Nc thi sn xut v nc thi sinh hot c x l
s m bo s c quy chun cho php trc khi x vo ni tip nhn (QCVN
24:2009/BTNMT, ct B v QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT, ct B).
- D n s thc y s pht trin ngnh cng nghip ca a phng cng
nh gp phn thc y s tng trng kinh t ca tnh.
c. D bo ri ro, s c mi trng
Ha hon
Cc thit lu cha nguyn nhin liu, khu tp kt cc thit b lu cha
phc v cho hot ng sn xut l cc ngun gy chy n. Khi s c xy ra c
th gy thit hi nghim trng v ngi, kinh t v mi trng.
H thng cp in cho cc my mc, thit b sn xut c th gy ra s c
git, chp, chy n gy thit hi v kinh t hay tai nn lao ng cho cng nhn.
S c r r axit t khu pha ch axit
Khu pha ch axit c din tch 468m 2 c dng pha long axit Sulfuric
m c thnh axit c t trng d = 1,38kg/l. Trong trng hp ngi lao ng
thc hin thao tc sai hoc s c h hng t thit b lu tr, vn chuyn axit
m c c th b r r ra mi trng, gy tc ng ti ngi lao ng v mi
trng khu vc sn xut.
S c r r kh gas
Nh my s dng bn cha gas vi kch thc 19x13 (247m 2). Bn cha
c thit k bng thp chu lc, c kh nng chng chy n v r r. Tuy nhin,
trong trng hp xy ra thin tai nh l lt hoc trong iu kin thi tit khc
nghit (nng nng, hn hn ko di), hoc do s sut ca ngi lao ng kh
gas c th r r ra ngoi, bt chy, gy thit hi ln cho Nh my.
Tai nn lao ng
| 71
Trong qu trnh khai thc c th xy ra tai nn lao ng khi s dng my

mc thit b khai thc, vn chuyn khng tun th quy trnh an ton lao ng.
S c hot ng ca cc h thng x l kh thi, nc thi
- Cc h thng x l kh thi, nc thi hot ng khng hiu qu (hiu
qu x l khng t tiu chun cho php)
- Hin tng h hng cc thit b.
Khi cc s c ny xy ra, nu khng c phng n khc phc s c kp
thi th s gy tc ng tiu cc ti mi trng.
S c do nh hng ca thin tai
iu kin thi tit bt thng nh: l lt, ma bol nhng nguyn
nhn gy nh hng n qu trnh sn xut ca Nh my. Cc tc ng ca thin
tai c th gy ngp ng h tng Nh my cng nh KCN, gy gy cc thit b
c chiu cao ln ti Nh my nh ct in, cy xanhDo , ch u t cn
quan tm ti cc vn v ng ph cc ng xu ca thi tit.
3.2. Nhn xt v mc chi tit, tin cy ca cc nh gi
3.2.1. Mc tin cy ca cc nh gi
Cc phng php tnh ton ngun gy nhim cng nh nh gi cc tc
ng ti mi trng t cc ngun gy nhim c s dng trong Bo co l
cc phng php v ang c cc t chc trong nc cng nh nc ngoi.
S dng nh phng php d bo nng bi khi thi cng, phng php d
bo lng kh pht thi do cc phng tin thi cng c tnh ton da theo
hng dn ca Cc Mi trng M, ca WHO nh gi nn chng c mc
tin cy cao.
Tuy nhin, vn cn hn ch trong phng php tnh ton nng bi, kh
thi ti cc ngun pht sinh trong qu trnh hot ng cha m bo tnh chnh
xc cao.
Cc phng php iu tra, kho st trc tip phng vn v thu thp cc s
liu ti khu vc d n c tin cy cao.
Cc kt qu phn tch mu nc, mu kh do cc c quan chuyn mn c
chc nng phn tch mu, c cc c quan chc nng kim nh nn c mc
tin cy v chnh xc cao.
| 72
Cc s liu thu thp c ti khu vc v iu kin kh hu, kh tng thu

vn, c im kinh t x hi l cc s liu mi nht c cng b nm 2007,
2008 v nm 2009 u c tin cy cao.
3.2.2. Mc chi tit ca cc nh gi
Cc nh gi v cc tc ng mi trng do vic trin khai thc hin ca
d n c thc hin mt cch tng i chi tit. Bo co nu c cc tc
ng n mi trng trong tng giai on hot ng ca d n, cng nh cc
ngun nhim chnh trong tng giai on hot ng ca d n:
- nh gi tng loi hnh ngun nhim khc nhau: ngun nhim c
lin quan n cht thi, ngun nhim khng c cht thi v cc ri ro, s c
mi trng c th xy ra ca d n u c nh gi y v chi tit.
- nh gi chi tit tng loi hnh cht thi nhim ca d n chi tit theo
nh Thng t 05/2008/BTNMT hng dn nh gi tc ng mi trng gm:
ngun gc nhim, i tng tc ng ca cht nhim, ti lng v phm vi
tc ng ca chng.
Tm li: Qu trnh trin khai thc hin d n c pht sinh yu t tc ng
tiu cc n mi trng, kinh t- x hi v i sng dn c xung quanh. Tuy
nhin cc tc ng s c ch u t a ra cc bin php gim thiu, nhm
gim thiu n mc thp nht nhng tc ng do d n gy ra.

| 73
Chng 4
BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU, PHNG NGA
V NG PH S C MI TRNG
4.1. i vi tc ng xu
4.1.1. Bin php gim thiu tc ng xu trong giai on xy dng
a. Gim thiu nhim bi
a.1. Bin php
- S dng cc my thi cng cn mi, cn nin hn s dng.
- Khi vn chuyn nguyn vt liu phi s dng bt che.
- Khng ch qu ti lm nh hng n phng tin v cht lng ng
giao thng.
- Ti nc dp bi trong khu vc trn tuyn ng vn chuyn.
- Thnh lp i v sinh thu dn nguyn vt liu ri vi trong khu vc
thi cng.
- Kim tra bo dng nh k cc phng tin v my mc thi cng.
a.2. nh gi chung cc bin php p dng
+ u im: n gin, d thc hin.
+ Nhc im: mt s bin php ph thuc vo thc ca ch phng tin
+ Mc kh thi: Cc bin php d p dng, hiu qu x l cao.
b. Gim thiu nhim kh thi
b.1. Bin php
- S dng cc thit b thi cng, xe vn ti cn nin hn s dng. Cc thit
b thi cng v vn ti phi c giy chng nhn iu kin v an ton k thut
mi trng do Cc ng kim Vit Nam cp
- iu phi xe ti v cc my mc thi cng khng hot ng tp trung,
hn ch thi ra mi trng lng kh thi qu ln trong cng mt thi im v
cng 1 v tr. Tuy nhin, mt cc phng tin thi cng ph thuc vo b tr
cng trnh xy dng.

| 74
b.2. nh gi chung cc bin php p dng

+ u im: S dng xe cn nin hn s dng s gim thiu c lng
kh thi pht sinh rt nhiu.
Vic iu phi mt cc phng tin my mc, vn ti s gim ti lng
kh thi pht sinh cng mt thi im, ng thi gim ti lng kh thi ti 1
khu vc.
+ Nhc im: Cc bin php trn ch c th gim thiu c tc ng, nhng
khng lm gim tng ti lng kh thi pht sinh i vi ton b giai on.
+ Tnh kh thi: Ch u t ch ng p dng.
c. Gim thiu nhim ting n, rung
c.1. Bin php
- B tr lch hot ng ca cc phng tin thi cng hp l. Hn ch ti a
s hot ng cng lc ca cc thit b, my mc, phng tin c pht sinh ting
n cao vo cng 1 thi im.
- B tr lao ng thch hp, hn ch ti a s lng cng nhn c mt ti
khu vc pht sinh ting n cao.
- Thng xuyn bo dng, bo tr, tra du bi trn hoc thay th cc chi
tit h hng ca cc trang thit b thi cng.
- Lp t m cao su v l xo chng rung i vi cc thit b c cng sut ln.
c.2. nh gi chung cc bin php p dng
- u im: Bin php trn d thc hin. Cc bin php ny gim thiu c
mt phn tc ng do ting n.
- Nhc im: Do c th ca cc hot ng xy dng, ting n, rung
pht sinh l khng th trnh khi. Do , ch c th gim thiu ch khng th
khng ch trit c ting n pht sinh.
- Tnh kh thi: Ch u t ch ng p dng.
d. Gim thiu nhim ngun nc
d.1. Gim thiu nhim do nc ma
Bin php
| 75
- Khi tin hnh thi cng cc hng mc cng trnh phc v d n, ng

thi tin hnh song song thi cng h thng thot nc.
- B tr h ga c chc nng lng lc t, ct trc khi thot ra ngoi vo
h thng cng thot chung ca khu cng nghip.
o Kch thc cng thot nc:
+ Chiu rng: trn mt 0,5 m
+ y: 0,3 m
+ Chiu su: 0,3 m.
- No vt nh k h ga thu nc, cng thot nc. Lng cht thi pht
sinh t qu trnh no vt ch yu l cn rn l lng s c thu gom vn chuyn
v khu vc bi tp kt rc thi ca khu cng nghip.
nh gi chung cc bin php p dng
- u im: Gim thiu c hm lng nhim do nc ma chy trn
ko theo cc cht cn rn ra mi trng tip nhn. Trnh vic ra tri b mt ca
nc ma chy trn.
Bin php lng c hc trong h ga thu v m bo loi b c 80 - 90%
cc loi cn rn.
- Tnh kh thi: Ch u t ch ng p dng.
d.2. Gim thiu nhim do nc thi sinh hot
Bin php:
- Lp t 01 nh v sinh di ng. V tr lp t c b tr ph hp vi
quy hoch ca khu vn phng hoc khu nh bp (trong bn v tng mt bng)
- Ch u t hp ng vi n v dch v mi trng a phng ht
v x l bn thi.
nh gi chung bin php p dng
- u im: phng php p dng n gin, d lp t, chi ph thp.
d.3. Gim thiu nhim do nc thi nhim du
Bin php

| 76
- Lp t h thng rnh thu gom ti khu vc pht sinh du thi, tp trung ti

h ga thu kch thc 60 x 60 x 40 cm. Lng du thi ny c thu gom bng
cc thit b chuyn dng nh thng phuy, can nha v thu n v c chc nng
vn chuyn, x l CTNH x l.
- u im: d thc hin, chi ph thp
- Nhc im: khng khng ch c ngun thi pht sinh.
e. Gim thiu nhim do cht thi rn
e.1. Gim thiu nhim do cht thi rn
Bin php
Cht thi thng thng
- Lu cha trong thit b thu gom: thng contern.
- Lu gi ti bi thi tm.
Cht thi nguy hi
- Phn loi cht thi theo ng quy nh v qun l CTNH.
- Lu gi bng cc thit b m bo quy nh nh thng phuy 200l, can
nha 20l, bao b PE 2 lp.
CTNH c lu gi ti khu vc lu gi CTNH tm thi c din tch
khong 12m2, nm trong khu vc nh kho d kin ca Nh my.
- Ch u t k hp ng vi n v c chc nng hnh ngh vn chuyn
x l CTNH theo Thng t 12/2006/TT-BTNMT trn a bn hoc a phng
gn nht.
nh gi chung cc bin php p dng
- u im: Cc bin php ra m bo qun l c cht thi ti ngun,
tch ring cc loi cht thi qun l. Phng php d p dng.
- Tnh kh thi:
Ch u t c th chun b dng c v trang thit b thu gom v mt
bng lu gi cht thi nguy hi pht sinh trong khi ch hp ng vi n v
c chc nng x l.
| 77
i vi cht thi thng thng: chun b bi thi cha, din tch mt

bng khng ln, c chun b song song trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng.
e.2.Gim thiu nhim do cht thi sinh hot
Bin php
- Lu gi rc trong cc thng cha c
np y, s dng 1 thng cha loi 240 lt.
- Hp ng vi Cng ty v sinh mi
trng a phng thu gom.
nh gi bin php p dng
Bin php d p dng v c th kim sot
c lng cht thi rn sinh hot pht sinh. Tuy
nhin, cn phi c s t gic v thc ca cn b
Hnh 4.1. Thng cha rc thi
cng nhn vin.

f. Gim thiu tc ng do tp trung cng nhn lao ng
f.1. Bin php
- Ch u t gi vn bn thng bo ti chnh quyn x Khnh Ph v vic
trin khai d n.
- Ch u t thc hin khai bo tm tr, tm vng cho cng nhn thi cng,
phc v d n.
- Trc khi tin hnh thi cng, ch u t tp trung cng nhn thi cng v
ph bin cc kin thc v an ton lao ng, v sinh mi trng, vn ha, phong
tc, tp qun a phng v cch ng x vi c dn bn a.
f.2. nh gi chung bin php p dng
- u im: n gin, d thc hin.
- Nhc im: Bin php ph bin tuyn truyn cch ng x cng ng
ph thuc vo thc ca tng cng nhn thi cng.
- Tnh kh thi: ch u t c th ch ng thc hin ti nhiu thi im v
giai on khc nhau.

| 78
4.1.2. Bin php gim thiu tc ng xu trong gii on hot ng

a. Gim thiu nhim bi ti tuyn ng ra vo Nh my
Bin php
- Quy nh xe vn chuyn phi che y kn thng xe.
- Quy nh xe vn chuyn phi thc hin ng ti trng ca xe.
- Thc hin phun nc, gim thiu bi ti khu vc gn cng ra vo.
S dng 1 t c bn phun nc (xe tc) phun nc vo tuyn ng vn
chuyn. Tiu chun ti l 1,2 lt/m2 (TCXD 33:2006).
Thi gian d kin phun nc ng vn chuyn nh sau:
o Ma nng: 4 ln/ngy (8h, 10h, 13h, 15h)
o Ma ma: 2 ln/ngy (phun vo nhng ngy khng c ma).
- u im: d p dng. Khi p dng cc bin php ny, nng bi pht
sinh v pht tn ra mi trng gim ng k.
- Tnh kh thi: cao. Ch u t c th ch ng p dng.
b. Gim thiu nhim bi ti khun vin khu vc Nh my
Bin php
- Tng cng cng tc v sinh cng nghip.
- T chc, b tr b phn, i ng thu dn v sinh khu vc.
- Quy hoch cc a im tp kt hp l.
- Cc nh kho cha c thit k kn, c mi che.
- u im: d p dng. Hn ch bi pht tn ra mi trng.
- Tnh kh thi: cao. Ch u t ch ng thc hin.
b. Gim thiu nhim kh thi t phng tin vn ti, my mc sn xut
Bin php
- S dng cc thit b vn ti, phng tin my mc sn xut cn nin
hn, m bo tiu chun.
| 79
- Thng xuyn bo dng, bo tr cc thit b, my mc phc v cho

hot ng sn xut.
- u im: gim thiu c lng kh thi c hi pht sinh.
- Nhc im: cc bin php trn ch gim thiu tc ng, nhng khng
lm gim tng ti lng kh thi pht sinh i vi ton b d n.
- Tnh kh thi: ch u t u c th ch ng p dng.
c. Bin php khng ch xut gim thiu nhim hi, kh v bi trong qu
trinh to bt chi
khng ch nhim do hi kh c hi (hi ch) v bi (ch) pht sinh
t qu trnh sn xut bt ch, d n s u t trang b cm thit b x l bao
gm: Ming thu hi kh v bi h thng ng dn kh nhim Cyclon thu bi
thp hp th hi kh ng thot kh sau x l.
C ch hot ng ca cm thit b nh sau: lung kh mang hi kh c
hi v bi pht sinh t khu nghin, trn bt ch nh p sut m trong ton b
cm thit b c to bi qut ht s i vo Cyclon thu bi. Khi khng kh i
vo Cyclon, s i theo ng hnh xon bao quanh 1/2 chu vi ca Cyclon to cho
lung khng kh thi vo s chuyn ng cong theo thnh Cyclon vi tc ln
(t 12 20 m/s). Lc ly tm tc dng ln cc ht bi, p chng vo thnh
Cyclon. Cc ht bi chm nhau, nng hn khng kh nhiu ln nn ri xung b
phn hng bi v c s dng li hon ton. Khng kh sch bi s c thot
ra khi Cyclon theo mt ng t trung tm ca Cyclon (ming ng nm tm
chiu cao thng hay trn tm ca chiu cao thng mt on nh). Hiu qu x l ca
Cyclon t t 80 90% v thu c cc ht bi c ng knh t 10 100 m.
Sau khi ra khi Cyclon khng kh lc ny sch bi s c qut
ht y vo thp hp th. Khi i vo thp hp th, kh thi s chuyn ng theo
chiu t di ln, i qua lp vt liu m (cc tm PVC). Dng phn phi dung
dch hp th dung dch Ca(OH)2 ) c b tr pha bn trn thp s phun dung

| 80
dch t trn xung, ri vo lp vt liu m v ti y s xy ra hin tng tip

xc gia hai pha kh lng.
Dung dch hp th s c s dng tun hon. Khi hao ht s c chm
thm vi mt khi lng tng ng vi khi lng b hao ht. Lng cn t
thp hp th nh k s c ly ra v em x l chung vi cht thi rn (bin
php x l s c nu chi tit phn x l cht thi rn.
Sau khi c hp th, kh tip tc i qua b phn kh mi (hi nc)
tch m v thot qua ng thi ra ngoi mi trng. Hiu qu x l hi kh ca
thp hp th t t 95 98%.
Mi tng
phn xng
ng thot kh
sau x l
Ca trong sut
quan st
ng ng
nc hp
th
ng ng dn kh
cha bi v hi ch
Ch nu
Bm
chy
Thit b nghin,
trn nguyn liu
Cyclon thu bi
Qut ht
Ngn cha bi thu
Thp hp th
hi (c ti s dng
hon ton)
Hnh 4.2. S cng ngh x l kh, hi ch trong qu trnh to bt ch
d. Bin php xut gim thiu nhim hi chi, hi axt v m axit t qu

trinh nu chy chi v qu trinh nh hinh, lu ha, ha thnh l cc
S khi cng ngh x l :
Tng
xng
nh
Thp hp th t bn
ngoi tng nh
xng
ng ng
dn

L nu ch thi
Qut ht
| 81
Hnh 4.3. S khi cng ngh x l hi ch t qu trnh nu ch c bn cc
Cc thp hp th trn c thit k chi tit tng t nh thp hp th trong

cng ngh x l hi ch t qu trnh sn xut bt ch
M t cng ngh x l :
Cng ngh x l hi ch t qu trnh nu ch c bn cc: Ti l nu ch,
ch tr nhng lc np ch thi vo, np l s c y kn. Trn np l trch ra
mt l thot kh, l thot kh c ni lin vi ng ng dn kh v thp hp
th. Khng kh cha hi ch pht sinh t l nu ch thot qua l thot kh, theo
ng ng dn v thp hp th, c x l hi ch v c thi ra mi trng
ngoi qua ng thi.
Cng ngh x l hi axt t qu trnh sc bn cc: Khc vi tnh trng
khng kh cha hi ch thot ra t l nu ch l ngun pht sinh nhim c
tnh tp trung (do ch cn 1 chp ht v 1 ng ng dn kh) khng kh
nhim hi axt ti phn xng sc bn cc l ngun nhim c tnh phn tn
trong khng gian rng ca phn xng sc bn cc, do thu c lng
khng kh cha hi axt, ch d n s b tr h thng ht gi ngay trn pha trn
cc thng sc bn cc. Vi h thng ht gi s m bo thu gom gn nh ton
b lng khng kh nhim hi axt v a chng v thp hp th trc khi thi
chng ra ngoi mi trng.
Tng nh xng
ng ng dn
Thp hp th t bn
ngoi tng nh xng
Chp ht

| 82

Hnh 4.4. S khi cng ngh x l hi v m axt
e. Bin php xut gim thiu nhim bi t qu trinh sn xut

Bin php :
khng ch cc ngun bi nhim trn, ch d n s u t lp t v
a vo s dng 1 cm thit b (bao gm h thng chp ht ngay ti cc bn
thao tc ca cng nhn, h thng ng ng dn kh, Cyclon thu bi bc 1 v
thit b lc bi ti vi x l bc 2) ti phn xng sn xut.
C ch hot ng ca cm thit b ny nh sau (cm thit b ti phn
xng lp rp, ct, sn xut c-quy): Lung kh mang bi pht sinh t khu gia
cng nh p sut m trong ton b cm thit b c to bi qut ht s qua
cc chp ht c b tr ngay ti bn thao tc i vo Cyclon thu bi. Cyclon
trong cm thit b ny l giai on x l bc 1 (Cyclon thu c cc ht bi c
ng knh t 10 50 m). Sau khi c x l bng Cyclon khng kh lc
ny c loi b t 80 90% lng bi s tip tc c ht vo thit b lc
bi ti vi.
Khi i vo thit b lc bi ti vi, khng kh mang bi cn st li s c
ht theo chiu t di ln, xuyn qua thnh ti vi v tp trung thot ra khi
thit b t pha trn. Khng kh sch sau khi ra khi thit b lc bi ti vi s
theo ng ng dn v i ra mi trng ngoi di tc dng ca qut ht (qut
ht y cng chnh l tc nhn to lc ht trong ton b cm thit b).
Lng bi thu hi t cm thit b s c ly ra v em x l chung vi
cht thi rn (bin php x l s c nu chi tit phn X l cht thi rn
ca bo co ny).
Tng t, cm thit b lp t ti phn xng sn xut khun cng c c
ch hot ng nh trn.
nh gi chung bin php:
- u im : Hiu qu x l bi ca cm thit b t t 95 98%.

| 83
- Nhc im : Chi ph cao, ph thuc vo quy trnh v sinh, gi bi, bo

dng cc chi tit thit b.
Mi v tng
phn xng
ng thot kh
sau x l
Cyclon
Ti vi
ng ng
dn kh
Chp ht c
b tr ngay bn
thao tc
ng mm
Bn thao tc
ca cng nhn
Ngn cha bi thu hi
Qut ht
Hnh 4.5. S khi cng ngh x l bi t qu trnh sn xut
f. Bin php xut gim thiu nhim hi kh hn

Theo s cng ngh, hi kh hn ch c th pht sinh t cng on hn np,
gim thiu, ch u t cho lp t cc thit b thu kh v bi ri a vo h
thng x l bi.
Sau khi x l nng cc kh thi trong sn xut c hiu qu gim r rt.
g. Bin php xut gim thiu nhim mi t h thng x l nc thi
- trnh hin tng khng kh bc hi mi kh chu ra mi trng khng
kh th h thng b phi c np y kn. H thng cng thu gom c b tr v tr
hp l cui hng gi (pha cui Nh my) trnh bc mi kh chu cho khu
vc xung quanh.
- Gim thiu nhim mi trng khng kh cn phi m bo cp khng
kh u v duy tr ch nhit phn hy. Duy tr tt hot ng ca h thng
cung cp khng kh. m bo h thng khng ch nhit t ng tt.

| 84
- C hai loi mi pht sinh trong qu trnh x l nc thi. Loi mi chnh

pht sinh khu vc x l s b, loi mi cn li pht sinh khi x k nc thi
bng phng php vi sinh. Tuy nhin, do mi pht sinh trong qu trnh x l s
b v x l nc thi bng phng php vi sinh khng c hi cho con ngi v
khu vc xung quanh cch xa khu dn c nn h thng kh mi c bit l khng
cn thit. Do vy h thng kh mi ch cn lp t ti khu vc x l s b.
+ H thng kh mi: Kh thot ra t im gy mi hi thi ch yu l t
b aeroten, ti b c thit k np y c h thng kh mi cacbon hot tnh
t trn np khi b aeroten. Cc l rng trong ht Cacbon hot tnh c kh nng
hp ph tt, t hiu sut cao trong vic loi b Sunfua hydro, amoniac v cc
mi kh chu khc. Ti cc khu vc thit b pht sinh mi (V tr x l ym kh)
lp t cc thit b thu, ht kh a v h thng kh mi.
Ngoi ra, Ch u t cng s kt hp cc bin php sau gim thiu
ngun gy nhim mi trng khng kh.
+ Trng cy xanh xung quanh khu vc trm x l. Cy c trng kn c
cc tng l v chiu cao tn t mt t n cao ti thiu 5m. T l trng cy
xanh khu vc trm x l nc thi chim khong 6% tng din tch t.
h. Bin php gim thiu nhim do hot ng ca my pht in
V hot ng ca my pht in khng thng xuyn, do lu lng
kh thi pht sinh khng nhiu v gin on. Tuy nhin hot ng ca my
pht in khng gy ra cc tc ng n cht lng mi trng khng kh xung
quanh, ch u t s b tr chp ht, ng ng dn v qut ht ti v tr t
my pht in d phng, a kh thi n thp hp th x l phn kh gy c
hi v thot ra ngoi mi trng khng kh bn ngoi qua ng khi.
Chiu cao ng khi nh sau:
- Cmax: nng SO2 cho php trong khng kh xung quanh.
- Vi khu cng nghip: Cmax = 0,5 mg/m3 do lu lng thi khng lin tc.
- M: ti lng nhim c tnh khong: M = 0,25 g/s
- V: Lu lng kh thi, V = 0,5 m3/s.
| 85
- F: h s v th nguyn tnh n vn tc lng cht nhim trong kh

quyn. i vi cht nhim th kh F = 1.
- T: hiu nhit kh thi Tk = 60oC v kh quyn Tkk = 35oC T =
25oC.
- m,n = 1: cc h s v th nguyn tnh n iu kin thot kh thi t c
ng khi.
- A: h s ph thuc s phn b nhit theo chiu cao kh quyn, c chn
cho iu kin kh tng nguy him. Trong tnh ton chn A = 200.
- Chiu cao ng khi: H
A.M.F.m.n
C max 3 VT
200 x 0,25 x 1 x 1 x 1
0,53 0,5.25
15,2 m
Cch b tr ng khi:
Ch u t nn b tr ng khi v tr thch hp, nhng khu vc k thut
ring, cch xa khu vc bp n, phn xng sn xut, ming ng khi phi cui
hng gi ch o ca khu vc, sao cho ming ng khng nhm vo cc khu
vc nu trn.
Bin php kim tra, qun l i vi bin php gim thiu kh thi:
+ m bo cc thit b kim sot nhim, bao gm ti lc kh, b ra kh v
cc thit b khc c lp t v hot ng.
+ Thc hin kim tra hot ng ca thit b khng ch nhim trong qu
trnh sn xut m bo thit b hot ng theo d tnh v cc thit b nng
lc gim thiu kh thi.
+ m bo chiu cao ng khi ti thiu 30m, c ni chp ht vi cc
ngun thi khc nhau.
+ m bo rng thit b khng ch nhim hot ng trong sut qu trnh
sn xut ti cc khu vc Nh my.
h. Gim thiu nhim ting n, rung
h.1. Bin php
- Thit k cc b phn gim m ngay khi lp t cc my mc thit b:
| 86
+ Gn vo u ra ca my pht in thit b gim m hoc b tr trong

bung tiu m ht ting n ca dng kh i vi ng thi hoc qut gii nhit
ca my pht in.
+ Lp m chng n cho cc my c kh nng gy n.
+ Nu c th, cch ly hp l cc ngun gy n ra v tr ring bit (v d b
tr cch ly xa my pht in vi khu vc sn xut nhm trnh hin tng ting
n, rung tp trung trong mt khu vc hp).
+ c mng my khi lng (b tng mc cao), tng chiu su mng,
o rnh ct kh trnh rung theo mt nn.
+ Kim tra mn chi tit v thng k cho du bi trn hoc thay nhng
chi tit h hng.
+ B phn k thut ca Nh my thng xuyn kim tra tnh trng hot
ng ca cc trang thit b, kim tra mn chi tit. Thng xuyn bo dng,
bo tr, thay th cc chi tit h hng kp thi.
+ B tr thi gian lao ng thch hp, hn ch ti a s lng cng nhn c
mt ti ni c ting n cao.
+ B phn gim st ca Nh my s c k hoch kim tra v theo di cht
ch vic s dng cc phng tin bo h lao ng thng xuyn ca cng nhn,
trnh hin tng c phng tin bo h m khng s dng.
+ Ngoi ra, gim thiu ting n n khu vc xung quanh, Ch u t
b tr thi gian hot ng theo ng thi gian quy nh (khong 1, iu 68
ca Lut Lao ng).
- Cng nhn c trang b y cc phng tin trnh n (nh nt bt tai,
m, qun o bo h...).
h.2. nh gi chung bin php p dng
- u im: Cc bin php ny gim thiu c mt phn tc ng do ting n.
- Tnh kh thi: ch u t u ch ng p dng.
i. Gim thiu nhim ngun nc
i.1. Gim thiu nhim do nc ma
Bin php
| 87
- Xy dng h thng cng, rnh thot nc ma u ni vo h thng

cng thot nc mt ca KCN ( c cp t giai on xy dng).
- Lp t song chc rc ti cc h ga thu nc ma.
- No vt nh k h ga thu nc ma v cng thot nc. Tn sut thc
hin 6 thng/ln. Lng cht thi no vt ch yu l t, cn rn nn c vn
chuyn v khu tp kt rc thi ca KCN.
M t bin php x l
Song chn rc
Cng thot
nc
ma
H ga tp trung
B lng ct
H thng
thot nc
KCN
Hnh 4.6. Quy trnh thu gom nc ma
Ma ma thng ko di vo thng 5 n thng 12 trong nm. Lng

ma ln thng ko theo t , rc vo trong h thng thot nc ca Nh my
v nh hng chung ti h thng thot nc ca c KCN. Do nhu cu xy
dng h thng x l s b nc ma cng l nhu cu cn thit.
i vi nc ma c lu lng ln, d n s x l bng bin php sau:
Lc s b bng song chn rc v x l bng phng php lng c hc.
H thng thu gom s t ng thu gom nc ma t cc cng ri chy v
h ga tp trung, trc h ga c t song chn rc trnh hin tng rc bt
ng chy ca ng ng v h ga tp trung. Sau nc c bm qua b
lng ct ri chy ra h thng thot nc ma chung ca KCN.
Ti b lng: nh k no vt v thu gom theo ng quy nh.
i.2. nh gi chung bin php p dng
- u im: gim c tc ng nhim trc tip do nc ma chy trn.
Chi ph thp.
- Tnh kh thi: ch u t ch ng thc hin t giai on xy dng c bn.

| 88
j. Gim thiu nhim do nc thi sinh hot

j.1. Bin php
- Xy dng nh v sinh c b t hoi ti khu vn phng v khu nh n.
B t hoi c thit k v tnh ton cc thng s t giai on xy dng c
bn v c ti s dng ti giai on ny.
- Xy dng nh v sinh c 1 b t hoi c nh, ti khu vn phng ca
Cng ty TNHH Long Sn. V tr xy dng c b tr ph hp vi quy hoch
ca khu vn phng hoc khu nh bp (trong bn v tng mt bng) ti s
dng trong qu trnh d n i vo hot ng n nh.
B t hoi l cng trnh ng thi lm 2 chc nng: lng v phn hy cn
lng. Ti ngn phn ng, cc vi sinh vt dng k kh s phn hy cc cht hu
c c trong nc thi thnh cc cht v c dng n gin v cc kh (CO, CH 4,
H2S, NH3)
Bn k kh c lng v lu gi trong ngn phn ng, nc thi sau khi
c tch bn v kh c dn sang ngn lc. Ngn lc k kh c tc dng lm
sch b sung nc thi, nh cc VSV k kh gn bm trn b mt cc ht ca
lp vt liu lc, v ngn cn l lng tri ra theo nc nh vt liu lc.
Cn lng gi li trong b t 6-8 thng, di tc ng ca cc vi sinh vt
k kh, cc cht hu c b phn hy, mt phn to thnh cc cht k kh, mt
phn to thnh cc cht v c ha tan. S nguyn l ca b t hoi c th
hin nh sau:
Hnh 4.7. M hnh b t hoi 3 ngn
Dung tch b t hoi c tnh vi s lng cn b CNV l 219 ngi.

Nhu cu s dng nc trong giai on sn xut ly nh mc 100

| 89
l/ngi/ngym. Lng nc thi pht sinh chim khong 80% lng nc cp

u vo, th lu lng nc thi sinh hot pht sinh khong 17,52 m3/ngy m.
Theo TCXD 51:1984, vi lu lng nc thi >10m 3 th s dng b t
hoi 3 ngn x l. Th tch tnh ton chung ca b t hoi ly khng nh hn
lu lng nc thi ca 1-2 ngy (iu 7.3.2 TCXD 51:1984). Chn 2 ngy m
tnh ton tng ng vi thi gian phn hy cn, khi :
Th tch chung ca b t hoi (W)=17,52 x 2 = 35,04 m3 (lm trn 35 m3)
+ Th tch ngn 1 bng 0,5 th tch chung ca b, W1= 0,5 x 35 = 17 m3
+ Th tch ca ngn th 2, ngn th 3 bng 0,25 th tch chung ca b,
W2 =W3= 8,5 m3
Chiu su b t hoi ly bng 1,5 m. Khi tng din tch cc ngn ca
b t hoi S= W/H = 35/1,5 = 23,33 m2.
Chn kch thc H x B x L (chiu su x chiu rng x chiu di) ca cc
ngn nh sau:
+ Ngn th 1: 1,5 m x 1,5 m x 7,78 m
+ Ngn th 2: 1,5 m x 1,5 m x 3,89 m
+ Ngn th 3: 1,5 m x 1,5 m x 3,89 m
Ngoi ra nc thi sinh hot sau x l ti b t hoi cha m bo x l
trit theo tiu chun mi trng, do vy nc thi sinh hot pht sinh
khng gy tc ng n mi trng, ch u t tin hnh u ni vo h thng
x l nc thi tp trung ca Nh my.
- Ch u t hp ng vi n v dch v mi trng a phng ht
v x l bn thi nh k 6 thng/1 ln.
Quy trnh thu gom v x l nc thi sinh hot ti Nh my c m
t trong hnh 4.3.
Nc thi
sinh hot
B t hoi
3 ngn
H thng x l
nc thi tp
trung
Cng thot chung

ca KCN

n v t vn: Cng ty TNHH T vn v Chuyn giao Cng ngh Mi trng Thng
Cng Long
ty dch v
Cn bn
mi trng a phng
ht v x l
| 90
Hnh 4.8. Quy trnh thu gom v x l nc thi sinh hot ti Nh my
j.2. nh gi chung bin php p dng

- u im: bin php n gin, d xy dng v vn hnh. Gim thiu
c mc thp nht kh nng gy nhim mi trng ca khu vc do
nc thi sinh hot.
- Tnh kh thi: Ch u t ch ng thc hin xy dng .
k. Gim thiu nhim do nc thi cng nghip
k.1. Bin php:
Cng sut ca h thng x l nc thi tp trung c thit k bng lng
nc cung cp theo thuyt minh d n (Nc dng cho cng nghip:
300m3/ngy. Nc sinh hot 15m3/ngy. Nc ti cy l 1m3).
Nh vy cng sut d kin ca trm x l nc thi la chn l 320 m3/ngy.
S khi cng ngh x l ca Trm x l nc thi
Thng cha
vi ti
u vo
Thng cha
dung dch vi sa
B gom
nc thi
B iu
ha
B trung
ha
B lng
tip xc
Khu cha bn
thi
B sc
kh
CO2
X ra h thng
thu gom nc thi
tp trung ca
KCN Khnh Ph
Nc tch bn v b
gom nc thi
Thu n v x l CTNH
Hnh 4.9. S quy trnh ca Trm x l nc thi tp trung
| 91
k.2. Quy trnh ca Trm x l nc thi tp trung:

Nc thi sau khi x l s b chy t nhin vo b iu ha chung ca c 2
ngun thi tp trung (nc thi sinh hot, nc thi cng nghip).
- Nc thi ny c x l qua cc cng trnh sau: B tip nhn nc thi
(kt hp vi lng s b), b iu ha, b trung ha, lng tip xc, b sc kh CO2.
- Nc thi t phn xng sn xut sau khi qua b thu lng s sau a
qua b iu ha. y nc thi s tip xc vi dung dch nc vi, pH ca
nc thi s tng t 1,0 2,0 ln n 3,0 4,0 (bng dung dch vi sa). Nc
thi sau khi qua b iu ha c chuyn sang b trung ha. Mc ch ca vic
phn chia thnh hai cp trung ha nhm t ng ha qu trnh chm ha cht.
b b trung ha II, khi pH = 9,00 9,50, ion Pb 2+ phn ng vi OH- hnh thnh
hydroxit ch kt ta v lng b lng tip xc. Sau lng, trung ha nc thi
t kim sang trung tnh dng kh CO2 sc vo nc thi b sc kh cacbonic.
- Trong qu trnh x l lng cn to thnh sau khi lm ro nc khu vc
cha bn thi (khu vc c thit k m bo theo TT 12:2008/BTNTM), c
n v hnh ngh thu gom v x l CTNH em i x l.
- Nc thi sau x l t c tiu chun thi cho php ca nc thi
cng nghip th lng nc thi ny s tip tc c u ni vo h thng thot
nc thi v a v Trm x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Khnh Ph nhm
m bo nc thi sau khi x l x ra mi trng t QCVN 24:2009/BTNMT,
ct B.
- Khi trm x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Khnh Ph i vo hot
ng (d kin 12/2011), Nh my s m bo theo tiu chun nc thi u vo
trm x l nc thi ca KCN Khnh Ph (TCVN 5945:2005, ct C).
k.3. Cc c tnh v thng s:
Thng s ca Trm x l nc thi cng nghip tp trung c trnh by
trong bng 4.1.
Bng 4.1. Cc thng s thit k ca h thng x l nc thi

| 92

Tn cng trnh
B gom nc thi
Cha v bm nc thi
Vt liu: Btng ct thp
B iu ho
iu ho lu lng nc
thi
Vt liu: Btng ct thp
Thng s tnh ton
n v
Gi tr
dng
m3/h
m3
pht
m
31
8
15
1,5x1,5x4,0
dng
m3/h
m3
gi
m
31
186
6
5,0x9,0x4,5
Lu lng trung bnh Qtb

Th tch hu ch
Kch thc DxH
Thi gian lu nc
m3/h
m3
m
pht
26
4.3
1,5x2,5
10

Th tch hu ch
Thi gian lu nc
Kch thc xy dng DxH
m3/h
m3
gi
m
26
52
2
4,0x4,0

Th tch hu ch
Thi gian lu nc
Kch thc xy dng
LxBxH
m3/h
m3
pht
26
26
1
Lu lng Qmax
Th tch hu ch
Thi gian lu nc
Kch thc xy
LxBxH
Lu lng Qmax
Th tch hu ch
Thi gian lu nc
Kch thc xy
LxBxH
B trung ho
Vt liu: Thp ph epoxy
B lng tip xc
Vt liu: Btng ct thp
B sc kh cacbonic
Vt liu: Btng ct thp
Khu cha bn thi

Vt liu: xy gch ng
Kch thc xy dng LxB
Nh iu hnh v nh t thit b
Vt liu: Tng gch ng
Kch thc xy dng LxB
3,0x3,0x3,0
4,0x4,0
4,0x4,0
k.4. nh gi chung bin php

- u im : Hiu qu x l cao. t quy chun cho php QCVN
24:2009/BTNMT ct B.
- Tnh kh thi : Ch u t c th ch ng p dng.
H thng x l nc thi ca Nh my c thit k vi cng sut
320m3/ngy m bo tiu chun u ra v cht lng nc thi u vo trm x
l nc ca Khu cng nghip (theo Quy ch hot ng ca KCN Khnh Ph,
nc thi ti cc c s hot ng trong KCN phi x l s b t TCVN
5945 :2005, ct C trc khi x thi vo h thng thu gom nc thi tp trung
| 93
ca KCN). Nc thi sau khi c x l thi ra mi trng tip nhn t QCVN

24:2009/BTNMT, ct B.
Trong trng hp h thng x l nc thi ca Khu cng nghip gp s c
hoc hot ng khng hiu qu, Ban qun l Khu cng nghip c trch nhim
x l s c v thng bo ti Nh my c nhng phng n ti u trong qu
trnh x thi ti Nh my.
l. Gim thiu nhim do cht thi rn
l.1. Gim thiu nhim do cht thi rn sn xut
Bin php
Cht thi rn thng thng
- c thu gom v cc thng cha rc, (thng conterno c b tr ti
v tr thu gom rc thi ca Nh my)
- i vi cht thi khng nguy hi: nh cc vt liu ng gi, bao b thi
b, thng kim loic kh nng ti ch c th s c phn loi v bn li
cho cc c s thu mua ph liu ti ch. i vi cc loi cht thi rn cng
nghip khng ti ch c (nhng khng nguy hi theo quy nh) th s c
em i x l chung vi rc thi sinh hot.
- Ch u t thc hin gim st v ghi s liu lin tc khi lng v
loi ca cht thi rn khng nguy hi pht sinh.
* Rc thi pht sinh ti song chn rc: Hng ngy, cng nhn lm vic ti
nh my s tin hnh thu gom lng rc thi mc ti song mang tp trung ti xe
rc ca KCN cui ngy nhn vin ca Cng ty v sinh mi trng n thu
gom v vn chuyn ra khi KCN.
+ X l bn thi sinh hc: bn sinh hc c mi hi thi song khng c
hi. C th dng sn xut phn hu c bng cch cho thm vi bt kh
chua, than bn, cy vi sinh, dng ch phm EM kh mi s thnh phn hu
c tng hp.
Cht thi nguy hi

| 94
- Phn loi cht thi: bao gm sn phm h hng b loi b; bn cc vn

t qu trnh ct, gt tm li thnh cc bn cc l; bi kim loi thu hi t cc h
thng x l bi trong khng kh; cc gi lau nhim du m; bn cn t h thng
x l nc thi v kh thi cng ngh
- Lu cha vo cc thit b chuyn dng, m bo quy nh theo Thng
t 12/2006/BTNMT. Cc thit b c trang b nh: can nha 20 lt, thng
phuy 200 lt, bao PE 2 lp
- Cc thit b lu cha tm thi CTNH c dn nhn mc ng quy
nh (TCVN 6707:2009 - Cht thi nguy hi Du hiu cnh bo, phng nga).
- CTNH sau khi c cha trong cc thit b chuyn dng, c lu
tr tm thi ti kho cha CTNH c din tch 12 m 2 (kho c xy dng ti
khu vc bi thi rn). Kho cha c thit k t tiu chun, sn b tng, c
vch ngn chia . Kho cha c thit k g cao 10 cm v h ga thu c kch
thc 20x20x40 cm.
- Hp ng vi n v c chc nng v thu gom, vn chuyn v x l
CTNH trn a bn hoc a phng gn nht.
* Bn thi t khu x l nc thi c cha kim loi nng: c k hp
ng vi n v c chc nng hnh ngh vn chuyn v x l CTNH.
- Thc hin ng k s ch ngun thi cht thi nguy hi.
- Ch u t thc hin gim st khi lng v loi cc cht thi nguy
hi pht sinh.
- Duy tr trong vng 3 nm cc bn ghi v cc bn k khai v CTNH
thi b ngoi phm vi c s. Duy tr vnh vin cc bn ghi v CTNH thi b
ti c s.
l.2. nh gi chung bin php p dng
- u im: Cc bin php ra m bo qun l c cht thi ti
ngun. Phng php d p dng.
- Tnh kh thi: Ch u t c th chun b cc trang thit b, dung c
v mt bng lu cha tm thi lng cht thi pht sinh.

| 95
m. Gim thiu nhim do cht thi sinh hot

m.1. Bin php:
- Thc hin phn loi cht thi ti ngun.
- i vi cht thi rn c kh nng ti s dng nh giy vn phng, v
hps c tp trung trong cc gi nha hoc ti nha c bc kn. Cc thit
b thu gom c b tr ti cc ngun pht sinh (khu vn phng, nh n, nh v
sinh..). Rc thi ti s dng c th bn cho cc c s thu mua.
- i vi cht thi rn khng c kh nng ti s dng c tp trung trong
cc thng cha c np y (8 thng, loi 240 lt). Rc thi trong thng 240 lt
c n v dch v mi trng trong a bn thu gom.
m.2. nh gi chung bin php p dng:
- u im: Bin php d p dng, c th kim sot c lng cht thi
rn pht sinh.
- Nhc im: Phi c s t gic ca cn b cng nhn vin.
n. Gim thiu tc ng do tp trung cn b cng nhn vin
n.1. Bin php
- Ch u t thc hin khai bo, ng k tm tr vi chnh quyn a phng.
- Ch u t phi hp vi chnh quyn a phng, t chc tuyn
truyn, ph bin phong tc tp qun ca a phng.
n.2. nh gi chung
- u im: phng n d p dng, ch u t ch ng thc hin.
- Nhc im: ph thuc vo thc ca cn b cng nhn vin.
0. V sinh lao ng v an ton lao ng
0.1. Quy nh an ton s dng in
- Cc thit b in phi thc hin tip t nh: v my cc thit b sn xut
tip t cho cc thit b s dng cc hoc tr tip t to cc h tip
t cn thit vi in tr Rt <10.
- C cc cu dao an ton i vi cc thit b.
0.2. Quy nh an ton trong lao ng
| 96
- Ch u t thc hin ph bin ni quy lao ng ca cng ty ti cc cn

b, cng nhn vin
- T chc i gim st an ton lao ng trong Nh my.
0.3. Cc bin php an ton khc
- Ch u t thc hin nghim tc cc quy nh ti khon 1 iu 95 ca
B Lut Lao ng nh: trang b khu trang chng bi, m bo h lao ng cho
cng nhn trc tip sn xut, t chc khm sc khe nh k cho cng nhn
- Thng xuyn kim tra, n c v buc cng nhn phi tun th
nghim ngt cc bin php an ton lao ng.
- Bi dng thng xuyn kin thc v sinh v an ton lao ng cho
CBCNV.
- Tuyn truyn, gio dc cng nhn vin v ni quy an ton lao ng v
thc chp hnh cc quy nh ca php lut v bo v mi trng.
- C chng trnh kim tra v theo di sc khe nh k cho cng nhn.
- m bo cc yu t vi kh hu v iu kin lao ng t Tiu chun do
B Y t ban hnh.
- Khng ch cc ngun gy nhim t tiu chun quy nh trnh cc
bnh ngh nghip.
0.4. nh gi chung cc bin php p dng
- Cc phng n a ra u trong tm qun l ca Ch u t do vy c
th p dng d dng.
- Mc kh thi: c th thc hin c, c bit gio dc nng cao thc
chp hnh k lut lao ng v thc hin nghim tc cc bin php a ra.
p. Ci thin mi trng lm vic
Vn bo m mi trng lm vic tt cho cng nhn lm vic trong cc
phn xng l mt cng tc cng kh quan trng. D n s quan tm n vn
lm vic nhm m bo mi trng lao ng an ton v hp v sinh cho cng
nhn.

| 97
- D n s trang b y cc trang phc cn thit v an ton lao ng

hn ch ti mc thp nht cc tc hi i vi cng nhn. Cc trang phc ny bao
gm qun o v phng tin bo h lao ng (nn, khu trang, ng nha).
Ngoi ra, trong nhng trng hp cn thit s s dng thm qut thng gi
lm thong v mt cc b. Cc iu kin v nh sng v ting n s tun th
cht ch.
- Bn cnh , d n s m bo iu kin v sinh mi trng lao ng cho
ngi cng nhn. C th l cc h thng thng thong trong cc phn xng
hot ng thng xuyn m bo lng khng kh sch ti thiu cho cng nhn.
- H thng chiu sng s hot ng tt v m bo thi gian hot ng
t c cc tiu chun v chiu sng cho cng nhn lao ng trong phn xng.
Mt s bin php ch u t s p dng ci thin mi trng lm vic:
+ Thit k mi nh xng lp qut thng gi, to kh nng i lu tt, tng
cng kh nng thng thong t nhin.
+ Thit k chiu cao nh xng cao trn 6 m.
+ B tr ca thng thong gi xung quanh tng cc xng sn xut hoc
dng qut gi trc ng gia tng vn tc gi cc b trong phn xng, nht l
ti cng on sc bn cc.
+ B tr cc h thng qut ht ngay trn mi nh cc phn xng
+ Trng cy xanh xung quanh khun vin Nh my (m bo din tch cy
xanh chim ti thiu 15% so vi tng din tch mt bng).
Tm li, vic ci to mi trng lm vic l mt cng tc kh quan trng.
Tnh trng xu ca mi trng lm vic khng ch nh hng ti cng ngh sn
xut, cht lng sn phm khng t m cn nh hng ti cng lao ng
ca ngi cng nhn sn xut. iu kin lao ng nng, bi, hi kh c hi
khc nghit khng ch nh hng ti sc kho m cn nh hng ti nng sut
lao ng ca h.
q. Gim tip xc vi ch v tng cng tnh trng sc
khe, an ton cho cng nhn.
| 98
hn ch nh hng ca ch ti sc khe ti cng nhn lao ng ti

Nh my, Ch u t thc hin quy trnh nh sau:
q.1. Nhn bit cc cng nhn c kh nng tip xc vi ch.
- Lit k cc quy trnh v cc khu vc lm vic ni cng nhn c kh nng tip
xc vi ch.
- Lp danh mc cc thit b khng ch nhim c dng cc quy trnh v
khu vc lm vic.
q.2. nh gi mc tip xc ca cng nhn vi ch.
- Thc hin gim st khng kh c nhn i vi cc cng nhn v cc khu
vc lm vic c kh nng tip xc vi ch cao nht vi tn sut theo quy nh ti
khu vc lm vic v khu vc xung quanh.
q.3. Thc hin khng ch mc tip xc vi ch ca cng nhn xung mc cho php.
- Lp mi hoc sa i cc thit b khng ch k thut ti cc my mc,
quy trnh hay khu vc lm vic ni c kt qu gim st khng kh vt quy nh
cho php.
- Yu cu cng nhn eo mt mt phng c ti cc v tr m Nh my
khng duy trnh c lng ch trong khng kh theo quy nh.
q.4. Gim thiu kh nng nhim ch vo da, tc v qun o ca cng nhn.
- Cung cp b qun o bo h lin ton than hoc bo h thn tng t
bao gm: gng tay, m, giy, bo v mt cho cng nhn.
- Yu cu cng nhn ra tay vi x phng trc mi phin ngh gii lao
v tm vo cui ca lm vic
- Cm tiu th thc n v ung ni lm vic.
- Khng cho php cng nhn vo cc khu vc n m khng tho b qun
o bo h v ra tay vi x phng.
q.5. Thc hin gim st nng ch trong mu cng nhn
- Thu thp mu phn tch mu t tt c cng nhn:
+ Trc khi h bt u lm vic ti c s.
+ Sau khi h lm vic c t nht 3 thng (nhng trc 4 thng).
| 99
+ Sau na nm 1 ln nu nng khng qu 40 g/dl i vi nam gii

v 30 g/dl i vi n gii.
Cng nhn c nng ch trong mu vt qu cc mc trn s c b tr
tm thi lm cc cng vic ni lng ch trong khng kh qu 10 g/dl. Trong
thi gian ny, cng nhn c tr lng, c hng cc phc li v c s gi
lm vic bng vi cng vic trc .
q.6 Xy dng chng trnh theo di sc khe.
- Tuyn cng nhn vi cc iu kin sau:
+ Mt ln kim tra sc khe di s gim st ca mt bc s c giy php
trc khi cng nhn bt u lm vic.
+ Kim tra sc khe nh k, t nht 1 nm 1 ln.
- Kim tra sc khe min ph cho cng nhn trong vng 30 ngy k t khi
sa thi hoc thi vic.
q.7. Thc hin chng trnh hun luyn v vn an ton v bo h lao ng
- Yu cu cc cng nhn tham gia cc kha luyn.
- Ni dung kha hun luyn:
+ c tnh ca cc qu trnh sn xut gy ra s tip xc vi ch;
+ nh hng ch i vi sc khe
+ Quy trnh ly mu v c kt qu mu gim st khng kh c nhn;
+ Mc tiu v m t ca chng trnh theo di sc khe v chng trnh
gim st nng ch trong mu;
+ Cc thit b khng ch k thut v cac quy trnh vn hnh gim thiu
tip xc vi cht c hi;
+ Vic s dng, iu chnh v hn ch ca mt n phng c;
+ Cc thi quen v sinh c nhn tt v kh nng lan truyn cht c hi
cho gia nh.
- Tn sut thc hin: Thc hin chng trnh hun luyn trong vng 10
ngy k t ngy giao cng vic v thc hin chng trnh nh k t nht
1 nm 1 ln.
r. Bin php khc
| 100
i vi qu trnh lu tr v x l cht ha hc
- Kim k v gim st chng loi, s lng cc cht ha hc s dng, lu
tr ti Nh my.
- m bo tnh nguyn vn ca cc bn cha thng qua gim st thng xuyn.
- Cung cp hng dn cho tt c cc cng nhn v x l an ton cc ha
cht nguy hi s dng hoc lu tr ng quy cch.
Cung cp thng tin cho tt c n v xung quanh, cc c quan cu nn,
cc c s y t v chnh quyn a phng trong bn knh 10 km t c s v cc
quy trnh ng cu tai nn trng hp c s c trn hoc r r ha cht.
4.2. i vi s c mi trng
4.2.1. Phng chng chy n v r r kh gas
a. Bin php
phng chng kh nng chy n ti khu vc Nh my, Ch u t p
dng cc bin php sau:
- Tun th nghim ngt quy nh an ton lao ng v phng chy, cha
chy trong khu vc.
- Bn cha c thit k bng thp chu lc, ph lp composit lt bn
trong bn cha. Trong bn cha lp t thit b o p sut t ng, cnh bo
nguy c s c.
- Trang b y cc thit b cha chy (bao ct, bnh bt CO 2) ti khu vc
lm vic v c cng an PCCC tnh kim tra.
- B tr cc tr cu ho xung quanh nh my, khong cch gia cc tr
100m, lu lng mi tr l 10lt/s.
- Th tch b cha nc PCCC 200m3 p ng bm cha chy trong
3,7h hot ng lin tc.
- Bm PCCC c p lc l 0,8 MPa, lu lng mi bm l 15 lt/s, s lng
bm l 2 ci.
- H thng chng st phi ni vi hai h tip a ring bit, cy tip a di
2,4 m, u trn cy tip a cch mt t 1,2 m v c sn ph bo v.
| 101
- Xy dng quy nh PCCC CBCNV p dng.

- Kt cu xy dng c thit k trn c s TCVN 5575-91. Ton b kt
cu trong cc hng mc xy dng u bng nhng vt liu kh chy nh st,
thp, b tng, tn mu, composit.
- B tr hnh lang i li v ca ra vo trong khu nh hnh chnh, phn
xng sn xut p ng yu cu thot nn, ph hp vi tiu chun PCC.
- t cc bng ni quy PCCC v cc bin bo, hng dn v cng tc
PCCC ti khu nh hnh chnh, nh kho, nh sn xut ti cc v tr d nhn.
- Trong sn xut cng nh trong sa cha thit b, cng nhn phi tuyt i
tun theo cc quy nh v an ton chy do cng ty ra.
- Cc my mc thit b c sp xp b tr m bo khoa hc, hp l v to
khong cch an ton cho cng nhn khi c s c chy n xy ra.
- Trong cc khu sn xut lp t h thng bo chy, h thng tin bo ng.
- Cch ly cc cng on d chy ra khu vc ring. Cc cht d chy nh
cc loi ho cht, nhin liu s c cha trong cc kho cch ly ring bit, trnh
xa cc ngun c kh nng pht la.
- Ngoi ra Cng ty s thng xuyn t chc tp luyn, nng cao thc
phng chy, chng chy tt cho ton th CBCNV thng qua cc lp tp hun
PCCC.
b. nh gi chung bin php p dng
-u im: phng n n gin.
-Nhc im: l s c do c th xy ra bt c lc no. Ph thuc vo
thc ca tng c nhn, CBCNV.
4.2.2. S c r axit
a. Bin php
gim thiu ti a nguy c xy ra s c r axit, ch u t xy dng
v tr khu lu cha axit ti cui Nh my (th hin trong bn v tng th mt
bng).
Lp t bin bo nguy him, ni quy ra vo, ni quy an ton lao ng ti
ca vo khu pha ch axit.
| 102
Thng xuyn kim tra, nng cao trnh chuyn mn cng nhn lao ng
trong khu vc pha ch axit.
S dng 10 thng composite lu cha axit m c. Lng axit sau khi
c pha long theo t l c a vo sn xut bng cc can, thng composite
dung tch nh (10l/thng).
Thit k khu pha ch axit c dc mt bng hp l, m bo trong trng
hp xy ra s c, axit c thu gom nhanh gn ti cc rnh an ton bao quanh
khu pha ch (su 0,5m trng men). Lng axit r r thng qua h thng rnh thu
gom s c cha trong bn cha axit hng (cui rnh thu gom), trung ha ri
b.
nh k t chc lp tp hun cn b cng nhn vin ng ph s c (2
ln/nm).
Lp t cc thit b bo h lao ng i vi cc cng nhn thc hin cng
on pha ch axit (qun o, m, gang tay cao su).
b. nh gi chung
* u im: - Hn ch nguy c xy ra s c.
- Hn ch tc ng mi trng.
- Phng n n gin, d p dng.
* Nhc im: - Kinh ph u t thit b ln.
- Yu cu cao trong khu tuyn nhn vin k thut.
4.2.3. S c ca cc h thng x l kh thi, nc thi
a. Bin php
Ch d n s ch n vic qun l sn xut tt gim ti lng
nhim, v d nh trnh ti a hin tng r r nc thi, kim tra kn kht ca
cc ng ng dn (nhin liu, kh, nc), mi ni, kim tra lng nc s
dng trong sn xut, thu gom v tn tr cht thi rn.
- i vi s c ca h thng x l nc thi, kh thi : Nh my s dng
hot ng cc thit b . Phi hp vi cc chuyn gia, n v chuyn mn thc
hin kim tra, khc phc cc s c pht sinh.
Khuyn ngh: H thng x l nc thi nn u t 1 module d phng
| 103
b. nh gi chung
- u im: hn ch c tc ng xu ti mi trng.
- Nhc im: nh hng n tin sn xut ca Nh my.
- Tnh kh thi : Ch u t ch ng p dng.
4.2.4. S c do thin tai
Vn gi bo:
Cc gii php hn ch bao gm:
+ Cc cng trnh xy dng c thit k c nn mng v kt cu vng
chc, c th chng chu bo t cp 12-15.
+ Cng tc qui hoch trng cy xanh trong Nh my phi xem xt n cc
nh hng ca gi bo. Xem xt la chn ging cy xanh c r bm su trong
t, loi cy c r cc, thn cy vng chc c kh nng chng chu gi bo.
+ Trc khi vo ma ma bo hng nm, tin hnh cht ta bt cc cnh
cy kh, mc cng gp phn hn ch nh hng ca gi bo.

| 104
Chng 5
CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG
5.1. Chng trnh qun l mi trng
5.1.1. K hoch qun l mi trng cho d n
Theo Lut bo v mi trng ca Vit Nam trong cc giai on trc khi
xy dng, xy dng v vn hnh cc d n th Ch u t cng vi cc n v
trng thu xy dng v vn hnh phi thc hin K hoch qun l mi trng
(KHQLMT).
K hoch qun l mi trng l rt cn thit gim st cc ch tiu mi
trng c th d on c cc bin i mi trng v c cc bin php
trc khi nhng bin i mi trng xy ra.
Mc tiu ca KHQLMT cho cc d n l cung cp cc hng dn d n
c th c m bo v mt mi trng. KHQLMT bao gm chng trnh gim
thiu mi trng, chng trnh tun th gim thiu mi trng, cc yu cu bo
co, c cu t chc thc hin KHQLMT v k hoch ng cu khn cp cc s
c c th xy ra.
- Tun th theo php lut hin hnh v mi trng ca Vit Nam.
- S dng c cu t chc ph hp cho cng tc bo v mi trng trong cc
giai on thc hin d n m bo rng cc bin php gim thiu c thc
hin trong tt c cc giai on v gim st tnh hiu qu ca cc bin php gim
thiu xut trong bo co TM.
- Qun l v gim st cc phng n gim thiu xut trong bo co
TM i vi cc n v trng thu xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh ph tr
v qu trnh thc hin d n.
- Cung cp k hoch d phng cho cc phng n ng cu khn cp hoc
cc tai bin mi trng xy ra.
5.1.2. Thc hin qun l mi trng
Vic thc hin k hoch qun l mi trng phi tun th cc quy nh ca
Vit Nam.
| 105
Ch u t s thc hin chng trnh qun l mi trng v bo co cho c

quan qun l Nh nc.
Trong qu trnh thc hin d n, cng vi ch u t cn c cc n v trng
thu thi cng cc hng mc ca d n thc hin cc ni dung bo v mi trng.
Nh thu c trch nhim thc hin y v chnh xc cc bin php gim
thiu, cc iu khon v cam kt trong hp ng.
Chng trnh gim thiu nhim mi trung cho d n s c thc hin cho mi giai
on u t: t giai on chun b n giai on xy dng v vn hnh.
*). T chc thc hin:
+ Ban lnh o cng ty (Gim c): l ngi chu trch nhim cao nht v
cng tc chp hnh Lut bo v mi trng.
+ Gim st k thut (3 ngi)
Gm 1 ngi c chuyn mn v mi trng; 1 ngi c chuyn mn v
cng tc an ton v bo h lao ng v 1 k thut vin.
Trong qu trnh xy dng v vn hnh, chng trnh tun th cc bin
php gim thiu mi trng s c tin hnh bi Gim st k thut ca Cng ty
TNHH Long Sn.
Trong qu trnh thc hin chng trnh quan trc tun th cc bin php
gim thiu mi trng cn c thc hin t nht 3 thng/ln m bo hiu
qu ca cc bin php gim thiu.
+ Cn b t vn mi trng:
Do Cng ty TNHH Long Sn thu nhm gim st cht lng mi trng nh
k theo quy nh.
*). Bo co v k hoch qun l mi trng
Ni dung bo co bao gm:
- nh gi s thnh cng ca cc hot ng bo v mi trng ti cc khu
vc thc hin d n so snh vi cc d on a ra.
- nh gi r rng xem khung KHQLMT c y khng. Nu c kt lun
khung KHQLMT khng y , trnh by r l do v a ra kin ngh cho vic
hon thin khung KHQLMT. R sot li cc s liu v thng tin thu thp c,
phn tch s liu, bo co v d tho ngn sch.

| 106
Bng 5.1. Tng hp chng trnh qun l mi trng

TT
Cc hot ng ca d n
Giai on xy dng
II
1
- Xy dng c s h tng
Cc tc ng mi trng
- Pht tn bi v kh thi gy
nhim mi trng khng kh khu
vc.
- Ting n gy nh hng ti mi
trng khu vc v cng nhn.
- Gy nhim cc thy vc trong
khu vc.
- Cht thi ca cng nhn tham
gia thi cng trn cng trng.
Bin php gim thiu
n v
thc hin
Che chn bi, ting n xe c my

mc to nn.
- p dng cc bin php gim thiu
n v
nhim mi trng khng kh.
Thc hin
trng
- Xy dng h thng rnh thot nc
trong giai
gim thiu nhim ngun nc.
on xy thu thc
- B tr cc thit b thu gom rc thi
dng
hin +
(thng phuy, contern).
2010- C cc quy nh c th qun l hot
Ch u
2011
ng ca cng nhn tham gia thi
t
cng.
- Thc hin cc bin php ng ph
vi cc s c mi trng.
- Xy dng h thng cng rnh thot

-Nc thi sinh hot ca
nc v h ga x l nc thi.
cng nhn.
- Lm nhim ngun nc, - B tr cc thit b thu gom du thi.
-Nc thi nhim du
nhim t
- Lp t cng trnh v sinh di ng
-Nc ma chy trn.
cho cng nhn khi d n bt u i
vo trin khai hot ng.
Giai on d n i vo hot ng
Hot ng ca cc my mc - Pht tn bi v kh thi gy - Thc hin cc bin php gim thiu
sn xut.
nhim mi trng.
nhim mi trng khng kh.
- Lp t cc h thng x l kh thi
tng cng on sn xut.

Thi gian
thc hin
| 107
2010
n v
thi cng
Trong giai
on thi Ch u
cng xy t, n v
dng
trng
n v
gim
st
Ch
u t
Ch
u t
Ch
u t
TT
Cc hot ng ca d n
Cc tc ng mi trng
+ Cng on bt ch
+Cng on c sn
+ Cng on trn, trt cao
+ Cng on ha thnh
+ Cng on ct th

Bin php gim thiu
Thi gian
thc hin
n v
thc hin
-S dng 2 qut ht bi cng sut

Q=10.000m3/h,
N=7,5kW,
h=
100mmH2O,
-1 Cyclon lc bi chm 4 ng 500,
-2 Cyclon mng nc kiu venturi
1200,
Q=10.000m3/h,
N=7,5kW,
h=
100mmH2O,
-1 Cyclon mng nc kiu venturi
1200,
Q=10.000m3/h, N=11,25kW, h=
150mmH2O,
-1 Cyclon lc bi
- 1 Silo thu hi bi
-S dng 4 qut ht hi axit,
Q=15000m3/h,
N=11,25KW,h=200mmH2O.
-2 Cyclon trung ha hi axit, kch
thc 1200x1200x2200m
-S dng 2 qut ht bi
Q=20.00m3/h,
N=11,25KW,
h=200mmH2O
-Thp lc thu hi bi, kch thc
1200x1200x2600m,
-Cyclon thu hi bi, h=2600, 1900.
Trong
sut qu
trnh hot
ng ca
d n
thu.
| 108
Thc
hin, lp
rp trong
giai on
thi cng,
xy dng
n v
gim
st
TT
Cc hot ng ca d n
2
Vn chuyn sn phm
Cc tc ng mi trng
Bin php gim thiu
Thi gian
thc hin
n v
thc hin
n v
gim
st
- Ti nc dp bi,
- To ra lng bi v kh thi trn
- Xe ch c che y.
ng vn chuyn.
- Quy nh thi gian lm vic hp l.
- Ting n do cc phng tin vn
-Thc hin cc bin php phng
chuyn gy ra.
nga v ng ph s c mi trng.
-Nc ma chy trn

Gy nh hng mi trng nc
-Nc ra chng bi, v
mt. nh hng ti mi trng
sinh cng nghip
t.
-Nc thi cng nghip
Gy nh hng ti mi trng
khng kh, tc ng ti sc khe
Cht thi rn v cht thi
con ngi.
nguy hi
Tc ng tiu cc n cht lng
mi trng t

- Xy dng h thng thu gom nc

thi pht sinh.
-Mng, rnh thot nc c tit din
hnh thang, chiu rng y di 0,3m,
chiu rng mt 0,5 m, chiu cao t
0,3 m.
-B tr 7 h ga thu.
- Xy dng h thng x l nc thi
tp trung (cng sut 320 m3/ngy) cho
Nh my.
-Xy dng bi thi rn 250m2
- Lp t, b tr cc h thng thu gom
tm thi (8 thng rc np y, 1
contern)
- Thc hin k hp ng vi cc n
v chc nng trong x l, vn chuyn
cht thi thng thng v CTNH
- Thc hin ng k s ch ngun thi
CTNH.
| 109
Trong
thi gian
xy dng
Thc hin
khi d n
bt u i
vo hot
ng
Ch
u t

TT
I
1
2
3
4
II
5
6
III
7
8
9
IV
10
11
V
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Bng 5.2. Danh mc mt s thit b, h thng cho cng tc bo v mi trng

Tn thit b
Quy cch
S lng
Cng on bt ch
Q=10.000m3/h; N=7,5 Kw;
Qut ht bi
2
H=100mmH2O
Cyclon lc bi chm 4 ng
1
500
Cyclon mng nc kiu venturi
1200
2
Q=30m3/h; N=3,7Kw;
Bm cp nc kh bi
1
H=20mH2O
Cng on c sn
Q=10.000m3/h; N=7,5Kw;
Qut ht bi
1
H=100mmH2O
Cylon mng nc kiu venturi
1
1200
Cng on trn, trt cao
Cyclon lc bi
1
Q=10.000m3/h; N=11,25Kw;
Qut ht bi
1
H=150mmH2O
Silo thu hi bi
1
Cng on ho thnh
Q=15.000m3/h; N=11,25Kw;
Qut ht hi axit
4
H=200mmH2O
Cyclon trung ho hi axit
1200*1200*2200
2
Cng on ct th
Q=20.000m3/h; N=11,25Kw;
Qut ht bi
2
H=200mmH2O
Thit b gom ch ph phm
H=2200; 1700
2
Thp lc tu hi bi
1200*1200*2600
2
Cyclon thu hi bi
2
H=2600; 1900
H thng x l nc thi
Trm x l nc thi tp trung
1
H thng cp thot nc
H thng h tng
1
H thng chng st + PCCC
H thng h tng
1
B t hoi
Xy ngm
1
H thng cy xanh
Thit b thu gom rc thi
10
Chi ph cc thit b, h thng c tnh vo chi ph u t d n.

| 110
5.2. Chng trnh gim st mi trng

5.2.1. Chng trinh gim st mi trng giai on xy dng
a. Gim st cht thi
Nc thi:
o V tr: 1 v tr nc thi sinh hot trc khi thi vo mi trng tip nhn
o Ch tiu gim st: pH, TSS, COD, BOD5, NH4+, Cl-, NO2-, NO3-, PO43-, As,
Pb, Cu, Zn, Coliform.
o Tiu chun so snh: QCVN 14: 2008/BTNMT - Quy chun k thut quc
gia v nc thi sinh hot, ct B.
o Tn sut gim st: 3 thng/1 ln.
Cht thi:
o V tr: 1 v tr ti khu vc tp kt cht thi xy dng.
o Gim st: qu trnh thi, thu gom cht xy dng.
b. Gim st mi trng xung quanh
b.1. Gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh
o Cc ch tiu gim st
- Bi l lng.
- Nng SO2, NO2, CO, CO2.
- Ting n, vi kh hu.
o S v tr ly mu, o c: 4 v tr
- Khu vc ng vn chuyn nguyn vt liu xy dng: 2 v tr.
- Khu vc cng trng xy dng: 2 v tr.
o Tn sut: 3 thng/1 ln
o Quy chun so snh:
+ QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng
khng kh xung quanh;
+ QCVN 06:2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v mt s cht
c hi trong mi trng khng kh xung quanh.
b.2. Gim st mi trng nc mt
| 111
o V tr: 1 v tr
- Nc mt ti Sng y (gn Nh my ng tu Long Sn)
o Ch tiu gim st: pH, TSS, COD, BOD5, NH4+, Cl-, NO2-, NO3-, PO43As, Cu, Zn, Coliform.
o Tn sut gim st: 3 thng/ln.
o Quy chun so snh: QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT Quy chun k thut
quc gia v cht lng nc mt, mc B1.
c. Gim st khc
- Gim st s , gy gin gio, an ton lao ng. Qu trnh gim st c
ghi trong s nht k theo di ca b phn qun l D n theo di s bin
ng theo khng gian v thi gian. ch u t c bin php, khc phc cc
tc ng do s c gy ra.
- Gim st cng tc qun l cht thi rn
- Gim st kim tra cng tc thc hin v sinh an ton v lao ng
- Gim st cc h thng cp thot nc.
Tn sut thc hin: 1 thng/ln
5.2.2. Chng trinh gim st mi trng giai on hot ng
a. Gim st cht thi
Nc thi:
o V tr: 2 v tr nc thi trc v sau x l ca Trm x l nc thi.
o Ch tiu gim st: pH, TSS, COD, BOD5, NH4+, Cl-, Mn, Cu, Fe, As, Pb,
Cu, Zn, Coliform.
o Tiu chun so snh: QCVN 24: 2008/BTNMT - Quy chun k thut quc
gia v nc thi cng nghip, ct B.
o Tn sut gim st: 3 thng/1 ln.
Kh thi:
o V tr:
+ 3 v tr ti ng khi ca cc h thng x l kh thi.

| 112
+ 4 v tr lp t thit b lc bi ca dy truyn sn xut ti: Cng

on bt ch; Cng on c sn; Cng on trn, trt cao; Cng
on ha thnh; Cng on ct th
o Ch tiu gim st: Bi tng, Bi ch, SO2, NO2, CO, CO2, hi H2SO4.
o Tiu chun so snh: QCVN 19:2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc
gia v kh thi cng nghip i vi bi v cc cht v c.
QCVN 20:2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v kh thi cng
nghip i vi mt s cht hu c.
o Tn sut gim st: 3 thng/1 ln
Cht thi rn
o V tr: Ti 5 khu vc pht sinh cht thi dng rn (cng on c
sn, cng on trn cao, cng on trt cao, cng on ha thnh,
cng on ct l cc).
o Ch tiu gim st: Gim st tng lng thi v qu trnh thu gom.
b. Gim st mi trng xung quanh
b.1. Gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh
o Cc ch tiu gim st
- Bi l lng, bi ch, hi hu c.
- Nng SO2, NO2, CO, CO2.
- Ting n, vi kh hu.
o S v tr ly mu, o c: 6 v tr
- Khu vc khun vin Nh my: 4 v tr
- Khu vc xung quanh Nh my: 2 v tr (theo hng gi ch o vo ma
h v ma ng)
o Tn sut: 6 thng/1 ln
o Quy chun so snh:
+ QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng
khng kh xung quanh;

| 113
+ QCVN 06:2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v mt s cht

c hi trong mi trng khng kh xung quanh;
b.2. Gim st mi trng nc mt
o V tr: 1 v tr.
- Nc mt ti sng y (gn Nh my ng tu Long Sn)
o Ch tiu gim st: pH, TSS, COD, BOD5, NH4+, Cl-, NO2-, NO3-, PO43,
As, Cu, Zn, Coliform.
o Tn sut gim st: 6 thng/ln.
quc gia cht lng nc mt, mc B1.
b.3. Gim st mi trng t
o V tr: 1 v tr.
- Ti khun vin cy xanh, khu vc trm x l nc thi ca Nh my.
o Ch tiu gim st: Pb, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr.
o Tn sut thc hin: 6 thng/ln.
quc gia v gii hn cho php ca kim loi nng trong t.
c. Gim st khc
- Gim st an ton lao ng, v sinh mi trng.
o V tr gim st (3 v tr) : ti khu vc sn xut, khu vc trm x l nc thi,
khu vc bi thi rn.
o Tn sut thc hin: 1 thng/ln.
- Gim st vic thu gom v vn chuyn CTR, v sinh mi trng khu vc.
* D kin kinh ph thc hin gim st
D ton kinh ph gim st c th s c tnh ton chi tit ti cc hp ng
thu n v c chc nng thc hin trong mi nm.
Kinh ph gim st mi trng d tnh cho 1 t gim st
n gi tnh theo Thng t s 232/TTLT-BTC-BTNMT
a. Giai on xy dng
| 114
TT
Ch tiu
S lng
Mi trng nc thi (2 v tr, 14 ch tiu)
1
pH
2
2
TSS
2
3
COD
2
4
BOD5
2
+
5
NH4
2
6
Cl
2
7
NO2
2
8
NO3
2
9
PO432
10
As
2
11
Pb
2
12
Cu
2
13
Zn
2
14
Coliform
2
Mi trng xung quanh
Mi trng khng kh (4 v tr, 7 ch tiu)
1
Bi l lng
4
2
SO2
4
3
NO2
4
4
CO
4
5
CO2
4
6
Ting n
4
7
Vi kh hu
4
Mi trng nc mt (2 v tr, 13 ch tiu)
1
pH
2
2
TSS
2
3
COD
2
4
BOD5
2
+
5
NH4
2
6
Cl
2
7
NO22
8
NO3
2
39
PO4
2
10
As
2
11
Cu
2
12
Zn
2
13
Coliform
2
Tng
n Gi
Thnh tin (ng)
40.000
80.000
95.000
100.000
80.000
50.000
70.000
70.000
80.000
100.000
80.000
80.000
80.000
80.000
80.000
160.000
190.000
200.000
160.000
100.000
140.000
140.000
160.000
200.000
160.000
160.000
160.000
160.000
65.000
300.000
300.000
300.000
300.000
52.000
40.000
260.000
1.200.000
1.200.000
1.200.000
1.200.000
208.000
160.000
40.000
80.000
95.000
100.000
80.000
50.000
70.000
70.000
80.000
100.000
80.000
80.000
80.000
80.000
160.000
190.000
200.000
160.000
100.000
140.000
140.000
160.000
200.000
160.000
160.000
160.000
9.608.000
b. Giai on hot ng
TT
Ch tiu
S lng
n Gi
Thnh tin
(ng)
Mi trng cht thi

| 115
TT
Ch tiu
S lng
Mi trng nc thi (2 v tr, 14 ch tiu)

1
pH
2
2
TSS
2
3
COD
2
4
BOD5
2
+
5
NH4
2
6
Cl
2
7
NO22
8
NO3
2
39
PO4
2
10
As
2
11
Pb
2
12
Cu
2
13
Zn
2
14
Coliform
2
Mi trng kh thi (7 v tr, 7 ch tiu)
1
Tng bi
7
2
Bi ch
7
3
SO2
7
4
NO2
7
5
CO
7
6
CO2
7
7
Hi H2SO4
7
Mi trng xung quanh
Mi trng khng kh (4 v tr, 7 ch tiu)
1
Bi l lng
4
2
SO2
4
3
NO2
4
4
CO
4
5
CO2
4
6
Ting n
4
7
Vi kh hu
4
Mi trng nc mt (2 v tr, 13 ch tiu)
1
pH
2
2
TSS
2
3
COD
2
4
BOD5
2
5
NH4+
2
6
Cl
2
7
NO2
2
8
NO3
2
39
PO4
2
10
As
2
11
Cu
2
n Gi
Thnh tin
(ng)
40.000
80.000
95.000
100.000
80.000
50.000
70.000
70.000
80.000
100.000
80.000
80.000
80.000
80.000
80.000
160.000
190.000
200.000
160.000
100.000
140.000
140.000
160.000
200.000
160.000
160.000
160.000
160.000
500.000
300.000
300.000
300.000
300.000
300.000
200.000
3.500.000
2.100.000
2.100.000
2.100.000
2.100.000
2.100.000
1.400.000
65.000
300.000
300.000
300.000
300.000
52.000
40.000
260.000
1.200.000
1.200.000
1.200.000
1.200.000
208.000
160.000
40.000
80.000
95.000
100.000
80.000
50.000
70.000
70.000
80.000
100.000
80.000
80.000
160.000
190.000
200.000
160.000
100.000
140.000
140.000
160.000
200.000
160.000

| 116
TT
12
13
Tng
Ch tiu
Zn
Coliform
S lng
2
2
n Gi
80.000
80.000

Thnh tin
(ng)
160.000
160.000
24.908.000
| 117
Chng 6.
THAM VN KIN CNG NG
Cng ty TNHH Long Sn gi cng vn v bo co tm tt nh gi tc
ng mi trng ca D n n UBND v UBMTTQ x Khnh Ph xin ng
gp kin .
U ban nhn dn v U ban mt trn T quc x Khnh Ph c cng
vn tr li vi nhng ni dung c trnh by trong mc 6.1 v 6.2:
6.1. kin ca U ban nhn dn x Khnh Ph
U ban nhn dn x Khnh Ph nhn c cng vn s 191, ngy 19
thng 11 nm 2010 ca Cng ty TNHH Long Sn thng bo ni dung ca d n,
cc tc ng ti mi trng ca d n v cc bin php gim thiu tc ng xu,
phng nga v ng cu cc s c mi trng ca d n. U ban nhn dn x c
nhng ng gp kin nh sau:
1. kin v cc tc ng xu ca D n n mi trng t nhin v kinh t
- x hi:
- UBND x Khnh Ph nht tr vi cc vn m Ch u t d bo
c tc ng xu ti mi trng trong giai on xy dng v trong giai don d
n i vo hot ng. y l nhng tc ng khng th trnh khi trong qu trnh
trin khai, thi cng d n.
2. kin v cc gii php, bin php gim thiu cc tc ng xu ca D
n n mi trng t nhin v kinh t - x hi:
- UBND x Khnh Ph nht tr vi cc gii php gim thiu cc tc ng
xu ca D n trnh by trong Bo co tm tt nh gi tc ng mi trng ca
D n gi km Cng vn;
3. Kin ngh vi Ch u t:
- ngh Ch u t thc hin nhng bin php gim thiu, hn ch ti a
nht nhng tc ng xu ti mi trng c ra.
- Ch u t to iu kin thun li cho nhn dn, thanh nin ti a bn
c lm vic trong qu trnh trin khai d n.
| 118
- Gii quyt cc s c mi trng v cng a phng khc phc hu qu

nu trong qu trnh trin khai v hot ng ca d n xy ra.
6.2. kin ca U ban mt trn T Quc x Khnh Ph
U ban Mt trn T quc x Khnh Ph, thnh ph Ninh Bnh, tnh Ninh
Bnh nhn c cng vn s 192, ngy 20 thng 11 nm 2010 ca Cng ty
TNHH Long Sn.
Thng bo ni dung ca d n, cc tc ng ti mi trng ca d n v
cc bin php gim thiu tc ng xu, phng nga v ng cu cc s c mi
trng ca d n. U ban Mt trn T Quc x c nhng ng gp kin nh
sau:
1. kin v cc tc ng xu ca d n n mi trng t nhin v kinh t
- x hi:
- ng vi ni dung trnh by trong Bo co tm tt nh gi tc ng
mi trng ca d n gi km Cng vn;
2. kin v cc gii php, bin php gim thiu cc tc ng xu ca d
n n mi trng t nhin v kinh t - x hi:
- UBMTTQ x Khnh Ph nht tr vi cc gii php gim thiu cc tc
ng xu ca d n trnh by trong Bo co tm tt nh gi tc ng mi
trng ca d n gi km Cng vn;
3. Kin ngh vi ch d n:
- ngh ch u t nghim chnh chp hnh cc bin php v cc cam kt
v Bo v mi trng nu trong Bo co;
- Lin h cht ch vi a phng lm tt cng tc bo v mi trng khu
vc, qun l lao ng thuc phm vi ca d n.
6.3. kin phn hi v cam kt ca ch D n trc cc kin ca UBND
v UBMTTQ cp x
Ch u t hon ton ng vi cc kin ca UBND v UBMTTQ ca
x Ninh Phc v s thc hin theo ng kin ca cc y ban.
Ch u t cam kt s yu cu n v trng thu xy dng khi tin hnh
thi cng xy dng phi thc hin tt cc bin php gim thiu tc ng xu ti
mi trng.
| 119
Trong thi gian d n i vo hot ng Ch u t s phi hp vi Phng

Ti nguyn v Mi trng thnh ph Ninh Bnh v S Ti Nguyn v Mi
trng tnh Ninh Bnh, Ban qun l khu cng nghip Khnh Ph v thc hin tt
cc bin php gim thiu tc ng xu n mi trng.

| 120
KT LUN V KIN NGH

1. Kt lun
- Trn c s thu thp s liu c im iu kin a l t nhin, kinh t x
hi vng thc hin d n v phn tch, nh gi cng sut, cng ngh sn xut
ca d n, ng thi kt hp vi kt qu iu tra, ly mu, phn tch nh gi
hin trng mi trng khu vc d n, bo co tng hp phn tch, nh gi,
d bo cc tc ng nhim i vi mi trng, kinh t x hi t qu trnh hot
ng sn xut c quy ca Nh my v rt ra nhng kt lun sau:
Hot ng ca d n ti v tr c cp php l ph hp v mt mi
trng v quy hoch pht trin cng nghip trong khu vc
D n s em li vic lm v thu nhp cho hng trm lao ng, to
iu kin nng cao i sng vn ho x hi, tinh thn v vt cht cho ngi dn
a phng ni t D n.
D n s thc y pht trin kinh t x hi trong khu vc, ng thi
gp phn tng ngun thu cho ngn sch Nh nc.
- Trong qu trnh trin khai xy dng v sn xut n nh, bo co TM
nhn dng c mc tc ng v quy m ln nht l mi trng khng kh.
Nguyn nhn gy tc ng ln nht l kh thi ca cc cng on sn xut.
- Bo co nh gi t tng qut n chi tit mc tc ng cng nh
quy m tc ng ca cc hot ng m d n gy ra nh hng n mi trng
khng kh, mi trng nc, t.
- Cc bin php gim thiu c a ra l cc bin php n gin, d thc hin v
ch u t c th ch ng p dng trong sut qu trnh hot ng ca Nh my.
2. Kin ngh
Kin ngh cc c quan chc nng to iu kin thun li cho d n sm c
trin khai.
Kin ngh cc ngnh ca Trung ng v a phng to iu kin thun
li d n c th hot ng mt cch hiu qu nht.

| 121
3. Cam kt thc hin

Cam kt thc hin cc quy nh v bo v mi trng
Trong qu trnh thc hin d n, Cng ty TNHH Long Sn ch u t d n
cam kt thc hin y cc vn bn php lut v bo v mi trng gm:
Ch d n cam kt s thc hin nghim chnh cc bin php gim thiu
c xut trong bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng (chng 4), cam kt

cc hot ng ca d n m bo cc tiu chun v mi trng nh quy nh
theo TCVN, QCVN.
Cam kt ng k ch ngun thi cht thi nguy hi theo hng dn ti
Thng t s 12/2006/TT - BTNMT hng dn v iu kin hnh ngh v th tc

lp h s, ng k, cp php, hnh ngh, m s cht thi nguy hi.
Cam kt thc hin lp h s xin cp php x nc thi vo ngun nc
Cam kt n b cc thit hi nhim mi trng do d n gy ra theo
Lut Bo v mi trng v Ngh nh 177/2009/N - CP v x pht hnh chnh

trong lnh vc bo v mi trng.
Cam kt p dng cc gii php, bin php bo v mi trng s c
thc hin trong giai on t khi d n i vo hot ng sn xut.
Cam kt sau khi hon thnh vic thc hin cc ni dung ca bo co
v yu cu ca Quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM s gi n S Ti nguyn v

Mi trng tnh Ninh Bnh kim tra v xc nhn vic thc hin.
Cam kt thc hin chng trnh qun l v gim st mi trng v gi
bo co gim st mi trng cho Ban qun l Khu cng nghip Khnh Ph v

Ban qun l cc KCN tnh Ninh Bnh v S TNMT Ninh Bnh nh k 1 nm 2
ln, trc ngy 15/6 v 15/12 hng nm.
Ch d n cam kt p dng cc tiu chun, quy chun Vit Nam v
mi trng i vi cc ngun thi ti nh my
Cng ty TNHH Long Sn cam kt p dng cc tiu chun, quy chun Vit
Nam v mi trng ban hnh:
- QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng
khng kh xung quanh.
| 122
- QCVN 06 : 2009/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut quc gia v mt s cht

c hi trong khng kh xung quanh.
- QCVN 07 : 2009/BTNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v ngng cht
thi nguy hi.
- QCVN 19 : 2009/BTNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v kh thi cng
nghip i vi bi v cc cht v c.
- QCVN 20 : 2009/BTNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v kh thi cng
nghip i vi mt s cht hu c.
- n: m bo n sinh ra t qu trnh xy dng v hot ng ca d
n s t Tiu chun Gii hn ti a cho php ting n ti khu vc lao ng
(Quyt nh s 3733 -2002/Q/BYT) v Tiu chun gii hn ti a cho php
ting n khu vc cng cng v dn c (theo mc m tng ng, TCVN 5949
- 1998).
- Nc thi sinh hot: Trong giai on xy dng v hot ng, nc thi
sinh hot m bo t QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia
v nc thi sinh hot, ct B.
- Nc thi sn xut: Trong giai on xy dng nc thi sn xut m bo
t QCVN 24: 2009/BTNMT (ct B): Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi
cng nghip. Trong giai on hot ng, nc thi pht sinh t trm x l nc
thi m bo tiu chun u vo ca trm x l nc thi tp trung ca Khu
cng nghip (TCVN 5945:2005, ct C).
- Cht thi rn c thu gom v x l theo ng quy nh ca Nh nc v
qun l cht thi rn (Ngh nh s 59:2007/N-CP).
- Cht thi nguy hi c qun l, thu gom v x l theo ng cc quy nh
v qun l CTNH (Thng t 12:2006/BTNMT, Quyt nh s 23:2006/QBTNMT).

| 123
PH LC
1. VN BN PHP L
2. PHIU KT QU PHN TCH
3. S BN V
4. HNH NH KHO ST

| 124
MC LC
M U................................................................................................................1
1. Xut x d n..........................................................................................................1
2. Cn c php lut v k thut ca vic thc hin nh gi nh tc ng mi
trng........................................................................................................................... 3
3. Phng php p dng trong qu trnh TM........................................................8
4. T chc thc hin TM..........................................................................................8
Chng 1.............................................................................................................10
M T TM TT D N..................................................................................10
1.1. Tn d n...........................................................................................................10
1.2. Ch d n..........................................................................................................10
1.3. V tr a l ca d n.......................................................................................10
1.4. Ni dung ch yu ca d n.............................................................................10
1.4.1. Quy m u t..................................................................................................10
1.4.2. Quy m xy dng..............................................................................................11
1.4.3. Cng ngh sn xut...........................................................................................14
1.4.4. Nhu cu nguyn vt liu sn xut bnh qun.....................................................18
1.4.5. Phng n thit k, xy dng.............................................................................21
1.4.6. Danh mc cc thit b, my mc s dng..........................................................28
1.4.7. Tin thc hin d n......................................................................................30
1.4.8. Tng mc u t................................................................................................31
1.4.9. T chc qun l v thc hin d n...................................................................31
Chng 2.............................................................................................................34
IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T - X HI...................34
2.1. iu kin t nhin v mi trng......................................................................34
2.1.1. iu kin v a l, a cht...............................................................................34
2.1.2. iu kin v kh tng thy vn.....................................................................35
2.1.3. Hin trng cc thnh phn mi trng t nhin.................................................40
2.2. iu kin kinh t - x hi....................................................................................46
2.2.1. iu kin kinh t - x hi x Khnh Ph...........................................................46
2.2.2. Hin trng Khu cng nghip Khnh Ph............................................................47
Chng 3.............................................................................................................49
NH GI CC TC NG MI TRNG..................................................49
3.1. nh gi tc ng...............................................................................................49
3.1.1. Giai on xy dng c s h tng......................................................................49
3.1.2. Giai on i vo hot ng................................................................................59
3.2. Nhn xt v mc chi tit, tin cy ca cc nh gi.................................72
3.2.1. Mc tin cy ca cc nh gi........................................................................72
3.2.2. Mc chi tit ca cc nh gi........................................................................73
Chng 4.............................................................................................................74
BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU, PHNG NGA.......................74
V NG PH S C MI TRNG...............................................................74
4.1. i vi tc ng xu...........................................................................................74
4.1.1. Bin php gim thiu tc ng xu trong giai on xy dng............................74
4.1.2. Bin php gim thiu tc ng xu trong gii on hot ng...........................78
4.2. i vi s c mi trng..................................................................................101
4.2.1. Phng chng chy n v r r kh gas..............................................................101
4.2.2. S c r axit................................................................................................102
4.2.3. S c ca cc h thng x l kh thi, nc thi..............................................103
4.2.4. S c do thin tai.............................................................................................104
Chng 5...........................................................................................................105
CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG.......................105
5.1. Chng trnh qun l mi trng...................................................................105
5.1.1. K hoch qun l mi trng cho d n..........................................................105
5.1.2. Thc hin qun l mi trng..........................................................................105
5.2. Chng trnh gim st mi trng..................................................................111
5.2.1. Chng trnh gim st mi trng giai on xy dng....................................111
5.2.2. Chng trnh gim st mi trng giai on hot ng...................................112
Chng 6............................................................................................................117
THAM VN KIN CNG NG.................................................................117
6.1. kin ca U ban nhn dn x Khnh Ph..................................................117
6.2. kin ca U ban mt trn T Quc x Khnh Ph....................................118
6.3. kin phn hi v cam kt ca ch D n trc cc kin ca UBND v
UBMTTQ cp x......................................................................................................118
Ch u t hon ton ng vi cc kin ca UBND v UBMTTQ ca x Ninh

Phc v s thc hin theo ng kin ca cc y ban.........................................118
KT LUN V KIN NGH............................................................................120
1. Kt lun................................................................................................................120
2. Kin ngh..............................................................................................................120
3. Cam kt thc hin................................................................................................120
PH LC..........................................................................................................123
MC LC.........................................................................................................124

DANH MC BNG BIU

Bng 1. Cc cn b tham gia thc hin TM...................................................8
Bng 1.1. Cn bng t ai ca d n.............................................................11
Bng 1.2. Mc t ng ho trong cng ngh.............................................18
Bng 1.3. Nhu cu nguyn nhin vt liu cho sn xut c quy t...............19
Bng 1.4. Nhu cu nguyn nhin liu cho sn xut c quy xe my...............20
Bng 1.5. Cc thit b chnh s dng trong dy chuyn sn xut.................28
Bng 1.6. Tng mc u t d n....................................................................31
Bng 1.7. Nhu cu nhn lc v ngun nhn lc cho Nh my......................32
Bng 2.1. m khng kh trung bnh ca tnh Ninh Bnh..........................36
Bng 2.2. Tng s gi nng ca tnh Ninh Bnh............................................37
Bng 2.3. Ch gi ca tnh Ninh Bnh........................................................37
Bng 2.4. Mc nc cao nht mt s nm ti cc v tr trn sng y........39
Bng 2.5. Mt s c trng a hnh ca cc lu vc thuc h thng sng
y......................................................................................................................39
Bng 2.6. V tr o c ly mu hin trng mi trng khng kh khu vc
d n...................................................................................................................40
Bng 2.7. Kt qu phn tch cc thng s mi trng khng kh khu vc d
n.........................................................................................................................40
Bng 2.8. Kt qu phn tch cc thng s mi trng khng kh khu vc d
n.........................................................................................................................41
Bng 2.9. V tr ly mu nc mt...................................................................42
Bng 2.10. Kt qu phn tch cht lng nc mt.......................................42
Bng 2.11. V tr ly mu nc ngm..............................................................43
Bng 2.12. Kt qu phn tch cht lng nc ngm....................................44
Bng 2.13. Kinh t x hi x Khnh Ph, huyn Yn Khnh, tnh Ninh
Bnh.....................................................................................................................46
Bng 3.1. Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi trong giai on
xy dng c bn.................................................................................................49
Bng 3.2. Ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi trong giai on
xy dng.............................................................................................................49
Bng 3.3. H s k n loi mt ng - s.......................................................50
Bng 3.4. H s k n kch thc bi k......................................................50
Bng 3.5. H s pht thi i vi ng c s dng du DO..........................51
Bng 3.6. D bo lng kh thi pht ra ca cc phng tin thi cng.......52
Bng 3.7. Ti lng v nng cc cht nhim trong kh thi my pht
in......................................................................................................................52
Bng 3.8. T trng cc cht nhim trong qu trnh hn in kim loi......53
Bng 3.9. Ti lng nhim do hn in........................................................53
Bng 3.10. Mc n ca m t s loi thit b thi cng theo khong cch........54
Bng 3.11. Ti lng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot................55
Bng 3.12. Ti lng trung bnh cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot
ca cng nhn thi cng d n...........................................................................56
Bng 3.13. Thnh phn rc thi sinh hot......................................................57
Bng 3.14. Mt s loi cht thi nguy hi pht sinh trong giai on thi cng
.............................................................................................................................58
Bng 3.15. Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi trong giai on
hot ng............................................................................................................59
Bng 3.16. Ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi trong giai
on hot ng...................................................................................................60
Bng 3.17. D kin nng axt sunfuric v ch pht sinh...........................61
Bng 3.18. Ting n pht sinh ti mt s thit b............................................63
Bng 3.19. Nng v ti lng nc thi pht sinh trong qu trnh sn
xut.....................................................................................................................65
Bng 3.20. Ti lng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot................66
Bng 3.21. Ti lng trung bnh cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot
ca cn b cng nhn vin................................................................................67
Bng 3.22. D bo thnh phn rc thi sinh hot..........................................67
Bng 3.23. D bo lng CTNH pht sinh t cc cng on sn xut........68
Bng 5.1. Tng hp chng trnh qun l mi trng................................107

Bng 5.2. Danh mc mt s thit b, h thng cho cng tc bo v mi
trng...............................................................................................................110

DANH MC HNH V
Hnh 1. S cng ngh sn xut....................................................................17
Hnh 4.1. Thng cha rc thi.........................................................................78
Hnh 4.2. S cng ngh x l kh, hi ch trong qu trnh to bt ch....81
Hnh 4.3. S khi cng ngh x l hi ch t qu trnh nu ch c bn
cc.......................................................................................................................81
Hnh 4.4. S khi cng ngh x l hi v m axt.....................................82
Hnh 4.5. S khi cng ngh x l bi t qu trnh sn xut...................84
Hnh 4.6. Quy trnh thu gom nc ma..........................................................88
Hnh 4.7. M hnh b t hoi 3 ngn...............................................................89
Hnh 4.8. Quy trnh thu gom v x l nc thi sinh hot ti Nh my......90
Hnh 4.9. S quy trnh ca Trm x l nc thi tp trung....................91

DANH MC CC T VIT TT
AFTA
ATL
BTC
BTCT
BTNMT
BXD
CHXHCNVN
CNVC
CP
CTNH
CTR
TM
GTGT
KCS
KHQLMT
KK
KT-XH
NM
NN
NXB
PCCC
PG
QCVN
QCXDVN
Q
QLNN
TB
TCCP
TCVN
TCXD
TDTT
THCS
THPT
TNHH
TW
UB
UBMTTQ
UBND
VH
VHVN
WHO
: Khu mu dch t do Asean

: An ton lao ng
: B Ti Chnh
: B tng ct thp
: B Ti nguyn Mi trng
: B Xy dng
: Cng ha x hi ch ngha Vit Nam
: Cng nhn vin chc
: C phn
: Cht thi nguy hi
: Cht thi rn
: nh gi tc ng
: Gi tr gia tng
: Kim tra cht lng sn phm
: K hoch qun l mi trng
: Khng kh
: Kinh t - X hi
: Nc mt
: Nc ngm
: Nh xut bn
: Phng chy cha chy
: Ph gim c
: Quy chun Vit Nam
: Quy chun xy dng Vit Nam
: Quyt nh
: Qun l nh nc
: Trung bnh
: Tiu chun cho php
: Tiu chun Vit Nam
: Tiu chun xy dng
: Th dc th thao
: Trung hc c s
: Trung hc ph thng
: Trch nhim hu hn
: Trung ng
: y ban
: y ban Mt trn T Quc
: y ban nhn dn
: Vn ha
: Vn ha vn ngh
: T chc Y t Th gii.


Doko - VN 209637 DTM Du An Dau Tu Xay Dung Nha May San X

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Doko - VN 209637 DTM Du An Dau Tu Xay Dung Nha May San X

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm

Trong tin trnh pht trin i ln cng t nc hi nhp kinh t khu vc v

Ch u t: Cng ty TNHH Long Sn

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm

2. Cn c php lut v k thut ca vic thc hin nh gi nh tc ng

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm

Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph v quy nh

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm

Thng t s 08/2009/TT-BTNMT ngy 15/7/2009 ca B Ti nguyn v

QCVN 06:2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v mt s cht

QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm

QCVN 24:2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi

Cp Nc. X l nc thin nhin cp cho sinh hot v cng nghip

nh gi tc ng mi trng: Phng php & ng dng, 2000, L Trnh,

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm

Kim ton mi trng, 2006, Phm Th Vit Anh, Nh xut bn i hc

La chn cc phng php v cng ngh x l nc thi ph hp trong

La chn gii php thot nc v x l nc thi chi ph thp, bn vng,

Mi trng khng kh, NXB Khoa Hc v K Thut, 2003, Phm Ngc

nhim khng kh v x l kh thi, tp 2-3, NXB Khoa hc v K thut,

S tay X l nc (Tp 1 + 2), Trung tm o to ngnh Nc v Mi

Tnh ton thit k cc cng trnh x l nc thi, NXB Xy Dng, 2000,

Thot nc v x l nc thi cng nghip, 1999, Trn Hiu Nhu, NXB

Wastewater Engineering, Treatment and Reuse, George Tchobanoglous,

Xc nh h s pht thi-Mt ch s hu ch phc v cng tc qun l

mi trng, Nguyn Xun Trng,http://www.nea.gov.vn/tapchi/toanvan/032k8-19.htm.

X l cht thi hu c, 2003, Nguyn c Lng v Nguyn Th Thu

X l nc thi sinh hot quy m nh v va, NXB Khoa hc v K

Ch u t: Cng ty TNHH Long Sn

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm

X L Nc Thi, 1996, Hong Hu, NXB Xy dng, H Ni.

3. Phng php p dng trong qu trnh TM

Ch u t: Cng ty TNHH Long Sn

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm

Nguyn Kim Ngc

Cng ngh Mi trng

trng Thng Long

Vin Vt l-Vin Khoa hc

Trong qu trnh thc hin chng ti nhn c s gip ca cc c

Ch u t: Cng ty TNHH Long Sn

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm

1.4.2. Quy m xy dng

Din tch (m2)

Din tch xy dng

Din tch cy xanh, thm c

(Ngun: Thuyt minh d n)

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm

Lng sn phm tr trong kho l 56.250Kwh.

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm

H thng thot nc ngoi nh: lm cng bn xy gch th B300 800 v

Ch u t: Cng ty TNHH Long Sn

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm

- Cng on trt cao: Cao ch sau khi trn xong c trt ln cc tm sn

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm

Ch u t: Cng ty TNHH Long Sn

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm

Ch u t: Cng ty TNHH Long Sn

TM: D n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut c quy cng sut 600.000 KWh/nm

1.4.4. Nhu cu nguyn vt liu sn xut binh qun