LATAR BELAKANG

Peningkatan harapan hidup dan kemajuan pelayanan kesehatan akan membuat jumlah lansia
meningkat. Di Indonesia, menurut data sensus tahun 2010, terdapat 18.037.009 lansia atau
sekitar 7,59% dari populasi. Pada lansia terjadi proses menua yang ditandai dengan
perubahan fungsi otak terutama terjadi dalam fungsi kognitif (daya pikir). Penurunan fungsi
kognitif pada lansia dipengaruhi oleh faktor biologis dan psikologis. Penelitian ini dilakukan
dengan tujuan untuk menilai hubungan antara faktor psikologis yaitu social engagement dan
depresi dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif.
HASIL
Terdapat sebanyak 38,8% lansia dengan social engagement baik yang memiliki gangguan
Mild Cognitive Impairment (p=0,084). Terdapat sebanyak 40% lansia dengan status
psikologis tidak depresi yang memiliki gangguan Mild Cognitive Impairment (p=0,006)
KESIMPULAN
Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara depresi dengan dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif
pada lansia di atas 70 tahun.
Kata kunci : lansia, social engagement, depresi, fungsi kognitif

ABSTRACT
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT AND DEPRESSION WITH
COGNITIVE FUNCTION DECLINE IN ELDERLY ABOVE 70 YEARS OLD

BACKGROUND
Increasing life expectancy and health care advances will increase the number of elderly. In
Indonesia, according to the census of 2010, there were 18.037.009 elderly or approximately
7,59% of the population. Aging process occurs in the elderly are characterized by changes in
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brain function occur primarily in cognitive function (thinking). Cognitive function decline in
the elderly is influenced by biological and psychological factors. This study was conducted to
assess the relationship between psychological factors, namely social engagement and
depression with cognitive decline.
METHOD
A cross-sectional method with observational analytic study was conducted among 160
elderly above 70 years old in 3 villages of Pasar Minggu district, South Jakarta, between
September 2014 October 2014. Data collected by using purposive sampling. Data was
collected with interview by structured questionnaires. Data analysis was perfomed by using
SPSS for Windows version 22.0, Chi-square technique with level of significance was set at p
<0,05.
RESULT
Elderly who has good social engagement are 38,8% with Mild Cognitive Impairment
(p=0,084). And elderly without depression are 40% with Mild Cognitive Impairment
(p=0,006).
CONCLUSION
There is significant association between depression and cognitive function decline in elderly
above 70 years old.
Keywords: elderly, social engagement, depression, cognitive function

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