CANCER

Anatomy and Physiology

2014

TUMORS
Malignant
Benign
Tumor
Angiogenesis
Factor

STAGES OF
CANCER
4 Stages
Stage 0- in situ, highly curable
Stage I- small tumor, not deep
Stage II and III- large, deep, spreading
Stage IV-spreading

STAGES OF
CANCER
TNM Stage System
T- 0-4
N- 0-3
M- 0-1

STAGES OF
CANCER
Grade- cell type
Tumor Markers- substances
Tumor Genetics-genes

STAGES OF
CANCER
Not all cancers use the TMN or 0-IV
stage systems
Childhood
Brain cancers
Blood cancers

RESTAGING
The stage of cancer does not change
over time
Original stage
New information
New tests

TREATMENTS
Vary by the type of cancer
Research
Specific

HOW CANCER
AFFECTS THE
Cell
Check Points
CELL
Reduced sensitivity
Damaged DNA

CHANGES TO
DNA
Mutations
Silent
Missense
Oncogenes
Protoncogenes

CHANGES TO
DNA
Tumor Suppressor Genes
Normally on
Mutations