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Plants reproduce by spreading seeds. These seeds are fertilized by animals, such
as bees, also called pollinators. The pollinators (the animals) pollinate the plant.
The male cell goes into the ovary and fertilizes the seed. When the time is right,
the plant disperses the seed and it gets planted.
Reproduction of organisms
In single-celled organisms (e.g., bacteria, protozoans, many algae, and some fungi), organismic
and cell reproduction are synonymous, for the cell is the whole organism. Details of the process
differ greatly from one form to the next and, if the higher ciliate protozoans are included, can be
extraordinarily complex. It is possible for reproduction to be asexual, by simple division, or
sexual. In sexual unicellular organisms the gametes can be produced by division (often multiple
fission, as in numerous algae) or, as in yeasts, by the organism turning itself into a gamete and
fusing its nucleus with that of a neighbour of the opposite sex, a process that is called
conjugation. In ciliate protozoans (e.g., Paramecium), the conjugation process involves the
exchange of haploid nuclei; each partner acquires a new nuclear apparatus, half of which is
genetically derived from its mate. The parent cells separate and subsequently reproduce by
binary fission. Sexuality is present even in primitive bacteria, in which parts of the chromosome
of one cell can be transferred to another during mating.