LIST 10-8. SOME INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES INVENTION DATE NAME AND LIFE SPAN OR DISCOVERY 1450 Johan Gutenberg (1398-1468) Printing from movable type 1676 Anton van Leeuwenhoek Used lenses to (1632-1723) observe, draw, and describe bacteria 1679 Denis Papen Pressure cooker 1764 James Hargreaves (?-1778) Spinning jenny perfected, 1766 1765 James Watt (1736-1819) Steam engine 1775 Richard Arkwright (1732-1792) Water frame for cotton yarn making 1777 Antoine L. Lavoisier (1743-1794) Explained combustion; known as the father of modern chemistry 1784 William Murdock (1754—1839) Locomotive; 1792, gas lighting 1784 James Rumsey (1743-1792) Steamboat 1787 Oliver Evans (1755-1819) Automatic flour mill 1790 Samuel Hopkins Potash process (first U.S. patent) 1794 Eli Whitney (1765-1825) Spinning machines 1807 John C. Stevens (1749-1838) Propeller driven steamboat 1807 Robert Fulton (1765-1815) Steamboat 1830 Robert L. Stevens (1787-1859) Railroad track and spike 1831 Michael Faraday (1791-1867) Induction of electric currents 1834 Cyrus McCormick (1809-1884) Grain reaper 1836 Samuel Morse (1791-1872) ‘Telegraph 1839 Jacques M. Daguerre (1779-1851) Photographic process 1844 Henry D. Thoreau (1817-1862) Improved lead pencils 1846 Elias Howe (1819-1867) Sewing machines 1865 Henry Bessemer (1813-1898) Steel making process 1867 Joseph Lister (1827-1912) Antiseptic surgery 1868 Christopher L. Sholes (1819-1890) Remington typewriter 1869 John W. Hyatt (1837-1920) Celluloid 1876 Alexander G. Bell (1847-1922) Telephone 1885 Jan Matzeliger (1852-1889) Shoe lasting machine Alfred B, Nobel (1833-1896) Dynamite, synthetic rubber and leather, artificial sill Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) Anti-rabies treatment 1886 Charles M. Hall (1863-1914) Process for producing aluminum 1888 Nikola Tesla (1856-1943) Induction motor Electric power transmission 1889 Thomas Edison (1847-1931) Electric light 1896 Gugliemo Mareoni (1874-1937) Wireless telegraph (Continued) ‘The Science Teacher's Book of Lists, © 1993 by Prentice Hall,‘The Science Teacher's Book of Lists, © 1998 by Prentice Hall DATE NAME AND LIFE SPAN INVENTION OR DISCOVERY 1903 Orville Wright (1871~1948) Airplane Wilbur Wright (1867-1912) Leo Baekeland (1863-1944) Bakelite™, a group of plastics 1906 Lee De Forest (1873-1961) Vacuum tube amplifier 1911 Elmer A. Sperry (1860-1930) Gyroscopic compass 1924 David Mannes (1899-1964) Kodachrome™ color film Leopold Godowsky, Jr. (1900-1983) 1926 Roy Chapman Andrews (1884-1960) Discovered fossilized dinosaur eggs 1928 Alexander Fleming (1881-1955) Penicillin 1930 Wallace H. Carothers (1896-1937) Neoprene rubber; 1934, nylon 1937 _Niels Christensen (1865-1952) O-rings 1938 Chester Carlson (1906-1968) Xerography 1947 Edwin H. Land (1909-1991) Polaroid photographie film and camera John Bardeen (1908-1991) ‘Transistor Walter Brattain (1902-1987) William Shockley (1910-1989) 1955 Jonas Salk (1914——) Polio vaccine 1965 Paul Morgan (1911-1992) One of the inventors of Kevlar® and other high-strength fibers 1972 William Higinbotham (1910-_)—_—_—*First video game 1973 Stanley H. Cohen Fragments of DNA can be inserted Herbert W. Boyer into bacteria cells where they could be reproduced; beginning of genetic engineering 1974 Martin L. Perl Named a variety of leptons: tau electron or tauon 1974 Charles T. Kowall (1940- Thirteenth moon of Jupiter, numerous supernovas, and Chiron, later determined to be the largest known comet 1977 Donald Johanson (1943- >) Parts of hominid fossil believed to be 4 million years old, leg and thighbones indicated it was a bipedal female 1989 Henry A. Erlich and coworkers Method to identify a person or rule out a person from the DNA in one hair NOTE; The date is that of a patent, patent application, notebook record, public demonstration or announcement. Many inventors made other important discoveries. Unfortunately, not all birth and death dates are readily available.