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Uterus
consist of:
Two uterine horn.
Body.
Cervix.
Uterine horn(paired):relatively long muscular tube.
Lie in: abdomen cavity between intestine.
Attach: cranially with oviduct and caudally with body of uterus.
Shape of uterus:
1-T-shape-------------- in mare, she-camel.
2-Y-shape-------------- in carnivores.
3-Coil shape(ram horn) -------------- in ruminant.
4-Intestinal shape-------------- in sow.
In ruminant the caudal end of uterine horn connect by peritoneal fold(intercorneal
ligament) which give false in region to long body than the horn.
In carnivores before unit to form uterine body and unit for short distance to form
uterine velum.
Uterine body: tow horn attach to form single channel called body of uterus.
It has three opening: two cranially with uterine horn and caudally with cervix.
Cervix: short, thick, cylindrical muscular wall and narrowed channel.
Located in: pelvic cavity.
Has two opening: cranially with body(internal cervical orifice)and caudally toward
vagina(external cervical orifice) or (cervico-vaginal orifice) which be close
completely by muscular wall and mucus(mucus seed)or(mucus plug) and cervical
channel open in the following cases:
1-parturition.
2-ectrosis phase.
The cervix have neck extend to vagina called vaginal part of uterus and the space
around this part called fornix: in mare present dorsal and ventral fornix, in
ruminant only dorsal fornix, while in sow and carnivores ventral fornix only.