YU CU K THUT CA CNG TC

P TH CC - TH TI TNH CHO CC

D N :

RKW LOTUS FACTORY

Q. 9, TP. H Ch Minh

CH U T:
CNG TY THHH MTV RKW CHU LOTUS
Khu Cng Ngh Cao, Q. 9, TP. HCM

T VN THIT K KT CU:

REACTEC

I HC BCH KHOA THNH PH H CH MINH

TRUNG TM NGHIN CU NG DNG CNG NGH XY DNG
268 L Thng Kit, Q.10, TP. H Ch Minh

11/2013

Tel: (+84-8) 38643955

Fax: (+84-8) 38637251

REACTEC

I HC BCH KHOA THNH PH H CH MINH

TRUNG TM NGHIN CU NG DNG CNG NGH XY DNG
268 L Thng Kit, Q.10, TP. H Ch Minh

Tel: (+84-8) 38643955

Fax: (+84-8) 38637251

YU CU K THUT CA CNG TC
P TH CC - TH TI TNH CHO CC

D N

RKW LOTUS FACTORY

Q. 9, TP. HCM

TRUNG TM NGHIN CU NG DNG

CNG NGH XY DNG
Thc hin :

Gim c:

TS. Nguyn Th Duy

ThS. Bi Duy Phng
ThS. L Qu Ti
KS. Trn Thanh Tng
KS. Hunh Th V
KS. Trn Duy Linh
KS. ng Thy Thanh Trm
PGS. TS. o Xun Lc

CHNG 1

YU CU K THUT CA CNG TC
P TH CC B TNG CT THP C SN

1. Quy nh chu ng
Cc b tng c sn ng sut trc c p tng on xung t bng kch, c ng h
o p lc xc nh cng ca lc nn cc cc su khc nhau ca mi cc.
2. S lng v v tr cc p th

S lng cc th: 1 9 cc.

V tr cc th: xin xem bn v mt bng nh v cc th km theo.

3. Kim tra cc trc khi p

Cc b tng c sn ch c tin hnh p khi tui (sau khi c bo dng
28 ngy).
4. Thit b p cc
Thit b p cc cn t cc yu cu sau:

H kch thy lc ca thit b cn p c cc vi ti trng khng nh hn hai ln sc chu

ti cho php ca cc theo d kin.

ng h o p lc nht thit cn c kim nh ti c quan c thm quyn v c cp

chng ch.

H thng nh v kch v cc p cn chnh xc, c iu chnh ng t m, khng gy lc

ngang tc dng ln u cc.

Chn h thng kch p phi n nh v t phng trong sut qu trnh p cc.

5. i trng
i trng cn to c phn lc t nht bng lc cc i ca kch lm vic theo yu cu
thit k.
6. Quy trnh p cc

H thng kch v gi cn c nh v ng v tr v thng ng.

Thit b p cc c lin kt vi h dm cht i trng.

t cc u tin c nh v chnh xc v thng ng v v tr.

Mi ni cc c thc hin bng ng hn m bo chiu dy v cng ngh theo quy

phm. Trc v sau khi hn, cn kim tra thng ng ca cc bng Nivo.

L lch cc p c ghi chp ngay trong qu trnh thi cng. L lch p bao gm:
- Ngy c cc.
- S hiu cc, v tr v kch thc cc.
- Thit b p cc, kh nng ca kch p, hnh trnh kch, din tch piston, lu lng du, p
lc bm du ln nht.
- p lc hoc ti trng p trong tng giai on 1m hoc trong 1 t cc (s liu ny c bit
quan trng).
- p lc dng p cc.
- Loi m u cc.
- Trnh t p cc trong nhm.
- Nhng vn k thut cn tr cng tc p cc theo thit k, cc sai s v v tr v
nghing.
- Tn cn b gim st v t trng t thi cng.

Dng p cc:
Cc c dng nn khi tha mn mt trong cc iu kin sau:
- Mi cc t chiu su xp x chiu su do thit k quy nh & lc nn u cc phi t ti
thiu 210 T.
- Nu mi cc cha t chiu su thit k th lc nn u cc khi ngng p phi t ti
thiu 230 T nhng khng qu 270 T.
- Nu mi cc t chiu su thit k m lc nn u cc cha t 210 T th phi p thm
cho n khi lc nn t 210 T.

7. Sai s cho php

Khi dng p cc, u cc khng c lch qu 50 mm so vi v tr thit k. nghing ca
cc khng vt qu 1: 100.

CHNG 2

YU CU K THUT CA CNG TC
TH NGHIM TH TI TNH CHO CC P

1. Tng qut
1.1

Tiu chun Th ti tnh cho cc:

TCVN 93932012: Cc Phng php th nghim bng ti trng tnh p dc trc .

1.2

Thi gian bt u c ng tc th ti tnh: xin xem mc 4.1.

1.3

S lng cc v v tr cc c th ti tnh:
+ S l ng cc c p th: 19 cc (xin xem v tr trong bn v cc th km theo).
+ S lng cc c th nghim th ti tnh: 6 cc - v tr s c quyt nh sau
khi c kt qu p th cc.

1.4

Ti trng thit k (sc c hu ti thit k) ca cc th: 110 T

1.5

Ti trng th nghim ln nht:

Pmax = 220 T (200% ti trng thit k ca cc).

1.6

Vic th nghim th ti tnh cho cc cn tun th theo cng c trnh by chi tit
trong cc phn tip theo.

2. Phng php th nghim

Th nghim c tin hnh bng phng php dng ti trng tnh p dc trc cc sao cho
di tc dng ca lc p, cc ln su thm vo t nn. Ti trng tc dng ln u cc c
thc hin bng kch thy lc vi h phn lc l dn cht ti.
3. Thit b th nghim
3.1

Thit b th nghim bao gm h gia ti, h phn lc v h o c quan trc.

3.2

H gia ti gm kch, bm v h thng thy lc phi bo m khng b r r, hot ng an

ton di p lc khng nh hn 150% p lc lm vic. Kch thy lc phi bo m cc
yu cu sau :
a) C sc nng p ng ti tr ng ln nht theo d kin;
b) C kh nng gia ti, gim ti vi cp ti trng ph hp vi cng th nghim;
c) C kh nng gi ti n nh khng t hn 24 gi;

d) C hnh trnh p ng chuyn v u cc ln nht theo d kin cng vi bin

dng ca h phn lc;
3.3 Tm m u cc v u kch bng thp bn c cng v chiu dy ti thiu 40 mm
bo m phn b ti trng ng u ca kch ln u cc.
3.4

H o c quan trc bao gm thit b, dng c o ti trng tc dng ln u cc, o

chuyn v ca cc, my thy chun, dm chun v dng c kp u cc.

3.5

Ti trng tc dng ln u cc c o bng ng h p lc lp sn trong h thng thy

lc. ng h p lc nn hiu chnh ng b cng vi kch v h thng thy lc vi
chnh xc n 5%. Nu khng c iu kin hiu chnh ng b th c th hiu chnh ring
ng h p lc.

3.6

Chuyn v u cc c o bng 2 4 chuyn v k c chnh xc n 0,01mm, c

hnh trnh dch chuyn t nht 50mm hoc o c chuyn v ln nht theo d kin.

3.7

My thy chun dng kim tra dch chuyn, chuyn v ca gi k dn cht ti, h thng
neo, dm chun g lp chuyn v k, vng ca dm chnh v chuyn v u cc. Cc
s liu o chuyn v u cc bng my thy chun ch c dng nh l s liu kim tra
th.

3.8

Cc thit b o ti trng v chuyn v phi c kim nh v hiu chnh nh. Cc chng

ch kim nh thit b phi trong thi gian hiu lc.

3.9

Cc b phn dng g lp thit b o chuyn v gm dm chun bng thp v dng c

kp u cc bng thp bn phi m bo t b bin dng do thi tit.

3.10 H phn lc phi c thit k chu c phn lc khng nh hn 120% ti trng th

nghim ln nht theo d kin. H phn lc bao gm dm chnh (dm chu ti) kt hp vi
dn cht ti.
3.11 Cc b phn cu to ca h phn l c phi bo m cc yu cu sau :
a) Mi loi dm (dm chnh, dm ph dn cht ti) phi cng chng loi, cng ,
cng v kch thc;
b) Tng trng lng i trng k c dn cht ti, dm chnh khng nh hn 120% ti
trng th nghim ln nht theo d kin.
Ghi ch :
1) vng ca dm khng ln hn 1/200 chiu di tnh ton;
2) i trng c th l b tng, thp, ct si, nc cha trong cc vt ng hoc
cc vt nng khc;
4

Chun b th nghim

4.1

Nhng cc s tin hnh th nghim cn c kim tra cht lng theo cc tiu chun hin
hnh v thi cng v nghim thu cc.

4.2

Thi gian ngh t khi kt thc thi cng n khi th nghim c quy nh ti thiu l 7 ngy.

4.3

u cc th nghim c th c ct bt hoc ni thm nhng phi c gia cng bo

m cc yu cu sau :
a) Khong cch t u cc n dm chnh phi lp t kch v thit b o;
b) Mt u cc c lm bng phng, vung gc vi trc cc, nu cn thit phi gia c
thm khng b ph hoi cc b di tc dng ti trng th nghim;

4.4 Kch phi t trc tip trn tm m u cc, chnh tm so vi tim cc. Khi dng nhiu kch
th phi b tr cc kch sao cho ti trng c truyn dc trc, chnh tm ln u cc.
Ghi ch:
1) Khng t kch trc tip ln u cc th nghim;
2) Nu kch khng c khp cu th phi lp rp sao cho mt phng u kch (hoc
tm m u kch) tip xc hon ton vi mt phng ca dm chnh.
4.5 H phn lc phi lp t theo nguyn tc cn bng, i xng qua trc cc, bo m truyn
ti trng dc trc, chnh tm ln u cc, ng thi tun th cc quy nh sau :
a) Dn cht ti c lp t trn cc gi k n nh, hn ch ti a ln ca cc gi k;
b) Dm chnh v h dm chu lc phi c k ln cc tr hoc cc gi k.
c) Khi s dng nhiu dm chnh, cc dm nht thit phi c lin kt cn g vi nhau
bng hn chu lc, bo m truyn ti trng ng u ln u cc;
d) Vic cht i trng phi cn bng, nh nhng, trnh cc xung lc;
e) Khi lp dng xong, u cc khng b nn trc trc khi th nghim.
4.6

Dng c kp u cc c bt cht vo th n cc, cch u cc khong 0,5 ng knh

cc.

4.7

Cc dm chun c t song song hai bn cc th nghim, cc tr dm c chn

cht xung t. Chuyn v k c lp i xng hai bn u cc v c gn n nh ln
cc dm chun, chn ca chuyn v k c ta ln dng c kp u cc hoc tm m
u cc (hoc c th lp ngc li).
Ghi ch:
1) Chn ca chuyn v k nn ta trn mt phng nhn, tt nht l dng cc tm
knh nh;
2) Khi dng thit b in, in quang o chuyn v u cc, b phn thu nhn
c gn cht vo thn cc hoc dng c kp u cc.

4.8

Khong cch lp dng thit b c quy nh nh sau :

a) T cc th nghim n im gn nht ca cc gi k: 3D nhng trong mi trng
hp khng nh hn 1,5m;
b) T cc th nghim n cc gi dm chun: 1,5m;
c) T mc chun n cc th nghim v gi k gin cht ti: 5D nhng trong mi
trng hp khng nh hn 2,5m.
Ghi ch: D l chiu rng tit din cc hoc ng knh cc.

5. Quy trnh gia ti

5.1

Trc kh i th nghim chnh thc, tin hnh gia ti trc nhm kim tra hot ng ca thit
b th nghim v to tip xc tt gia thit b v u cc. Gia ti trc c tin hnh bng
cch tc dng ln u cc khong 5% ti trng thit k sau gim ti v 0, th eo di hot
ng ca thit b th nghim. Thi gian gia ti v thi gian gi ti cp 0 khong 10 pht.

5.2

Th nghim c thc hin theo quy trnh gia ti v gim ti tng cp, tnh bng (%) ti
trng thit k. Cp ti mi ch c tng hoc gim khi c huyn v ( ln) hoc phc
hi u cc t n nh quy c hoc thi gian quy nh.

5.3

Quy trnh gia ti c thc hin nh Bng 1:

Bng 1: Quy trnh th nghim

Ti trng
(% ti
trng th
nghim
ln nht)
12,5

25

37,5

n khi tc ln u cc khng qu 0,25 mm/h (nhng khng

qu 2 gi)

50

6 gi

25

30 pht

2 gi

12,5

30 pht

25

30 pht

37,5

30 pht

50

n khi tc ln u cc khng qu 0,25 mm/h (nhng khng

qu 2 gi)

10

62,5

n khi tc ln u cc khng qu 0,25 mm/h (nhng khng

qu 2 gi)

11

75

n khi tc ln u cc khng qu 0,25 mm/h (nhng khng

qu 2 gi)

12

87,5

n khi tc ln u cc khng qu 0,25 mm/h (nhng khng

qu 2 gi)

13

100

n khi tc ln u cc khng qu 0,25 mm/h hoc 24 gi (ly

thi gian no lu hn)

14

75

30 pht

15

50

30 pht

16

25

30 pht

17

2 gi

TT

Chu k

Chu k 1

Chu k 2

Thi gian gi ti

n khi tc ln u cc khng qu 0,25 mm/h (nhng khng

qu 2 gi)

Ghi ch: ti trng th nghim ln nht ca cc cc th Pmax c nu mc 1.5.

5.4

Cc gi tr thi gian, ti trng v chuyn v u cc cn phi o c v ghi chp ngay sau

khi tng hoc gim ti v theo khong thi gian nh quy nh bng 2.

Bng 2: Thi gian theo di ln v ghi c hp s liu

Thi gian theo di v c s liu

Cp ti trng

Khng qu 10 pht mt ln cho 30 pht u

Cp gia ti

Khng qu 15 pht mt ln cho 30 pht sau

Khng qu 1h mt ln cho 10 gi tip theo
Khng qu 2h mt ln cho > 12 gi sau cng
Khng qu 10 pht mt ln cho 30 pht u

Cp gia ti li v cp gim ti

Khng qu 15 pht mt ln cho 30 pht sau

Khng qu 1 gi mt ln cho thi gian > 1 gi

5.5

Tc chuyn v u cc t gi tr sau y c xem l n nh quy c:

a) Khng qu 0,25mm/h i vi cc chng vo lp t hn ln, t ct, t st t do
n cng.
b) Khng qu 0,1mm/h i vi cc ma st trong t st do mm n do chy.

5.6 Ti trng th nghim ln nht c ly theo mc 1.5.

5.7

Theo di v x l mt s trng hp c th xy ra tro ng qu trnh gia ti:

a) Tr s cp gia ti c th c tng cc cp u nu xt thy cc ln khng ng k
hoc c gim khi gia ti gn n ti trng ph hoi.
b) Trng hp cc c du hiu b ph hoi di cp ti trng ln nht theo d kin th c
th gim v cp ti trng trc v gi ti nh quy nh.

5.8

Tin hnh v biu quan h ti trng chuyn v v chuyn v thi gian ca tng cp
ti theo di din bin qu trnh th nghim.

5.9

Trong thi gian th nghim, phi thng xuyn quan st v theo di tnh trng cc th
nghim, chuyn dch ca dn cht ti v.v kp thi c bin php x l.

5.10

Cc th nghim c xem l b ph hoi khi :

a) Tng chuyn v u cc vt qu 10% chiu rng tit din cc hoc ng knh cc.
b) Vt liu cc b ph hoi.

5.11 Th nghim c xem l kt thc khi t mc tiu th nghim theo cng.

5.12 Th nghim phi tm dng nu pht hin thy cc hin tng sau y :
a) Cc mc chun t sai, khng n nh hoc b ph hng;
b) Kch hoc thit b o khng hot ng hoc khng chnh xc;
c) H phn lc khng n nh.
Vic th nghim c th c tip tc sau khi x l, khc phc.
5.13 Th nghim b hy b nu pht hin thy:
Cc b nn trc khi gia ti;
Cc tnh trng nu iu 5.12 khng th khc phc c.

6. X l v trnh by kt qu th nghim
6.1

Cc s liu th nghim c phn tch, x l v a vo dng bng nh quy nh trong

ph lc km theo, bao gm:
a) Bng s liu th nghim;
b) Bng tng hp kt qu th nghim.

6.2

T cc s liu th nghim, thnh l p cc biu quan h sau y:

a) Biu quan h ti trng chuyn v;
b) Biu quan h chuyn v thi gian ca cc cp ti;
c) Biu quan h ti trng thi gian;
d) Biu quan h chuyn v ti trng thi gian.

6.3

Sc chu ti cho php ca cc n c xc nh bng sc chu ti gii hn chia cho h

s an ton (h s an ton s do thit k quyt nh sau khi c kt qu th ti tnh cho cc).

7. Bo co kt qu th nghim
7.1

Nhng vn chung
a) c im cng trnh;
b) a im hin trng th nghim;
c) Hnh nh thi cng.

7.2

c im cc th nghim:
a) S hiu, v tr cc;
b) Thit b v phng php thi cng cc;
c) Loi cc;
d) Vt liu cc;
e) Kch thc cc (chiu di, chiu rng);
f)

Cao u cc, cao mi cc;

g) c im ct thp;
h) Kt qu kim tra cng mu b tng;

7.3

i)

Ti trng thit k ca cc;

j)

Ti trng th nghim v chuyn v ln nht theo d kin.

S th nghim v thit b:
a) Ngy th nghim;
b) S lng cc th nghim;
c) M t s b thit b th nghim;
d) S b tr cc th nghim v h thng thit b th nghim;
e) S b tr h o c, quan trc;
f)

Cc chng ch kim nh thit b th nghim

7.4

Quy trnh th nghim:

a) Chu k th nghim;
b) Quy trnh tng ti, gim ti;
c) Biu theo di, ghi chp s liu th nghim ti hin trng.

7.5

Biu din kt qu th nghim.

7.6

Kt lun, kin ngh v kt qu th nghim.

8. Cng tc an ton
Ngoi vic tun th ni quy an ton lao ng trong xy dng, cn phi chp hnh cc quy
nh sau y trong th nghim:
8.1

Ngi khng c trch nhim khng c vo khu vc th nghim.

8.2

Cc ph liu, gch v, bn nho, du m v.v trn hin trng th nghim phi c dn

sch s.

8.2

Phi c bin php bo v thit b, my mc th nghim khi ma gi, nng nng.

8.3

Kch, bm v h thng ng ng thy lc, h thng van, u ni cn c nh k kim

tra v v sinh sch s. Thay th kp thi cc b phn b h hng.

8.4

Vic lp t v tho d i trng cn c thc hin vi bin php an ton thch hp.

8.5

D b cc gi v dn sch khu vc th nghim m bo an ton mt bng thi

cng.

8.6

Sau khi kt thc th nghim, ton b cc thit b th nghim cn c tho d, vn chuyn

khi hin trng v c bo dng cn thn.

9. Cc ghi ch khc
9.1 Nu th ti vi n on cc th s lng cc c chun b l (n+1) hoc (n+2) on cc.
9.2 Phi cng thm on cc ko di ln trn mt t 20 cm t ng h chuyn v. Nu
trc khi p, thy cc b nt nh th phi bm keo MBT. Nt nhiu hoc cong vnh phi
loi b.
9.3. Phi d phng s cc b loi b do nt khi p. Nht thit khng c th nghim vi cc
xut hin nt khi p v kt qu s khng cn trung thc.
9.4 Phi d phng s ni thm cc nu p ng chiu di thit k nhng vn khng ti
trng yu cu ca thit k. V vy, i vi cc p th, hai u cc u phi t mt bch
ni c cc. Cc th nghim phi chu lc ln hn cc p i tr nn c n lu v cu
to cho ph hp.

10

PH LC
Mu ghi chp s liu th nghim

Tn cng trnh:

S hiu cc: ...

a im: ..

Kch thc cc:

Ngy th nghim: .

Chiu di cc: ...

Ngi th nghim: .

Ti trng th nghim Max: ..

Ngi kim tra:

Phng php gia ti: ..

% ti trng th nghim
ln nht (%)

T i th nghim (T)

ng h No.1

ng h No.2

ng h No.3

ng h No.4

Chuyn v S1

Chuyn v S2

Chuyn v S3

Chuyn v S4

Chuyn v trung bnh

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

Ghi ch

Th i gian theo di

ln u cc (mm)

Thi gian th nghim

S c chuyn v k

Ngy th ghim

Ti trng
TN

(15)

Ghi ch:
(1) : Ngy, thng th nghim
(2) : Thi gian th nghim (thi gian bt u gia ti v gim ti)
(3) : Thi gian c s liu
(4) : Phn trm ti trng thit k (tnh bng %)
(5) : Ti trng th nghim (tnh bng Tn)
(6) , (7), (8), (9): S c trn chuyn v k (ng h o ln)
(10), (11), (12), (13): Chuyn v u cc tnh t chuyn v k
(14): Chuyn v u cc trung bnh
(15): Ghi ch nhng hin tng, s c v cc quan st pht hin trong qu trnh th
nghim

11

Bng tng hp kt qu th nghim

Chu k th
nghim

Ti th nghim
(Tn)

Thi gian gi ti
(gi, pht)

12

Chuyn v u
cc (mm)

Ghi ch