Chapter 4 - Energy Balance for Open Systems

Reading Assignment: Chapter 4.1-4.10, 4.12

Key Ideas:
(1)

The steady flow open system

(2)

The generalized mass balance

Simplification for closed systems
Simplification for steady flow open systems

(3)

The generalized energy balance

Flow power
Definition of enthalpy
Simplification for closed systems
Simplification for steady flow open systems

(4)

Applications of the energy balance to steady flow open systems

turbines
valves
heat exchangers
nozzles
compressors

(5)

Applications to transient systems

Thermodynamics
Homework #4

1.

Refrigerant 22 enters the valve of a refrigeration system with a pressure of

14 bars and a temperature of 32C and exits at a pressure of 4 bars.
Neglecting heat transfer and any changes in potential and kinetic energy,
determine the quality of the refrigerant at the exit of the valve.

2.

4.74 in text. Find the rate of heat flow from one stream to the other as well.

3.

4.31 in text

4.

4.42 in text. Also, make the calculation assuming that kinetic energy effects
could be neglected. How much is the answer different?

5.

4.85 in text.

6.

4.50 in text

7.

4.59 in text

Extra practice problems for which the answers are available:

4.19, 4.47, 4.60, 4.87, 4.90

Homework Set #4
(1)

x = 0.22

(2)

mass rate = 9.1 x 106 kg/hr

heat rate = 7.6 x 108 kJ/hr

(3)

V2 = 600.8 m/s

(4)

6927.4 kW

(5)

120 kg/min

(6)

mass rate = 17.4 kg/s

(7)

-15.7 kW

A1 = 22.5 cm2

A2 = 7.1 cm2

6975.2 kW with KE effects neglected (.7% diff))

total power = 17,565 kW

heat rate = 3819 kW