Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MSSV:11141248
14.9/H thng MIMO a ngi dung
H thng vi nhiu anten my pht hoc my thu c gi l h thng a ngi
dng MIMO. Nhng ng-ten c th nng cao hiu sut theo nhiu cch. Cc ng-ten c
th s dng tng hiu sut BER theo nhiu cch. Cc vng cng sut ca knh a
ngi dng c tng ln bi h thng MIMO. Cui cng, nhng ng-ten c th nh
hng cho ngi s dng khng gian ring bit, lm gim nhiu.
li ghp knh ca h thng MIMO multiuser c trng cho s gia tng ng
ln hoc ng xung kt hp vi vic thm nhiu ng-ten. Cc khu vc cng sut ca
cc knh MIMO a ngi dng c nghin cu rng ri, thc y bi s tng cng
sut ln kt hp vi h thng ngi dng n. i vi cc knh AWGN,khu vc cng
sut MIMO c bit n vi c hai ng ln v ng xung. Nhng kt qu ny c
th c m rng tm cc vng cng sut MIMO tt c cc my pht v my thu.
Kt qu cng sut v cc vn lin quan n m knh MIMO a ngi dng phi theo
cc gi nh khc v knh CSI.
Chng 14:Ccvn
1. Cho mt h thng FDMA ,ngi s dng d liu a phng tin. nh dng kiu iu
ch cn 10 MHz quang ph, v cc bng bo v ca 1 MHz c yu cu trn mi bn
ca quang ph c phn b gim thiu out-of-band nhiu. Tnh bang thng c yu
cu h tr 100 ngi dng ng thi trong h thng ny?
2. H thng GSM c bng thng 25 MHz c phn b cho uplink v downlink, c
chia thnh 125 knh TDMA vi 8 khe thi gian s dng cho mi knh. Mt khung GSM
bao gm 8 khe thi gian, preceeded bi mt tp hp cc bit m u v theo sau l mt b
cc bit ng mn. Mi khe thi gian bao gm 3 bit bt u ngay t u, theo sau l mt
bng n ca 58 bit d liu, sau bit o to 26 b cn bng, mt s bng n ca 58 bit
d liu, 3 bit dng li, v mt bo v thi gian tng ng vi 8,25 bit d liu. Tc
truyn l 270,833 Kbps.
(a) V cu trc ca khung GSM v mt timeslot trong khung.
(b) Tm phn ca bit d liu trong mt khe thi gian, v tc d liu thng tin cho mi
ngi dng.
(c) Tm thi gian ca mt khung hnh v tr gia cc khe thi gian c gn cho mt
ngi dng c a ra trong mt khung hnh, b qua thi hn ca li m u v ng
mn bit.
(d) S tr hon ti a ly lan trong knh l g nh vy m cc bng bo v v ngn chn
bit ngn chn s chng cho gia cc khe thi gian.
3. Hy xem xt mt h thng DS CDMA chim 10 MHz ph tn. Gi s mt h thng
nhiu hn ch vi mc tng ly lan G = 100 v s tng quan cho c t l 1 / G.
(a) i vi MAC, Tm cng thc cho SIR ca tn hiu nhn c l mt chc nng ca
Gand s ngi dng K. Gi s rng tt c ngi dng truyn d liu vi sc mnh tng
t v c iu khin cng sut hon ho, v vy tt c ngi dng c cng nhn c sc
mnh.
(b) Cn c vo cng thc SIR ca bn trong phn (a), tm s lng ti a ngi dng K
c th c h tr trong h thng, gi s iu ch BPSK vi mt BER mc tiu 10 -3.
Trong tnh ton BER ca bn, bn c th iu tr nhiu nh AWGN. Lm th no thc
hin iu ny so snh vi s lng ti a ca ngi s dng K rng mt h thng vi
tng bng thng v thng tin tn hiu bng thng cng FDMA c th h tr?
(c) Sa i cng thc SIR ca bn trong phn (a) bao gm cc tc ng ca hot ng
bng ging ni, nh ngha l t l phn trm thi gian m ngi dng ang ni, v vy
nhiu c nhn vi t l phn trm ny. Cng tm thy nhng yu t hot ng bng
ging ni nh vy m cc h thng CDMA cha cng mt s ngi dng nh mt h
thng FDMA. y c phi l mt gi tr hp l cho hot ng bng ging ni?
4. Cho mt h thng FH CDMA s dng iu ch FSK v c bng thng nh h thng
DS CDMA trong cc bi trc y. Nh vy, c G = 100 khe tn s trong h thng, mi
bng thng 100 KHz. Cc m nhy l ngu nhin v phn b ng u, v vy xc sut
m mt ngi dng chim mt khe tn s cho trc trn bt k hop l 0,01. Nh trong
cc vn trc y, ting n ch yu l khng ng k, v vy xc sut li trn mt hop
c bit nu ch c mt ngi s dng chim rng hop l s khng. Gi nh iu khin
cng sut hon ho, v vy sc mnh nhn c t tt c ngi dng l nh nhau.
(a) Tm mt biu thc cho xc sut ca bit khi mi ngi dng cng mt vng tn s.
(b) Gi s c tng s ca ngi s dng K trong h thng. Tnh xc sut m trn bt k
c nhiu hn mt ngi s dng chim gi cng mt tn s l g?
(c) Tm mt biu thc cho xc sut trung bnh ca li bit nh l mt chc nng OFK,
tng s ngi dng trong h thng.
15.1 H thng di ng c bn
Nhng tin c bn ng sau h thng di ng l li dng s suy gim nng
lng vi khong cch truyn tn hiu ti s dng cng mt knh ti cc v tr khng
gian ring bit. C th, trong h thng di ng mt vng khng gian nht nh (ging
nh mt thnh ph) c chia thnh cc t bo khng chng ln, c th hin trong
hnh 15.1. Cc chiu truyn tn hiu ca h thng c phn knh bng mt trong nhng
k thut trc giao hoc khng trc giao c trnh by trong Chng 14.2.
Chng ta s tp trung phn ln vo TDMA v FDMA cho knh trc giao v
CDMA cho knh khng trc giao. Nhng knh khc nhau c gn cho cc t bo
khc nhau, vi cc knh c s dng li ti cc v tr khng gian tch bit. Ti s dng
cc knh ny c gi l ti s dng tn s knh. Cc t bo c thit lp cng mt
knh, c gi l ng knh, cn c c khong cch xa ngoi can thip gia
ngi s dng trong cc ng knh khng lm suy gim cht lng tn hiu di mc
chp nhn c. Khong cch cn thit ph thuc vo k thut chun ha knh, cc c
tnh truyn sng tn hiu, v hiu sut ngi dng mong mun.
Pr: l cng sut tn hiu nhn, PI l cng sut nhn gn vi nhiu intracell v
nhiu intercell. Trong h thng CDMA PI l cng sut nhiu sau khi dispreading(gii
tri ph). Chng ta thng tnh BER ca mt in thoi di ng da trn SINR thay cho
SNR, mc d l khng hon ton chnh xc .
Mt intercell ln hn can thip lm gim SINR, v do lm tng ngi s dng
BER. Intercell can thip c th c gi mc nh bi cc t bo ring bit hot ng
trn cng mt knh trong mt khong cch ln. Tuy nhin, s ngi s dng trong mt
h thng c ti u ha bng cch ti s dng tn s cng nhiu cng tt. V vy, vic
thit k ni t h thng di ng tt nht ngi dng chia s cng mt knh ti mt
khong cch ring bit bit m s can thip intercell ch di ngng chu ng ti a
cho tc d liu cn thit v BER. Thit k tt h thng di ng gip hn ch nhiu.
Ting n thng b b qun trong vic nghin cu cc h thng ny. Trong trng hp
ny SINR lm gim t l cng sut tn hiu trn nhiu (SIR) c nh ngha l SIR = Pr
/ PI. Trong cc h thng hn ch nhiu, k t khi BER ca ngi s dng c xc nh
bi SIR, s ngi dng c th b hn ch cung cp bi s can thip m chng gy ra cho
ngi dng khc. K thut gim nhiu, chng hn nh nhiu k thut ng ten hoc pht
hin a ngi dng, tng SIR v do lm tng s lng ngi dng h thng c th
phc v cho mt ch BER cho trc. Lu rng cc yu cu SIR hoc BER l kh r
rng cho cc ng dng lin tc nh ging ni. Tuy nhin, quy hoch h thng phc tp
hn cho cc ng dng d liu do s bng pht ca truyn.
Kch thc t bo l mt s la chn quan trng trong thit k h thng di ng.
Chng ta c th tng s lng ngi dng c cung cp trong mt h thng nht nh
bng cch thu nh kch thc ca mt t bo, min l tt c cc kha cnh ca quy m h
thng cc SINR ca mi ngi dng vn gi nguyn. c bit, khi xem xt cc t
bo ln v t bo nh th hin trong hnh 15.2. Gi s cc t bo ln trong con s ny
i din cho mt t bo trong mt h thng di ng trong mi cha ngi dng K.
Nu kch thc t bo c thu nh kch thc t bo nh th hin trong hnh 15.2,
thng thng bng cch gim truyn ti in nng, v tt c mi th trong quy m h
thng (bao gm c l tuyn truyn) cc SINR trong cc t bo nh l ging nh trong
cc t bo gc ln , sau t bo nh hn ny cng c th phc v ngi s dng. V c
19 t bo nh trong 1 t bo ln, h thng mi vi cc t bo nh c th cha 19K ngi