thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 2, 2013 M BM.2.

13

DIN N BOXMATH

THI TH I HC MN HA HC
LN 2, NM 2012-2013
Thi gian lm bi: 90 pht

www.boxmath.vn

( thi gm 50 Cu)

M thi: BM.2.13
thi c cng b trn din n vo lc 20h. Cc thnh vin c th gi bi lm ca mnh c
chm im trc 23h59 cng ngy bng cch in p n vo mu sau: http://bit.ly/Rkn0mH
Boxmath s m ch tho lun cc cu hi trong thi sau khi thi hn gi bi kt thc.
p n chi tit s c cng b trong tun k tip.
P N CHNH THC
Cu 1. Ha tan mt hn hp bt kim loi c cha 5,6 gam Fe v 6,4 gam Cu vo 350 ml dung dch AgNO3
2M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, khi lng cht rn thu c l:
A. 21,6 gam.
B. 43,2 gam.
C. 54,0 gam.
D. 75,6 gam.
Gii.
C 0,1 mol Fe, 0,1 mol Cu v 0,7 mol AgNO3. Ta c 0,1.3 + 0,1.2 < 0,7, nn phn ng s to st 3 v d
AgNO3. Khi lng cht rn: (0,1.3 + 0,1.2).108 = 54 gam.
Cu 2. Nguyn nhn no sau y gy ra tnh baz cho amin?
A. Do phn t amin b phn cc.
B. Do amin d tan trong nc.
C. Do amin c kh nng tc dng vi axit.
D. Do nguyn t nit cn cp electron t do.
Gii.
Cu 3. Cho 10 ml dung dch ancol etylic 46o phn ng ht vi kim loi Na (d), thu c V lt kh H2
(ktc). Bit khi lng ring ca ancol etylic nguyn cht bng 0,8 g/ml. Gi tr ca V l:
A. 0,896
B. 3,36
C. 4,256
D. 2,128
Gii.
46.10.0,8
Ta c: nC2 H 5OH
0, 08(mol ) ; VH 2O 10 4, 6 5, 4(ml ) nH 2O 0,3(mol )
46.100
* C2 H 5OH Na C2 H 5ONa 12 H 2
0,08
0,04
1
* Na H 2O NaOH 2 H 2
0,3
0,15
VH 2 4, 256(l )
Cu 4. Trn 0,81g bt Al vi 3,2g Fe2O3 v 8g CuO ri tin hnh phn ng nhit nhm thu c hn hp
A. Hon tan hon ton A trong dung dch HNO3 thu c V lt (kc) hn hp kh X gm NO v NO2 c t
l s mol tng ng l 1:3. Gi tr ca V l:
A. 1,120
B. 0,896
C. 1,344
D. 0,672
Gii
So snh trng thi cc nguyn t Fe, Al, Cu u v cui, ta thy ch c Al thay i s oxi ha. S mol e trao
i l ne = 0,09 (mol)
t s mol NO, NO2 ln lt l a,b

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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 2, 2013 M BM.2.13

3a b
a 0, 015
Ta c h

3a b 0, 09
b 0, 045
Suy ra V (0, 015 0, 045).22, 4 1,344 (lt)
Cu 5. Cho cc cp cht sau: (1) Fe2O3 + C; (2) CO + Cl2 ; (3) F2 + O2; (4) O2 + Ag; (5) C + Cl2 ; (6) Al +
N2; (7) NH3 + CuO; (8) P + K2Cr2O7; (9) FeCl2 (dd) + H2S (k). S cp cht c th phn ng vi nhau (cho
iu kin nhit , p sut v xc tc c ) l:
A. 4
B. 7
C. 5
D. 6
Gii.
Cc phn ng (1)(6)(7)(8) qu r rng.
V phn ng (2), Khi c than hot tnh lm xc tc, CO kt hp c vi clo: CO + Cl2 COCl2
(photgen) (SGK Ha hc 11 NC, tr. 83)
Phn ng (3), O2 khng phn ng trc tip vi F2 hay halogen ni chung (SGK Ha hc 10 NC, tr. 159)
Phn ng (4), trong chng trnh hc, chng xem O2 khng phn ng vi Ag iu kin thng.
Phn ng (5), theo SGK Ha hc 11 NC, tr. 79, C khng tc dng trc tip vi halogen.
Cu 6. Hp cht hu c M mch h. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol M cn dng va 12,32 lt O2 (ktc),
sinh ra 8,96 lt CO2 (ktc) v 7,2 gam H2O. Bit rng M khng phn ng vi Na. S cng thc cu to tho
mn iu kin trn ca M l:
A. 6
B. 7
C. 9
D. 8
Gii.
Ta c n(O2) = 0,55 (mol); n(CO2) = n(H2O) = 0,4 (mol) M c dng CnH2nOx (x 0)
nCO2
n
4
0,1
Theo nh lut bo ton nguyn t:
nO = 0,1x + 2.0,55 = 2.0,4 + 0,4 x = 1 (C4H8O)
M khng phn ng vi Na M khng cha nhm OH
Suy ra: Cng thc cu to tho mn iu kin trn ca M l
CH3-CH2-CH2-CHO ; CH3-CH(CH3)-CHO ; CH3-CH2-CO-CH3 ; CH3-CH2-O-CH=CH2 ;
CH3-CH=CH-O-CH3 (cis-, trans-) ; CH2=CH-CH2-O-CH3 ; CH2=C(CH3)-O-CH3.
Cu 7. Trong cng thc cu to sau : CH3-CH=CH2 . Th t lai ha ca nguyn t C t tri sang phi l:
A. sp3 , sp2 , sp2
B. sp , sp2 , sp3
C. sp3 , sp2 , sp
D. sp3 , sp , sp2
Gii.
p n A.
Cu 8. t chy cng s mol, cht hu c no sau y cn nhiu oxi nht?
A. C3H5(OH)3
B. C2H3COOH
C. C2H5NH2
D. HCOOC3H5
Gii.
Vi mi mol cc cht A, B, C, D; s mol O2 cn dng theo th t l: 5,5; 4; 5,5; 6. Chn D.
Cu 9. Cho 3,64 gam hn hp A gm oxit, hiroxit v mui cacbonat trung ha ca mt kim loi M c ha
tr II tc dng va vi 117,6 gam dung dch H2SO4 10%. Sau phn ng thu c 448 ml kh CO2 (ktc)
v dung dch X cha mt mui duy nht. Dung dch X c c nng phn trm v nng mol ln lt l
10,876% v 0,545M. Khi lng ring ca dung dch X l 1,093 g/ml. Tnh % khi lng ca mui
cacbonat trong hn hp A:
A. 63,73%
B. 54,95%
C. 46,15%
D. Khng tn ti M
Gii.
* Xc nh kim loi M
t s mol ca MO, M(OH)2, MCO3 tng ng l x, y, z.
Nu to mui trung ha ta c cc phn ng
MO + H2SO4
MSO4 + H2O
(1)
M(OH)2 + H2SO4
MSO4 + 2H2O
(2)
MCO3 + H2SO4
MSO4 + H2O + CO2
(3)
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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 2, 2013 M BM.2.13

Nu to mui axt ta c cc phn ng

MO + 2H2SO4
M(HSO4)2 + H2O
(4)
M(OH)2 + 2H2SO4
M(HSO4)2 + 2H2O
(5)
MCO3 + 2H2SO4
M(HSO4)2 + H2O + CO2
(6)
d.C%.10 1, 093.10,876.10
Ta c : M mui

218
CM
0,545
-TH1: Nu mui l MSO4 M + 96 = 218 M=122. (loi)
-TH2: Nu l mui M(HSO4)2 M + 97.2 = 218 M = 24 (Mg)
Vy xy ra cc phn ng (4,5,6) to mui Mg(HSO4)2
*Theo (4), (5), (6) S mol CO2 = 0,448/22,4 = 0,02 mol z = 0,02 (I)
117,6.10%
S mol H2SO4 =
0,12 mol => 2x + 2y + 2z = 0,12
(II)
98
Mt khc
40x + 58y + 84z = 3,64
(III)
Gii h (I), (II), (III) c: x = 0,02; y = 0,02; z = 0,02
%MgCO3 = 84.0,02/3,64 = 46,15%
Cu 10. Cho cc hp cht ca Nit: N2, HNO2, NH4Cl, HNO3. Cng ha tr ca nit trong hp cht no l
ln nht:
A. N2
B. HNO2
C. HNO3
D. NH4Cl v HNO3
Gii.
N2 c cng ha tr 0; HNO2: 3; HNO3: 4; NH4Cl: 4
Vy chn D
Lu : "Ha tr ca mt nguyn t trong hp cht cng ha tr c gi l cng ha tr v bng s lin kt
cng ha tr m nguyn t nguyn t to ra vi cc nguyn t khc trong phn t"
Cu 11. Vi cng thc cu to CH3CH(C2H5)COOH c tn gi l:
A. axit -metylbutiric
B. axit 2-etylpropanoic
C. axit -etylpropionic
Gii.
1

D. axit 2-metylbutiric

CH
Vit li v nh s: C H 3 C H 2 | C OOH
CH 3
Chn p n A.

Cu 12. Khi thy phn hon ton 43,40 gam mt peptit X (mch h) thu c 35,60 gam alanin v 15,00
gam glixin. S cng thc cu to c th c ca peptit X l:
A. 2
B. 4
C. 5
D. 3
Gii.
15, 00
35, 6
nglixin
0, 2mol ; nalanin
0, 4mol
75
89
Peptit X + (x + y 1) H2O x H2NCH2COOH + y H2NCH(CH3)COOH
-BTKL: m H2O 15 + 35,6 43,4 = 7,2g nH 2O 0, 4mol

x+y-1 x
y

x = 1; y = 2
0, 4
0,2 0,4
X l tripeptit gm 2Ala + 1Gly
X c 3 CTCT c th c l: Gly-Ala-Ala ; Ala-Gly-Ala ; Ala-Ala-Gly
H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-COOH
H2N-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-COOH
H2N-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH2-COOH

-T l:

Cu 13. C 5 mu kim loi: Ba, Mg, Fe, Ag, Al. Nu ch dng dung dch H2SO4 long (khng dng thm
bt c cht no khc k c qu tm v nc nguyn cht) c th nhn bit c nhng kim loi no?
A. C 5 kim loi
B. Ba, Ag, Fe
C. Ba v Ag
D. Ba, Ag v Al
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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 2, 2013 M BM.2.13

Gii.
Cu 14. Ha tan ht 53,82 gam mt kim loi M ha tr n vo dung dch HNO3 cha r c hay long thu
c dung dch X v 8,064 lt (ktc) hn hp hai kh c t khi so vi H 2 bng 16,75. C cn X thu c
190,8 gam cht rn khan Z. Hi thnh phn % v khi lng ca nguyn t nit trong cht rn Z bng bao
nhiu?
A. 16,21%
B. 15,85%
C. 16,61 %
D. 13,86%
Gii.
*Xt trng hp hn hp kh ch cha N2 hoc cc oxit ca nit. Phn t khi trung bnh ca hai kh
190,8 53,82
M 33, 5 (1). Ta li c ne nNO
2, 209 ne 6,13 (2). T (1)(2), suy ra ch c 2 trng
3
62
hp: (NO v N2O) hoc (N2 hoc NO2) Th hai trng hp ny, u khng tha mn.
*Vy hn hp kh phi cha H2, v do kh cn li phi l N2O hoc NO2 (do t khi)
Ch duy nht 1 trng hp tha l hn hp kh cha N2O v H 2 .
nN 2O 0, 27 mol ; nH 2 0, 09mol

ne nhn 2,16 0,18 2,34mol

2,34
nM
M 23n n 1 ; M 23( Na )
n
Tht vy:
8 Na 10 HNO3 8 NaNO3 N 2O H 2O
Na H 2O NaOH 1/ 2 H 2
mran 190,8 gam (tha yu cu) %mN = (0,27.8.14.100%)/190,8 = 15,85%
Cu 15. Cho hn hp X gm x mol NaOH v y mol Ba(OH)2 t t vo dung dch cha z mol AlCl3 thy kt
ta xut hin, kt ta tng dn v tan i mt phn. Lc thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l :
A. 78(4z - x - 2y)
B. 78(2z - x - y)
C. 78(4z - x - y)
D. 78(2z - x - 2y)
Gii.
Ban u c (x + 2y) mol OH-, z mol Al3+. V kt ta tan i mt phn nn s mol Al(OH)3 l: 4z x 2y.
Chn p n A.
Cu 16. t chy hon ton 2,96 gam 1 cht hu c X cha C, H, O ri cho sn phm chy vo bnh ng
140 ml dung dch KOH 1M. Sau phn ng ngi ta nhn thy khi lng bnh KOH tng thm 7,76 gam,
ng thi trong bnh xut hin 2 mui c tng khi lng l 14,76 gam. Bit t khi hi ca X so vi hidro
l 74 v X l anhidrit c to bi phn ng oxi ha aren Y bi oxi (xc tc V2O5). Nhn nh no sau y
v Y khng ng?
A. Y khng b oxi ha bi KMnO4.
B. Mt phn t Y c th cng ti a 6 phn t H2.
C. Y khng tan trong nc.
D. Y c th tham gia phn ng th Br2 vi xc tc CH3COOH.
Gii.
D dng tm ra CTPT ca X l C8H4O3, X l anhidrit phtalic. Vy Y l naphtalen, ch cng ti a 5 phn t
H2 to thnh ecalin.
Cu 17. Trong s cc mui : KCl, NH4NO3, CH3COOK, NaHS, Al2(SO4)3, Na2HPO3, BaCO3, NaHSO3. S
mui trung ho l
A. 6.
B. 5.
C.7.
D. 4.
Gii.
C 6 cht c t trn.
Cu 18. Thy phn hon ton 2,475 gam halogenua ca photpho (PX3 hoc PX5), ngi ta thu c hn
hp 2 axit (axit ca photpho vi s oxi ha tng ng v axit khng cha oxi ca halogen). trung ha
hon ton hn hp ny cn dng 45 ml dung dch NaOH 2M. Xc nh cng thc ca halogen .

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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 2, 2013 M BM.2.13

A. Cl

B. Br

C. F

D. Khng tn ti halogen tha mn

Gii.
Halogenua ca photpho c th c cng thc PX3 hoc PX5.
Xt trng hp PX3:
PX3 + 3H2O H3PO3 + 3HX
H3PO3 + 2NaOH Na2HPO3 + 2H2O ( axit H3PO3 l axit hai ln axit)
HX + NaOH NaX + H2O
nNaOH = 2. 0,045 = 0,09 mol
Theo 3 phng trnh trn, trung ha hon ton sn phm thy phn 1 mol PX3 cn 5 mol NaOH;
1
0, 09
nPX 3 .nNaOH
0, 018 mol
5
5
Khi lng mol phn t PX3: MPX3 = 2,475/0,018 = 137,5
Suy ra X = (137,5 31): 3 = 35,5 X l Cl. Cng thc PCl3
Xt trng hp PX5:
PX5 + 4H2O H3PO4 + 5HX
H3PO4 + 3NaOH Na3PO4 + 3H2O
HX + NaOH NaX + H2O
trung ha hon ton sn phm thy phn 1 mol PX5 cn 8 mol NaOH;
1
0, 09
nPX 5 .nNaOH
0, 01125 mol
8
8
Khi lng mol phn t PX5: MPX5 = 2,475/0,01125 = 220
Suy ra X = (220 31): 5 = 37,8 khng ng vi halogen no.
Cu 19. Dung dch X cha cc ion: Ca 2 , Na , HCO3 v Cl , trong s mol ca Cl l 0,1 mol. Cho

1
2

1
dung dch X tc dng vi Ca(OH ) 2
2
d thu c 3g kt ta. Mt khc nu un si n cn dung dich X th thu c m g cht rn khan. Gi tr
ca m l
A. 6,99g
B. 8,79g
C. 10,77g
D. 7,47g
Gii.
T phn ng vi Ca(OH)2 suy ra: nHCO 0, 03mol .
dung dch X phn ng vi NaOH (d) thu c 2g kt ta. Cho

Xt phn ng vi NaOH, n nCaCO3 0, 02(mol ) nHCO . Vy nCa2 0, 02mol

3

Ca 0, 04mol

HCO3 : 0, 06mol

Vy trong X gm:
Cl : 0,1mol

Na : 0, 06 0,1 0, 04.2 0, 08mol

Khi c cn dung dch:
2HCO3 CO32 CO2 H 2O
Vy m 0, 04.40 0, 03.60 0,1.35,5 0, 08.23 8, 79g
Cu 20. Cho cc axit sau: H2CO3 (1), HClO (2), HBrO (3), HCOOH (4). Th t tng dn v tnh axit ca
cc axit ny l:
A. (1) < (4) < (2) < (3)
B. (1) < (4) < (3) < (2)
C. (3) < (2) < (1) < (4)
D. (2) < (3) < (4) < (1)
Gii.
*So snh HclO v HclO ta thy rng m in ca Cl ln hn Br , do lin kt O-H HClO s yu
hn HBrO, suy ra tnh axit ca HClO ln hn HBrO
*Tnh axit ca H 2CO3 ln hn HClO . Ta c phng trnh sau:
NaClO CO2 H 2O Na2CO3 HClO
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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 2, 2013 M BM.2.13

*Tnh axit ca ca HCOOH ln hn H 2CO3 . Ta c phng trnh sau:

Na2CO3 HOOH HCOONa CO2 H 2O
Vy (2) (3) (1) (4) C
Cu 21. Cho cc phn ng sau:
o

t
(1) NH4Cl

(2) F2 + H2O

(3) O3 + dd KI

t
(5) NH3 + CuO

(6) Ag + O3
S phn ng to ra n cht l:
A. 5
B. 6

t
(4) KMnO4

t
(7) CuNO3

t
(8) AgNO3

C. 8

D. 7

Gii.
Cu 22. Cho t bo n v ( mng c s) lp phng tm din ca tinh th
kim loi X (hnh bn), c cnh a = 3,62.10-8 cm v khi lng ring ca X
bng 8920 kg/m3. Nguyn t X l:
A. Cu
B. Fe
C. Cr
D. Ca
Gii.
Li gii ca bn dzitxiem
1
nguyn t; c 6 mt,
8
1
1
1
mi mt cha
nguyn t. Vy th xt 1 c s ca mng lp phng tm din c 8 6 4 nguyn
2
8
2
t.
Quay li bi ton, ta tnh th tch ca c s nh sau : V a 3 4, 7438.1023 cm3
Khi lng ca c s chnh bng khi lng ca 4 nguyn t X v n c tnh gin tip qua khi lng
ring: m dV 8,92 g.cm 3 4, 7438.1023 cm3 4, 2315.1022 g.
m
Do , khi lng ca 1 nguyn t KL l m 1, 0579.1022 g .
4
Vy khi lng mol (gam) ca KL cn tm l M 1, 0579.1022 6, 022.1023 63, 7 g / mol .

Ta bit rng mi c s ca mng lp phng tm din c 8 nh, mi nh cha

Suy ra l Cu. Chn A.

Cu 23. Xt h cn bng sau: C (r ) CO2 (k ) 2CO(k ) . Thc hin phn ng trn trong bnh c dung tch 1
lt toC, vi s mol C, CO2 ban u ln lt l 1 mol v 2 mol, th n trng thi cn bng thu c 1,2 mol
CO. Nu thc hin phn ng trn vi 2 mol C v 3 mol CO2 th iu kin nh trn n trng thi cn bng
th thu c 2x mol CO. Hiu sut ca phn ng th 2 l:
A. 53,60%
B. 37,95%
C. 25,30%
D. 35,73%
Gii.
2
1, 2
36

T phn ng u tnh c KC
1, 4 35
trng thi cn bng ca phn ng th 2 c: (2 x) mol C, (3 x) mol CO2 v 2x mol CO.
n
(2 x)2 36
0, 759
KC

x 0, 759 . Suy ra H C (phan ung)

.100% 37, 95%
(3 x ) 35
nC
2
Cu 24. Nh t t 100 ml dung dch hn hp Na2CO3 1,2M v NaHCO3 0,6 M vo 200 ml dung dch HCl
1 M thu dung dch X. Cho X vi nc vi d thu kt ta:
A. 10g
B. 8g
C. 12g
D. 6g
Gii.
nCO2 0,12mol ; nHCO 0, 06mol ; nH 0, 2mol ;
3

HCO H CO2 H 2O
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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 2, 2013 M BM.2.13

CO32 2 H CO2 H 2O

T l nCO 2 : nHCO 2 :1
3

V phn ng xy ra ng thi nn t l mol phn ng bng t mol ban u cng nh t l mol d

Gi x l s mol HCO3 phn ng nCO2 p 2 x(mol )
3

x 4 x 0, 2 x 0, 04mol
nHCO d 0, 02mol ; nCO2 d 0, 04mol
3

nCaCO3 0, 06mol m 6, 0 gam

Cu 25. Trong cc kim loi Fe, Sn, Sr, Li, Mg, Na; s kim loi phn ng c vi nc trong iu kin
thng l:
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
Gii.
Sr, Li, Mg, Na l cc kim loi kim hoc kim th. Chng phn ng vi nc vi mc tng dn khi i t
trn xung trong nhm IA, IIA ca bng tun hon. Mg phn ng rt chm vi nc. Sr tc dng mnh vi
nc.
Cu 26. Cho 5,52 gam mt ancol n chc X phn ng vi CuO nung nng, thu c 7,44 gam hn hp Y
gm anehit, nc v ancol d. Cho ton b Y phn ng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, un
nng, kt thc phn ng sinh ra m gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 51,84 gam
B. 25,92 gam
C. 38,88 gam
D. 12,96 gam
Gii.
to
RCH2OH + CuO
RCHO + Cu + H2O
x
x
x
x
m = mY - mX = 16x = 7,44 - 5,52 = 1,92 x = 0,12 mol
5,52
MX
46( gam / mol ) M ancol 32(CH 3OH )
0,12
HCHO + 4[Ag(NH3)2]OH (NH4)2CO3 + 6NH3 + 2H2O + 4Ag
0,12
0,48
mAg = 108.0,48 = 51,84 gam
Cu 27. Chn pht biu ng v cht bo:
A. Cht bo l trieste ca glixerol vi cc axit monocacboxylic c s chn nguyn t cacbon, mch
cacbon di khng phn nhnh.
B. Cht bo bao gm sp, streroit, photpholipit.
C. Du m b i do phn ng oxi ha cc gc axit bo khng no.
D. Phn ng thy phn cht bo trong mi trng kim l phn ng thun nghch.
Gii.
Cu 28. Cho hn hp Zn v Al (c tng s mol l x) tan hon hon trong dung dch cha y mol HNO3 (x:y
= 8:21) thu c mt hp cht kh (sn phm kh duy nht) v dung dch ch cha mui nitrat. S mol e do
lng kim loi trn nhng khi b ha tan l:
A. 2,1x
B. 0,75y
C. y
D. 0,833y
Gii.
C th gi s x = 8, y = 21. Gi k l s mol electron m HNO3 nhn to ra 1 mol nguyn t N trong kh
sn phm kh. Mt khc sn phm kh l hp cht khc N2. Nh vy, k c th nhn cc gi tr 1, 3, 4 tng
ng vi cc sn phm kh NO2, NO, N2O. (1)
2a 3b
Bo ton e suy ra, s mol N trong sn phm kh l: nN 5k
k
(trong a, b ln lt l s mol Zn v Al)

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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 2, 2013 M BM.2.13

a b 8
21k

Bo ton nguyn t Fe, N ta c

16
k 3, 2 (2)
2a 3b
k

1
2
a

3
b

21

k
4
T (1) v (2) suy ra: k = 4, tng s mol e trao i l: 2a 3b 21. 16,8 0,8 y 2,1x
5
Cu 29. Cho 6 cht sau: axit -aminocaproic, phenol, etylen glicol, caprolactam, stiren, fomandehit. S cht
c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng ngng to polime l:
A. 4
B. 3
C. 6
D. 5
Gii.
Cu 30. Cho hn hp X gm hai cht C3 H 6 , C4 H8 vo dung dch Br2 th thy dung dch b nht mu v
thy mt cht kh thot ra. Mt khc dn hn hp trn qua dung dch thuc tm iu kin thng, thy
dung dich trn khng b nht. Hai hidrocacbon l
A. Propen v But-2-en
B. Propen v xiclobutan
C. Xiclopropan v Metylxiclopropan
D. Xiclopropan v Xiclobutan
Gii.
Ta c C3 H 6 , C4 H8 c th l anken hoc vng no
Theo bi, C3 H 6 , C4 H8 + dung dch Br2 dung dch mt mu v c kh thot ra
*C mt cht tc dng vi Br2 , cht c th l vng no 3 cnh hoc l anken.
*Cht cn li khng tc dng vi Br2 th cht l vng 4 cnh

C3 H 6 , C4 H8 + dung dch KMnO4 dd khng mt mu Hai cht l Xicloankan

Vy chn p n D.
Cu 31. Nhin liu c coi l sch, t gy nhim mi trng hn c l
A. ci g, than cc
B. than , xng, du
C. kh thin nhin
Gii.

D. xng, du

Cu 32. Trn CuO vi 1 oxit kim loi M ha tr II theo t l mol 1:2 c hn hp A. Cho kh H2 d qua
2,4g A n hn hp B, ha tan B cn 0,1 mol HNO3 ch to kh NO. Kim loi M l:
A. Mg
B. Ca
C. Fe
D. Cr
Gii.
Xt 2 TH
B gm Cu v MO (vi M l kim loi c oxit khng b H2 kh ). Ch c Cu phn ng vi HNO3 nn s
mol Cu l: nCu = 0,015
Suy ra 0, 015.80 0, 03( M 16) 2, 4. Gii ra M = 24 (Mg) tha mn
B gm Cu v M: Gi s mol Cu v M ln lt l x v 2x, ta c
2( x 2 x) 0, 75 x 0, 0125(mol )
T : 0, 0125.80 0, 025.( M 16) 2, 4
Gii ra M = 40 (Ca) (loi bi v CaO bn ko b H2 kh oxit)
Cu 33. Cho cc pht biu sau:
(1) Thuc tr su 666 c sn xut bng phn ng th clo vo phn t benzen
(2) Benzen b oxi ha bi thuc tm 80-100oC
(3) C th nhn bit benzen bng phn ng vi hn hp HNO3 c v H2SO4 m c to cht hu c
mu vng, mi hnh nhn
(4) Benzen c th ha tan c brom, iot, lu hunh
(5) Su nguyn t C trong benzen u lai ha sp3
S pht biu ng v benzen l:
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Gii.

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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 2, 2013 M BM.2.13

(1) Sai. Benzen cng vi clo mi to thnh 666.

(2) Sai. Benzen khng lm mt mu thuc tm.
(5) Sai. C su nguyn t C trong benzen u lai ha sp2.
Tm li ch c 2 pht biu ng. Chn B.
Cu 34. Hn hp X gm mui sunfua ca kim loi kim A v kim loi kim th B (A, B thuc hai chu k
lin tip nhau). Ly 21,45 gam X chia lm hai phn khng bng nhau. Phn 1 tc dng vi O2 va to kh
C, phn 2 tc dng vi dung dch HCl d to kh D. Trn C v D thu c 4,32 gam kt ta mu vng, cn
li cht kh m khi tc dng vi 80 ml dung dch NaOH 1M thu c dung dch E. Dung dch E cha hai
mui c tng khi lng l 3,8 gam. A, B ln lt l:
A. K v Mg
B. Rb v Ca
C. Na v Ca
D. Khng tn ti A, B.
Gii.
Ch : BoxMath xin sa li ra phn in nghing nh trn.
Kt ta vng l S, kh cn li tdv dd NaOH c th l SO2 hoc H2S.
2 H 2 S SO2 3S H 2 O
0,09

0,045

0,135

2a b 0, 08
*Nu kh d l SO2, ta c h phng trnh:
, trong a, b ln lt l s mol mui
126a 104b 3,8
Na2SO3 v NaHSO3. H ny c nghim m, loi, suy ra kh d l H2S.
*Cng gi a, b ln lt l s mol mui Na2S v NaHS, ta c
2a b 0, 08
a 0, 02

78a 56b 3,8 b 0, 04

Suy ra nH 2 S 0, 06 (mol) . Do , tng s mol kh H2S phn 2 l 0,06 + 0,09 = 0,15 mol.
*T l khi lng phn 1 v phn 2:

m2 nH 2 S
0,15 10
10

. Suy ra m2
.21, 45 16, 5 ( gam)
m1 nSO2 0, 045 3
10 3

*Gi a v b ln lt l s mol ca A2S v BS trong mi phn. Bo ton nguyn t S, suy ra:

a b 0,15
a b 0,15

2a.A b.B 16,5 0,15.32 11, 7

a.(2A) bB 11, 7
11, 7
78 , mt gi tr phi ln hn 78. D thy B l p
Trong hai gi tr 2A v B, mt gi tr phi nh hn
0,15
n cn tm.
Cu 35. Hn hp X gm hirocacbon A v H2. un nng X vi xc tc Ni thu c kh Y duy nht. T khi
hi ca Y so vi H2 gp 3 ln t khi hi ca X so vi H2. t chy hon ton mt lng khc ca Y thu
c 22 gam CO2 v 13,5 gam H2O. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A:
A. C3H4
B. C2H2
C. C3H6
D. C2H4
Gii.
22
n CO2 =
= 0,5(mol)
44
13,5
n H2 O =
= 0,75(mol)
18
nH O 0, 75
t hirocacbon Y cho nH 2O nCO2 Y l hirocacbon no. Li c 2
1,5 Y l C2H6
nCO2
0,5
Vy A c th l C2H2 (x = y = 2) hoc C2H4 (x = 2, y = 4)
* Khi A l C2H2
C2H2 + 2H2 C2H6
d Y/H2
M
30
= Y =
= 3 (tho mn)
26 2.2
d X/H2
MX
+
3
3
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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 2, 2013 M BM.2.13

* Khi A l C2H4
C2H4 + H2 C2H6
d Y/H 2
M
30
= Y =
= 2 3 (khng tho mn) Loi
28 2
d X/H 2
MX
+
2
2
Vy cng thc ca A l C2H2.
Cu 36. Cho s chuyn ha gia cc cht hu c nh sau:
A

dd KMnO4

dd H2SO4 c
t0 C

CH3CHO
F (Mui amoni)

S ancol trong cc cht cha bit l:

A. 1
B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

Gii.
Cng thc cu to cc cht:
A. CH2=CH2
B. HOCH2-CH2OH
D. CH3-CH2-OH E. CH3-COOH

C. CH3-CH2-Cl
F. CH3-COONH4

Cu 37. Cho 30,7 gam hn hp Na, K, Na2O, K2O tc dng vi dung dch HCl va thu c 2,464 lt H2
(ktc), dung dch cha 22,23 gam NaCl v x gam KCl. Gi tr ca x l:
A. 32,78
B. 31,29
C. 35,76
D. 34,27
Gii.
Quy i hn hp ban u thnh Na (a mol), K (b mol), O (c mol).
22, 23
0,38(mol ) (1)
*D thy a
58,5
*Khi lng hn hp: 30,7 = 23a + 39b + 16c (2)
*Cc qu trnh oxi ha kh:
Na Na 1e; K K 1e
O 0 2e O 2 ; 2 H 2e H 2
Bo ton e, ta c a + b = 0,22 + 2c (3)
T (1),(2),(3) ta c: a = 0,38; b = 0,44. Suy ra mKCl = 0,44.74,5 = 32,78
Cu 38. Ha hi 14,32 gam hn hp gm mt axit no n chc X v 1 axit no a chc Y (s mol X ln hn
s mol Y) thu c mt th tch hi bng th tch ca 5,6 gam N2 (dktc). Nu t chy ton b hn hp hai
axit trn th thu c 10,752 lit CO2 (ktc). Cng thc cu to ca X,Y ln lt l:
A. HCOOH v HOOC-COOH
B. CH3COOH v HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH
C.CH3-CH2-COOH v HOOC-COOH
D. CH3-COOH v HOOC-CH2-COOH
Gii.
t cng thc hai axit l: Cn H 2 nO2 v Cm H 2 m 2O4
Ta c naxit 0, 2(mol ) ; nCO2 0, 48(mol )
Ta c h phng trnh: xn ym 0, 48 ; v (28n 32) x (28m 62) y 14,32
Gii ra ra c x = 0,16 v y = 0,04
0,16n + 0,4m = 0,48 4n + m = 12 n = 2 v m = 4
Hai axit l CH3-COOH v HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH
Cu 39. Khi kh natridicromat bng than thu c oxi kim loi, mui cacbonat v mt cht kh c tnh kh.
Tnh khi lng oxit kim loi bit dng 24 gam than v hiu sut ca phn ng l 80%.
A. 152,0 gam
B. 121,6 gam
C. 304,0 gam
D. 243,0 gam
Gii.

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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 2, 2013 M BM.2.13

Phn ng: Na2Cr2O7 + 2C CO + Na2CO3 + Cr2O3. D dng tnh c moxit kim loi = m(Cr2O3) = 121,6
gam
Cu 40. un hn hp gm ancol A v axit B (u l cht c cu to mch h, khng phn nhnh) thu c
este X. t chy hon ton m gam X thu c 1,344 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 0,72 gam nc. Lng oxi cn
dng l 1,344 lt (ktc). Bit t khi hi ca X so vi khng kh nh hn 6. Cng thc phn t ca X l:
A. C3H4O2
B. C6H8O4
C. C3H2O2
D. p n khc
Gii.
D dng tm c CTGN l C3H4O2 CTPT l (C3H4O2)n. V dX/kk < 6 nn n = 1 hoc 2.
+ Vi n = 1 th ch c 1 CTCT l HCOO-CH=CH2 loi v ancol tng ng l CH2=CH-OH khng bn
+ Vi n = 2 th CTPT l C6H8O4.
Cu 41. Chn nhn nh ng.
A. Xenluloz c hp thnh t cc mt xch glucoz bi cc lin kt 1,4glicozit.
B. Oxi ha glucoz bng thuc th Felinh (Cu(OH)2 trong NaOH) s thu c axit gluconic.
C. -fructoz, C s 1 v C s 6 ngc pha so vi mt phng vng.
D. Glucoz, fructoz, saccaroz, mantoz u c th to ete vi CH3OH/HCl.
Gii.
B. Sai. Mui thu c l natri gluconat.
C. Sai. -fructoz, C s 1 v C s 6 cng pha so vi mt phng vng.
D. Sai. Saccarozo khng cn nhm -OH hemiaxetal nn khng tc dng vi CH3OH/HCl.
Cu 42. Cp phn t no sau y c hnh dng ging nhau nhiu nht
A. BeH2 v H2O
B. BF3 v NH3
C. CO2 v SiO2
Gii.
p n D. V cng lai ha sp.

D. BeH2 v C2H2

Cu 43. Thi 672 ml (ktc) hn hp kh A gm mt ankan, mt anken v mt ankin (u c s nguyn t

cacbon trong phn t bng nhau) qua lng d dung dch AgNO3/NH3, th thy c 3,4 gam AgNO3 tham
gia phn ng. Cng lng hn hp kh A nh trn lm mt mu va ht 200 ml dung dch Br2 0,15 M. Khi
lng ankin trong A l:
A. 0,39 gam
B. 0,40 gam
C. 0,26 gam
D. 0,28 gam
Gii.
Nu ankin c dng RCCH :RCCH + AgNO3 + NH3 RCCAg + NH4NO3
3, 4
nankin
0, 02(mol ) v nBr2 2.nankin 0, 04mol
170
iu ny tri gi thit, v s mol Br2 ch bng 0, 2.0,15 0, 03(mol )
Vy ankin phi l C2H2 v nh vy ankan l C2H6, anken l C2H4.
T phn ng :
C2H2 + 2AgNO3 + 2NH3 C2Ag2 + 2NH4NO3
n(C2H2) = 1/2n(AgNO3) = 0,01 mol
T cc phn ng :
C2H2 + 2Br2 C2H2Br4
C2H4 + Br2 C2H4Br2
n(C2H4) = 0,01 mol
0, 672
0, 01 0, 01 0, 01(mol )
n(C2H6) =
22, 4
Khi lng ca C2H2: 0,26gam
Cu 44. Cho s phn ng

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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 2, 2013 M BM.2.13

+Benzen/H+
Crackinh

CnH2n+2
A1(kh)

(1)

A2

(3)

(2)
(4)
+H2O/H+

+O2,xt

A3
A4

A5 (C3H6O)

(5) +O2/xt

Chn pht biu ng:

A. A1 l C5H8.
B. C hai ng phn cu to tha mn A4.
C. A2 c th c to ra khi un nng hn hp mt dn xut clorua v KOH.
D. A5 tan v hn trong nc.
Gii.
Ch : BoxMath iu chnh ni dung p n cho ng tc gi.
Cc cht cn tm:
A1: CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3
A2: CH3-CH=CH2
A3: C6H5-CH(CH3)2 (Cumen)
A4: CH3-CH(OH)-CH3
A5: CH3-CO-CH3
Cu 45. Cho phn ng:
FeS2 + HNO3 Fe(NO3)2 + NO + H2SO4 +H2O
Tng h s ti gin ca cc cht tham gia khi cn bng phn ng l:
A. 25
B. 17
C. 23
Gii.
3 FeS2 20 HNO3 3Fe( NO3 )2 14 NO 6 H 2 SO4 4 H 2O

D. 19

Cu 46. Cho 50ml dung dch A gm axit hu c X n cht mch h v mt mui kim loi kim ca n tc
dng 120ml dung dch Ba(OH )2 0,125M sau phn ng thu c dung dch B. trung ho ht lng kim
trong dung dch B cn 3,75g dung dch HCl 14, 6% , sau c cn dung dch thu c 5,4325g mui khan.
Mt khc khi cho 50ml dung dch A tc dng ht vi dd H 2 SO4 d un nng thu c 1,05 lt hi axit hu
c trn ( 136,50 v1,12atm ). Axit v mui tng ng l
A. CH3OOH , CH 3COOK
B. CH 3OOH , CH 3COONa
C. HCOOH , HCOONa
D. HCOOH , HCOOK
Gii.
Ta c: A gm RCOOH , RCOOM
3, 75.14, 6
0,015 mol
* nBa ( OH )2 0, 015mol; nHCl
100.36, 5
mBaCl2 0, 0075.208 1,56 g
n
nBa (OH )2 du HCl 0, 0075 mol
nBa (OH )2 phanung 0, 0075 mol
2

RCOOH 0, 0075.2 0, 015 mol

*Mt khc, t phn ng vi H2SO4 ca A ta c nRCOOH nRCOOM

(n

RCOOH bay ra

0, 035 mol

nRCOOM 0, 02 mol
Ta li c

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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 2, 2013 M BM.2.13

mmuoi mRCOOM mBaCl2 m( RCOO )2 Ba

5, 4325 0, 02.( R 44 M ) 0, 075.(2 R 88 137) 1,56
0, 035R 0, 02M 1,305
1,305 0,02 M
0,035
Li 7 R 33, 28

Na 23 R 24,1
K 39 R 15 R CH 3 , M K
Vy chn p n A.

Cu 47. Nung m gam hn hp M gm (NH4)2CO3 v Cu(OH)2 trong bnh kn khng c khng kh n khi
cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c cht rn X, hn hp Y (gm kh v hi). Cho ton b Y phn ng
vi dung dch Ca(OH)2 d th thu c 4 gam kt ta v cn c kh thot ra. Khi lng dung dch Ca(OH)2
tng 3,34 gam so vi ban u. X tan mt phn trong dung dch 150 ml H2SO4 aM long. Vi gi tr nh nht
no ca a th X tan c mt lng ti a?
A. 1,000
B. 0,200
C. 1,296
D. p n khc.
Gii.
Gi s ban u c a mol (NH4)2CO3 v b mol Cu(OH)2
*Phn ng ha hc
(NH4)2CO3 2NH3 + H2O + CO2 (1)
Cu(OH)2 CuO + H2O
(2)
3CuO + 2NH3 3Cu + N2 + 3H2O (3)
*Do X ch tan mt phn nn CuO cn d sau (3), vy NH3 ht.
*T phn ng ca Y vi dd Ca(OH)2 d dng suy ra: nCO2 = 0,04 v nH2O = 0,31 mol.
n(NH3) = 2n(CO2) = 0,08 mol.
Do CuO d nn sn phm (3) tnh theo NH3.
n(H2O (2)) = n(H2O) n(H2O (3)) n(H2O (1)) = 0,31 0,12 0,04 = 0,15 nCuO = 0,15 mol
nCuO d = 0,15 0,12 = 0,03 nH2SO4 = 0,03 mol a = 0,2(M)
Cu 48. Hn hp A gm 2 ankan l ng ng k tip v 1 anken, trong c 2 cht c cng s nguyn t
cacbon. t chy mt lng A thu c 6,72 lt CO2 (ktc) v 8,1 gam H2O. Xc nh cng thc phn t
ca anken trong A:
A. C2H4
B. C3H6
C. C4H8
D. Cha d kin tnh
Gii.
Gi cng thc ca ankan l CnH2n+2 (x mol) v anken CmH2m (y mol)
Ta c: S mol CO2 = 0,3 (mol); S mol H2O = 0,45 (mol)
nankan = 0,45 0,3 = 0,15 (mol)
0,15.n + ym = 0,3 n < 2 2 ankan l CH4 v C2H6
Trong A c 2 cht cng s nguyn t cacbon, suy ra anken C2H4.
Cu 49. Hn hp rn X gm Fe3O4, Cu c t l s mol theo th t l 1:2. Hn hp X tan hon ton trong
dung dch:
A. HCl d
B. NH3 d
C. AgNO3 d
D. HI d
Gii.
Li gii ca bn dzitxiem
u tin x mol Fe3O4 s b ho tan hon ton trong dung dch HCl d to thnh x mol FeCl2 , 2x mol
FeCl3 . Sau x mol Cu s b ho tan ht trong 2x FeCl3 to thnh x mol CuCl2 . Vy l cn li x mol Cu
v chnh lng ny s b ho tan hon ton trong dung dch gm HCl d v x mol CuCl2 do xy ra phn
ng to phc sau
Cu CuCl2 2 HCl 2 H [CuCl2 ].
Chn p n A.
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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 2, 2013 M BM.2.13

(Chng ta c th d dng loi ngay p n B, C. Vi p n D, HI c th ha tan Cu, nhng to ra CuI

khng tan)
Cu 50. Cht no sau y c dng iu ch thuc b gan?
A. Axit glutamic.
B. Alanin.
C. Methionin.
Gii.
C. Methionin.

D. Hemoglobin.

NHN XT CHUNG
thi c nhiu bi tp s dng cc k thut kh c bn, tuy nhin c l v cha thc s chn trong kin
thc v k nng, nn kt qu ca nhiu bn cha t yu cu. Hi vng vi thi th Ha hc s 3 vo thng
1/2013, cc bn s tr li vi kin thc v k nng vng vng hn, v t c mt im s t tin
chun b cho vic hon thnh h s d thi i hc.
Xin chc mng bn JQADHD t s im cao nht vi thi th ln ny.
Cm n cc bn WeK-N, thienlonghoangde ng gp bi tp cho thi. Hoan nghnh cc bn
dzitxiem, LinhThiMyLe, nhatquy, phammai, vohuytanNQD_12T, Acidnitric_HNO3 cng cc bn mod,
smod tch cc tho lun v ng gp li gii cho cc bi tp trong thi.
Ti thi v p n min ph ti www.boxmath.vn
HN GP LI CC BN VI THI TH HA HC S 3 CA BOXMATH VO THNG 1/2013!

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