In the modern era, the construction technology has enhanced the dimension of

structural engineering. Today the world is progressing in every sector not only
in industrialization but also in infrastructure sector. All the metropolitan cities
are touching the sky with high buildings, offices, malls, hotels, building floor
systems, wide roof or hall covering systems so use of steel as a structural
member is gaining importance to complete this requirement. In steel structures,
the concept of pre-engineered building (PEB) is most popular, because of
simplicity and speed of construction .such PEB have large span but subjected
to less loading. So steel section are subjected to safe in strength requirement
but do not satisfy the serviceability requirement. So it is essential to use beam
with more depth, to satisfy serviceability requirement. Use of open web beam
(castellated beam) is the best solution in order to overcome this difficulty.
The CSB, initially known as the Boyd beam, was first used in 1910.
Castellation is the procedure of cutting the web of a rolled section in a zigzag
pattern. One of the halves is turned round and welded to the other half. This
procedure increases the depth of the original beam (h) by the depth of the cut
(d). As shown in Fig. 1, CSBs are often made from I sections by the castellation
process. This shape fits the dictionary definition of castellated as castle-like

Castellation process in a CSB.

Due to limitation on maximum allowable deflection, the strength properties of structural steel
cannot always be utilized to best advantages, so castellated results in increasing the stiffness of
steel members without any increasing in weight of the steel required. Castellated beam stronger
and deeper than the conventional beams.

The structure should not only designed for safety and serviceability, but also for the functional
requirement for which it is intended. Castellated beam made ease of functions like provision
of pipeline and air condition ducts, electrical wiring, so that height of floor can be reduced. The
open web provide aesthetic advantage when used in structures with exposed beams.