I have done (present perfect 1) He has cleaned his shoes. (his shoevare clean nou) [LEE \ see eae ‘They are at home. They are going out. They have gone out. ( they are nor at home now) B. thas:cleaned / Ihave gono:ee, iv the-present perfect (have: + past paricipl); past participle ae fied cleaned 1 cleane wet hae hee nasheed have | ¥& | finished? | } regular verbs you [ have not (haven’t) | starred ve) you | started? eye lost they | fost? he . done he | done? —— she | has (3) , been has J she | been? trregular verbs f has not (hasn’) | gone a aoe Regular verbs: The past participle is ~ed (the same as the past simple) clean [have cleaned finish we have finished start — she has started Irrequiar verbs: The past participle is sometimes the same as the past simple and sometimes different (= Appendix 2-3). For example: the same: buy > Tbought / T have bought have > he had / he has had. different: break + L broke / I have broken see — you saw / you have seen fall + it fell / ic has fallen go — they went / they have gone C We use the present perfect for an action in the past with a result now: T've lost my passport. (= I can't find my passport now) “Where's Linda?” “She’s gone to hed’ (= she is in bed wow) We've bought a new car. (= we have a new car now) Its Rachel’ birthday tomorrow and I haven’t bought her a present. “Bob is on holiday’ ‘Oh, where has he gone?" Can I take this newspaper? Have you finished with it? [38] present perfect => present perfect and past simple = saregular verbs => [ENED15.1 uNtr EXERCISES 1 5 Look at the pictures. What has happened? Choose from: gotobed leanhisshees stop raining close the door fall down have a bath before now He. has cleaned. his. shoes 6 Complete the sentences with a verb from the lst, break buy decide finish forget go go invite see not/see take tell 1 ‘Can [have this newspaper?” “Yes, Ive.fanished.... with it? a some new shoes. Do you want to see them? 3 ‘Where is Liz? She woo out! 4 I’m looking for Paula. you her? 5 Look! Somebody that window. 6 ‘Does Lisa know that you're going away?’ “Yes, 1 her? 7 Ican't find my umbrella. Somebody semi 8 I'm looking for Sarah. Where she 2 9 1 know that woman but I her name. 10 Sue is having a party tonight. She a lot of people. 11, Whatare yout going to do? you 2 12 ‘Where are my glasses?” ‘I don’t know. | them? [3916 ve just Ive already... haven't 6 (present perfect 2) A pve just ... just = a short time ago © A: Are Diane and Paul here? B: Yes, they've just arrived © A: Are you hungry? B: No, Pve just had diane: © A: Is Tom here? S B: No, I'm affraid he's just gone. They have just arrived. & he has just gone} B rve already ... already = before you expected / before I expected © A: What time are Diane and Paul coming? B: They've already arrived. (= before you expected) © Irs only nine o’clock and Ann has already gone to bed. (= before I expected) © A: John, this is Mary. B: Yes, I know: We've already met. C rhaven’t ... yet / Have you ... yet? yet = until now You can use yet in negative sentences and questions, Yet is usually at he end, yet in negative sentences: © A: Are Diane and Paul here? B: No, they haven’t arrived yet. (but B expects Diane and Paul to arrive soon) © A: Does John know that you're going away? B: No, I haven’t told him yet. (out B is going to tell him soon) © Margaret has bought a new dress but she hasn’t worn it yet, yet in questions: © A: Have Diane and Paul arrived yet? B: No, not yet. We're still waiting for them, © A: Has Linda started her new job yet? B: No, she starts next week. © A: This is my new dress. B: Oh, it’s nice, Have you worn it yet? 40] resent perfect —> [NEMIEET) «word order [ER] still, yee and already > [ED present py x iy