What does CAESAR II do?

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Session overview

Taking the task from piping design to piping engineering.

What questions does CAESAR II answer?
A brief CAESAR II design sequence.
Should conclude within the hour.

Please use the Webinar dialog box to post your questions.

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Piping designer responsibilities

Designer locates equipment and then routes pipe between these positions using an
established pipe specification

Givens:

The piping system is a unique pressure containment.

Pipe size is based on pressure drop, flow rate
Pipe specification (e.g. wall thickness) is based on design pressure & temperature
Material based on service requirements

Designer has established rules for basic layout

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Hydraulic issues
Spans between supports (deadweight sag)
System stability
Access / clearance

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So whats left for the piping engineer?

Many systems require analysis to evaluate strain

Sources of thermal growth

Other sources of strain

Support settlement
Support movement in marine piping

Strain Load Stress

Pipe
Equipment connections (vessels and equipment)

Evaluate pipe load as stress due to this strain

Evaluate load on equipment directly

Except for simple layouts, the system response due to this strain is difficult to estimate
Analysis yields a better estimate of pipe deflection, loads on pipe supports and equipment
connections, and stress in the piping; and not only for strain.

100 feet @ 170F

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Designer handoff to engineering

Many shops develop a critical line list to determine which piping layouts require additional
engineering evaluation

So, a move is made from Design by Rule to Design by Analysis

A sample
Line List
from PROCESS
PIPING: The Complete Guide to ASME B31.3,
This is
whereCritical
CAESAR
II enters
the picture
by Charles Becht IV, ASME PRESS, New York, 2002
========================================

In the case of general piping systems; according to the following line size/flexibility
criteria:
Designtemperature
by Rule vs.
Design by Analysis:
All DN 50 (NPS 2) and larger lines with a design differential temperature over 260C
(500F)
Design by Rule:
All DN 100 (NPS 4) and larger lines with a design differential temperature exceeding
Minimum pressure thickness = (PD)/(2(SEW+PY))
205C (400F)
All DN 200 (NPS 8) and larger lines with a design differential temperature exceeding
150C (300F)
Design
by Analysis:
All DN 300 (NPS 12) and larger lines with a design differential temperature exceeding
Maximum stress due to pressure = Sh = (2/3)(yield stress)
90C (200F)
Stress
duelines
to pressure
= PD/2t

All DN 500 (NPS 20)

and larger
at any temperature

All DN 75 (NPS 3) Is
andPD/2t
larger <
lines
to rotating equipment
Shconnected
?

All DN 100 (NPS 4)Yes:

and larger
OK lines connected to air fin heat exchangers

All DN 150 (NPS 6) and larger lines connected to tankage

No: Redesign required

Double-wall piping with a design temperature differential between the inner and the outer
pipe greater than 20C (40F)

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Four typical interests in pipe stress analysis

Selecting and sizing supports

Checking pipe deflection under load
Verifying loads on connected equipment
Evaluating pipe stress

And not only for those strain-based loads

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Deadweight
Pressure
Wind & wave
Earthquake
Hydraulic transients
Vibration

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Creating a CAESAR II Model

Start with a stress isometric or similar concept (the analog)

Mark up the drawing for analysis
Create the piping input model (a digital representation of that analog)
90

110

80

100
120

10

50
20

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Analog to digital

Analog

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Digital representation

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CAESAR II Results
1.
2.
3.
4.

Hanger selection, restraint load

Pipe sag, horizontal deflection
Equipment check
Stress check

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A few examples will illustrate

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1. Size Support

Size this spring

What is the load on

this steel?

to minimize this pump load

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2. Check Deflection

How much does this elbow

move when the system
heats up?

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3. Evaluate Equipment Load

Is this compressor
overloaded?

Compressor
Thermal
Growth
Anchor

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4. Evaluate Pipe Stress

This stub in connection is

overstressed and will fail
by fatigue over time.

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Analyze and review TURBO

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Document Results

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Conclusion

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