You are on page 1of 43

11 2011

22

. , Phil


,


.
,

, : [
/ 5 2011]. ,

- ,
/ Institute for Security
and Defence Analysis (ISDA),
,
,


/ .

1.

,
.

, ()
.
()
.

,
.

( ) .
, ,
,
,
.
,
, (Territorial Army: )
. ,
,
2


(National
Guard)

,


. , , , ,
,
,
.
-
, ,

,
,
/, ,
...
, ,
, . ,

(..


,
).
,
, Jena - Auerstedt. 9 1807,
Tilsit,
,
.

42.000 . Krumpersystem,
, Gerhard von Scharnhorst,
,
.
,
, ,

.
1 .
2 , , ,

, , ,

.


.


.

() . ,
,
,
, ,
,
,
,
.
,
, -
.



,

, .
, , ,
,
.
,
, ,

.
, ,
. ,

(
),
.

() ,
,
,
. ,
4

,
.

,
- . 1
,

,
, ,

.

2.
, ,
.

, .

,
.
( Iraqi Freedom), 2003,
17.000 .
9% ,
4% .

(Territorial Army)

,

,
,
.
()
- ( )
, .
28 2009,

(Report on the Strategic Review of the Reserves),
, ,
,
.
,
.

,
,
(Territorial Army),
,

(ARRC:
Allied Rapid Reaction Corps),
20.000
[Territorial Army] ,
.

,
() ,
.


()
.
(Reserves)
:
. (Regular Reservists):
.
116.000 ,
33.000 ,
.
,
.
. (Territorial Army/)
(Volunteer Reserve Forces):
,
1/4 . :
(Regular Army) ,
.

(part - time).
,
, (,
- , , ...),
.

30 40
.
. (Territorial Army)
34.000 , 42.000 .
1.000 , ,
. ,
7

, ,
,
.
(Royal Army),
, 1.000 10.100
, 10%
.
350.000.000 , 1,3%
.

(Territorial Army)
.
( )
Territorial Army ( 2010)

(OTC: Officer Training Corps)


39,27
49,00
()
39,27

62,07

74,61
82,47

95,61
113,21

120,44
144,24

169,03
195,73

205,04
225,46

244,68
254,60
( )
Territorial Army ( 2010)

34,41

1
42,91
56,38

5
51,90
61,10

1
66,58
75,25

1
75,68
86,02

1
83,78
96,47

(Territorial Army/) ,
1979.
.
.
TA ,

( ,
), ,
, .
8

(Strategic Defence Review)


1998, 56.200 ,
. , 33
87 15 67 .
2006, 42.000 ,
, 82%,
34.000 .

. ,
1950,
.
, ,
,
.
,
,


, ,
. , ,
,
,
1982 , 1991.
. ,
205 ( ) ,
,

, 1 ,
.

1996 ,
TA
- ,

(
, )
( , ...).

-
. 2003,
9.500 , ,
Telic,
420 . 1.200
,
Herrick , ,
9

.
,
,
21 ,
.

, :
- 1, [Phase 1],
() [CMS(R): Common Military Syllabus (Recruit) Course),

- 2, [Phase 2], .
1
1,
[TSC: Trained Soldier Course,
2009 CMS(R)]
.
,
,
(Army Training Regiments)
,
2,
, Catterick.
4 (4th
Battalion, The Parachute Regiment)
(Honorable Artillery Company)
.
2
1 2,
, ,
.

. , , 2

(Combat
Infantrymans
Course),

, Catterick.

,
- (modules) ,
10

(TACC: Territorial
Army Commissioning Course).
1 ,
[CMS(R)].
, ,


,
(DETAPO: Direct Entry TA Potential Officer).
2 , , ,
/- ,
,
10 .

(The Army Officer Selection Board [AOSB]), ,
,
(Officer Cadet).
3 , , 2
9 . 1
3
.
4 ,
AOSB 3,


Sandhurst, 4.
,
.
,
.
,
(..
, , ...) .
(HRR)
[High Readiness Reservist/ HRR]
()
,

.
HRR
12 .
HRR,

11



12 24 , .

HRR ;

.
,
.
,
.
,
,
1996 .

HRR.
.
()

. ,
.
,


,

HRR.
:
,

110
.


.

.

12

3.


() .
,
,
,
.

.
, ,
.
,
, ,
,
, .

- (Gendarmerie)
, .
, ,
,
, .

,
.
13

,

.
30,
200 .
, -

,
. ,
. ,

. ,
, ,
.

. ,

.
,
,
.

4.
39/2007, ,
,
,
.

14

,

,

.
, , ,

,

,
.
,
,
.

5.
,
. ,
5%
, 18 34
( 50 ).
,
,
.
,
,
.

, .
18 .
2/3 ,

. , 20.000
18 21 .

15

1989,

.
, 26 1989

.
,

11
2001 , 77%
.
XXI" , 2003.
" 95",
400.000 200.000
(120.000 80.000 ).

134.886
, 4.230
, . ,
, 1.050,
1% , 25%
.
,
, .
, :
,
. 17.506
22.650 .
16



20 , /
16,
,
.
, (
)
,
.
, ,
,

, .. .

18 21 .

,
. ,
,
. ,
" ,
.
,
.
, ,
:
, ,
,
14 ,

,
14 15
,
30
.
,
,

17

6.
[Israel Defense Forces/IDF],
(: Tzva Hahagana LeYisra'el),
Tzahal.
David Ben-Gurion, 26 1948,
,
Haganah, Irgun
Lehi.
, ,
, ,
,
. ,

. , ,
,
.

18


:
,
[Hova],
.
,
IDF
.
[Miluimm]
,
,

. 82.2%
65% !
,


.


.


,
:
,
43 45 (
),
, .

,

. ,
,
,
,

.
, , ,
.

,
. ,
19

,
(,
, 2006)
,
100% .
( 2008)
,
40 ,
, ,
,
.
,
, ,
(
),
, :
() , (/)
, ,
, / (
), ( ),
().
27 / ( 21 ), 27
( 21 ) (
). ,

, ,
, (
) .

7.

, ,
39
/
( ) .




(2 137
),



.

20



:
(Army Reserve)
(Navy Reserve)
(Marine Corps Reserve)
(Air Force Reserve)
(Coast Guard Reserve)
(Army National Guard of
the United States)
/Air National Guard of the
United States)
(United States
Public Health Service Reserve Corps),
- ,
.
:
,

.


:
(Ready Reserve),
, ,
, -
.
(Standby Reserve),

.
,
,
.
(Retired Reserve),

/ ,
60 ,
/ .

21


(
,
, ), :

(Full Mobilization),

,
(
),
.

(Partial Mobilization),
,

.

(Presidential
Reserve Call-Ups),
,
.
200.000 /Selected Reserves
( ,
[Chairman of the
Joint Chiefs of Staff] ,

) 30.000 /Individual
Ready Reserves (
,


),
270 .

(statute) 15 h (The 15-Day


Statute),
(, , )
/Ready Reserves 15 '
.

(Reserve Component Volunteers),


,
,

.

22

(ROTC)
ROTC (Reserve Officers Training Corps)
(ROTC),
.
,
.
,
. 56%
, 11%
, 20% , 41% .
,

,

. ,



.

(ROTC),
, :
(Senior Military Colleges)
(Civilian Colleges)
(Military Junior Colleges)


.

. ,

. Desert Shield
Desert Storm 1990-91,
.
,
.


. , 130.000
,
.

23

,
.
1990,


.

.

, .
, .
9 2001,

, ,

.
,
,
, , ,

.
1 2008, ,
48.250
- 37.700 10.550
.
-
,
Enduring
Freedom (OEF).
(
) ,

2008 :

100%

,
/ ,
, , ,
.
67% ,

, , -
- .
50% ,
, , .
24

2008,
76 (BCTs: Brigade Combat Teams),
48 28
(ARNG/Army National Guard), 200
(Support Brigades) 144
.
,
,
.
.

,
.

,
,
.
,
,
. ,
,

,
;

. /

, 60
.

,

. ,
, .
,
,
.

25

8.
- 3852
()
,
.
, ,

.

, , ,
.

.
, ,



.


. ,
300.000
90.000, (
, , ).
,
,
. ,
(, ,
, , -,
, , ,
...), . ,
30-45%,
,
.

.

.

,
.
,
-
26

,
.
,
,

. ,
,
, ,
,
.
, ,

1911,
.
,
,

. ,

,

,

.

/ 2001,
.
, 1976, 1987 1996,
,

BALYOZ/ SUGA/
, ,


, [
- ]
, .
,
,
, , .
,
.

12-14
20 ,
27



.
2001
!
.
,
, /
, ,
,

1974 1996 / .
[ /]
, .

.
,


,
.
,
.
,
,
,
.

1970 1982

.

28

,
(
) ,

.

(),

, .
,

3421/2005 ,
,
, ...

.
, 55%
, 80%
.

, ,

,

29

,
,
,
.


.
.
(
)
.
,
-

. ,

, ,

, ,
, ,


.

2001 320.000 .
2005,
200.000, . ,
.
48
,
,

90 !
,
. ,

2020, .

,
10-15 ,
, ,
2000,
10,2 . .

.

.

30

1991-2021 ( )

0-14
15-44
45-64
65+

1991
1.024
4.377
2.529
1.439
10.269

2001
1.611
4.359
2.534
1.702
10.206

2011
1.642
3.942
2.764
1.854
10.202

2021
1.720
3.528
2.889
1.952
10.089

, ,


. ,
33,75% 2003 2018, 82.472
54.637 .
()
,
,
,

14
.


35 ,
( B
).
( )
.

-
, ,
, .
700 4-
( ).

.

2007 30.000 ,
,
355 11 .
2007,
2.200.

.
,
,
.
31

, 2005, ,
,
350,56 409,20 ,
. [ 167/5 2006
] 2006,
790 921 , ,
. 2008, 3648/08
29
2008 ( 38), 30 35
40 43

.
.

()
,
().
,
,
. H
(, , ...)
- '
().
,
, .
,
.
1 2010
290 , ,
,

.
()
, 2010,
,
.
,


.
- -
1.

,
, ,
32

...
(
) , .
, ,
.
.


.

. ,

/ ,
.


.
,
,
.

- -
. ,

,
3883/2010

,
, .
,

.

.

(),

(:
).



( ,
,
). , :

33

.

.
.
(, , ...) .
.


.

. 3852/2010 ( )
, ()

, ,
,
.
,
, ,
,
.

, .
, :

(:
()
17/1974),
,
.
, ,
(), (),
..,

.

(
2344/1995), ,

,
,

,
.


,
, :

34

.
,
. ,
,
,
. (
.. ) ,
. .

()
()
,
, ,
.


'
.

..
.
,


( 2 . 4
17/1974).
, ,

, ,
, ,
,
,
( 2 . 1 . 2344/1995).
,
7,
,
.
35



,
,
6 . 2' .

()

:
. .
.

.
.

.
.
.
:
.

.
.

,
.
.
,
.
. AM
. ,
, .
.
.
. (
)
.
36



,
.
,
17/1974, .

,
,
.
, ,
, ,
(), , - (
) ( ,
).
, ,
(),
(), -
( ),
() ,
() , ,
.
, :
. , ,
-
. , ,
, -
.
.
-, ,
.
.
.
,
.

37


, ,
,
:
. .
. .
,
, ,
( ),
26 17/1974
,
.

,
,
1295/1982 .
()
/.
, ,


. ,
,
.
,
, ,

, ,
.
:
. , 1 ,
, ,
.
.
:
,

, ,
, ,
, -
.
38

. ,
,

.


,
,

- .
3852/2010,

,
. ,
,

.


,
.




.
,


, 102

1850/1989 ( 144 ).


, 101
.
(. 2539/97),
()

.
, , .
3852/2010
,
, .
39

63 (),
,

.
, 186,
,
:
.
.
. ,
. ,
. ,
. - - ,
.
. ,
. ,
, :
(1).
, ,
, ,
. 3013/2002 ( 102 ), .
(2).
, ,
.
(3).
,

.

,
- ()
, , ,


.
,
,

,
, , ,
, (),
,

.

40

,

.

, ,

!

9.


:

, ,
,
.
, ,

2025, ,
, ,
,
,

.
,

,
.
12 14
,
10
,
,
.

-,
!

()

41

,

.

.


80% 20% .

( ).

.




.


()
().
,


!

, /5 . 2011,
/11 . 2010 , :
/26 . 2010,
/31 . 2010,

., :
, (: , 1992).

/, (), ,2001

17/1974

3852/2010

2344/1995

42

www.enkripto.com :

http://kallikratis.ypes.gr/

(),
http://www.pseed.gr/protasi_nomou.pdf

, :
, .., 2001

C. Dandeker, Flexible Forces and Regular Reserve Mix: The Case of


British Army, ESRC, June 1994.

C. Dandeker, J. Higgs, P Watts, Force Regeneration and the Regular


Service Balance, Greenwich, Royal Naval College, 1992

Stuat A. Cohen, Small States and Their Armies: Restructuring and Military
Framework of the Israel Defence Force, Journal of Strategic Studies, Dec.
1995

Stuat A. Cohen, Studying the Israel Defence Forces: A Changing Contract


with Israeli Society, Bar-Ilan University Press, 1995

Losky-Feder, Edna, Nir Gazit, and Eyal Ben-Ari. Reserve Soldiers as


Transmigrants: Moving between the Civilian and Military Worlds. Armed
Forces & Society, Jul. 2008; vol. 34

Griffith, James. Will Citizens Be Soldiers? Examining Retention of Reserve


Component Soldiers. Armed Forces & Society, 2005

The Territorial Army - 1999 - An archive document of The TA in 1999


before the implementation of The Strategic Defence Review. M. A. Heyman

Mahler, Gregory S. (1990). Israel after Begin. SUNY Press


Netanel Lorch (May 31, 1997). "SPOTLIGHT ON ISRAEL: The Israel
Defense Forces
Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sports, "The basic
organization of the Swiss Armed Forces", July 2009

www.law.cornell.edu/: Army National Guard of United States; Air National


Guard of the United States

http://ra.defense.gov/documents: Reserve Components of the Armed


Forces

www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/14/contents: Reserve Forces Act


1996

www.sabre.mod.uk/Reservists:

Reserve Forces Act

1996

www.baff.org.uk/reserve-forces/future-reserves-2020-fr20-studyannounced-01-december-2010
http://www.armedforces.co.uk/army/listings/l0155.html
43

You might also like