In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS
Ip^vdnt- -ev

low tImtWmw-]md

KANNIMOOLAYILOODE
KUFRILAKKE
(Malayalam)
By: Hakeem Konompara
Publisher:
Umang books
Melmuri- Malappuram- 676517
Cover: Mukthar Udarampoyil
Type and Printing: Better press Malappuram
Rs: 40/-

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

B-ap-Jw
Zp-cq-lX
- I
- \n-d
X
- m-Wv A-h
- n-izm-kw. B ta-Je
- b
- n-se A-hy-XI A-\m-hc
- W
- w sN- G-sd {i-aI
- c
- a
- m-Wv. A-X
- , A-hn-izm-kw, `m-hn A-dn-bm-\p- Xz-c, ap-Xe
- m-bh
- a-\p-jy-Ip-e
- ns\ th-b
- m-Sn-sm-n-cn-p-p. P-\
- G-I ssZ-h
- n hn-izkn-p-p-v. F-m A-Xn-\p-d
- v hm-kvX
- p tZ-ht- \-bpw {]-oXns-Sp-m-\p- {i-aa
- p-v. A-Xn-\m-hs
- Nn-In-I
- a-c
- n-p sImn-cn-p-p. C-cp-]-Xv h-j-n-\p-n hm-kv-Xp tZ-h-\p th-n
s]m-fn- I-q-kp-I-pw ASp--f-Ipw I-pw I-W-p-an-.
Po-hn-X
- n km-[m-cW
- b
- m-bn kw-`h
- n-v sIm-n-cn-p- F-m {]iv-\--fp-sS-bpw Im-c-Ww hm-kv-Xp-hn-s tIm-]-am-sW-v ap-kv-enw
k-ap-Zm-b-n-ep--h t]m-epw hn-iz-kn-p-I-bpw hn-iz-kn-n-p-Ibpw sN-p-p.
F-m-Wv hm-kX
v- p F- sN-dn-b A-t\z-jW
- a
- m-Wn-Xv. ]q-Ws
- av A-hI
- m-is
- -Sp-n-. In-m-hp-n-St- m-fw {K-
- ]-cX
- n-bn-pv CXn\v \nc-h[n t]cpsS klmb kl-Ic
- Ww Dm-bn-p-v.
Fm-hs
- cbpw t]sc-Spv ]d-bp-n-. km-n-Ia
- mbn klm-bn-h, kmt-Xn-Ia
- mbn klm-bn-h
- F-Unp sNbvXv ]pkvXI
-
- ns
sIpw-apw \mn Xcn-Ibpw Ah-Xm-cnI FgpXn ]pkvXIw kpjvSam-n- ImtScn apl-Zv am Fs kplrp-fmb dioZqo ImtS-cn, apJvXm DZ-cw-s]m-bn XpSn Iptd-t], Fm-hpw
\n {]Im-in-n-p-t- Xm-sSmw A-m-lp C-sXm-cp kz-men-lm-b A-aem-bn kzo-Ic
- n-s
- F- {]m-\
- t- bm-sS....

l-ow tIm-tWmw-]m-d
taap-dn, ae-pdw
t^m: 9446948405

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

Ah-Xm-cnI
a-\p-jy X-s Po-hn-X
- n A-`n-ap-Jo-Ic
- n-p- ]-co-W
-
- f
- nsem-m-Wv tcm-Kw. tcm-K
- n-s X-ch
- pw kz-`m-hh
- p-a\
- p-kc
- n-v A-hs {]-bm-k
- f
- n-epw _p-n-ap-p-If
- n-epw G-
- p-dh
- p-m-Ip-p. Xmc-Xt- ay-\ e-Lp-hpw km-[m-cW
- h
- p-am-b tcm-K
- {]-Xn-hn-[n-tbm NnIn-t- bm C-m-sX s]-s-v t`-Za
- m-Ip-p. Nn-e tcm-K
- h-fs
- c
Im-cy-Kuchhpw k-o-Wh
- p-am-bn-cn-pw. a-s-m {]-iv\
-
- f
- n-ep-sa-t]m-se tcm-Km-h
b
- n-epw a-\p-jy A-\p-h-n-t Im-cy-sf kw-_
- n-v C-kve
- mw am-K Z-i\
- w \-Ip-p-v. a-cp-pw
Nn-In--bpw kzo-I-cn-m \-_n (k) D-]-tZ-in--Xm-bn l-Zo-kp-Ifn Im-Wmw. A-tXm-sSm-w {]-bm-k
- f
- pw {]-Xn-_
-
- f
- pw A-`nap-Jo-Ic
- n-p-tm -a ssI-sm-m-\pw C-kve
- mw \n-t-in-pp. Xs Po-hn-X
- n- F-
- Cu tem-I
- v kw-`h
- n-p- ap-gph Im-cy-f
- pw A-m-lp-hn-s A-\p-aX
- n-tbm-sS-bm-sW- D-d
- hnizm-k-ap--h-\m-Wv ap-kv-enw. A-m-lp-hn-s C--p hn-cp--am-bn
bm-sXm-pw kw-`h
- n-p-n-. {]-Xn-k
- n-Ifn Zr-VN
- n-\
- m-bn-cnm ap-kve
- n-an-\pw k-lm-bI
- a
- m-bn h-n-p-X
- v Cu hn-izm-ka
- mWv. A-Xn-\m \-_n N-cy-bn \n-v amK Z-i\
- w D-sm-v A\p-hZ- \
- o-bh
- pw ^-eZ- m-bI
- h
- p-am-b Nn-In-b
- pw Hu-j[
-
- f
- pw {]-tbmKn-p--tXm-sSm-w A-m-lphn `-c-ta-n-pw A-h-s A-\p-{Kl-f
- n {]-Xo-b
- -n-pw tcm-Km-h
X-cW
- w sN-m A-h\
- p
km-[n-p-p.
C-c
- w B-fp-Is
- f kw-_
- n-n-St- m-fw ]-co-W
-
- f
- n-eq-sS Ah-cp-sS hn-izm-kw Iq-Sp-X Zr-Va
- m-hp-Ib
- pw hyn-Xzw Iq-Sp-X ]cn-ip-a
- m-hp-Ib
- pw sN-p-p. \-_n (k) {]-kvX
- m-hn-p. h- Zp-cn-Xtam t-it- am tcm-Kt- am hr-Yt- bm A-\p-`h
- n-p- H-cp hn-izm-kn-bpan-, A-Xp-hg
- n A-bm-fp-sS Xn-I
- am-bv
- s
- -n-
- m-sX (ap-kve
- nw)
F-m C-Xn \n-p hy-Xy-kvX
- c
- m-b Nn-eb
- m-fp-If
- p-v. kz-w Zo-

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

\n-s\-p-dn-v A-X
- b
- pw hn-izm-k Zu-_e
- y-hpw Im-cW
- w tcm-Kmh-b
- n-epw a-p ]-co-W
- L-
- f
- n-epw C-kve
- m-an-I aq-ey- apdp-sI ]n-Sn-m A-h-p km-[n-p-n-. A-\p-hZ- \
- o-bh
- pw ^-e
{]-Zh
- p-am-b Nn-In-m co-Xn-I
- kzo-Ic
- n-p-X
- n-\p ]-Ic
- w C-kve
- m-anI Zr-jvS- ym \n-jn-h
- pw A-h
- n-izm-k P-Un-eh
- p-am-b {]-Xn-tcm-[ amK-s
- f-bm-Wv A-h A-he
- w-_n-p-X
- v. a-X]
- c
- n-th-ia
- p- hy-nI t\-Xr-Xzw \-Ip- Nn-In-m tI-{-f
- m-Wv ]-et- m-gpw Cu
hn-[-tcm-K {]-Xn-tcm-[ co-Xn-I \n-tZ-in-p-sIm-Sp-p--Xv. D-]-t`mm- `-n-]q-w A-Xn-s\ ssI-sm-m-\pw Nq-jW
-
- -p
hn-t[-bc
- m-Im-\pw C-Xv Im-cW
- a
- m-Ip-p.
"Nn-In-' \n-tZ-in-p-h
- c
- pw A-Xv kzo-Ic
- n-p-h
- c
- pw A-dn-bm-sX
t]m-Ip- Kp-cp-X-c-am-b H-cp h-kv-X-X-bp-v. G-I ssZ-h hn-izm-kn-\p hn-cp--am-bn ]-c-ssZ-h--sf {]oXn-s-Sp-p-I, A-Xn-\p-thn ]q-Pm I-
- f
- pw h-gn-]m-Sp-If
- pw A-n-p-I Xp-S
- n-b L-SI
- A-Xv D-sm-p--sh--Xm-W-Xv.
"Nn-In-' F- t]-cn Nn-e ap-kve
- nw hn-`m-K
- f
- n {]-Nm-cW
- w t\Sn-b A-c
- w A-h
- n-izm-k
- f
- n-sem-n-s\-bm-Wv l-ow tIm-tWmw]m-d c-Nn- "I-n-aq-eb
- n-eq-sS Ip-^vd- n-te-v' F- Cu e-Lp-Ir-Xn
A-\m-hc
- W
- w sN-p-X
- v. k-ap-Zm-bmw-K
- -n-Sb
- n k-Xy-hncpam-b k----fpw hn-izm-k-hy-Xn-bm-\-hpw XZSn-m-\-n-ep-
{]-h-\
- f
- pw {]-Nm-cW
- w t\-Sp-tm A-Xn-s\-Xn-sc P-\
- s
- f
t_m-[h
- X
- vI
- c
- n-t-X
- v C-kve
- m-an-I ]-fin-X
- m-cp-sS D-c
- h
- m-Zn-am-Wv. Cu D-c
- h
- m-Zn-w b-Ym-hn-[n \n-hl
- n-s
- -Sp-ns-X
- mWv
A-\p-`h
- w. {]-kvX
- p-X Dchm-Zn- \n-hl
- W
- w Iq-Sn-bm-Wv l-ow
Cu Ir-Xn-bn-eq-sS \n-h-ln-n-cn-p--Xv. Cu D-Zy-a-s kzm-K-Xw
sN-t--Xpw m-Ln-t--Xpw G-sXm-cp k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-bp-sS-bpw
_m-[y-Xb
- m-sW-v Rm a-\
- n-em-p-p. A-m-lp Cu k-Zp-Zy-as A-la
- m-b {]-Xn-^e
- h
- pw A-\p-Iq-ea
- m-b {]-Xn-Ic
- W
-
- f
- pw kZv^
- e
-
- f
- pw \-In A-\p-{K-ln-s
- F-v {]m-n-p-p.
ap-l
- Z- v Im-tS-cn
h-en-bm-v ho-Sv, ta-ap-dn

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

A-[ym-bw- 1

ho-Sv
ho-Sv Hm-tcm a-\p-jy-s-bpw A-`n-em-ja- m-Wv. A-m-lp-hn hn-izkn-p-h
- -v Cu hnj-bI
- a
- mb amK-Zi\w Jp-B X-s
\-Ip-p-v. ho-Sv H-cp A-`b
- m-\a
- m-sWv Jp-B ]d-bp-p.
a-gb
- n \n-pw sh-bn-en \n-pw {]-Ir-Xn {]-Xn-`m-k
- f
- n \n-pw
c-s
- -Sm-\p- A-`b
- m-\w. a-\p-jy- h-fs
- c Zp_-ecpw Ign-hpsI-h
- \
- p-am-sW k-Xyw Jp-B Du-n-d-
n-pw {]-Ir-Xn Zpc-f
- n-eqsS Amlp \s ]co-W hnt[-bc
- m-n-bnpw \-ap-v
C-pw AXn \nv ]mTw D-sIm-m I-gn-n-n-. Kp-lI
- f
- n
\n-pw ]p-n- Nm-f-bn-epw ]n-o-Sv Hm-Sn- ]p-c-bn-te-pw Xp-S-v
tIm-{Io-n-te-pw a-\p-jy F-Sp-v Nm-Sn. C-v ho-Sv A-`b
- m\a-, a-dn-v sIm-m-ca
- m-Wv. B-hi
- y-hpw A-Xym-hi
- y-hpw A-\m-hi
- yhpw Xn-cn-d- n-bm\mhm-sX k-m-Zyn-s \-sm-cp-`m-Kh
- pw ho-Sn-\mbn \o-n-sh-p- Im-gvN
- \-s A-c
-
- n-p-p.
""A-m-lp \n--v \n-f
- p-sS ho-Sp-Is
- f hn-{i-a m-\a
- m-nbn-cn-p-p (Jp-B 16/80)'' F- h-N\
-
- n \-ap-v hn-{i-an-m\p- -ea
- m-Wv ho-Sv. A-Xn [q-v A-\p-hZ- n-n-n-. ""\n-b
- w
[q-m ]n-im-Nn-s k-tlm-Z-c-m-cm-Wv'' F- Jp-B (17/
27)h-N\
- h
- pw G-sd {i-t-ba
- m-Wv. kq-d
- p ln-Pvd- n 80 ap-X 84
h-sc-bp- h-N\
-
- C-c
-
- m-v H-cp-Xm-o-XmWv ""Xo-b
- mbpw ln-Pvd- v \n-hm-kn-I ]-X
-
- f
- n \n-v (]m-d) Xp-c
- v ho-Sp-I5

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

fp-m-n \n-`b
- c
- mbn I-gn-bp-Ib
- m-bn-cp-p. A-n-s\-bn-cn-s {]`m-Xt- h-fb
- n H-cp tLm-ci
- _
- vZ- w A-hs
- c ]n-Sn-Iq-Sn. A-tm A-h
{]-h-n-p-m-n-bs
- Xm-pw A-h-v D-]I
- c
- n-n-'' (Jp. 15/8284)
H-cp ho-Spw Ahv A-`b
- w- \-In-bn-s-X
- v hy-a
- m-Wv. A-`b
- w
\-Ip-h
- {k-jvS- m-hpw {]-]
- \
- mY-\pamb A-m-lp am-{X-am-Wv.
A-h a-\p-jy-h-K
- n-\v \-Ip- Xm-o-Xn-s Ku-ch
- w DsIm-m Xmsg D-cn-p Jp-B hm-Iy- D-]I
- c
- n-t-pw.
""hy-Ym s]m-
- w Im-Wn-m-\m-bn F-m Ip-n {]-tZ-i
- f
- nepw \n- {]-Xm-] Nn-
- sI-n-smp-Ib
- m-tWm?''
""\n--v F-s-pw Xm-ak
- n-m-s\- `m-th-\ \n- a-lmku[- D-m-p-I-bm-tWm?''
""\n- _-ew {]-tbm-Kn-p-Ib
- m-sW-n \n-jvTq-cmcm-bn-sImv \n- _-ew {]-tbm-Kn-p-p''
""B-Ib
- m \n- A-mlp-sh kq-n-p-Ib
- pw F-s A-\pk-cn-p-Ib
- pw sN-p-I'' (ip-Ad- m: 128 - 131)
F-n-cn-s \- sN-p-s
- X-m-W?v \bpw Xnbpw Amlp
hn \nm-sWv hniz-kn-p \apv ho-Sn-s sF-iz-cyw Imv kq-n-m-\pw _p-n-ap-p-I H-gn-hm-m-\pw A-m-lp A-m-h-sc Iq-v ]n-Sn-t--Xp-tm? hm-kv-Xp tZ-h-s\ {]o-Xn-s-Spt--Xp-tm?

hmkvXp ]pcp-j
6

InIn-aqaeq-eb-bnn-eeq
qsS
sS I
Ip^v
p^vddnn--t-ev
-tev

A-[ym-bw- 2

hm-kv-Xp H-cp ]T-\w

\n-f- p-sS ho-n \n--v kz-X- b
- n-t. a- ]T-\
- n
hn-ap-JX
- Im-Wn-p-p-tm, `m-cy-bp-sS kz-`m-hw tam-ja
- m-tWm. Zmcn-{Z-n-te-Iv t]m-hp-Ib
- m-tWm. _n-kn-\k
- p-I ]-cm-Pb
- s
- -Sp-p-tm.
a--v \n-c--cw A-kp-J- h-cp-p-tm, {]-iv-\w G-Xm-bmepw \n- `-bs
- -tS-X
- n-. \n- ho-Sn-s hm-kvX
- p i-cn-bm-nbm-aX
- n. Im-cW
- w hm-kvX
- p hn-[n-{]-Im-cw ho-Sv \n-n-n-s-n CsXm-s kw-`-hn-mw. C-\n ho-Sv hm-kv-Xp {]-Im-cw \n-an--Xsn A-Xn-\pw am-Ka
- p-v. Nn-e sN-S- n hn-Zy-sIm-v hm-kvX
- p i-cnbm-n F-Sp-mw.
tI-c-f-n-se _-lp `q-cn-]-w P-\--fp-sS-bpw hn-izm-k-am-Wv
ta-]d-
X
- v. im-kv{- Xw A-`y-kn-h
- c
- pw A-`y-kvX
- hn-Zy-cpw am{X-a, Ben-ao- Fv hnNm-cn-s
- -Sp Nne-bm-fp-It]mepw ta
hnizmkw Aw-Ko-Ic
- n-v Xp-S
- n-bn- c
- n-p-p. I-n-aq-eb
- pw Cu-im-\
tIm-Wpw I-v ]n-Sn-v hm-kvX
- p-hn-s tIm-]w A-I- m e--Wn-\v I-q-kp-I-fm-Wv tI-c-f-n s]m-fn--Xv. G-I ssZ-h-n
A-Sn-bp-d
- v hn-iz-kn-p- ap-kve
- nw k-aq-la
- m-Wv hm-kvX
- p-hn-s\ {]-oXn-sSp-m-\mbn G-h
- pw Iq-Sp-X I-jvS- s
- -Sp-X
- v F hkvXpX
Ah-c-I-s hnizm-k-ssh-I-ey-nsbpw sXn-m-c-W-bp-sSbpw
Bgw hy-am-p-p.
Hm-tcm \m-n-epw H-cp \n-am-W co-Xn-bp-m-Ipw. A-hn-S
- f
- n Inp- A-kw-kv-Ir-X h-kv-Xp- D-]-tbm-Kn-p- \n-am-W co-Xn.
tI-cf
-
- n-epw A-c
-
- n-ep- co-Xn-bp-v. A-Xm-Wv hm-kvX
- p hn-Zy.
A-Xn-\v th-Ws
- a-n ""X-p-Ie
- ''sbpw hn-ti-jn-n-mw. F-m
7

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

Cu hn-Zy-bpsS a-d]
- n-Sn-m-Wv C-hn-sS hm-kvX
- p im-kv{- Xw A-hX
- c
- n-np--Xv.
im-kv{- Xw F- hm D-m-bX
- n-\m B-fp-I F-fp-w Bw-KoI-cn-pw F-X
- n-\m-em-Wv hm-kvX
- p im-kv{- Xw F- t]-cn A-dn-bs-Sm-\m-bX
- v. Ku-fn im-kv{- X-hpw ]-n im-kv{- X-hpw l-kvX
- tc-Jm
im-kv{- X-hpw im-kv{- X-am-n D-]t- bm-Kn-p- \-apv CXpw H-cp imkv{X-am-bn tXm-n-bn-cn-p-Ib
- m-Wv. hm-kvX
- p im-kv{- Xw ssl-h
- hnizm-kh
- p-am-bn _-s
- - H-m-Wv. sslh ]pcm-Wa
- mb ay-]pcm-W-n ]Xn-s\v BNm-cy-msc hmkvXp imkv{X D]-tZ-i-Icmbn ]d-n-p-v.
`rKp-c{Xhkn-jvT hniz-I ab-kvXYm
\mctZm \mKv\P
- n-ssh hnim-em ]pc-c:
{_lvam Ipamtcm \oN siu\tIm KK Gh N
hmkp-tZthm \ncp- XYm ipt{Im _rl-kvX]
- Xn:
AjvSm-Z-ssitX hnJymXm hmkvXp imkvt{Xm-]-tZ-iIm:
""`rKp, A{Xn, hkn-jvT, hniz-Im-hv, ab, \mc-Z, KKv\Pn-X, hnim-em-, ]pc--c, {_lvam-hv, Ipam, \o-i,
siu\I, K, hmkp-tZ-h, A\n-cp-, ip{I, _l-kv]Xn, hmkp-tZ-h, A\n-cp-, ip{I, _rl-kv]Xn (hmkvXp Apw
Cpw t]Pv 23)''
]-e {K-
- f
- n-epw ]-e co-Xn-bn-ep- I-YI
- ]-db
- p-p-s-nepw I-iy-] ap-\n-cN
- n- I-iy-] in-]a
- m-Wv G-h
- pw ]-gb
- hm-kvX
- p
{K-w. A-Xn ]-db
- p-X
- v C-{]-Im-ca
- m-Wv.
""in-hs
- hn-b-n \n-pw D-m-b kz-Xz-am-Wv hm-kvX
- p ]p-cpj'' a-y ]p-cm-W
- n-se hm-kvX
- p Zp-tXm-Xv `-h[
- ym-b
- n C-s\ ]-db
- p-p.
""A-I
- mkp-cs
- \ h-[n- in-hs
- s\-n-bn \n-v H-cp-Xp-n hnb-v `q-an-bn ]-Xn-p. A-Xn \n-v H-cp `o-Ic
- cq-]n {]-Xy-s
- p. A-Xv A-Imkpc tKm-{X-n-s ap-gp-h c-h
- pw Ip-Sn-p. Fn-v {Xn-iq-en-sb X-]
- v sN-bvX
- v h-cp-n h-cw hm-n. aq-v tem-Ihpw hn-gpm-\p- i-n-hm-n. h-cw hm-n-b kzXzw `q-an-bn Ian-gv-p ho-Wp. D-S-s\ tZ-h-am-cpw A-kp-c-mcpw tN-v kzXzs `q-an-bn Aa-n-n-Sn-p sIm-v A-Xn-s i-co-c
- n hn-hn8

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

[ `m-K
- ]n-Sn-p. A-\
- m I-gn-bm-sX-bm-bt- m A-Xv Z-bb
- mNn-p. H-Sp-hn ho-Sp I-pw A-h- \n-p- m-\
- n-\pw-ta
A-Xn-\v A-[o-iX
- zw \-Is
- -p. ho-Sp-]W
- n-Xp-S
- pw ap-pw ]-Wn Ign-pw C-Xn-\v ta m-\w ]n-Sn- ap-gp-h tZ-hm-kp-c-am-sc-bpw
{]o-Xn-s-Sp-m-\p- I-- \-S-n-bn-cn--Ww'' (imkv{Xhpw
I]-S-im-kv{Xhpw) A-m--]-w ho-p-S-a-bp-sS k-I-e ku-`m-Ky-fpw Cu k-Xzw C-m-sX-bm-pw ""A-p ap-X B `q-Xs
- Bfp-I (hm-kvX
- p tZ-h) F-v hn-fn-m Xp-S
- n'' sXv ]-Sn-mdv Zn-ib
- n (I-n-aq-e) X-es
- h-v I-an-gv
- m-Ws
- {X hm-kv-Xp-]p-cp-js
-
In-S
- v.
ssI-Im-ep-I a-S-n C-SX-p ssI-ap-pw Im-ap-pw h-Sv ]-Sn-m-sd Zn-ib
- n-epw he-Xv ssI-ap-pw Im-ap-pw sXv- I
- n-gs- Zn-ib
- n-epw Im]m-Z- tN-v sh-v sXv ]-Sn-m-dv Zn-ib
- n-epw h-c-h
- n-[w sh-n-cn-p-p. CXn-\v ap-If
- n-em-Wv 45 tZ-hm-kpc-am m-\w ]n-Sn-n-cn-p-Xv (im-kv{- X-hpw I]-Si
- m-kv{X-hpw).
hmkvXp ]pcp-j
kz-w `-h\
-
- \n-an-p-Xn hm-kvX
- p-im-kv{- X-hn-Zy
A-\p-kc
- n-p-h
- -v hm-kvX
- p-]p-cp- j F-m `u-Xn-I kp-Jk
- u-Icy-f
- pw B-flo-b D-X
- n-bpw t\-Sn-c
- p-sa-v h-cm-la
- n-ln-cs
- hmkvX
- p F- {K-
- n \m-cZ- a
- l
- -jn D-Zvt- Lm-jn-p-p-v. (t]-Pv
7 hmkvXp imkv{Xw).
A-Xn-se tm-Ia
- \
- p-kc
- n-v hm-kvX
- p im-kv{- X-s B-flm-a
- mbn _-lp-am-\n-p-Ib
- pw ]n-p-Sc
- p-Ib
- pw sN-p- B h k-v, m-h-c kz-p-I, `u-Xn-I kp-J- F-n-h-tbm-sSm-w
kz-Ko-b-kp-J--fpw e-`n-v A-\p-{K-lo-X-cm-hpw. hm-kv-Xp ]p-cp-js\ \n-tj-[n-p--h-v kz-p-I \-jv-S-s-Spw `m-cy-ap-Jm--cw
Iq-Sp-X Zpx-Jn-t-n-hc
- pw. Ip-Spw-_w in-Yn-ea
- m-hpw. hm-kvX
- p im9

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

kv{- X-s-]- n \m-cZ- a

- l
- -in-bp-sS A-`n-{]m-b
- h-cm-la
- n-ln-c cNn- ]p-kvX
- I
-
- n D-sIm-n-n-p-v. (t]-Pv 7 1)
h-S-v In-g-v ]p-Wy-Zn-m-b-Xn-\m A-hn-sS I-q-kv, tm
dqw A-Sp-f
- Xp-S
- n-bh
- \n-an-m ]m-Sn-. (t]-Pv- 8 1)
hm-kvX
- p ]p-cp-j ssl-h
- ho-W
- {- ]-Im-cw H-cp ssZ-ha
- m-Wv.
B ssZ-hs
- ]qPn- G-Is
- sZ-h
- n hn-iz-kn-p-h
- -v A\p-hZ- \
- o-ba
-
- F-X
- v h-fs
- c hy-a
- m-Wv. C-kve
- m-an-I hn-izm-k{- ]-Imcw \-b
- pw Xn-b
- pw Xo-cp-am-\np-Xv A-m-lp-hm-Wv. A-m-lp-hn\v ]-Ic
- w hm-kvX
- p `m-Kh
- m\n \nv A\p-{Klw {]Xo-n-epw
AXn-mbn hmkvXp `K-h\
- ms\ {]o-Xn-sSpepw Jp-Bs A[ym]-\
- p hncp-am-Wv. hm-kvX
- p-tZ-h {]m-\
- H-p hm-bn-m
X-s A-Xv hy-a
- m-hpw.
hm-kvX
- p tZ-h kvX
- p-Xn C-s
- \-bm-Wv.
Hmw, hm-kvXp-tZ-hw a-lm-Im-bw
]-`- q-X A-jvS- Zn-inw
tem-I cq-]n \mw tem-I km-n \mw
tem-I ]o-Un-\mw tem-I c-\
- mw
k- Im-cy Im-cW
- m-w
hm-kvXp-tZ-h \-tam-kv-Xp-tX
k tZm-j \n-h-y-w
hm-kv-Xp-tZ-hw \-tam-kv-Xp-tX
k- sF-iz-cy {]-`w tZ-hw
hm-kv-Xp-tZ-hw \-tam-kv-Xp-tX
k-t- em-I tZ-hw am-bw
hm-kv-Xp-tZ-hw \-tam-kv-Xp-tX
Hmw \-tam `K-hX
- m-tb Aw:
hm-kvXp tZ-hm-b \-tam-\a
- :
`q-an-tZ-h-\m-b {io hm-kv-Xp `-K-hm-\v A-\--am-b `q-an-bp-sS `oamImc-am-b i-co-ca
- m-Wp-X
- v. A-jvT tZ-h-am hm-gp-Xn-s tI{-m-\a
- m-Wv A-t-l
- n-\p-X
- v (C-{, A-Kv\n, b-a, \r-Xn, hcp-W, hm-bp, Ip-t-c, Cu-im-\) `q-an-bn h-kn-p- a-\p-jysc k--i--\m-b A-t-lw (hm-kv-Xp-`-K-hm) kw-c-n-p-p.
]-`- q-X
- f
- n-se tZ-h-am-tcm-Sv (`q-an, P-ew, A-Kv\
- n, B-Im-iw) a-\pjy-cp-am-bn k-am-[m-\
- n I-gn-bm A-t-lw I-]n-n-p-v. ................
10

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

............... \-ap-v k-i

-
- \
- m-b hm-kvX
- p `-Kh
- m-s\ B-cm-[n-mw.
\-p-sS Po-hn-X
- n-s k-am-[m-\h
- pw k-tm-jh
- p-am-b F-m h-i-sf-bpw A-t-lw A-\p-{K-ln-pw. (t]-Pv 6 1 )
hmkvXp ]pcp-js\ kh i\pw a\p-jy-cpsS cI-\p-ambn
Cu tmIw hnti-jn-n-p-p. kam-[m-\hpw ktm-jhpw {][m\w
sNp hmkvXp ]pcp-js\ Bcm-[n-m Blzm\w sNp-p.
CXwKoI-cn-m\pw XZ-\p-kmcw {]hn-m\pw apkvenwIv
Fs\ km[n-pw. hm-kvX
- p ]p-cp-j F-m ho-Sn-sbpw A-Sn-bn D-d
- n-n-S
- p-Ib
- m-Ws{X. A-t-lw D-Wc
- p- k-ab
-
- m-Wv hon Xm-ak
- w Xp-Stc-s
- X-v hm-kvX
- p im-kv{- Xw \n-t-in-p-p.
""Nn-e \n-n-X am-k
- f
- n-se {]-tXy-I Zn-hk
-
- f
- n-em-Wv hm-kvX
- p
]p-cp-j D-Wc
- p-X
- v. D-W-v Nn-e {]-tXy-I I-
- sN-bvX
- v hopw hm-kvX
- p `-Kh
- m D-d
- pw. Xm-sg kq-Nn-n-X
- p-t]m-se F-v amk-f
- n A-t-lw D-Wc
- p-p. 90 an-\n-v sIm-v A-v {]-hr-n-I
\n-n-X k-ab
-
- n-\p-n sN-bvX
- v Xo-p-p.''
1. ]-v tX-v 18 an-\p-v
2. Zn-hy-kv\
- m-\w 18 an-\p-v
3. k- i-\
- p- ]q-P 18 an-\p-v
4. B-lm-cw I-gn-p-X
- v 18 an-\p-v
5. sh-n-e ap-dp-p-X
- v 18 an-\p-v (t]-Pv 01) 1
hm-kvX
- p D-Wc
- p- k-ab
- w Ir-Xy-am-bn I-W
- m-n-bm-Wv `q-an ]qP-p- X-m-sd-Sp-v \-St- -X
- v F-v hm-kvX
- p im-kv{- Xw \n-tin-p-p. hm-kv-Xp X-I-cm-dp- sI-n-Sn-\p-n Xm-a-kn-p-h-v H-t-sd Xn-cn-S- n-I t\-cn-tS-n h-cpw. Po-hn-X
- n \n-ch
- [
- n
{]-iv-\- t\-cn-Spw. hym-]m-c-n-epw hy-h-km-b-n-epw \n-c-h-[n
{]-bm-k
- f
- p-m-Ipw. C-s
- \ h-m A-Xn-\p- ]-cn-lm-c {In-bI-fpw hm-kvX
- p im-kv{- Xw ]-db
- p-p A-Xn-\m-bn \n-ch
- [
- n b-{-f
- pw
Nn-lv\
-
- f
- pw Dv. t]-Pv 233 (hmkvXp eWw)
kz-kv-Xn-Iv Nn-w- A-[n-Im-c
- n-s-bpw k-ay-n-bp-tS-bpw Nnw X-s ap-n-se-p- Zpx i-n-Is
- f Cu Nn-lv\
- w X-I-v If-bpw k-am-[m-\w k-ar-[n, ku-`m-Kyw F-n-hb
- p-sS Nn-lv\
- a
- m-Wn-Xv.
]-ca
- i
- n-h hn-jvW
- p, K-W]
- X
- n F-n-hb
- p-sS kw-bp- Nn-a
- m-Wv.
11

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

b-{-:
hm-kv-Xp X-I-cm-dn-\p- H-mw Xcw b{-ap-v. \-s kw-c
- n-m
Nn- e - b- { - - v I- g n- b pw Fv
hmkvXp imkv{Xw ]d-bp-p. CXv
\apv AwKo-Ic
- n-m ]mSn- FXv
Jp-B sImv nc-s-X
- m-Wv.
1. a-y-b-{w:
hn-jv-Wp `-Khm a-ym-hX
- m-cs
- a-Sp-v th-Z- s f sh- sm- n \npw c-n-p. Cu b-{w mkz-kv-Xn-Iv Nn-w
]n-p-Ih
- g- n h
- m-l\m-]I
- S- w H-gn-hmIpw. ho-n-se Aw-K
- -v Zo-Lm-bp-v e-`n-pw.
2. Iq-a-b-{w: In-Wd- p-I Am-\
- v m-]n-p-X
- n-\m
D-m-Ip- `-hn-jy-v C-Xv X-Sb
- pw
3. \-c-knw-l b-{w: Zpx-i
- n-Is
- f \-in-n-pw. I-S_
- m-[y-X Cm-Xm-m C-Xn-\p I-gn-bpw.
4. kp-Z-i-\ b-{w: I-n-aq-eb
- n-se {]-iv\
- w (h-S
- v ]-Sn-msd `m-Kw) Fm-bm-epw Cu b-{w ]-cn-lc
- n-pw
5. K-cp-U-b-{w: k- tZm-jw A-I- pw
6. l-\p-am b-{w: i-{Xp-f
- n \n-v c- \-Ipw. i-vai
- m\-n-\S- p-v Xm-ak
- n-p-h
- -v \- Kp-Ww sN-pw
7. {_-lv-a b-{w: Xm-ak-m-p-m-Ip- X-Ic
- m-dp-I ]-cnl-cn-m Cu b-{w \-X
- m-Ws{X.
8. a-lm-hn-jW
v- pb-{w-: {_-la
v-
- m-\
- v tZm-jw ]-cn-lc
- n-m
Cu b-{w \-X
- m-Wv.
9. a-tl-iz-c b-{w : iva
- i
- m-\
- n Xm-ak
- n-p-h
- -v AXn
\n-p- c-
- pw C-Xv \-X
- m-Wv.
10. a-lm-arXypb-am-b b-{w: Zo-Lm-bp-n-\pw A-]-I-S-fn \n-p- c-
- pw C-Xv \-X
- m-Wv.
11. cp-{Z-b-{w: sXm-gn {]-iv\
- h
- pw Ip-d
D-m-Z\
-
- a
- X
- bpw ]-cn-lc
- n-pw
12. hm-kv-Xp]p-cp-jb-{w: hm-kvX
- p k-
- a
- m-b F-m X-Ic
- m12

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

dp-If
- pw Cu b-{w ]-cn-lc
- n-pw
13.
Ip-t_-c b-{w: h-St- m-v t\m-p- F-m ho-Sp-If
- psS-bpw tZm-j
- Cu b-{w ]-cn-lc
- n-pw.
14. a-lm-e-v-an b-{w: a-lm-e
- va
- n-bp-sS F-m sFizcy-f
- pw
\-p-sS ho-n-se-pw
15. Km-b-{Xn b-{w: \- hn-Zym-`ym-kw- _p-n i-n, k-t]-cv
F-n- h D-m-Im Cu b-{w k-lm-bn-pw. (t]-Pv 227 1)
C-\n-bpw H-cp-]m-Sv b-{- hm-kvX
- p im-kv{- X-n D-s
- {X. a\p-jy-h-Kw _p-n-bpw Nn-m-i
- nbpw D-h
- c
- m-Wv. ]-s hm-kvXp X-eb
- n I-bd- n-bm A-h\v a-Xh
- n-izm-kh
- pw ssZ-h hn-izm-kh
- pw
\-jvS- s
- -Sp-XmWv A\p-`h
- w. hm-kvX
- p {]-Im-cw I-n-aq-e h-fs
- c {]tXy-I m-\a
- m-Wv. A-hn-sS I-q-kv \n-n-v \-w Xn-cn-h
- Fn-\v A-Xv s]m-fn-v am-W
- w? C-jvS- w-t]m-se b-{-f
- p- C-m-ev A-Xv s]m-fn-t- B-hi
- y-an-s-v hm-kvX
- p hnZy X-s ]-db
- pp. hm-kvX
- p im-kv{- Xw hn-n-c-n-s I-eh
- d- b
- m-Wv. ap-kve
- nw kap-Zm-b
- n-\v H-cn-e
- pw hn-iz-kn-m ]m-Sn-m-X
- v. A-Xn-s hn-iZo-Ic
- W
- w A-Sp- A-[ym-b
- n hm-bn-mw. C-\n hn-iz-I am-hns\Iq-Sn ]-cn-Nb
- s
- -Smw. hniz I-am-hm-Wv \n-am-W {]-{In-bbp-sS
\m-Y. hn-iz I-am-hn-v- A-v X-eI
- f
- p-v. I-ng-v- ]-Sn-m-dv, sXv h-S
- v, h-S
- v In-g
- v Zn-ib
- n-te-v t\m-p-Ib
- m-Wv A-bm. Hm-

hniz-Im-hv
\nmW {]{In-b-bpsS \mY
13

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

tcm X-e
- pw aq-v I-p-If
- p-v. sam-w 15 I-p-I. A-t-l
- ns-Xe
- I
- f
- p-sS t]-cv 1. Cu-im-\w 2. X-Xv]
- p-cp-jw 3. A-tKm-cw 4. hm-atZ-hw 5. k-Xn-tbm-kX
- w. ]-v ssI-If
- n-epw Hm-tcm B-bp-[h
- p-ap-v.
cp-{Zm-w, k-
- w , am, {- Xn-iq-ew, ]-ip, sN-dn-b sN-, ho-W, hnv, iw-Jv, N-{Iw, {]-]
-
- n-se F-m h-kvX
- p-s
- f-bpw kr-jvS- n-p-Xn-\v th-n-bm-Wn-Xv. \-p-sS \n-m-W {]-Ir-bb
- n-se-mw hn-izI-am-hn-s\ B-Z-cn--Ww. A-t-l-n-s A-\p-{K-l- tX-Sp-Ibpw sN-W
- w Fv hmkvXphnZy \ntZ-in-p-p.
B-[p-\n-I F-n-\o-bd- n-Mv t]m-bn-v km-am-\y bp-n-v t]m-epw
\n-c
- m- kw-`h
-
- f
- m-Wv hm-kvX
- p-hnZybns-e hn-izm-kw.
In-S
- p ap-dn sX-p ]-Sn-m-dpw A-Sp-f
- sX-v In-g
- pw ]q-Pm
ap-dn h-S
- v In-g
- pw Ip-fn-apdn h-S
- p ]-Sn-m-dpw BI-Wa
- s{X-
sX-v ]-Sn-mdv In-W t]m-epw Zu-`m-Ky-Ic
- a
- m-Wv. hm-Xn-ep-If
- psS-bpw P-\m-en-s-bpw kw-Jy C-c- n-bm-bn-cn-W
- w. C-sXm-s-bm-Wv
hm-kvX
- p. C-\n Xn-cn-m-bm H-cp Ip-g
- h
- pw h-cn- F-v B-m-Wv
A-dn-bm--Xv. ]-s Ahn-izm-k-n-s Im-cy-n a-e-bm-fn
A-]w ap-n-em-Wv.
Nm-Xp h-y-hpw Pm-Xn hy-h
b
- pw Cu im-kv{- X-n-epw ImWp-p-v. sh-a
-
- v {_m-lva
- W
- -pw, Np-h
- v a-v {Xn-b-pw
a- ssh-iz-pw I-dp-v a-v ip-{Z-p-ap-X
- m-Wv. C-Xn ap-kven-an-\pw kn-v Im-c-\pw {In-kv-Xm-\n-pw a-n-. A-h ho-Sv shm G-Xv a-v I-s-pw. hm-kvX
- p hn-s a-dh
- n tI-cf
-
- n
am-{Xw s]m-fn- I-q-kp-I-Iv I-pw I-W
- p-an-. hn-v am-dm- Xe-th-Z\
-
- pw. Iym-kd- n-\pw `m-cy-`-Xr I-el
-
- n-\pw _n-kv\
- k
- v ]cm-Pb-n-\pw F-v th- F-m {]-iv\
-
- -pw Im-cW
- w hm-kvXp-hm-sW- sX-n [m-cW
- - C-hn-sS cq-V aq-ea
- m-Ipp. km-[m-cW
- m-cp-sS \m-hn Xp-n t]m-epw I-n-aq-e {]-kn-a
- m-Wv. Ipn-aqe-bn \n-an- I-q-kv s]m-fn-W
- s
- a- hm-kvX
- p hn-im-cZ- s
- hmpw A-Xn\p C-kve
- m-an-I am-\w D-m-m {i-an-p- Nn-ec
- p-sS
I-pcp-p _p-n-bp-amWv Fmn\pw ]nn-sev a-\
- n-em-m A-[nI _p-n-sbm-pw B-hi
- y-an-.

14

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

A-[ym-bw- 3

I-n-aq-e
hoSns sX-v ]-Sn-m-dv Zn-n\mWv I-n-aq-es
- b-p ]-db
- p-Xv.
hm-kvX
- p im-kv{- X-n G-h
- pw i-n-tb-dn-bX
- pw {]-[m-\s
- -X
- p-amb Zn-m-Wn-Xv. a-v G-gv Zn-n-\pw A-[n-]
- m-cm-bn tZ-h
- m-sc-bm-Wv \ntbm-Kn-X
- v. F-m Cu Zn-n-\p H-cp cm-k
- s
- \ (H-cp ]n-im-Nn-s\bm-Wv) A-[n-]\
- m-
- n-bn-cn-p-X
- v. a-v Zn-n-s\ A-t]-n-v C-hn-sS
h- _p-n-ap-pw t\--cn-m h-fs
- c th-Kw Zp-jv ^-ew h-cp-as
- {X.
H-cp-]n-imNmb- \r-n `-Kh
- m-\m-Wv Cu Zn-n-s A-[n-]. A-kpc-m-cp-sS tZ-h\
- m-Wv \rn. a-v tZ-h
- m-sc A-t]-n-v Iq-Sp-X Icp--\m-b-Xv sIm-v Xm-a-k-m-v Kp-W-am-bm-epw tZmjam-bmepw ^-ew D-S\
- S- n-bp-m-Ipas{X.
A-kp-c\
- m-bX
- v sIm-v Cu tZ-h\
- v tIm-]w Iq-Sp-w. {`m-a
- m-b Bth-it- m-sS i-{Xp-s
- f s]-s-v Xp-c
- pw. Xm-ak
-
- m-v I-Sp ^-ew \-Ipw.
Im-en-Im-tZ-hn-bm-Wv \y-n-bp-sS `m-cy. a-\p-jy-s ]p-d-m-Wv
k--cn-m-dv. Po-h Pm-e--fp-sS c-w Ip-Sn-pw. ]--amw-kw Xnpw. Cu Zn-n-\v _p-n-ap-p-m-n-bm A-t-l
- n-s D-]{- Z-hw
ITn-\-am-bn-cn-phs{X.
Cu Zn-v Xp-d
- m-bn C-SWsapw In-W, Ip-fw, F-n-\v H-cp Ipgn-t]m-epw ]m-Sn-s-pw hm-kvX
- p hnZy ]-db
- p-p.
sX-v ]-Sn-m-dn-s (I-n-aq-e) A-tem-kc
- w sIm-m-Wv B-fpI-v Ip-Spw-_ X-I- t\-cn-Sp-X
- v. Cu Zn-n \n-m-W {]-h-\w h-fs
- c kq-va
- X
- t- bm-sS sN-W
- w t]m-epw. A-hn-sS sk-]v-nIv Sm-v I-q-kv. Fn\v P-e kw-`c
- W
- n- t- ]m-epw ]m-Sn-. s]-Ip-nI-fp-sS kz-`m-hw \n-Wb
- n-p-X
- v sIm-v Cu Zn-n-\v I-n-aq-e AY-hm ]n-im-Nn-s aq-e F-v ]-db
- p-p (t]-Pv 36 1)
hm-kvX
- p {]-Im-cw C-y-bp-sS n-Xn \-X
-
- s{X aq-v h-i
- pw
- k-ap-{Z- nXn-sNp-Xn-\m C-y-v hm-kvX
- p tZm-ja
- p-vt]m. A-Xv sIm-m-Wv \-p-sS cm-Pyw Zm-cn-{Zyw sIm-v ho-v ap15

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

p-X
- v. (t]-Pv 126 1)
A-ta-cn- s]-s-v h-f-X
- pw hn-Ik
- n-X
- pw hm-kvX
- p-hn-s in-aq-ea
- m-Wv. \-p-sS A-b cm-Py-am-b {io-e
-
- pw hm-kvX
- p in Ip-dh
- m-Wv. F-m X-an-gv\
- m-Sn-s hm-kvX
- p D-{K-\m-Wv t]m-epw.
(t]-Pv 129 1)
C-Xm-Wv \- hn-iz-kn-p- I-n-aq-e A-s-n \- hn-izkn- I-n-aq-eb
- p-sS N-cn-{Xw. Io-g
- pw h-S
- pw sX-pw ]-Sn-m-dpsam-s im-kv{- Xo-ba
- m-n C-Xn
k-b-kn-s A-ev-]w Aw-i-aps-v h-cp-n Xo-m B-[p\n-I hm-kvX
- p I-em-Im-c-am {ian-m-dp-v. F-m A-Xv ]-ca
hn-Vv-Vn-am-sW-v a-\-n-emm Nn-e D-c-WnI Xm-sg
tN-p-p.
B-[p-\n-I im-k{v- X-n-s shfn-
- n hm-kvX
- p im-kv{- X-n\rn-tZ-h
In-aqebnse ssZhw
\v \ym- b o- I - c - W - I- s m {i-an-p-I-bm-Wv ]ecpw.
]-et- m-gpw C-h ]-cn-lm-ky-cm-bn-o-cp-Ib
- m-Wv. ]q-s\-bn-se H-cp
{]-ap-J B-In-sS-Iv- m-b F.-F
- v. k-l{- k-_p-t[- \-Ip- hn-iZ- oI-cW
- w c-kI
- c
- a
- m-Wv. N-{I-hm-fh
- p-am-bn `q-an-bp-sS 23 1/2 Un-{Kn sNcn-hpw In-g
- p \n-v ]-Sn-m-tdm-p- ku-ch
- m-X {]-hm-lh
- pw `q-anbp-sS kz-bw {`-aW
- h
- pw tN-v sX-v ]Snm-dv `m-K
- v k-
tI-{- kr-jvS- n-p-p. ^n-kn-Ivk
- n C-Xn-s\ Im-n-I ]p-]vO
- w
(Magnetic tail) F-v ]-db
- pw. t\-sc F-Xn `m-K
- v (h-S
- p ]-Snm-dv) ku-ch
- m-X {]-hm-l
- n-t\m hn-Zyp-XvI
- m-n-I A-h
b
- vt- m
hy-Xn-bm-\a
- n-. A-hn-sS A-c
- o-w kp-n-cX
- m-h
b
- n B-bn-cnpw. A-Xp-sIm-v h-S
- p ]-Sn-m-dm-Wv `q-an-bp-sS n-cX
- b
- p-
ta-Je
- . sX-p ]-Sn-m-dv G-h
- pw A-n-ch
- pw. C-d-
s
- Xm-s
ip-a
- m-b A-_
-
- f
- m-Wv. `q-an-bp-sS sN-cn-hv N-{I-hm-fh
- p-am-b
- . `qan-bp-sS {`-aW
- m-h
- pw ]-cn-{I-aW
- m-h
- pw X-n-em-Wv (N-{I-hm-fw \nco--I-s m-\w A-\p-k-cn-v am-dp- H-m-Wv) A-Xp-t]m-se
ku-ch
- m-Xw In-g
- p \n-v ]-Sn-m-tdm-
- . kq-cy-\n \n-v `q-an-bn16

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

te-m-Wv. A-Xv `q-an-bp-sS Im-n-I a-fie

- s
- kzm-[o-\n-p-sa-Xv sIm-v Im-nI-]p-w D-m-Ip-sa-Xv t\-cm-Wv. ]-t Np-w Ftm-gpw sX-p ]-Sn-m-dp Zn-ib
- n-sem-p-a
- . `q-an kq-cy-s\ Np-ptm A-Xn-s Zn-ib
- pw am-dn-sm-n-cn-pw. am-{X-a
- Cu Im-nI hm `q-an-p sam-
- n-em-Wv. H-cp ho-Sn-s c-v aq-eI
-
- n-Sbn A-n-cX
- kr-jvS- n-m-s\m-pw A-Xn-\m-hn. (t]Pv 69 imkv{- X-hpw I-]S- im-kv{- X-hpw)
]p- ]-W
- m-cn-em-Wv hm-kvX
- p {`aw Iq-Sp-X. an- ho-Sp-If
- nepw Ip-Spw-_ {]-i\
v-
- Dm-hpw. tcm-K
- hn-p am-dp-n-. s]
Ip-n-bp-sS hn-hm-lw b-Ym-ka
- b
- w \-S
- p-n-. km-
- n-I \n-e tamj-am-hp-p. C-n-s\ G-Xp {]-iv\
- h
- p-am-hmw. H-cp hm-kvX
- p hn-ZK
- v[
- t\m-Sv tNm-Zn-p t\m-q.
B-bm ]-db
- pw \n-f
- p-sS ho-Sn-s In-S
- m-Wv Ip-g
-
- -v Imc-Ws
- a-v. G-Xm-\pw hm-Xn-ep-If
- pw P-\e
- p-If
- pw am-n m-]n-m {]iv\
- w Xo-cpw. Nn-et- m ho-Sv X-s s]m-fn-p ]-Wn-bm-\m-Ipw \n-tiw. C-tX kw-`h
- w tPm-ky-t\m-Sv tNm-Zn-m A-bm \n-t-inp- ]-cn-lm-cw th-sd-bm-bn-cn-pw.
F-m tI-cf
-
- n-se hm-kvX
- p im-kv{- X \n-]p-W Im-Wn-b
- q
Ir-jv-W \-q-Xn-cn-]m-Sn-s hm-kv-Xp e--Ww F- Ir-Xnbn
A-]w em-Lh
- t- m-sS-bm-Wv Im-cy- hn-hc
- n-p-X
- v. A-Xn
I-n-tm (I-n-aq-e) sb Ip-dn-v C-n-s\ hm-bn-mw.
"" I-n-tIm F-v tI-
- q-s
- g-pw B-fp-I-]d-bpw A-Xv
ho-p-If
- t- -q. A-hn-sS H-pw th- A-\-Yw D-m-pw Fsm-s hm-kvX
- h
-
- n A-s
- \-sbm-p-an-. D-Zm-lc
- W
-
- n-\v
"a-bXzw' F {Kn ]-db
- p-X
- v I-n-tIm F-X
- v \n-cy-Xn
]-Zs
- a-m-Wv. \n-cy-n ]-Z
- n- kq-Xn-Im-{K-la
- p-m-W
- sa-m-Wv
]-db
- p-I. kq-Xn-Im-{K-ls
- a-p ]-d
m {]-kh
- n-m-\pw {]-kh
- n-
kv{- Xo-Is
- f ]m-n-m-\p-ap- C-Sw. A-ip-n-hf
- s
- c-b[
- n-Iw D-m-Im\n-Sb
- p- H-m-Wt- m {]-hk
- ap-dn. {]-kh
- ap-dn-p- m-\w Fp ]-d
m ]n-s sh-sd-n-\m-Wv ]-m-X
- v (t]-Pv 50). Fm I-n-aq-eb
- n P-em-ib
- w ]m-Sn- F-p-v. sh-sdm-n-\pw X-S-an-. (t]-Pv 50)
C-\n I-n-aq-eb
- n am-{X-sa In-Wd- n-\v m-\a
- p-q F-v h-m
F-p sN-pw. A-hn-sS A-Xn-n Xn-cn-v In-Wd- n-s\ \-p-sS hm-kv17

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

Xp-hn \n-pw ]p-d

- m-n-bm {]-iv\
- w Xo-cpw (t]-Pv 88, Im-Wn-q. hm-kvX
- p eWw). hm-kvX
- p im-kv{- X-{]-Im-cw F-p Zn-p-Ifm-Wv D-X
- v. Cu Zn-p-If
- p-sS Im-h-m-cm-bn F-v ssZ-h
- f
- pw.
In-g
- v- C-{
sX-v In-g
- v A-n-tZ-h
sX-v- b-a
sX-v ]-Sn-m-dv h-cp-W
h-S
- v ]-Sn-m-dv- - hm-bp-tZ-h
h-S-v- Ip-t-c
h-S
- v In-g
- v
Cuim-\
h-S-v Zn-i: k-
- n-s A-[n-]\
- m-b Ip-t_-c\
- m-Wv Cu Zn-ns A-[n-]. ssZ-hm-[o-\h
- pw ssZ-ho-I i-n-bpw \n-e \n-p-
Cu Zn-i ip`-Zm-bI
- a
- m-bn I-W
- m-p-p.
In-g-v Zn-v: D-X
- n-bpw k-X
- v k-ar-Xn-bpw {]-Zm-\w sN-m Ign-hp- Cu Zn-n-\v G-sd {]-[m-\yw \-Is
- -n-cn-p-p. In-g
- ns A-[n-]\
- m-b tZ-th-{ D-s
- S H-]X
- v ssZ-hn-I i-n-I \ne-sIm-p- Cu Zn-v F-p-sIm-pw a-l
- c
- a
- m-Wv.
sX-v In-g-v: bm-sXm-cp hn-[ aw-Kf
- I-
- f
- pw Cu Zn-n-\v
A-`n-ap-Ja
- m-bn \n-p-sIm-v sN-m ]m-Sp-X
-
- . Cu Zn-n-s A[n-] b-at- Z-h\
- m-Wv. Iq-Sm-sX B-dv ssZ-ho-I i-n-I Iq-Sn Cu
Zn-n \n-es
- Im-p-p.
]-Sn-m-dv: P-e
- n-s A-[n-]\
- m-b h-cp-W\pw a-v F-v ssZ-ho-I
i-n-I Iq-Sn \n-es
- Im-p- Cu Zn-v \-X
- m-sW-n-epw ip-`Z- m-bI-a
- .
h-S
- v In-g
- v: {io ]-ct- a-iz-c Iq-Sn-sIm-p- Zn-mWn-Xv. Cuizc-km-n-[yw G-sd-bp- Cu Zn-v ip-`Z- m-bI
- a
- m-Wv.
sX-v In-g-v: A-n-tZ-h\
- m-Wv sX-v In-gt- Zn-n-s A-[n]. A-n tIm F-d- n-bs
- -Sp- Cu Zn-v A-n kw-_
- a
- m-b
G-Xv {]-h-\
-
- n-\pw h-fs
- c D-a
- a
- m-Wv.
h-S-v ]-Sn-m-dv: hm-bp tZ-h A-[n-]\
- m-bp- Cu Zn-ib
- n
hm-bp-hn-\v X-S
- a
- p-m-Ip- X-c
- n-ep- bm-sXm-cp \n-n-Xn-If
- pw
A-cp-Xm--Xm-Wv.
sX-v ]-Sn-m-dv: A-kp-c i-n hm-gp- Cu Zn-n bm-sXm-cphn-[ ip-`I
- m-cy-f
- pw ]m-Sn-.
18

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

hmkvXp imkv{X-a-\p-k-cnv
Fv Znn-tebpw tZham

Cu Fv tZhamh-gn-bmWv hmkvXp ]pcp-j

`qan-tbbpw hoSn-t\bpw `cn-p-Xv
19

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

A-[ym-bw- 4

hmkvXp imkv{X-nse
Nne hnVvVn--
Po-hn-X
- n hn-Pb
- w t\-SW
- s
- a-v B-{K-ln-p-h
- A-hc
- psS In-g
- p `m-Kh
- pw h-S
- p `m-Kh
- pw A-hp-sS h-eX
- p I-pw CS-Xp I-pw t]m-se F-m k--`--fn-epw D-]-tbm-K-s-Sp-Ww. Cu c-v h-i
- f
- pw A-hc
- p-sS ssP-h Im-n-I i-n Dt-Pn-n-v am-\k
- n-Ia
- m-bn k-p-e\
- w t\-Sm k-lm-bn-pw.
Hm-^o-kn-tem ho-n-tem C-cp-v tPm-en sN-p-tm-gpw hn-{i-an-p-tmgpw-In-gt- m-tm h-St- m-tm t\m-n th-Ww C-cn-m F-n {]Ir-Xn i-n-If
- n \n-p- Du-Pw n-ca- m-bpw Xp-S-b
- m-bpw Inp-X
- v h-gn \n--v B-izm-ka- p-m-Ipw. Cu hm-kX
-v p \n-ba- w A\p-kc
- n-p-h
- -v tPm-en-bn hn-c
- n tXm-p-Ib
- n-.
tIm-SX
- n-bn-t]m-epw In-gt- m-v A-s-n h-St- m-v t\m-n \np-th-Ww A-`n-`m-jI
- tI-kv hm-Zn-m B-[n-Im-cn-Ia
- m-bpw hy-am-bpw Im-cy- A-hX
- c
- n-n-m C-Xp k-lm-bn-pw. Blm-cw I-gn-p-tm am-{Xw h-St- m-p-t\m-n C-cn-c
- p-X.v _mn F-m Im-cy--pw h-S
- pw In-g
- pw G-sd D-a
- a
- m-W.v
ho-Sn-s h-S
- p In-gt- aq-e F-tm-gpw \-\h
- p-m-bn-cn-W
- w.
Ip-g In-Wd- p-I `q-an-S- n-bn-se P-ek
- w-`c
- W
- n-I, sh-s
- mn-I F-mw h-S
- p In-gt- `m-K
- v th-Ww m-]n-m.
Cu aq-eb
- p-sS \-\h
- v ]-W
- n-s h-ch
- v kp-Ka
- a
- m-pw.
h-S
- p `m-Kt- -bpw In-g
- p `m-Kt- -bpw A-t]-n-v ]-Sn-mdp h-is
- h-gn C-Sp-n-bX
- m-bm \n-f
- p-sS `-m-hv k-ab-v X-s ho-n-se-pw. t\-sc a-dn-m-sW-n A-t-l
- n\p tXm-n-b k-a-b-v an--tm-gpw Xm-a-kn-v ho-n-se-pw.
A-m-cW
-
- m ho-n ]-e {]-iv\
-
- f
- p-ap-m-Ipw.
{]-tam-j\
- p-I th-Kw In-p-Ib
- pw tPm-en-bn-se `m-c
- Ip-d20

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

bp-Ib
- pw sN-W
- s
- a-p-s-n ho-Sn-s ]-Sn-m-dp h-is
-
ap-If
- n H-cp \n-eI
- q-Sn ]-Wn-bp-I.
sX-v `m-Kt- m ]-Sn-m-dv `m-Kt- m Xp-d
- m-b Iq-Sp-X e-ap-s-n I-S-_m-[y-X-I aq-ew Ip-Spw-_mw-K- I-jv-Ss-Spw. A-Xp-t]m-se In-gt- m, h-St- m a-v Zn-p-Is
- f A-t]n-v Iq-Sp-X D-b-n-cp-m-epw tZm-ja
- m-Wv. I-S_
- m-[y-XI
- ,
Ip-n-I-v {]-iv\
-
- , D-Sa
- b
- p-sS sXm-gn-en-\v X-S
-
- A-s\ [m-cm-fw _p-n-ap-p-I D-m-Ipw.
h-S
- p In-gt- aq-eb
- n-se Np-p-aX
- n H-cp Im-cW
- h
- i
- m-epw h-fn-cn-c
- p-Xv. Ip-n-I-v A-Xv X-S
- a
- p-m-Ipw. am-{X-a
- Ip-Spw_-\m-bI
- c
- p-sS A-`n-hr-n-sb A-Xv X-S
- s
- -Sp-p-Ipw sN-pw.
]Sn-msd `mKs aXn-en- hn-ep-Itfm s]mtem Dmbm At hmkn-If
- psS hym]m-c
- n \jvS hcpw.
\nmWw \S-p Ah-kc
-
- n aXn shfn-bn-tev adnbpI-bm-sW-n B hoSv sIm-bS- n-s
- -Spw.
Ings `mKs aXn-en s]sv Hcp s]m ImWp-Ib
- msW-n AXns DS-a Zn\w {]Xn Zcn-{Z-\m-Ipw.
sXv his aXn-en s]m-ep-Ifpm-bm GsX-nepsamcp
At-hm-knbpsS Poh\v A]-IS- a
- p-m-Ipw.
hSp his aXn-en-emWv s]m-se-n `oa-amb sNe-hpI s]s-p-m-Ipw.
t{X-ns \ng hoSn\p ta ]Xn-p-Ibm-sW-n ssZh
tIm]-ap-mbn At-hm-kn-Iv \mi-ap-m-Ipw.
hcm-bvv Ipd-Xv AcASn hoXn Dm-bn-cn-W
- w.
ho-Sn-s Kr-l {]-th-i k-ab
-
- v km-[m-cW
- b
- m-bn H-cp Ip-f
- s]m-n-v Zp-jv-S-i-n-I-tf-bpw tZm-j--tf-bpw B-n-m-bnm-dp-v. ]q-P I-gn-bp-tm Ip-f
-
aq-m-as
- Xm-cp hy-nbp-sS (tPm-en-m-c\
- m-bm-epw a-Xn) I-n sIm-Sp-p-sm-v
Zq-sc sN-v A-Xv s]m-n- ti-jw \-S
- p t]m-Im-\m-bn ]-d
p
hn-SW
- w. ho-p-Sa
- B hy-n-sb A-sm-cp Zn-hk
- s
- a-n-epw ]ns Im-Wm ]m-Sn-.
{Kmss\v Ip-I \nmW thf-bn Akw-kvIrX hkvXphmbn D
- ]tbm-Kn-c
- p-Xv. hon hg-p-Ifpw Ipg-
- fpw Dmm CXnS-bm-Ipw. AXp-t]mse Dbcw IqSp-X
- n\p thn
21

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

{Kmss\-ns ssSep-I D]-tbm-Kn-m ]mSn-.

hoSn-t\mSv tNp hkvXp hm-Ws
- av Xm]-cy-s-Sp
Hcm hoSns sXtm ]Sn-mtdm D hkvXp hm-cp-Xv.
Ingtm hStm D hkvXp hmmw. Fm t\sc
FXnh-iv tdmUns adp-`m-K
- mWv hmm-\m-{K-ln-p
hkvXp-sh-n Hcp kvs]j tIsk \ne-bn AXp-hmm-hp--Xm-Wv.
hoSns Xd \nc-v, ]pds ]nIv tdmUns \nc-n \npw
Xmgm ]mSn-. As\ hm At-hm-kn-I ]e {]iv\-fm IjvSs-tSn hcpw.
hoSns {][m\ hmXn-ens IX-In-t\-m sNdp-Xm-bn-cn-Ww AIs IX-Ip-I.
hoSns {][m\ hmXn-en\v AIs ap hmXn-ep-It- f-m
Db-c-ap-m-bn-cn--Ww.
henb ac-tfm XqWp-Itfm Igtbm hoSns apn-ep-m-Icp-Xv. Cu XS-
- DS amt-X
- m-Wv. av Imc-W
- sImv
Ah amm Ign-bp-n-s-n Hcp henb \ne-I
- mSn hoSns
hmXn-en LSn-n--Ww. Cu ac-n-ttbm XqWn-ttbm
Zyiyw AXn ]Xnv {]Xn-_nw-_n-p-Xp hgn hr-nttbm XqWn-ttbm tZmj- AI-m-hp-X
- m-Wv.
\ {]tbm-P\
-
- knn-p-X
- n\pthn P\m-eI
- fpw hmXnep-Ifpw 2:1 F A\p-]m-Z-n-em-bn-cn--Ww. sIn-S-n
m]n-n-p _oap-Ifpw ]n-dp-Ifpw tPmUn-Itfm Cc
kwJy-bn-ep-tXm Bbn-cn--Ww. hmXn-ep-Isf cmPm-mscpw P\m-ep-Isf a{n-am-sc-p-amWv ]d-bp-X
- v.
kwJym-im-kv{X-]-c-ambn `mKy-ap-Xpw \ma-imkv{X ]c-ambn
\ I\w krjvSn-m Ign-hp--Xp-amb \ t]cm-bncnWw hoSn\v CtS-X
- v.

CXmWv hmkvXp imkv{Xw Ccw hnUvVn--

C\nbpw \mw hniz-kn-tWm Fv Btem-Nn-p-I

22

InIn-aqaeq-eb-bnn-eeq
qsS
sS I
Ip^v
p^vddnn--t-ev
-tev

A-[ym-bw- 5

hmkvXp-th-[-
th-[w F-m X-Ic
- m-dv, Ip-g
- w, F-sm-s-bm-Wv A-w. \o I-c
- f
- p- h-en-sbm-cp ]n-im-Nm-Wv th-[w. {]-[m-\s
- - Nn-e th[- C-hn-sS hm-bn-mw.
th-[
- f
- n-m- (X-Ic
- m) ho-Sn-\v hm-kvX
- p i-n D-s-n eva
- n tZ-hn-bpw k-lm-bn-bm-bn Ip-t-c\
- pw \n-f
- p-sS ho-n Ip-Sn]m-p-I-bpw A-Xp-h-gn Ip-Spw-_w c--s-Sp-sa-m-Wv hm-kv-Xp-hns I
- s
- -. (hm-kvX
- p im-kv{- Xw- t]-Pv 205)
} {]-[m-\ hm-Xn Xp-d
- p-tm ""Zm... iv....'' Xp-S
- n-b A-] i_vZ-
- D-m-Im ]m-Sn-. A-Xv Ip-Spw-_
- n-\v tZm-jw sIm-p-hcpw. kz-ct- h-Zw F-p ]-db
- p- C-Xv i-cn-bm-n am-m-hp-X
- m-Wv.
} ho-Sn-\v ap-n In-W, a-\p-jy \n-an-X Zzm-cw (Hm-SI
- -n-Sbn B C-d
- m-\p- Ip-gn) A-s-n h-en-b Ip-gn F-n-hb
- n-tesX-n-epw D-s-n ""Iq-]t- h-Zw'' cq-]s
- -Spw. ho-Sn-s \n-g In-Wn-tem Ip-f
- n-tem sI-n-n-S
- p- sh-
- n-tem ho-gm ]m-Sn-.
C-Xn-\v P-et- h-[w F-pw ]-db
- p-p. h-fs
- c tZm-ja
- p-X
- m-Wv. _n-kn\-n-s\ A-Xv \-in-n-pw.
} hm-Xn-en-\p t\-sc ap-n-em-bn F-a
- n-tm F- B-p- ^m-IvS-dn-tbm D-m-hc
- p-Xv. {_-lva
- th-[w F-v C-Xn-\v ]-db
- pw. A-t hmkn-I-v h-en-b I-jvS-
- m-Sp-If
- pw X-f-I
- f
- pw D-m-p-X
- m-Wn-Xv.
} {]-[m-\ hm-Xn-en-se I-XI
- n P-e X-cw-K
- (Water Waves)
23

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

t]m-ep- Un-ssk ]m-Sn-. A-t hm-kn-If

- p-sS Po-hn-X
- n hen-b D-b-- Xm-gvN
- I
- f
- p-m-
- m A-Xv ]-cym-]vX
- a
- m-Wv.
} {]-[m-\ I-XI
- n-\p ap-n h-en-b a-Xn-ep-It- fm, tIm-u-v a-Xntem h-en-b a-dh
- p-It- fm D-m-Ic
- p-Xv. A-t-hm-kn-If
- p-sS h-f-s
- b
X-Sb
- p-X
- v am-{X-a
- . C-Xv A-hs
- c Z-cn-{Z-cm-p-Ib
- pw sN-pw
} \n-g th-[w: In-g
- p `m-K
- v sXm-S- p-m-bn h-en-b Ip-p-Itfm sN-dn-b Ip-p-It- fm D-m-Im ]m-Sn-. Ip-n-s \n-g ho-Sn-\p
ta ]-Xn-bv
- c
- p-Xv. A-Xp-t]m-se h-en-b hy-
- f
- p-tS-tbm Xq-Wnt-tbm \n-g In-g
- p `m-K
- v \n-pw ho-Sn-\p ap-If
- n ]-Xn-bv
- c
- pXv. C-Xv A-t-hm-kn-If
- p-sS h-f-s
- b _m-[n-pw.
} G-sX-n-epw ]m-gva
- c
- t- am hr- in-Jc
-
- n-s ]n-f- `m-Kt- am
ho-Sn-s {]-[m-\ hm-Xn-en-\p t\-sc ap-n Im-Wc
- p-Xv. C-Xv tdm-Un-\v
F-Xn h-i
- m-bn-m-Wv Im-Wp-s
- X-n t]m-epw Ip-Spw-_mw-K
- fn A-`n-{]m-b `n-X
- h-f-pw.
} c-p h-en-b hy---v C-S-bn-em-bn ho-tSm sI-n-S-tam
n-Xn sN--cp-Xv. Ip-Spw-_-n, C-Xv ]-e hn-[ {]-iv-\--fp-mIpw. {]-Ir-Xn Zp-c
-
- ho-Sn-s\ _m-[n-m t]m-epw C-Xv C-Sh
- c
- ppw.
} sX-cp-hp-I X-n tN-cp- aq-eb
- n ho-Sv n-Xn sN-c
- p-Xv.
A-t-hm-kn-I-v h-en-b tZm-j
- C-Xp-aq-ea
- p-m-Ipw.
} {]-[m-\ tdm-Un-te-bv
- p- h-gn, ]m-dI
- , sam-
- p-p-I, XpS-n-b X-S
-
- -n-Sb
- n-eq-sS B-Ic
- p-Xv. C-Xpw ho-Sn-\v th-[a
- p-mIpw.
} ho-Sn-\p ap-n h-en-b Ip-ft- am Im-bt- em D-m-Ic
- p-Xv. ho-Sn-s
`m-Ky- C-Xp-aq-ew Ip-db
- pw.
} {]-[m-\ sI-n-S
- n-t\-m D-bc
-
- n-em-Ic
- p-Xv Np-p a-Xn Fn A-t hm-kn-I-v bm-sXm-cp ta-KX
- n-bpw D-m-In-. ho-Sns {]-[m-\ hm-Xn ]p-ds
- sX-cp-hn \n-tm tdm-Un \n-tm
Im-Wm I-gn-bW
- w.
} cp-{Z th-[w : t\-cs
- ]-d
n-cp-X
- v t]m-se sI-n-S
- n-s
A-It- -bpw ]p-dt- -bpw A-fh
- p-I a-\b
- S- n im-kv{- X {]-Im-ca
- m-bncn-I
- W
- w. A-s-n ip-{Z th-[w D-m-Ipw. A-kp-J
- f
- pw Po-hnX-n-se ]-cm-Pb
-
- -pw A-Xv h-gn sX-fn-bn-pw.
} Xn-Iz-{X th-[w : ho-Sn-s sX-p-If
- pw P-\m-eI
- f
- pw F-mw H24

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

n-\p t\-sc H-m-bn th-Ww. F-n am-{X-ta hm-bp-hn-s-bpw a-v

A-Zy-iy h-kvX
- p-f
- p-sS-bpw k-m-cw kp-Ka
- a
- m-bn \-S
- p-Ib
- p-q.
Cu-th-Za
- p-m-bm A-t_m-j (K-`w A-ek
- p-X
- v) Ip-n-I-v
B-tcm-Ky-p-dh
- v Xp-S
- n-b Ip-g
-
- s
- f-mw D-m-Ipw.
} aT th-[w : ho-Sv F-tm-gpw k-\ym-kn-aT
-
- n-\v A-Sp-v \n-pw
600 A-Sn-sb-n-epw Zq-c
- n-em-bn-cn-W
- w. A-m- ]-w aT th-[w
D-m-Ipw C-Xp-aq-ew A-t-hm-kn-I-v tcm-K
- f
- pw ho-n tam-jW-f
- pw D-m-Ipw.
} ]-n-th-[w: Im-I
- f
- pw h-m-ep-If
- pw ho-p-hf
-
- n Xm-ak
- np-X
- v ]-n-th-[w D-m-pw. Ip-n-If
- p-sS hn-Zym-`ym-ks
- C-Xv
_m-[n-pw. s]-cp-am-w ]-cp-\
- m-Ipw. A-Xn-t\m-sSm-w aq-b
- pw Igp-I\
- pw Iq-Sn Xm-ak
- a
- m-bm Cu th-[w Iq-Sp-X Ip-g
-
- f
- p-mpw. A-Xp-sm-v B-Zyw X-s C-hs
- b Hm-Sn-p I-fb
- W
- w.
} N-Xp-jvt- m-W th-[w: ho-Sn-s F-m-hi
-
- pw H-tc \o-fh
- pw
ho-Xn-bpw B-hc
- p-Xv. ho-Sn-s \o-fw A-Xn-s ho-Xn-tb-m G-Xm\pw A-Sn-sb-n-epw Iq-Sp-Xe
- m-bn-cn-W
- w. A-Xs
- -n Zm-cn-{Z-hpw \nc-c
- a
- m-b ho-Sp-am-h
- pw D-m-Ipw.
} {]-[m-\ hm-Xn-en-\p-t\-sc ap-n C-eI
- v{- Sn-Iv t]m-tm a-t-sXn-epw Xq-tWm D-m-Ic
- p-Xv.

AjvSZ
- nIv ]me-I

25

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

A-[ym-bw- 6

C-kv-emw A-Sn-m-\ X-zw

C-kve
- mw F-m k-a-W
- a
- m-sW-pw k-am-[m-\s
- a-pw A-ap-v. k-ht- em-I kr-jvS- m-hn-\v kz-w Po-hn-Xs
- k-a-n-p-Xv h-gn e-`n-p- k-am-[m-\a
- m-Wv C-kve
- mw.
ssZ-hn-I hn-[n hn-e
- p-If
- \
- p-kc
- n-v kz-w Po-hn-Xs
- Nn-s-Sp-n-bh
- \
- m-Wv ap-kve
- nw. P-
- n-s A-Sn-m-\a
-
- a-dn-v hnizm-k
- n-s-bpw I-
- n-s-bpw A-Sn-m-\
- n-em-Wv H-cm apkve
- n-am-hp-X
- v. `-b`-
- n-bp-sS am-\Z- fi
a
- m-Wv H-cp-s
- \ _-lp-am-\n-\-l\
- m-Ip-X
- v.
Po-hn-n-s-hn-hn-[ Xp-dI
- f
- n A-\p-kc
- n-t-X
- m-b hn-[n hne-p-I D-sIm-p-X
- m-Wv a-Xw. C-hn-sS H-cp-]m-Sv hn-izm-k
- fpw I-
- f
- pw D-sIm-p-p. A-Xn H-m-Wv hn-[n-bn-ep- hnizm-kw.
{]-]
-
- n-se F-m {]-Xn-`m-k
- f
- pw ssZ-hn-Ia
- m-b \nba hyh-If
- psS ASn-m-\
- n-emWv \-S
- p-X
- v. F-mw \n-b{- n-p-Xv A-m-lp-hm-Wv. \-b
- m-bm-epw Xn-b
- m-bm-epw A-m-lp-hn-s hn[n-bm-sW- hn-izm-ka
- m-Wv ap-kve
- n-an-\p th-X
- v.
a-\p-jy-s im-co-cn-I hy-h
bpw Np-p-]m-Sp-sa-mw ssZ-hn26

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

I hn-[n-[
- o-\a
- m-Wv.
ip--am-b G-I-ssZ-h k--]-am-Wv C-kv-em-an-s Im-X.
A-hn-sS ]-e ssZ-h
- f
- n-. G-I\
- m-b A-m-lp-hn-s B--[o\-am-bn F-mw kw-`h
- n-p-p. A-Xn ]-co-W
-
- f
- p-m-hmw kpJ-ap-m-Imw Zp:J-ap-m-hmw A-sX-mw A-m-lp-hn \n-m-sW-v
hn-iz-kn-p-h
- \
- m-Wv b-Ym- ap-kve
- nw. A-m-lp Jp-B\
- n C-s\ ]-db
- p-p.
`-bw, hn-i
- v, ap-Xe
- m-bh
- \n-an-h
- pw k-
- v i-co-cw ^-ea
- qem-Zn-I F-n-hb
- p-sS A-`m-hw aq-eh
- pw \n-s
- f \mw ]-co-W
- n-\v hn-t[-bc
- m-p-IX
- s
- sN-pw. F-m -a ssI sIm-h-v k-tm-j hm- A-dn-bn-p-I ! (Jp. 2/155)
a-\p-jy Po-hn-X
- n kw-`h
- n-m-hp- Im-cy- am-{X-am-Wv
Jp-B\
- n ]-d
X
- v. a-\p-jy `q-an-bn ]-co-W
-
- f
- n A-Is-m -a ssI sIm-W
- s
- a-m-Wv \n-t-in-p-X
- v. B H-cp
A-dn-bn-v t]m-epw A-hK
- W
- n-v \n-n- I-q-kp-I s]m-fn-m-\pw
hm-kv-Xp `-K-hm-s\ {]o-Xn-s-Sp-m-\pw {i-an-p--h H-m-tem-Nnm a-\
- n-em-Ipw. A-hc
- p-sS a-X hn-izm-k
- n-s i-n-bpw `-nbpw.
-ab
- pw \n-kvI
- m-ch
- pw ap \n-n \n- \m-Yt- \m-Sv klmba-n-Wsav Jp-B D]-tZ-in-p-p. ImcWw k-lmbw tNm-Zn-m A-l A-m-lp-hm-Wv.
F-n-pw \mw klm-b-n-\mbn ap ]-e-cn-te-v \o-p--Xpw
A-Sp-f
- b
- p-sS m-\w am-p-X
- pw A-m-lp-hn-ep- hn-izm-kw \jv- s
- -X
- v sIm-m-Wv.
A-_p lp-ssd-d (d) \n-th-Z-\w
{]m-hN
- I
- ]-d
p. k-Xy hn-izm-kn-v X-s i-co-c
- n-epw
k-m-\--fn-epw k--n-epw ]-co--W-ap-m-n-sm-n-cn-pw
A-h-km-\w A-h ]m-]-c-ln-X-\m-bn kz-K-n {]-th-in-pw.
(lZokv) Jp-B\
- n-epw l-Zo-kn-epw ap-kve
- nw k-aq-lw G-Xv hn-izm-kn-e[
- n-jvTn-Xa
- m-bn Po-hn-W-sa-v h-fs
- c hy-a
- m-n ]-d
n-pw
k-aq-ls
- ssl-h
- hn-izm-k
- n-te-pw Ip-^vc
- n-b
- n-te-pw hen-n-g
- p- {]-hW
- X
- b
- m-Wv ]-ec
- n \n-pw I-p-hc
- p-X
- v.
27

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

A-m-lp ]-db
- p-X
- v C-s
- \-bm-Wv A-m-lp-hn `cta-np-h
-
- v A-m-lp a-Xn-bm-bh
- \
- m-Wv. C-c
- p-W
- n {]-hm-NI
k-n-[n-bn \-S
- H-cp kw-`h
- w C-hn-sS {]-k
- a
- m-sW-v tXm-pp. {]-hm-NI
- k-lm-_m-t- fm-Sm-bn C-n-s\ ]-d
p. hn-hn-[
k-apZm-b
- F-s ap-n {]-Z-in-n-s
- -p. H-cp \-_n-bpw sNdn-sbm-cp k-ap-Zm-bh
- pw sh-sdm-cp \-_n-bpw H-p c-v A-\p-bm-bn-Ifpw A-\p-bm-bn-It- f-Xp-an-m- \-_n-tb-bpw Rm I-p.
A-Xn-\n-sS h-n- H-cp P-\k
-
- b
- s
- F-\n-v D-b-n ImWn-s
- -p. A-h F-s k-ap-Zm-ba
- m-bn-cn-p-sa-v Rm I-cp-Xnsb-n-epw A-Xv ap-km \-_n-bpw kw-Lh
- p-am-bn-cp-p. ]n-o-Sv ZnK-fn-te-v \n-sbm-p Xn-cn-p-t\m-q F- B- Rm tI-p.
A-Xm- h-n- P-\m-he
- n. a-dp `m-Kt- -v \n-sbm-v t\m-qsb-v F-tm-Sv ]-d
t- m A-Xm A-hn-sS-bpw h-en-sbm-cp P-\
k-b
- w- C-Xv \n-s k-ap-Zm-ba
- m-Wv. C-hc
- n \n-v F-gp-]X
- n-\m-bncw t] in-b
- pw hn-Nm-cW
- b
- pw Iq-Sm-sX kz-K
- n {]-th-in-p-sX-pw ]-db
- s
- -p. C-{X-bpw ]-d
v {]-hm-NI
- A-hn-sS \n-v
F-gp-t-v t]m-bn. B-cm-bn-cn-pw B F-gp-]X
- n-\m-bn-cpw t] F-Xn-s\ sNm-n N-I
- ap-dp-In. Xn-cp-\_
- n-bp-sS k-lm-_n-If
- m-bn-cnp-sa-v A-hc
- n Nn-e A-`n-{]-bs
- -p. A-hn-sS A-`n-{]m-b
- ]e-Xp-ap-m-bn. C-Xn-\n-sS {]m-hm-NI
- {]-Xy-s
- -p. F-m-Wv \n- A-`n-{]m-b {]-IS- \
- w \-S
- p-X
- v. \-_n A-cp-fn. a-{n-m-h
- cpw a-{n-s
- -Sm-h
- c
- pw i-Ip-\w t\m-m-h
- c
- pw A-m-lp-hn
F
-
- mw A-]n-p-h
- c
- p-am-bn-cn-pw. hn-Nm-cW
- b
- n-m-sX kz-K
- n
{]-th-in-p- Fgp-]X
- n-\m-bncw B-fp-I. (_pJmcn).Hm-tcm {]-hmN-I-am-cpw A-hc
- p-sS P-\
- t- fm-Sv B-lzm-\w sN-bvX
- X
- v. F-s P-\-sf \n- A-m-lp-sh am-{Xw B-cm-[n-p-I. A-h\
-
- m-sX asm-cp ssZ-hw \n--n-. F-X
- m-bn-cp-p. A-m-lp-hn-s\ B-cm[n-p-I F-X
- v A-m-lp-hn-s A-hI
- m-ia
- m-Wv. kr-jvS- m-hm-b Am-lphn-s Zm-k-am-v A-m-lp-thm-Sp- _m-[y-X A-hs
- \ Bcm-[n-p-I F-X
- v am-{X-am-Wv.
""\-_n-sb ]-db
- p-I \n-f
- p-sS c-n-Xm-hv \n-f
- p-sS ta \njn-a
- m-n-bX
- v \n--v Rm ]-d
p tI-n-mw. A-ht- \m-Sv
bm-sXm-n-t\-bpw \n- ]-v tN-c
- p-Xv. am-Xm-]n-Xm--v \-sN-W
- w'' (Jp. 6/151) A-m-lp-hn-\v am-{X-sa B-cm-[n-m-hq A-h28

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

t\m-Sv am-{X-sa k-lm-bw A-Yn-m-hq. \n-_--am-b A-v t\cs \n-kvI

- m-c
- n-epw Hm-tcm ap-kve
- n-apw Zr-V {]-Xn- sN-p-Xv A-Xv X-s-bm-Wv.
""\n-s am-{Xw B-cm-[n-p-p \n-tm-Sv am-{Xw R- k-lmb-a-n-p-p''. H-cp Zn-hk
- w Np-cp-n-bX
- v 17 X-hW
- s
- b-n-epw Cu
k-Xy-{]-Xn- \mw sN-p-pv. \-p-sS F-m Im-cy-f
- pw A-mlp-hn A-]n-X-amWv. in-pw Ip-^v-dpw Am-lp-hn- H-cn-epw s]m-dp-m-\m-hm- ]m-]a
- m-sWpw \ap-d- n-bmw. Fnpw \p-sS k-tlm-Zc
- n k-tlmZ-c
- m hmkvXp ]pcp-j\
- n hnizm-ka
- nv
Ah-s\. B-cm[np-Ibpw IqkpI s]mfn-p-Ibpw sNp-Xv
Fp-sImv ?
hmkvXp ]pcp-js\ kw_-nv P\-a-\-p-I-fn `oXn P\n-np-Ibpw Ahs\ Xr]vXn-s-Sp-m t{]cn-n-p-Ibpw sNp
Nne "NnIn-I
-
- m' \psS kap-Zm-b
- n Dm-Ip-Xv hntcm[m-`m-k-at?
bm-sXm-cp hn-p ho-gvN
-
- pw C-S \-m-sX Jp-B {]-Jym]n-p--Xv C--s\. tem-I--fp-sS c-n-Xm-hm-b A-m-lp A-msX a-s-m B-cm-[y-cpw F-s i-{Xp-f
- m-Wv. A-m-lp B-Wv Fs kr-jvS- n-X
- v. A-h F-\n-v k-K tN-X\
- I
- \-In am-K
\n-tZ-iw \-Ip-p. F-\n-v hn-i
- S-
- m `-W
- t- a-Ip-X
- pw Zml-ia
- \
-
- n-\v ]m-\o-bw \-Ip-X
- pw A-h\
- s
- {X. Rm tcm-Kn-bmbm i-a\
- h
- pw A-h \-Ip-p. F-s-ac
- n-n-p-X
- pw- ]n-o-Sv Pohn-np-X
- pw A-h am-{X-am-Ip-p. F-s sX-v Ip-
- -v {]-Xn^-e Zn-hk
-
- n A-h am-v \-Ip-sa-s{X F-s {]-Xo- (2677
ip-Ad- m)

29

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

km-[m-c-W-mv h-f-sc s]s--v a-\-n-em-p-hm

G-Xm-\pw tNm-Zy-hpw D--c-hpw \-Ip-I-bm-Wv

I-n-aq-e F-m F-v?

sX-v ]-Sn-m-dv `m-K
- p- aq-eb
- m-Wv I-n-aq-e
I-n-aq-e F- t]-cv h-cm Im-cW
- w?
s]-Ip-n-If
- p-sS kz-`m-hw \n-Wb
- n-p-X
- v Cu Zn-m-bX
- v sImv I-n-aq-e A-Yh
- m ]n-im-Nn-s aq-e F-v ]-db
- p-p. (A-fl
-
hn-Pb
- v hmkvXp eWw)
I-n-aq-e
- v F-m-Wv C-{X {]-tXy-IX
- ?
hm-kv-Xp im-kv-{X-n G--hpw {]-[m-\-s--Xpw i-n-tb-dn-bXp-am-b Zn-m-Wn-Xv? Cu Zn-n-s Im-h-m-c\
- m-bn H-cp ]n-imNn-s\bm-Wv \n-b
- n-X
- v. H-cp ]n-im-Nm-b \r-n `-Kh
- \
- m-Wv C-Xns D-Sa
- . H-cp a-\p-jy-s ]p-d
- m-Wv A-bm-fp-sS k-m-cw. Po-h
Pm-e
- fpsS c-w Ip-Sn-pw. ]- amw-kw Xn-pw. Cu Zn-n-s\
_p-n-ap-n-m A-t-lw D-]{- Z-hn-p-as
- {X. A-Xm-Wv Cu aq-eb
- psS {]-tXy-IX
I-n-aq-e A-h
- n-izm-ka
- m-tWm?
AsX, imkv{Xo-ba
- mb Hc-Sn-m-\hpw Cm tIhew Ahn-izm-ka
- m-Wv. Fm sslh hnizm-k
- ns `mK-am-Wv.
I-n-aq-eb
- n I-q-kv ]m-Sn- F- ]-db
- p-p-t- m?
A-Xv asmcp A-hn-izm-ka
- m-Wv. hm-kvX
- p-hnZybnt]mepw AXn-\v Ip-g
- a
- n-. hm-kvX
- p im-kv{- X hn-im-cZ- Im-Wn-b
- q F-gpXp-X
- v C-n-s\-bm-Wv. I-n-tm (I-n-aq-e) F-v tI-ptm-tg-pw B-fp-I ]-db
- pw A-hn-sS H-pw th-s-v. hm-kvX-h
- n A-n-s\ H-p-an-. "a-bX
- z-w' F {K-n ]-db
- p-Xv I-n-tm F-v ]-db
- p-X
- v \n-cy-Xn-]Z- a
- m-sW-m-Wv. kqXn-Im-{K-lw F-m {]-kh
- n-m-\pw {]-kh
- n- kv{- Xo-Is
- f ]mn-m-\p-ap- -ew. A-ip-n h-fs
- c-b[
- n-Iw D-m-Im-\n-Sbp-
-ea
- m-Wt- m {]-kh
- ap-dn. {]-hk
- a
- p-dn-p- m-\w F-v ]d-m ]n-s Fn-\m-Wv ]-m-X
- v. (hm-kvX
- p e-W
- w- ImWn-b
- q t]-Pv 50)
Nn-e apkvenw aue-hn-am I-n-aq-e
- v {]-[m-\yw sIm-Sp-p-p-t- m?
hmkvXphnse hnizmkw Ckvem-anI hncp-a
- m-sWv Ah Adn30

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

bmsX t]mIpp, As-n `uXnI t\-n\pthn Zpcp-]tbm-Ks

- -Sp-p-Ib
- m-Wv. A-Xh
- -v I-n-aq-es
- b Ip-dn-p- hmkvX
- p im-kv{- Xw A-dn-bm-X
- v sIm-m-Wv.
hm-kvX
- p C- F-m-tWm
hm-kvX
- p hnZy-bnse Hcp k]w am{X-amWv hmkvXp ]pcp-j.
hmkvXp hnZy imkv{X-a
- , hnizm-k
- ns `mK-am-WX
- v.
hm-kvX
- p im-kv{- Xw im-kv{- X-as
- ?
A-- h-mkvX
- p-hn-s\-bpw \-ap-v im-kv{- X-am-mw.
Ku-fn im-kv{- Xw, l-kvX
- t- c-Jm im-kv{- Xw, tPm-Xn-i im-kv{- Xw, An-s\ ]-eX
- pw imkv{X-amWv Fv ]d-bp-p-t- m.
hm-kvX
- p ssl-h
- hn-izm-k am-sW-v ]-db
- p-X
- n-\v h- sX-fn-hpap-tm?
D-.v In-j
-v n-m Im-WT
v
- n a-t\m-lc
- a
- m-b H-cp cw-Kw ]-db
- p-pv. ko-Xs
- b tX-Sn-bp- A-e
- n-en-\n-Sb
- n {io-cm-a\
- pw k-tlm-Zc
-
e-a
-v W
- \
- pw hm-\c
- c
- m-Pm-hm-b kp-{Ko-hs
- -e
- v sN-s-n.
A-hn-sS Ip-Sn sI-n Xm-ak
- n-p. A-h \n-an- Ip-Sn hm-kX
-v p
im-k{v- X {]-Im-ca
- m-bn-cp-X
- n-\m A-hc
- p-sS Zu-y-n A-h
Xo-b
- m-bpw hn-Pb
- n-p-sa-v {io-cm-a e-a
-v W
- t- \m-Sv ]-db
- p-Ib
- pm-bn- HSp-hn koXsb hos-Sp-m Ahv Ign-p. (t]Pv 3). b-Pq th-Z
- n hm-kX
-v p ]p-cp-jt- \-bpw hm-kX
-v p im-k{-v Xt-bpw Ip-dn-v hn-iZ- o-Ic
- n-v ]-d
n-p-.v B-Ib
- m ap-ke
-v nw kap-Zm-bw hm-kX
-v p `-Kh
- m-\n-te-pw A-m-lp A-m- a-v B-cm-[y-cnte-pw \o-p-X
- v Ip-^d-v pw k-Xy-\n-tj-[h
- pw A-m-lphn-s tIm]-n-\v Im-cW
- h
- pam-sWv \mw D-d
- v hn-iz-kn-t-n-bn-cn-p-p.
""tem-ea
- m-b hn-izm-kt- m-sS Nn-e A-m-lp-hn-s\ B-cm-[n-pp. Po-hn-X
- n h- Kp-Wt- am sF-iz-cy-tam e-`n-m A-c
- m-c k-am-[m-\n-pw. adn-v h- ]-co-W
-
- t- fm {]-Xn-k
- n-Itfm t\-cn-m {]-kX
v- p-X hn-izm-ka
- p-t]-n-v A-h t]m-Ip-p.
C-lh
- pw ]-ch
- pw A-c
-
- m-v \-jSv- s
- -Sp-p C-Xs
- {X hy-a
- mb \-jSv- h
- pw ]-cm-Pb
- h
- pw'' (2211 Jp-B- kqd-v l-v).
" "R-fpsS \mYm \o Cd-nb thZ-{K-
- n R
hnizm-kn-p-Ibpw dkq-ens\ R ]np-Sc
- p-Ibpw sNbvXncn-p-p. AXn-\m kXy-km-n-If
- psS IqsS Rsf \o
tcJ-s-Sp-t-Wt- a'' (Jp-B 3/53)
31

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev

A-h-ew-_w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w

hm-kv-Xp im-kv-{Xw ]-fin-v A-fl

- hn-Pb
- v
hm-kvX
- p e-W
- w
- Im-Wn-b
- q
ln-p- A-dn-tb-h
- tUm. bp.-Ac
- h
- n-m-
`q-Xw, `m-hn, h-a
- m-\w
- ]-cm-i
B-Nm-c--fpw A-\p-jvTm-\--fpw
- sN-dp-hm-w P-bI
- p-am
hm-kv-Xp im-kv-{Xw
- B-Zn-Xy-h-
im-kv{- X-hpw I-]S- im-kv{- X-hpw
- ]-cn-j
- v
ssl-h
- m-Nm-c
- f
- pw A-\p-jvS- m-\
- f
- pw Ip-n-p- C-fb
- Xv
dn-bm-Zp z-em-lo
- C-amw \-hh
- n
Jp-B ]-cn-`m-j
- sI.-hn. ap-l
- Z- v ap-kve
- n-bm
hmkvXp Apw Cpw
sI. apc-fo-[c
- \mb
ap-kv-enw hm-kv-Xp-im-kv-{Xw
k-n-Zv A-eh
- n X- Nm-en-t-cn.
32

In-aq-e-bn-eqsS Ip^vdn--tev