4-12 mid of BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING FOR ALL Q)The conventional display is nothing more than an oscilloscope with the horizontal sweep driven by a> slow speed sweep generator Q)Sweep rates of are often included to correspond to standard ECG chart speeds—> 25 to 50 mm/sec Q)Muttiple traces are obtained by an ‘that causes the electron beam to sequentially jump from trace to trace among various channels of data—> Electronic chopper Q)Bouncing balls display is also known as—> Conventional Q)Skin electrodes to pick up the - potentials-> ECG Q)A rate meter is used to indicate ~ ~ and to provide a continuous indication heart rate~> average number of heart beats per minute Q)IF the patients have any sudden unbalance in their body systems causes by—> Q)Sphygmomanometer is an instrument to measure—> Blood pressure e Q). All Electrocardiographs have a calibration voltage available Q)The frequency response of the fluid writing s Al ill scale Q)The recorder has a large number of chart speeds ranging from--> soi ay mm/sec sstem is up t QyThe contains the circuitry and controls that are essential t function» Coupler Q)The electron beam is brightened only when a brightening sighal i method called-—> Z-axis modulation Q)The interconnection of the microcomputer form jetwork with the central murses station at the center--> star Q)The ability of the trace to remain visible on the EGRT is known as-> persistence Q). ~ also use CRT-—-> non fade disilay Q)The digital display update rate is intei Sag fe from--> 6 to 30 per minute Q)Pulse rate is measured from--> 20 to 30 beatyimnin Q)ADU means—> arterial diagnos Q)The rhythmic action of the heart at the natural cardiac pacemaker, hocal —> sinoatrial node Q)The universal biomedical coupleRQjvhtich cannot be used for-—> plethysmography Q)Modular unit supplies voltage fgr sin gauge based transducers having sensitivities from--> 50 to S00v/volt excitati Hg Q)The amplifier unit ned for broad band amplification from de to-> 10KHz Q)Each biomedica¢oupf@hunit has a—> high input impedance Q)Total and coy s impulse blockage is called--> third degree block Q)A device il pacing impulses and delivering them to the heart is known as- fame plate ied to CRT by a it by regularly recurring action potentials originating semaker usually consists of an externally wom pulse generator connected to ted on (or) within the > Myocardium Q)Fixed ite pacers are also used temporarily to determine the —- needed to capture the heart beat of a patient--> amplitude Q)Heart blocks occurs whenever the conduction system fails to transmit the pacing impulses from--> artia to ventricles Q)in first degree block an excessive impulse delay at AV junction occurs that causes PR interval to exceed ~ second for normal adults—> 0.2 Qa ~ depends on continuous, perio integrity of neuronal conducting pathways~> normal - of impulses performance of the pacemaker and the jus rhythm4-12 mid of BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING FOR ALL Q)The excitable ventricular musculature may try to control--> heartbeat Q)Pacing impulses appear as—> spikes Q). is used less frequently than inhibited-mode pacing—> ventricular triggering pacing Q)The pulse generators are powered by a hermetically sealed ~ > lithium iodine Q)\Weight of the circular shaped pulse generator is nominal—> 95gm Q). External demand pacers have a sense pace indicator that deflects for each detected wave> R wave Q)Evidence of the presence of pacing impulses is obtained from the--> A ) electrocardio Q)The amplitude at which capture occurs is called the pacing—> threshold Q)The amplitude of output pacing pulses between—> 0.1 and 20mA oO - power source= Q)Anterior Anterior paddles are applied to—> chest Q)Special pediatric paddles are available with diameters ranging from ~ >2t0 Gem QA is used to discharge the defibrillator when the washed py positioned—> thumb switch Q)With standard X-ray procedures, the five character code insite th Shield appears as black letters--> titanium Q)in nuclear powered pulse generator devices, heat gener the decay of radioactive - - is converted into DC, is used to power the pacenfake¥®-> plutonium Q)Depending on the defibrillator energy setting, of electrical energy discharged by the capacitor may range between--> 100 to 40 Q)The duration of effective portion of th se defibrillation energy is approximately-—> Smsee Q)audiometer has-------- channels—> Q)In audiometer which channebhas pjire Yge or speech output-> first Q)The main active clement in augiomSigy is-—> oscillator Q)Unlike the ECG for a heart in vi lar fibrillation, the electrocardiogram for a fast heart contains-> QRS complex Q)The ECG signal is fe 2 - from either a patient monitor (or) an ECG—> amplifier Q)In some cases, thé pati@iits ECG electrodes are connected--> directly connected to the amplifier Q)The devie st the auditory response is known as--> audiometer i - battery--> lithium jonitor and controls the functions related to the operation of-> hand sed to measure hearing losses is—> hearing aids Q)in audiSmeter which channel has either narrow band or wideband marking signal--> second Q)Transmission of sound through the external and middle ear to internal ear is called--> air conduction Q)in pure tone audiometer the signal intensity is in the range of—> 10 dB to 120 dB Q)What type of oscillator is used in pure tone audiometer---—> LC Q)------- records the biopotentials generated by the movement of the eye ball—> Electrooculography Q)The EOG signal amplitude range is between ---> 50 microvolts to 4000 microvolts4-12 mid of BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING FOR ALL Q)in ERG measurement the reference electrode is made from-—----> silver chloride Q)ACS use —------- telemetry to transfer information to and from the prosthesis--> radi Q)------ is a measure of response of retina of the eye to light--> Electroretinography Q)The amplitude range of ERG signal is-—> 0.5 mierovolts to 1 mille volts Q)The frequency range of ERG signal is > DC to 20 hertz Q)The intraocular pressure (IOP) is measured with the help of an instrument called—> tonometer Q)The food plate of schlotz tonometer and lever of the plunger should be sterilized inhot water for —- minutes—> 30 Q)Which color is noted in the DDO test-----—-> red Q)The frequency range of ERG signal is-> 0.1 to 100 hertz Q). the potential rise due to light when both rods and cones contrib Q)--is the insensitive component and occurs from retinal pigment epithelium and inner nuclear layer--> dark peak Q)In DDO the light is thrown in the patients eye siting in a semi-darkro > 20-25 em Q)Otoscope is an instrument which is used to--> inspect the eardrum Q)Thermography is the display of--> thermal images ofthe Q)in the flexible fiberoscopes.the images are transmitted Q)Radio capsule is~> An encapsulated bio signal trans Q)in Biotelemetry,FDM refers to--> Frequency, Q)The radiocapsules are—> Biotelemetry transmi In the B.Scan,when the transducer is moved Ct to the body.which part of the the CRO is synchronised with this movemer ae deflection potential Q)One of the following properties is the dh@racttaistic of metals when they are used as implant materials. What is it?—> high impact tensile’gteength Q)The polymeric material usedsfor tion of artificial heart valve is—> teflon Q)in B. scanning an anatomical sectioRal jmhage is obtained by--> intensity modulation of the electron beam by the amplitude foes Q)The sensitivity of the thernography¥n the case of diagnosis of the breast cancer can be increased by--> irradiating the tilmar surface by microwaves Q)The efficiency of jines is about--> about 1% Q)The detailed X-ray imaBes of the slices of the body is obtained by means of--> Computerized axial tomogray Q)In diagnos ology a shadow image is obtained.In ultrasonic diagnosis we are getting--> sectional ithag QyThe jofeedback means—> Self control or the indirect controlling of the activity of the nervous system Q)The Aion ion laser is mainly used in coagulation because--> it gives necessary monochromacity in wavelength which is highly absorbed by red blood cells and hemoglobin Q)The use of superconducting magnets in MRI is to obtain—> high strength magnetic field Q)The sectional ultrasonic images are known as—> ultrasonic tomograms Q)During irradiation with X-rays. gamma rays and particle radiation,damage is caused to living cells because of atoms and molecules.—> ionisation Q)In human body the interface which acts as a perfect mirror for ultrasonics is—> Soft tissue/gas4-12 mid of BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING FOR ALL interface Q)Among the following imaging s imaging system Q)Chromatography is based on--> migration velocity of the substances between a stationary phase and a mobile phase Q)The radio activity taken up is measured by means of--> Scintillation detector Q)The concentration of sodium.potassium and calcium ions in blood is determined by—> Flame photometry Q)An endoscope is an instrument for examining-—> a body cavity Q)With a proctoscope the rectum--> ean be viewed Q)The term Bionics means—> A.. a science concerned with the application of dash aBdut the functioning of biological systems to the solution of engineering problems Q)Fluoroscopic observation of cardiac catheterization is made by--> X-ray i Q)Dis advantage of implantable units is—> life of the battery & ¢ tems,which has more noninvasive character’? Ultrasonic Q)The use of implantable units restricts the distance of transmission of wal--> because the body fluids & the skin greatly attenuate the signal Q)The implanted receiver has been used with patients for—> of Nerves QJIntensive care unit is used to maintain vital functions—>: temporal Q)in dialysis the waste products are transferred to the aS diffusion Q)in Biotelemetry transfer of medical data is--> Use of te ¢ links Q)Measurement of biological parameters over a distante i> Biotelemetry Q)Let-go current for men-> increases with log fi Q)Ground faults can be avoided by—> Using is er suppl Q)Advantage of computer tomography is—> they ree-dimensional Q)The intensity of X rays depends on the Cutaent through the tube Q)X-ray equipment for diagnostic purposes Uggs target voltages in the range of-> 30 to 100 kV Q)Cardiae catheterization is teghni marily to diagnise—> valve deficiencies Q)Basic limitations of X-ray im ey are two-dimensional Q)The stimulation of motor nerves iscles causes-> contraction of muscle fibers Q)The stimulation of nerver muscle Wepends on the--> potential difference across its cells Q)Electrical accidents arg{caitsed By-#* interaction of electric current with the tissues of the body Q)Miecro shocks mafy 0 > due to flow of few mA current across the cardiac muscles Q)AI apparatu act with a patient during cardiac catheterization must be designed to prevent-—> I rent Q)Let-go. e~-> higher for men than women Q)Grourdssiult oriented electric shocks can be avoided by-> using isolated power supplies iste used in themeasurement of bioelectric potentials--> reduces the skin Q)Heavy electrical devices such as X-ray machines operate on—> 230V Q)The skin conductance is proportional to the~> contact area and condition of the skin Q)For most people,the perception threshold of the skin for light finger contact is—> approximately 500 micro Amps Q)The maximum current level a person can tolerate and still voluntarily let go of the conductoris called his--> let-go current level Q)Ventricular fibrillation can occur at currents above-> about 75 mA4-12 mid of BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING FOR ALL Q)The largest part of the body resistance is normally represented by the~> resistance of the skin Q)Battery-operated equipment is--> need not to be grounded Q)isolated power systems employ--> line isolation monitors Q)Double-insulated equipment is--> need not to be grounded Q)From main hospital substation ,the power is distributed to individual buildings at—> 4800V Q)Most frequently used protection method is—> Using proper grounding Q)In double-insulated equipment the case is made of—> nonconductive material Q)nonconductive material is--> plastic Q)A physiological response to a current applied to the surface of the heart that resull Unwanted stimulation like muscle contractions or tissue injury is called—> micros Q)Microshock is most often caused when currents in excess of. flo insulated catheter to the heart—> 10 micro Amps Q)A physiological response to a current applied to the surface of the wie ices Unwanted stimulation like muscle contractions or tissue injury is called$> macroshock Q)Special grounding system is called-—> equipotential grounding systel Q)Pocket type radiation alarm gives—> visual as well as an aurafigignal, Q)lonization chamber being operatable--> at relatively low vé Q)Let-go current is the minimum current to produce—> traction $ nw y